392 results on '"1702 Artificial Intelligence"'
Search Results
302. The role of the predicted present in artificial and natural cognitive systems
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Diamond, Alan, Holland, Owen, Marques, Hugo Gravato, University of Zurich, Samsonovich, Alexei V, Jóhannsdóttir, Kamilla R, and Holland, Owen
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10009 Department of Informatics ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems - Published
- 2011
303. Non parametric, self organizing, scalable modeling of spatiotemporal inputs: the sign language paradigm
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Stefanos Kollias, George Caridakis, Kostas Karpouzis, Athanasios Drosopoulos, University of Zurich, and Caridakis, G
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Self-organizing map ,2805 Cognitive Neuroscience ,Computer science ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Greek Sign Language ,Models, Neurological ,610 Medicine & health ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Sign language ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Markov model ,Functional Laterality ,Statistics, Nonparametric ,Pattern Recognition, Automated ,Sign Language ,Discriminative model ,Robustness (computer science) ,10043 Clinic for Neuroradiology ,Artificial Intelligence ,Humans ,Hidden Markov model ,Fourier Analysis ,Gestures ,business.industry ,Probabilistic logic ,Hand ,language.human_language ,Markov Chains ,Pattern Recognition, Visual ,language ,Adjacency list ,Artificial intelligence ,Neural Networks, Computer ,business ,computer ,Algorithms - Abstract
Modeling and recognizing spatiotemporal, as opposed to static input, is a challenging task since it incorporates input dynamics as part of the problem. The vast majority of existing methods tackle the problem as an extension of the static counterpart, using dynamics, such as input derivatives, at feature level and adopting artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques originally designed for solving problems that do not specifically address the temporal aspect. The proposed approach deals with temporal and spatial aspects of the spatiotemporal domain in a discriminative as well as coupling manner. Self Organizing Maps (SOM) model the spatial aspect of the problem and Markov models its temporal counterpart. Incorporation of adjacency, both in training and classification, enhances the overall architecture with robustness and adaptability. The proposed scheme is validated both theoretically, through an error propagation study, and experimentally, on the recognition of individual signs, performed by different, native Greek Sign Language users. Results illustrate the architecture's superiority when compared to Hidden Markov Model techniques and variations both in terms of classification performance and computational cost.
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- 2011
304. The Effects of Manipulation of Visual Feedback in Virtual Reality on Cortical Activity
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Brand, J, Geisseler, O, Holper, L, Hepp-Reymond, M C, Morari, M, Kiper, D, Eng, K, University of Zurich, and Brand, J
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570 Life sciences ,biology ,2204 Biomedical Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Published
- 2011
305. Harnessing the dynamics of a soft body with 'Timing': Octopus inspired control via recurrent neural networks
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Nakajima, Kohei, Li, Tao, Kuppuswamy, Naveen, Pfeifer, Rolf, University of Zurich, and Nakajima, Kohei
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1709 Human-Computer Interaction ,10009 Department of Informatics ,1708 Hardware and Architecture ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems - Published
- 2011
306. Virtual reality rehabilitation system for neuropathic pain and motor dysfunction in spinal cord injury patients
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Sabina Hotz-Boendermaker, Jeremy Spillman, Daniel C. Kiper, Michael Villiger, Marie-Claude Hepp-Reymond, Armin Curt, Natalia Estévez, Pawel Pyk, Spyros Kollias, Bruno Meilick, Kynan Eng, University of Zurich, IEEE, and Villiger, M
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Rehabilitation ,Motor dysfunction ,medicine.medical_treatment ,2204 Biomedical Engineering ,610 Medicine & health ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Virtual reality ,medicine.disease ,Activation pattern ,Preferred walking speed ,Improved performance ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Neuropathic pain ,medicine ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,10046 Balgrist University Hospital, Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Center ,Spinal cord injury ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes both lower limb motor dysfunction and associated neuropathic pain. Although these two conditions share related cortical mechanisms, different interventions are currently used to treat each condition. With intensive training using entertaining virtual reality (VR) scenarios, it may be possible to reshape cortical networks thereby reducing neuropathic pain and improving motor function. We have created the first VR training system combining action observation and execution addressing lower limb function in incomplete SCI (iSCI) patients. A particular feature of the system is the use of size-adjustable shoes with integrated motion sensors. A pilot single-case clinical study is currently being conducted on six iSCI patients. Two patients tested to date were highly motivated to perform and reported improved physical well-being. They improved in playing skill and in controlling the virtual lower limbs. There were post-intervention indications of neuropathic pain decrease, muscle strength increase, faster walking speed and improved performance on items relevant for ambulation. In addition functional MRI before and after treatment revealed a decreased activation pattern. We interpret this result as an improvement of neuronal synergies for this task. These results suggest that our VR system may be beneficial for both reducing neuropathic pain and improving motor function in iSCI patients.
