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This survey will provide an insight into the most significant eighteenth‐century paratext research in British literary studies produced over the last 20 years, identifying and exploring the key themes and connections that have emerged. Ever since Gérard Genette's ground‐breaking book Paratexts: Thresholds of Interpretation (1997) scholars have begun to reconsider and address the function and interpretive value of the paratexts that frame, surround, or are attached to the edges of literary texts. In eighteenth‐century studies in particular, paratexts frequently constitute a critical and unique area for the expression of identity and for influencing how texts are read and interpreted. This article reviews the extensive body of scholarship that examines and focuses upon paratexts, and that collectively contributes towards the formation of the much‐needed new specialism of paratext studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Philostrato is the property of Epiarte, S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This essay offers a general analysis of how worked the administrative system of recruitment used by the Spanish monarchy at the beginning of the 17th century. On the one hand, we approach the key lines of how the process, the instructions, or the districts of recruitment were organized. On the other hand, we analyze the principal problems of the system already mentioned by the historiography, and the solutions implemented by the Council of War to remedy the situation. Specially studying the social problems and of public order generated by the troops during the enrollment, and the elements of control, like the commissioners. In this system, the main burden of the recruitment was in the hands of the captains. To know their real professional skills is necessary to go in depth into the systems of captains’ appointments, the quality and experience of the applicants, or the importance of the venality, which is also developed in this text.

Relationships between the composite monarchy of the Habsburg and its Pyrenean peripheries are to be replaced in the warlike context of the 17th century. The disappearance of the front of Catholics, with which was still identified the Spanish French border in the 16th century, came along with a militarization of the border passages. The Pyrenean places of passage became the front door of the flows of counterfeit money and the smugglings of any genre, renewing the conflict with France.

A book review of: Lamberg, Marko. Noitaäiti. Malin Matsintyttären tarina. Kirjokansi 188. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura 2019, 327 s. ISBN 978-951-858-028-0.

Introduction. An important aspect of studying the activities of the court Armoury of the Russian tsars of the 17th century is the work of foreign specialists. The firearms made by Bartelt Kinneman, Philip Timofeev and Kaspar Kalthof II are currently preserved in the collection of the Moscow Kremlin Museums. Unfortunately, many aspects of the biographies and professional activity of these masters in Russia are still poorly studied. Methods and materials. The basis for the study is the complex of unpublished sources of the former archive of the Armoury Chamber – currently Fund 396 of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RGADA). Besides, the paper applies unpublished and published sources of the offices of the Ambassadorial Prikaz, the Artillery Prikaz and the Secret Affairs Prikaz. Analysis. When considering the biography of one of the most successful court gunsmiths Bartelt Kinneman, we pay attention to the episode with the escape from him of student named Philip arrived with him from Vilna. In 1672, master Philip Timofeev, who later took a high position among the court gunsmiths, was transferred from the office of the Artillery Prikaz to the Armoury Chamber. The examined documents helped clarify some important details of gunsmiths Kaspar Kalthof II’s stay in Russia. In particular, it was possible to determine the place and duration of his service in the workshop of the Artillery Prikaz. The sources allow to establish that Philip Timofeev was a student who escaped from master B. Kinneman in 1661, entered military service, and later worked in the Armoury workshop in the office of Artillerie with K. Kalthof II. It is assumed that the transition of Ph. Timofeev and his successful career in the Armoury Сhamber became possible as a result of the agreement that he concluded with his former master B. Kinneman. Results. The article introduces new information about the place of service of the gunsmiths in Russia, the features of professional training, career development in the court Armoury, the specifics of relationships with each other and with the Russian administration.

In mid-seventeenth-century Goa two major socio-religious debates were superimposed : the access to the priesthood of the Brahmins converted to Christianity and the inferior status of the Portuguese friars born in India with respect to those of the kingdom. In this context, an Italian Theatine, who had recently arrived in India, decided to tackle an issue that had been undermined until then : the access to the sacramental communion of the Christians converted from Hinduism and of the black slaves of African origin. In Goa, a clearly European concern – the question of frequent communion – acquired new connotations that allowed Antonio Ardizzone Spinola (1605-1699) to fight against the religious discrimination of slaves and defend the dignity of all Christians, regardless of the color of their skin, and their unrestricted access to the sacraments.

A book review of: Miettinen, Riikka & Ella Viitaniemi (eds.). Reunamailla. Tilattomat Länsi-Suomen maaseudulla 1600–1800. Historiallisia Tutkimuksia 278. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. 2018. 540 s. ISBN 978-951- 858-014-3.