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- 2011
307. A novel mechanism for varying stiffness via changing transmission angle
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Farrukh Iqbal Sheikh, Rolf Pfeifer, Flurin Casanova, Lijin Aryananda, Hung Vu Quy, University of Zurich, and Vu Quy, Hung
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Engineering ,10009 Department of Informatics ,business.industry ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,Stiffness ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Robotics ,Rotary actuator ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,1712 Software ,Computer Science::Robotics ,Transmission (telecommunications) ,Control theory ,medicine ,Torque ,Robot ,Artificial intelligence ,medicine.symptom ,Actuator ,business ,Simulation ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
Compliant actuation contributes enormously in legged locomotion robotics since it is able to alleviate control efforts in improving the robot’s adaptability and energy efficiency. In this paper, we present a novel design of a variable stiffness rotary actuator, called MESTRAN, which was especially targeted to address the limitations in terms of the amount of energy and time required to vary the stiffness of an actuated joint. We have constructed a mechanical model in simulation and a physical prototype. We conducted a series of experiments to validate the performance of the MESTRAN actuator prototype. The results from the simulation and experiments show that MESTRAN allows independent control of stiffness and position of an actuated rotary joint with a large operational range and high speed. The torque-displacement relationship is close to linear. Lastly, the MESTRAN actuator is energy-efficient since a certain stiffness level is maintained without energy input.
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- 2011
308. A system for sensory motor rehabilitation of the upper limb with virtual reality, exoskeleton robot, and real objects
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Robert Riener, Mathini Sellathurai, Katherine G. August, Sergei V. Adamovich, Daniel Bleichenbacher, Verena Klamroth-Marganska, Saana Jenu, Marco Guidali, and University of Zurich
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Robot kinematics ,Engineering ,Rehabilitation ,1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Sensory system ,Mobile robot ,Virtual reality ,Rendering (computer graphics) ,Exoskeleton ,1709 Human-Computer Interaction ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,1706 Computer Science Applications ,medicine ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,Robot ,business ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Abstract
Technology assisted therapy has the potential to transform rehabilitation options available, and to dramatically increase the reach of today's healthcare system. Yet challenges persist in rendering translational application designs that optimize the full potential of technology and create value for the patient and the therapist. In a step towards optimizing value of technologies for practical applications to support very weak patients who might otherwise be unable to participate in traditional therapies, an integrated sensory motor training station was designed and developed. Inspired by recent neuroscientific research findings the goal of the design was to provide concurrent first person perspective immersive action observation of both virtual and real elements for motor and sensory experience; the system incorporates a virtual limb proxy that can be personalized and actuated by the robot and that is accompanied by exercise practice in peripersonal space for a plasticity promoting experience for the hand and arm. The station uses virtual reality and real objects for visual sensory experience, real objects also provide tactile sensory experience, and an exoskeleton upper limb robot provides assistance to patients. For many patients, successful movement and movement intensity required in rehabilitation is not achievable without the robot assistance. The multi-sensory features of the system promote a top-down strategy for training the upper limb (hand and arm) complementing the robot training; the system is ideally targeted for weak patients and those with tactile or proprioception sensory loss and those who are known to benefit from multi-sensory experiences.
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- 2011
309. Terminological resources for text mining over biomedical scientific literature
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Rinaldi, Fabio, Kaljurand, K, Saetre, R, University of Zurich, and Rinaldi, Fabio
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10105 Institute of Computational Linguistics ,410 Linguistics ,2701 Medicine (miscellaneous) ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,Terminological resources - Published
- 2011
310. Emotion-oriented systems and the autonomy of persons
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Baumann, Holger, University of Zurich, Petta, Paolo, Pelachaud, Catherine, Cowie, Roddy, and Baumann, Holger
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170 Ethics ,1712 Software ,100 Philosophy ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,10001 Center for Ethics ,10092 Institute of Philosophy - Published
- 2011
311. Basic problems in self-assembling robots and a case study of segregation on Tribolon Platform
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Rolf Pfeifer, Kohei Nakajima, Rudolf Marcel Füchslin, Christof Audretsch, Aubery Marchel Tientcheu Ngouabeu, Shuhei Miyashita, University of Zurich, Meng, Yan, Jin, Yaochu, and Miyashita, Shuhei
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Engineering ,business.industry ,10009 Department of Informatics ,Distributed computing ,Entropy ,Dust ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,620: Ingenieurwesen ,Permeability ,Torque ,Self assembling ,Robot ,Transfer entropy ,Segregation effect ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Vibration motor ,Crystallization ,Stochastic motion - Abstract
It has been a quite while since people realized that self-assembly technique may be a strong method to manufacture 3D micro products. In this contribution, we investigate some major concerns about realizing such a small sized robot. First we introduce the concept of self-assembly and introduce examples both from nature and artificial products. Followed by the main problems in self-assembly which can be seen in various scales, we classify them into four groups - (A) assembly constraint issues, (B) stochastic motion issues, (C) interactions on physical property issues, and (D) engineering issues. Then we show a segregation effect with our developed platform as an example of self-organizing behavior achieved in a distributed manner.