The role of maps as tools of colonial control is well known; the cartouches on maps are the places where the cartographer often signals to the viewer his or her interests or prejudices, but the colonialist messages conveyed by cartouches are underexplored. In this article I examine colonialist imagery in several cartouches from the end of the seventeenth to the early nineteenth century both to show the visual vocabulary of this colonialist discourse, and to stimulate further study of cartouches of this type.

Based on a reconstruction of the library of Gaston d’Orléans (1608-1660), this article considers the prince’s ancient culture from the perspective of his books. It sets the reading of ancient languages and texts in the context of the collection and examines the intellectual and material choices presiding over the selection of editions in the three major disciplines covered by the collection: history, sciences and belles lettres.

A card from the family life of Zamość Armenians. Murder of Helena Kistesterowiczowa (1680) Death of Helena Kistesterowiczowa, who was murdered by her husband only one year after their marriage, was the most shocking event in the history of the Zamość Armenian commune. On the basis of case files and other sources, the author presents circumstances of this crime and course of the case. Analysing the testimonies of the accused and witnesses as well as the report about examination of the corpse, he reconstructs the events, depicting relations in the marriage of Kistesterowicze, for which the conflict between Eliasz Kistesterowicz and his father-in-law Serhij Zachariaszewicz Browar was the background. This affair constitutes a minor contribution to family relations of Zamość Armenians in the second half of the 17th century.

The dissemination of specimen data in scientific collections is a crucial step in making them available to the scientific community. However, even today, especially in some countries, little or nothing is known about the contents of the naturalistic collections of some museums. This is regrettable, especially in cases where the collections include historic specimens and endangered species. The Museum of Comparative Anatomy "Giovanni Battista Grassi", situated in Rome, Italy, houses historical anatomical and didactic collections, with specimens gathered from 1600s and almost worldwide. The collection holds 444 specimens of medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals, comprising 25 fossils, 40 skins, 186 skulls, 70 skeletons and 123 anatomical pieces, representing 63% of recent mammal orders, mainly from localities of Africa and Europe. A list of this material, indexed by the orders and families, is provided, as well as comments on the conservation status of the species. Remarkable data are summarised, including new data on a hippopotamus specimen from an extinct population and the record of three rhinoceros species from 1600s. Besides comparative anatomical studies, the Museum of Comparative Anatomy of Sapienza University emerges as a source of important material for biodiversity genomics., Competing Interests: No conflict of interest to declare Disclaimer: This article is (co-)authored by any of the Editors-in-Chief, Managing Editors or their deputies in this journal., (Alexandra M. R. Bezerra, Edoardo Di Russo, Riccardo Castiglia.)

After the Spanish expulsion, the Jewish exiles sought refuge in the Ottoman Empire, Western Europe, and North Africa. Among the North African countries, Morocco harbored the largest number of refugees, many of them settled in Fez. The arrival of the Spanish exiles introduced a new wave of intellectual activity to the local Jewish community in Fez. While previous studies have shown their contribution in the fields of halakhah, poetry, and historiography, this paper demonstrates that a new chapter began in the realm of Jewish thought as well. The works composed by the exiles who settled in Fez were diverse, comprised of the literary genres that had once proliferated in Spain, mostly sermons and commentary. A review of their writings reveals that they were preoccupied with the central theological subjects discussed in the Middle Ages, yet they did not compose their own original philosophical or theological works. They were heavily influenced by the writings of earlier and contemporary Sephardic thinkers; it appears that it was philosophy and astrology in their moderate version that had shaped their worldview. At the same time, they had a strong affinity for ancient rabbinical aggadah, and likewise to the zoharic and kabbalistic literature. Sephardic Jewish thought tradition continued to exist after the expulsion, not only in the Ottoman Diaspora and European Sephardic communities, as is has been claimed in previous research, but in Morocco as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La noblesse du Royaume de Hongrie est un groupe social présentant une très grande diversité. Même l’aristocratie proprement dite avait toujours été composée d’éléments relativement variés. Les présidents de la Chambre de Hongrie, tel István Zichy, avaient presque toujours appartenu au deuxième rang de cette élite sociale. On lui connaît plus de 500 lettres envoyées aux correspondants les plus divers. C’est à partir de cette correspondance et en comparant ses activités de mécène à celles des autres présidents que nous essayons d’arriver à des conclusions le concernant. Nous prenons en considération le soutien pécuniaire qu’il accorda aux jeunes talents et aux artistes, ainsi que sa contribution au financement des établissements (écoles) ecclésiastiques. Nous sommes arrivés à établir que le deuxième (et même le troisième) rang de l’aristocratie hongroise était prêt á exercer une mécénature importante, certes moins généreuse que les noms les plus illustres [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Prace Jezykoznawcze is the property of University of Warmia & Mazury in Olsztyn and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Hidalguía is the property of Revista Hidalguia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of eHumanista is the property of Professor Antonio Cortijo-Ocana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies is the property of Journal of Academic Social Science Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This Perspective presents an overview of the archaeology of pluralistic colonies (approximately late 1500s-1800s) in North America. It complements the other special feature papers in this issue on ancient societies in Mesoamerica, the Near East, the Armenian Highlands, Peru, and China by presenting another body of literature for examining the dynamics of change in multiethnic societies from a different time and place. In synthesizing archaeological investigations of mercantile, plantation, and missionary colonies, this Perspective shows how this research is relevant to the study of pluralism in both historic and ancient societies in three ways. (i) It enhances our understanding of interethnic relationships that took place in complex societies with imposing political hierarchies and labor structures. (ii) It helps us to refine the methods used by archaeologists to define and analyze multiethnic communities that were spatially delimited by ethnic neighborhoods. Finally, (iii) it presents more than a half century of experimentation with various models (e.g., acculturation, creolization, ethnogenesis, and hybridity) that have been used to study the dynamics of culture change in multiethnic societies.