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- 2011
312. Private and public in mass media communication: from letters to the editor to online commentaries
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Daniela Landert, Andreas H. Jucker, University of Zurich, and Landert, Daniela
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Linguistics and Language ,Online discussion ,business.industry ,Realization (linguistics) ,420 English ,10097 English Department ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,400 Linguistics ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics ,Newspaper ,3310 Linguistics and Language ,Artificial Intelligence ,Argument ,Models of communication ,Immediacy ,Sociology ,Dimension (data warehouse) ,business ,1203 Language and Linguistics ,Mass media ,820 English & Old English literatures - Abstract
In recent years, the public and the private spheres have been blended in interesting ways. The mass media make the most private aspects of the lives of celebrities public and also the lives of ordinary people regularly feature in their publications. Letters to the editor (and more recently online commentaries) have always been a format for ordinary people to make their private voices heard in public. However, on the basis of data from The Times published in 1985 and from the Times Online published in 2008, we argue that in the development from the letters to the editor to the online discussion forums new configurations of public and private are discernible. This development affects the communicative situation, the content and the linguistic realization of the texts in different, albeit not independent ways. For the purpose of this argument it is necessary to develop a new communicative model that clearly distinguishes between the relevant dimensions of public and private. Koch and Oesterreicher (e.g. in Koch and Oesterreicher 1985) developed a model of communication that relates the communicative situation to strategies of linguistic realization and distinguishes consistently between the phonic and graphic realization of language on the one hand, and between the language of immediacy and the language of distance on the other. This model will serve as the backdrop for our own model. We propose that their dimension of immediacy versus distance needs to be separated into three different dimensions. We, therefore, distinguish systematically between the communicative situation (the scale of public accessibility), the content (the scale of privacy) and the linguistic realization (the scale of linguistic immediacy). On the basis of this model it is possible to describe the traditional letters to the editor as being characterized by non-private contents and the language of distance while the discussion sections of recent online newspapers are characterized by private contents and the language of immediacy.
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- 2011
313. An incremental entity-mention model for coreference resolution with restrictive antecedent accessibility
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Klenner, M, Tuggener, D, University of Zurich, Angelova, G, Bontcheva, K, Mitkov, R, Nikolov, N, and Klenner, M
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1712 Software ,Coreference Resolution ,10105 Institute of Computational Linguistics ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,1706 Computer Science Applications ,410 Linguistics ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems - Published
- 2011
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314. Distinguishing the appearance from the reality of pain
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Reuter, Kevin, University of Zurich, and Reuter, Kevin
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100 Philosophy ,1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,3201 Psychology (miscellaneous) ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,1211 Philosophy ,10092 Institute of Philosophy - Published
- 2011
315. Discourse marking and the subtle art of mind-reading: the case of Dutch 'eigenlijk'
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Sander Lestrade, Rik Van Gijn, L. Hogeweg, Geertje Van Bergen, University of Zurich, and Van Bergen, Geertje
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Linguistics and Language ,Local pronouns in a formal theory of language and communication (Between you and me) ,Semantic analysis (linguistics) ,Subordination strategies in South America ,Perspective (graphical) ,Mind reading ,Contrast (statistics) ,410 Linguistics ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,10104 Department of Comparative Linguistics ,Grammar and Cognition ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics ,3310 Linguistics and Language ,Cross-linguistic use and interpretation of locative case ,Artificial Intelligence ,490 Other languages ,Theory of mind ,890 Other literatures ,Psychology ,1203 Language and Linguistics ,Discourse marker ,Natural language - Abstract
This article gives a unified semantic analysis of the various uses of the Dutch discourse marker eigenlijk. Eigenlijk is analyzed as involving implicit assumptions of the speaker about the hearer's expectations: by using eigenlijk, the speaker marks the plausibility of what s/he assumes the hearer to infer on the basis of their shared beliefs. Hence, the speaker not only recognizes the discrepancy between the speaker's and the hearer's perspective, but in addition, the speaker puts him/herself in the hearer's shoes. The claims are empirically supported by the results of a web experiment as well as by data from natural language.
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- 2011
316. Approaches and Databases for Online Calibration of Binaural Sound Localization for Robotic Heads
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Finger, H, Ruvolo, P, Liu, S C, Movellan, J R, University of Zurich, and Finger, H
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1709 Human-Computer Interaction ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Published
- 2010
317. A tendon-based parallel robot applied to motor learning in sports
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Alexander Duschau-Wicke, Robert Riener, Heike Vallery, Georg Rauter, Joachim von Zitzewitz, University of Zurich, and Rauter, G
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Engineering ,Modality (human–computer interaction) ,InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI) ,business.industry ,Parallel manipulator ,2204 Biomedical Engineering ,610 Medicine & health ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Motion synthesis ,Workspace ,Haptic display ,Robot ,10046 Balgrist University Hospital, Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Center ,business ,Motor learning ,Simulation ,Haptic technology - Abstract
Research in multimodal motor learning in sports is highly demanding with respect to the equipment, especially when the same equipment has to be reconfigured for different applications. In our multimodal motion synthesis lab (M3-lab) we apply visual, auditory, and haptic displays as well as feedback to enhance human motor learning. The demands on our haptic display, a tendon-based parallel robot (TBPR), are particularly high: a large workspace needs to be covered, the robotic device must be versatile, the visual and auditory modality should not be affected, high velocities and forces have to be realizable to render different sports applications, and user-cooperative control strategies should be applicable.
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- 2010
318. Actuated Bivalve Robot -- Study of the Burrowing Locomotion in Sediment
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Katja Dietrich, Maik Hadorn, Wolfgang Schatz, Alexander Gilgen, Agathe Koller-Hodac, Peter Eggenberger Hotz, Daniel P. Germann, and University of Zurich
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Engineering ,Biorobotics ,business.industry ,10009 Department of Informatics ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Shell (structure) ,Sediment ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Structural engineering ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,1712 Software ,Robot ,Experimental work ,Biomimetics ,business ,Marine engineering - Abstract
This paper presents the design and control of an actuated bivalve robot, which has been developed to study the burrowing locomotion of bivalves in sediment. The setup consists of a tank filled with sand and water, plastic models of bivalve shells capable of expelling water and an external actuation mechanism simulating the rocking burrowing motion typically used by these animals. The realistic shell shapes have been realized using three-dimensional plotting techniques allowing testing influences of different shell shapes and surface structures (sculptures) on the burrowing efficiency. Based on the experimental setup, the burrowing process has been reproduced. The results show that this setup can be used to identify correlations in the burrowing process. Further experimental work will investigate the influence of factors such as shell shape and sculpture or the motion sequence on the burrowing performance.
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- 2010
319. Understanding consciousness - a collaborative attempt to elucidate contemporary theories
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Alfredo Pereira Junior, Edwards, Jonathan C. W., Lehmann, Dietrich, Nunn, Chris, Trehub, Arnold, Maxvelmans, M., and University of Zurich
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1105 Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,10054 Clinic for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics ,3201 Psychology (miscellaneous) ,610 Medicine & health ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,1211 Philosophy ,10074 The KEY Institute for Brain-Mind Research - Published
- 2010
320. Body schema in robotics: a review
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Matej Hoffmann, Hugo Gravato Marques, Rolf Pfeifer, Max Lungarella, Hidenobu Sumioka, Alejandro Hernandez Arieta, University of Zurich, and Hoffmann, Matej
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Cognitive science ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Robot kinematics ,Computer science ,business.industry ,10009 Department of Informatics ,Perspective (graphical) ,Mobile robot ,Robotics ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,02 engineering and technology ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,1712 Software ,03 medical and health sciences ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Body schema ,Artificial Intelligence ,Adaptive system ,Robot ,Artificial intelligence ,Set (psychology) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Software - Abstract
How is our body imprinted in our brain? This seemingly simple question is a subject of investigations of diverse disciplines, psychology, and philosophy originally complemented by neurosciences more recently. Despite substantial efforts, the mysteries of body representations are far from uncovered. The most widely used notions-body image and body schema-are still waiting to be clearly defined. The mechanisms that underlie body representations are coresponsible for the admiring capabilities that humans or many mammals can display: combining information from multiple sensory modalities, controlling their complex bodies, adapting to growth, failures, or using tools. These features are also desirable in robots. This paper surveys the body representations in biology from a functional or computational perspective to set ground for a review of the concept of body schema in robotics. First, we examine application-oriented research: how a robot can improve its capabilities by being able to automatically synthesize, extend, or adapt a model of its body. Second, we summarize the research area in which robots are used as tools to verify hypotheses on the mechanisms underlying biological body representations. We identify trends in these research areas and propose future research directions.
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- 2010
321. Artificial ridged skin for slippage speed detection in prosthetic hand applications
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Rolf Pfeifer, Konstantinos Dermitzakis, Dana D. Damian, Alejandro Hernandez-Arieta, Harold Martinez, and University of Zurich
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0209 industrial biotechnology ,Engineering ,10009 Department of Informatics ,business.industry ,0206 medical engineering ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Control engineering ,Robotics ,02 engineering and technology ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,ENCODE ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Signal ,Artificial skin ,1709 Human-Computer Interaction ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Encoding (memory) ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Slippage ,business ,Tactile sensor ,Haptic technology - Abstract
The human hand is one of the most complex structures in the body, being involved in dexterous manipulation and fine sensing. Traditional engineering approaches have mostly attempted to match such complexity in robotics without sufficiently stressing on the underlying mechanisms that its morphology encodes. In this work, we propose an artificial skin able to encode, through its morphology, the tactile sense of a robotic hand, characteristic to slippage events. The underlying layout consists of ridges and allows slippage detection and the quantification of slippage speed. Such encoding of slippage signal becomes suitable for relaying tactile feedback to users in prosthetic applications. This approach emphasizes the importance of exploiting morphology and mechanics in structures for the design of prosthetic interfaces.