Many researchers believe that prehistoric Rapa Nui society collapsed because of centuries of unchecked population growth within a fragile environment. Recently, the notion of societal collapse has been questioned with the suggestion that extreme societal and demographic change occurred only after European contact in AD 1722. Establishing the veracity of demographic dynamics has been hindered by the lack of empirical evidence and the inability to establish a precise chronological framework. We use chronometric dates from hydrated obsidian artifacts recovered from habitation sites in regional study areas to evaluate regional land-use within Rapa Nui. The analysis suggests region-specific dynamics including precontact land use decline in some near-coastal and upland areas and postcontact increases and subsequent declines in other coastal locations. These temporal land-use patterns correlate with rainfall variation and soil quality, with poorer environmental locations declining earlier. This analysis confirms that the intensity of land use decreased substantially in some areas of the island before European contact.

Dry forests at low elevations in temperate-zone mountains are commonly hypothesized to be at risk of exceptional rates of severe fire from climatic change and land-use effects. Their setting is fire-prone, they have been altered by land-uses, and fire severity may be increasing. However, where fires were excluded, increased fire could also be hypothesized as restorative of historical fire. These competing hypotheses are not well tested, as reference data prior to widespread land-use expansion were insufficient. Moreover, fire-climate projections were lacking for these forests. Here, I used new reference data and records of high-severity fire from 1984-2012 across all dry forests (25.5 million ha) of the western USA to test these hypotheses. I also approximated projected effects of climatic change on high-severity fire in dry forests by applying existing projections. This analysis showed the rate of recent high-severity fire in dry forests is within the range of historical rates, or is too low, overall across dry forests and individually in 42 of 43 analysis regions. Significant upward trends were lacking overall from 1984-2012 for area burned and fraction burned at high severity. Upward trends in area burned at high severity were found in only 4 of 43 analysis regions. Projections for A.D. 2046-2065 showed high-severity fire would generally be still operating at, or have been restored to historical rates, although high projections suggest high-severity fire rotations that are too short could ensue in 6 of 43 regions. Programs to generally reduce fire severity in dry forests are not supported and have significant adverse ecological impacts, including reducing habitat for native species dependent on early-successional burned patches and decreasing landscape heterogeneity that confers resilience to climatic change. Some adverse ecological effects of high-severity fires are concerns. Managers and communities can improve our ability to live with high-severity fire in dry forests.

Based on some arbítrios, this article examines the proposals elaborated by Portuguese vassals that circulated in overseas spaces, aiming to demonstrate how the formulation of Portuguese overseas policy was not necessarily imposed by decision-making centers, but effectively constructed in center-locality relations. The context of the analysis is that of the critical situation after the 1640 coup, a time of war and re-establishment of territorial hierarchies. One of the reached conclusions is that the authority of the Overseas Council was also woven into those relations, and cannot be understood only in a manner inherent to the palace sphere.

This article provides an analysis of Racine’s Bérénice, using data obtained by applying to the text a software developed by the Stanford Literary Lab and based on Network Theory. What seems to be a detail – the presence of mute characters on stage – proves to be a very effective tool for making sense of the whole tragedy.

The inheritance registries (muhallefat) that are the names of the lists including the real estate that left behind by the deceased of murdered people consist of valuable information related to the economic and social life. In this study, the estates consisting of the wealth belonged to Ali Agha, after his death, who was a katkhuda in the treasury of Ottoman Empire in 17th century were investigated. Confiscation means to transfer the real estates of a statesmen to the state treasury after his death. While confiscation had been applied for the statesmen of recruitment origin af the the periof of Fatih, it was applied for all of the ruling class beginning with the period of Kanuni. The wealth belonged to Ali Agha was also subjected to confiscation. With the guidance of the documents, the issues, what were the properties that "The Katkhuda of Treasury, Ali Agha" used in his private life and the privileges that government affairs gave him, were dealt. Income generating assets that make a great contribution to wealth formation consists of the basis of his inheritance registers. Even if the life of The Katkhuda of Treasury, Ali Agha is not stated in the resources, how he had a considerable amount of wealth was announced by taking the archive documents into account. It is noticed in the registries that his inheritance was recorded was prepared on May 1st, 1671/H.21 Dhul Hijjah 1081/M.1. This study, stating the information how did Ali Agha, an Ottoman elite, use his wealth, aims to contribute to the explaining of the socio-economic and cultural history of the 17th century Ottoman World. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Mediterranea - Ricerche Storiche is the property of Mediterranea-Ricerche Storiche and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The name of the Teleki family and their involvement in public life are undoubtedly well known in Hungarian history. One of the most prominent members of the family was Mihály Teleki, the Transylvanian politician of the late 17th century who established the family’s wealth and prestige, but his activities and reputation were fraught with controversy. Starting his career at the court of György II Rákóczi, Teleki chose to commit himself to the side of Mihály I Apafi, serving several Transylvanian princes due to the turbulent political circumstances. The aim of the study is to give a brief overview of Teleki’s career, who rose steadily through the political ranks and held many national offices, and of his related acquisitions of property and court. In the course of presenting his career, I will also discuss how his contemporaries and historiography evaluated Mihály Teleki’s activities, and I will also explore Telek’s motivations and thus nuance the ambivalent image of him in historiography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the role of several elements of the celebration (especially theatre, literary compositions and sacred oratory) in the complex relationship between Jesuits and Dominicans in Manila in the second half of the 17th century. The comparative analysis of the chronicles written on canonization and beatification celebrations of both religions organized in the 1670s shows their rivalry in the field of letters when it comes to demonstrating their doctrinal and intellectual hegemony, as well as in the search for a favorable social position with respect to the ruling classes. The issue is thus part of the battle for propaganda that ultimately resolves quotas of spiritual and temporal power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within their concrete social and cultural circumstances, Cavalieri's indivisibles make up an understandable theory seeking its symbols to explain the infinite - continuous at the dawn of European Modernity. Many of the key notions of this theory survive in today's mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article studies the continuity of pre-Hispanic activities during the Spanish administration in 17th century Peru. By reviewing documents in the General Archive of the Nation (AGN-Peru) and the Regional Archive of Ayacucho (ARAY), we propose that the pre-Hispanic activities that remained in the service of the Spanish included the work of the chakaruraqkuna, chasquis and kachiqipiqkuna, who through the use of the llaqtakupana yachaynin, learned and spread for generations, were dedicated to the renovation of bridges, the transport of mail and the distribution of salt. The llaqtakunapa yachaynin facilitated and developed the transport, trade, administration and mining activities of the Spaniards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article records the bibliographical discovery of a short and completely unknown work that is of interest for the study of humanist medicine in the 17th century. In addition, it examines an unrecorded edition through what is doubtless its only surviving copy. A bibliographical description is offered together with brief comments on aspects worthy of consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article 17th-century notarial documents from Pamplona are examined with special attention being paid to their own characteristics and to what they can tell us about printing and books in Navarre during that century. These archival sources provide extremely useful information leading to a better understanding of the ins and outs of the local publishing industry as well as of the family and professional lives of those involved in it. In addition, different ways of extracting this information and the various types of documents that have been found in the Archivo General de Navarra are examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work studies some of the repercussions of the congregation of Indians on the doctrines of friars and the role played by the viceroys. Likewise, it proposes to problematize the development of doctrines at the beginning of the seventeenth century, a stage little studied compared to the sixteenth century. For this, two primary sources have been consulted: the reports of the viceroys to Madrid and the book of congregations of New Spain, in addition to other documents of religious of the time and councils. The general congregation was a favorable juncture to strengthen the