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- 2010
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322. Monitoring of mental workload levels
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Cinaz, Burcu, La Marca, Roberto, Arnrich, Bert, Tröster, Gerhard, University of Zurich, International Association for Development of the Information Soc, and Cinaz, Burcu
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10093 Institute of Psychology ,2204 Biomedical Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,150 Psychology ,1710 Information Systems ,2718 Health Informatics - Published
- 2010
323. Editorial
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Frey, Jörg, University of Zurich, and Frey, Jörg
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10236 Institute of Theology ,230 Christianity & Christian theology ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,2209 Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2010
324. On second-order Taylor expansion of critical values
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Bütikofer, Stephan, Klatte, Diethard, Kummer, Bernd, University of Zurich, and Bütikofer, Stephan
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1712 Software ,10004 Department of Business Administration ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,2614 Theoretical Computer Science ,1710 Information Systems ,330 Economics - Published
- 2010
325. Detection of Patterns Within Randomness
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Markus Christen, Ruedi Stoop, University of Zurich, Thiel, Marco, Kurths, Jürgen, Romano, M Carman, Moura, Alessandro, Károlyi, György, and Stoop, Ruedi
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2206 Computational Mechanics ,Noise (signal processing) ,610 Medicine & health ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Plot (graphics) ,170 Ethics ,1712 Software ,Dimension (vector space) ,10222 Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine ,Embedding ,Linear independence ,10001 Center for Ethics ,Algorithm ,Randomness ,Jitter ,Integer (computer science) - Abstract
The identification of jittered regular signals (="patterns#) embedded in a noisy background is an important and difficult task, particularly in the neurosciences. Traditional methods generally fail to capture such signals. Staircase-like structures in the log–log correlation plot, however, are reliable indicators of such signal components.We provide a number of applications of this method and derive an analytic relationship between the length of the pattern n and the maximal number of steps s(n,m) that are observable at a chosen embedding dimension m. For integer linearly independent patterns and small jitter and noise, the length of the embedded pattern can be calculated from the number of steps. The method is demonstrated to have a huge potential for experimental applications.
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- 2010
326. Speech act research between armchair, field and laboratory: The case of compliments
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Jucker, Andreas H, University of Zurich, Jucker, Andreas H, Gloning, Thomas, Bons, Iris, and Kaltwasser, Dennis
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Politeness ,3310 Linguistics and Language ,Speech acts ,10097 English Department ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Compliments ,1203 Language and Linguistics ,Research methods ,820 English & Old English literatures - Published
- 2009
327. Swiss virtual animal pathology: www.animalpatho.org
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Pospischil, A, Ruetten, M, Djamei, V, Mathys, M, Sydler, T, Vaughan, L, and University of Zurich
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570 Life sciences ,biology ,10184 Institute of Veterinary Pathology ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,1710 Information Systems - Published
- 2009
328. A versatile wire robot concept as a haptic interface for sport simulation
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Joachim von Zitzewitz, Georg Rauter, Andreas Brunschweiler, Reto Steiner, Robert Riener, and University of Zurich
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Engineering ,business.product_category ,business.industry ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,Mobile robot ,610 Medicine & health ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Kinematics ,Pulley ,1712 Software ,Robot ,Collision detection ,10046 Balgrist University Hospital, Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Center ,business ,Winch ,Simulation ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS ,Haptic technology ,Rope - Abstract
This paper presents the design of a new user-cooperative rope robot. This robot serves as a large-scale haptic interface in a multi-modal Cave environment used for sport simulation. In contrast to current rope robots, the configuration of the presented robot is adaptable to different simulation tasks what makes the robot more versatile. However, this adaptability and the high dynamics in sports lead to challenging requirements and specific design criteria of the hardware components. We present the requirements on the single robot components as well as the design of the entire setup optimized in terms of user-cooperativity and versatility. The setup includes sensors to measure the relevant parameters for user-cooperative control, i.e. position with a high resolution and the rope forces. Furthermore, an algorithm is introduced, which calculates the distance between the single ropes and the user in order to avoid collisions between the ropes and the user. Single points on the user's body are, therefore, tracked with a motion tracking system; the user's single body parts are then represented by geometrical objects whose distances to the ropes are calculated. The algorithm is programmed in such way that the collision detection runs in real-time. Both, the hardware and the algorithm, were evaluated experimentally in two applications, a rowing simulator and a tennis application. The hardware concept combined with the distance calculation allows the use of new kinematic concepts and expands the spectrum of realizable movement tasks that can be implemented into the Cave environment.
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- 2009
329. Optimized passive dynamics improve transparency of haptic devices
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Heike Vallery, Alexander Duschau-Wicke, Robert Riener, University of Zurich, and Vallery, H
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Engineering ,Inertial frame of reference ,business.industry ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,610 Medicine & health ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Human–robot interaction ,Compensation (engineering) ,Exoskeleton ,1712 Software ,Computer Science::Robotics ,Passive dynamics ,Robot ,10046 Balgrist University Hospital, Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Center ,business ,Conservative force ,Simulation ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS ,Haptic technology - Abstract
For haptic devices, compensation of the robot's gravity is a frequent strategy with the aim to reduce interaction forces between robot and human in zero-impedance control. However, a closer look at the composition of these interaction forces may reveal that the net effect of uncompensated gravitational components of the robot actually reduces interaction forces during dynamic movements, because inertial and gravitational components at least partially compensate each other. This is the case in lower extremity exoskeletons, where less user force is necessary to swing the robot's leg when gravity helps. Here, we go one step further by shaping optimal passive dynamics for arbitrary haptic devices. The proposed method of Generalized Elasticies uses conservative force fields to improve haptic transparency for certain movements types. In an example realization, these force fields are generated by elasticities spanning multiple joints. Practical experiments with the Lokomat lower extremity exoskeleton show the success of the proposed method in terms of reduced interaction torques and more physiological user motion compared to gravity compensation.