exercise of the royal patronage in doctrines. Consequently, the viceroys founded new doctrines, but above all, they created several dozen assistances with a permanent minister. Although they allowed the continuity of the header-visits model, the viceroys made many adjustments in the structure of the doctrines: they reinforced headers with more Indians but did the same in in various smaller towns. Many of these acquired the rank of assistances with their own annexed towns. The parochial ties between smaller towns and their headwaters were reaffirmed, usually by the viceroys themselves, but also by the Indians and the religious. The friars were urged to fulfill their spiritual obligations in all the towns that constituted a doctrine, and not only in the head. In the future, the impacted of congregations on the parish life of dioceses will have to be analyzed in a more systematic way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an Ottoman map, which in one part shows in more detail the area of the Bosnian eyalet with its surroundings, i.e. parts of the area of early modern Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Its author is Haji Khalifa or Katib Çelebi, an Ottoman historian and bibliographer from the mid-17th century. The map is in the autograph of the first version of his work Cosmography (Cihânnümâ) from 1648, preserved in the Austrian National Library in Vienna. The aim of the paper was to establish how the mentioned geographical area was observed by the Ottoman cartographer, what is the possible reason for the creation of the map and what were the sources of information contained in it. As the map was made during the Candian War, after the fall of Klis into Venetian hands in 1648, it is possible that the author himself made the map with the aim of visualizing the Ottoman border in the Dalmatian hinterland and explaining its significance in the Ottoman centre. Solid precision in positioning and listing local toponyms, the direction of providing road communications as well as the content of marginal notes on the map, indicate that the author probably consulted someone familiar with local circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the centre of my study are two texts from the Petrovay songbook. It is a manuscript that, although long known to literary history, still plays a somewhat neglected role in the technical literature. The collection was compiled between 1668 and 1677 by Miklós Petrovay, a nobleman from Maramureș; we can encounter mainly lays in it, but we can also read many prose writings and contemporary poems too. In this paper, I deal with two works in the latter category, more specifically with the appearance of Miklós Zrínyi and István Gyöngyösi, mostly with the intention of proving that Gyöngyösi was not the genuine writer of Electra's monologue in scene 5 of Florentina's 3rd act. In my opinion he merely used up an already existing spinster mockery, that (or whose common ancestor) can be read in the Petrovay songbook. The literature practically treats it as a fact that the song comes from Gyöngyösi's Florentina, and there is really no doubt about the connection between the two versions, but there is the problem of the chicken and the egg. The two versions were so close in time that I consider it extremely unlikely that Gyöngyösi's own poem would have found its way to Miklós Petrovay in such a short time. Especially in light of the fact that one of the stanza of the poem, though in a slightly different form, is to be found in a third source, a spinster mockery in the Szentsei songbook. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the volume of János Filiczki's 1614 Carminum liber, there are two pattern poems which are not mentioned in the Hungarian or foreign-language scholarly literature. These products of the special sub-genre of occasional poetry did not only adopt the genre standard of the age, but were written relatively early at the beginning of the 17th-century boom of pattern poetry. Therefore, these may also be worthy of the attention of European literary history. From a Hungarian point of view, these poems are especially important, because there are no known poems of this type from the age than Albert Szenci Molnár's two pattern poems. Through the analysis of the stylized altar- and wedding ring-shaped poems, the paper shows the playfulness of this genre. The paper also deals with Filiczki's poem recorded in the peregrination album of István Miskolci Csulyak, and argues that this entry also should be considered as a pattern poem. If this suggestion is acceptable, Filiczki's entry would be the first known pattern poem in the history of Hungarian literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hispania Sacra is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Muzika is the property of Musicological Society of Federation of Bosnia & Herzegovina, Academy of Music in Sarajevo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When it comes to any knowledge of life at Roman Catholic parishes and reconstruction of their economic condition, the Slovak historiography relies almost fully on canonical visitations. As a unit of ecclesiastical administration, the parishes were naturally an organic part of the society; thus, it is important to research the parishes (especially) within the framework of the feudal system in a wider social and economic context. This study addresses an example of Pálffy´s estate of Červený Kameň, which belonged under the administrative network of the Deanery Under the Mountains (Sub Montibus) in the Archdeanery of Bratislava in the Archbishopric of Esztergom, and it shows that so-called church accounts as well as other written sources of sponsorial agenda from the beginning of the 17th century are of particular importance. This archival material has been only rarely approached by any historians, yet it contains valuable information on the economic condition of individual parishes, on management of economic activities at parish properties via officers of local self-government church fathers (so-called Kirchenväter) or on interior equipment of local churches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro is the property of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)