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- 2009
330. Featural, configural, and holistic face-processing strategies evoke different scan patterns
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Bombari, D, Mast, F W, Lobmaier, J S, University of Zurich, and Bombari, D
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2809 Sensory Systems ,10093 Institute of Psychology ,3205 Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,150 Psychology ,2731 Ophthalmology - Published
- 2009
331. An expressive body language underlies Drosophila courtship behavior
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Stoop, R, Arthur, B I, University of Zurich, Dana, S K, Roy, P K, Kurths, J, and Stoop, R
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1712 Software ,2206 Computational Mechanics ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Published
- 2009
332. Robust compositional polarity classification
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Klenner, M, Petrakis, S, Fahrni, A, University of Zurich, and Klenner, M
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1712 Software ,020204 information systems ,10105 Institute of Computational Linguistics ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,1706 Computer Science Applications ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,410 Linguistics ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,02 engineering and technology ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems - Published
- 2009
333. A tool for polarity classification of human affect from panel group texts
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Manfred Klenner, Angela Fahrni, Stefanos Petrakis, University of Zurich, and Klenner, M
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1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer science ,Polarity (physics) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Customer reviews ,410 Linguistics ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,02 engineering and technology ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,computer.software_genre ,Lexicon ,Social group ,1709 Human-Computer Interaction ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,media_common ,Group (mathematics) ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Linguistics ,Focus (linguistics) ,1712 Software ,Feeling ,10105 Institute of Computational Linguistics ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Affect (linguistics) ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,0503 education ,computer ,Natural language processing - Abstract
We introduce an explorative tool for affect analysis from texts. Rather than the full range of emotions, feelings, and sentiment, our system is currently restricted to the positive or negative polarity of phrases and sentences. It analyses the input texts with the aid of a affect lexicon that specifies among others the prior polarity (positive or negative) of words. A chunker is used to determine phrases that are the basis for a compositional treatment of phraselevel polarity assignment. In our current experiments we focus on phrases that are targeted towards persons, be it the writer (I, my, me,.), the social group including the writer (we, our,.) or the reader (you, your,). We evaluate our system with standard data (customer reviews). We also give initial results from a small corpus of 35 texts taken from a panel group called 'I battle depression'.
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- 2009
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334. Activation and binding in verbal working memory : a dual-process model for the recognition of nonwords
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Klauss Oberauer, Elke B. Lange, University of Zurich, and Oberauer, Klaus
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Adult ,Male ,Department Psychologie ,Linguistics and Language ,Experimental psychology ,Short-term memory ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Models, Psychological ,3206 Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Artificial Intelligence ,Memory ,Germany ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Reaction Time ,Humans ,Cued speech ,3204 Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Recall ,Working memory ,Long-term memory ,10093 Institute of Psychology ,3205 Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Association Learning ,Cognition ,Recognition, Psychology ,3310 Linguistics and Language ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Memory, Short-Term ,Reading ,Female ,Verbal memory ,Psychology ,150 Psychology ,Cognitive psychology - Abstract
The article presents a mathematical model of short-term recognition based on dual-process models and the three- component theory of working memory [Oberauer, K. (2002). Access to information in working memory: Exploring the focus of attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28, 411-421]. Familiarity arises from activated representations in long-term memory, ignoring their relations; recollection retrieves bindings in the capacity- limited component of working memory. In three experiments participants encoded two short lists of nonwords for immediate recognition, one of which was then cued as irrelevant. Probes from the irrelevant list were rejected more slowly than new probes; this was also found with probes recombining letters of irrelevant nonwords, suggesting that familiarity arises from individual letters independent of their relations. When asked to accept probes whose letters were all in the relevant list, regardless of their conjunction, participants accepted probes preserving the original conjunctions faster than recombinations, showing that recollection accessed feature bindings automatically. The model fit the data best when familiarity depended only on matching letters, whereas recollection used binding information.
- Published
- 2009
335. CAVIAR: a 45k neuron, 5M synapse, 12G connects/s AER hardware sensory-processing-learning-actuating system for high-speed visual object recognition and tracking
- Author
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Serrano-Gotarredona, R, Oster, M, Lichtsteiner, P, Linares-Barranco, A, Paz-Vicente, R, Gomez-Rodriguez, F, Camuñas-Mesa, L, Berner, R, Rivas, M, Delbruck, T, Liu, S C, Douglas, R J, Hafliger, P, Moreno, G, Civit, A, Serrano-Gotarredona, T, Acosta-Jimenez, A, Linares-Barranco, B, University of Zurich, and Serrano-Gotarredona, R
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1712 Software ,1705 Computer Networks and Communications ,1706 Computer Science Applications ,neuromorphic AER system ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Published
- 2009
336. Learning to Recognize Familiar Faces in the Real World
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Lijin Aryananda, University of Zurich, and Aryananda, L
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Robot kinematics ,10009 Department of Informatics ,business.industry ,Computer science ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Image segmentation ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,Facial recognition system ,1712 Software ,Data set ,Robustness (computer science) ,Face (geometry) ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Cluster analysis ,Face detection - Abstract
We present an incremental and unsupervised face recognition system and evaluate it offline using data which were automatically collected by Mertz, a robotic platform embedded in real human environment. In an eight-day-long experiment, the robot autonomously detects, tracks, and segments face images during spontaneous interactions with over 500 passersby in public spaces and automatically generates a data set of over 100,000 face images. We describe and evaluate a novel face clustering algorithm using these data (without any manual processing) and also on an existing face recognition database. The face clustering algorithm yields good and robust performance despite the extremely noisy data segmented from the realistic and difficult public environment. In an incremental recognition scheme evaluation, the system is correct 74% of the time when it declares “I don't know this person” and 75.1% of the time when it declares “I know this person, he/she is …” The latter accuracy improves to 83.8% if the system is allowed some learning curve delay in the beginning.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
337. Generating spatiotemporal joint torque patterns from dynamical synchronization of distributed pattern generators
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Max Lungarella, Alexandre Pitti, Yasuo Kuniyoshi, University of Zurich, Pitti, A, NeuroCybernétique, Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Informatics, Department of Mechano-Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan (ISI laboratory), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)-The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), AI Lab [Zurich] (AI Lab [Zurich]), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), ISI laboratory, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), and JST ERATO Asada project
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10009 Department of Informatics ,Property (programming) ,Computer science ,Biomedical Engineering ,2204 Biomedical Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,Synchronization ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,phase synchronization ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Artificial Intelligence ,Control theory ,[INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO] ,Torque ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Simulation ,Original Research ,sensorimotor coordination ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,Robotics ,Modular design ,Phase synchronization ,Motion control ,[INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation ,causal information flow ,Robot ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience ,Motor synergies - Abstract
International audience; Pattern generators found in the spinal cord are no more seen as simple rhythmic oscillators for motion control. Indeed, they achieve flexible and dynamical coordination in interaction with the body and the environment dynamics giving to rise motor synergies. Discovering the mechanisms underlying the control of motor synergies constitutes an important research question not only for neuroscience but also for robotics: the motors coordination of high dimensional robotic systems is still a drawback and new control methods based on biological solutions may reduce their overall complexity. We propose to model the flexible combination of motor synergies in embodied systems via partial phase synchronization of distributed chaotic systems; for specific coupling strength, chaotic systems are able to phase synchronize their dynamics to the resonant frequencies of one external force. We take advantage of this property to explore and exploit the intrinsic dynamics of one specified embodied system. In two experiments with bipedal walkers, we show how motor synergies emerge when the controllers phase synchronize to the body's dynamics, entraining it to its intrinsic behavioral patterns. This stage is characterized by directed information flow from the sensors to the motors exhibiting the optimal situation when the body dynamics drive the controllers (mutual entrainment). Based on our results, we discuss the relevance of our findings for modeling the modular control of distributed pattern generators exhibited in the spinal cord, and for exploring the motor synergies in robots.
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- 2009
338. Peltier-based freeze-thaw connector for waterborne self-assembly systems
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Rolf Pfeifer, Shuhei Miyashita, F. Casanova, Max Lungarella, University of Zurich, IEEE, and Miyashita, S
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Engineering ,1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,business.industry ,Bond strength ,10009 Department of Informatics ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Hinge ,Mechanical engineering ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Modular design ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,Coolant ,law.invention ,Cable gland ,law ,Thermoelectric effect ,Embedding ,business ,Heat pump - Abstract
We present a novel type of inter-module connection mechanism for waterborne modular robotic systems. The proposed mechanism exploits the thermoelectric effect to cool down and freeze the water between two modules thus causes them to attach to each other. We validate the feasibility of this mechanism by embedding a Peltier heat pump (m = 0.8 g) in two types of cm scale self-assembly systems, one in which the modules are free to move and one in which the modules are linked together by hinges. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed Peltier-based connector has (a) a high bond strength/weight ratio for a rather large range of temperatures and (b) is rather robust against misalignments between docking modules, making it a useful alternative to current connection mechanisms for small scale low autonomy self-assembly systems.
- Published
- 2008
339. The Cyborg Fly: A biorobotic platform to investigate dynamic coupling effects between a fruit fly and a robot
- Author
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Graetzel, C F, Medici, V, Rohrseitz, N, Nelson, B J, Fry, S N, University of Zurich, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and et al
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1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Published
- 2008
340. Tribolon: Water based self-assembly robot with freezing connector (video)
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Max Lungarella, Rolf Pfeifer, Shuhei Miyashita, F. Casanova, University of Zurich, IEEE, and Miyashita, S
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Engineering ,1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,10009 Department of Informatics ,business.industry ,Bond strength ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Magnetic separation ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,Mechanical engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,Modular design ,Cable gland ,Storage tank ,Thermoelectric effect ,Robot ,Embedding ,business - Abstract
We present a novel type of inter-module connection mechanism for waterborne modular robotic systems. The proposed mechanism exploits the thermoelectric effect to cool down and freeze the water between two modules thus causes them to attach to each other. We validate the feasibility of this mechanism by embedding Peltier heat pumps (m = 0.8 g) in a cm scale self-assembly system. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed Peltier-based connector has (a) a high bond strength/weight ratio for a rather large range of temperatures and (b) is rather robust against misalignments between docking modules, making it a useful alternative to current connection mechanisms for small scale low autonomy self-assembly systems.
- Published
- 2008
341. Adaptive reconfiguration of a modular robot through heterogeneous inter-module connections
- Author
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Masahiro Shimizu, Max Lungarella, Akio Ishiguro, T. Kato, University of Zurich, and Shimizu, M
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Self-reconfiguring modular robot ,Engineering ,Robot kinematics ,Adaptive control ,business.industry ,10009 Department of Informatics ,Distributed computing ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Control reconfiguration ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,Control engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Modular design ,Mechatronics ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,Network topology ,Computer Science::Robotics ,1712 Software ,Robot ,business - Abstract
Modular robots are mechatronic systems that can rearrange their connectivity to create new topologies to accomplish diverse tasks. In previous work, we have studied a modular reconfigurable robot (Slimebot) characterized by a spontaneous inter-module connection control mechanism. The modules of Slimebot connect to each other via a functional material which satisfies physical coupling between the ones. Here, we investigate the effect of heterogeneous inter-module coupling strengths on the adaptivity of Slimebot (here measured in terms of structural stability and locomotive speed). Simulation results show that a certain amount of heterogeneity improves the adaptivity of the system compared to the case of homogeneous modules. The only assumption that needs to be satisfied by the system with heterogeneous couplings is compliance to Steinberg's energy minimization theory.
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- 2008
342. How morphology affects self-assembly in a stochastic modular robot
- Author
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Max Lungarella, M. Kessler, S. Miyashita, University of Zurich, IEEE, and Miyashita, S
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Engineering ,Yield (engineering) ,10009 Department of Informatics ,business.industry ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Aggregate (data warehouse) ,Process (computing) ,2207 Control and Systems Engineering ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Control engineering ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems ,Modular design ,1712 Software ,Simple (abstract algebra) ,Robot ,Point (geometry) ,Electric potential ,business - Abstract
Self-assembly is a process through which an organized structure can spontaneously form from simple parts. Taking inspiration from biological examples of self-assembly, we designed and built a water-based modular robotic system consisting of autonomous plastic tiles capable of aggregation on the surface of water. In this paper, we investigate the effect of the morphology (here: shape) of the tiles on the yield of the self-assembly process, that is, on the final amount of the desired aggregate. We describe experiments done with the real system as well as with a computer simulation thereof. We also present results of a mathematical analysis of the modular system based on chemical rate equations which point to a power-law relationship between yield rate and shape. Using the real system, we further demonstrate how through a single parameter (here: the externally applied electric potential) it is possible to control the self-assembly of propeller-like aggregates. Our results seem to provide a starting point (a) for quantifying the effect of morphology on the yield rates of self- assembly processes and (b) for assessing the level of modular autonomy and computational resources required for emergent functionality to arise.
- Published
- 2008
343. Cluster versus grid for operational generation of ATCOR's MODTRAN-based look up tables
- Author
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Michael E. Schaepman, Rudolf Richter, Daniel Schläpfer, J. Brazile, Klaus I Itten, and University of Zurich
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Earth observation ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,Real-time computing ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,imaging spectroscopy ,1704 Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Turnaround time ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Software ,imaging spectrometry data ,Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing ,Artificial Intelligence ,1705 Computer Networks and Communications ,Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing ,910 Geography & travel ,2614 Theoretical Computer Science ,aviris ,business.industry ,MODTRAN ,1708 Hardware and Architecture ,Atmospheric correction ,Grid ,PE&RC ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,1712 Software ,10122 Institute of Geography ,Hardware and Architecture ,Lookup table ,business - Abstract
A critical step in the product generation of satellite or airborne earth observation data is the correction of atmospheric features. Due to the complexity of the underlying physical model and the amount of coordinated effort required to provide, verify and maintain baseline atmospheric observations, one particular scientific modelling program, modtran, whose ancestor was first released in 1972, has become a de facto basis for such processing. While this provides the basis of per-pixel physical modelling, higher-level algorithms, which rely on the output of potentially thousands of runs of modtran are required for the processing of an entire scene. The widely-used atcor family of atmospheric correction software employs the commonly-used strategy of pre-computing a large look up table (lut) of values, representing modtran input parameter variation in multiple dimensions, to allow for reasonable running times in operation. The computation of this pre-computed look up table has previously taken weeks to produce a dvd (about 4 GB) of output. The motivation for quicker turnaround was introduced when researchers at multiple institutions began collaboration on extending atcor features into more specialized applications. In this setting, a parallel implementation is investigated with the primary goals of: the parallel execution of multiple instances of modtran as opaque third-party software, the consistency of numeric results in a heterogeneous compute environment, the potential to make use of otherwise idle computing resources available to researchers located at multiple institutions, and acceptable total turnaround time. In both grid and cluster environments, parallel generation of a numerically consistent lut is shown to be possible and reduce ten days of computation time on a single, high-end processor to under two days of processing time with as little as eight commodity CPUs. Runs on up to 64 processors are investigated and the advantages and disadvantages of clusters and grids are briefly explored in reference to the their evaluation in a medium-sized collaborative project.
- Published
- 2008
344. Real-time microforce sensors and high speed vision system for insect flight control analysis
- Author
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Graetzel, C F, Fry, S N, Beyeler, F, Sun, Y, Nelson, B J, University of Zurich, Khatib, O, Kumar, V, Rus, D, and Graetzel, C F
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2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Published
- 2008
345. Interference-based forgetting in verbal short-term memory
- Author
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Lewandowsky, Geiger, Geiger, S M, Oberauer, Klaus, and University of Zurich
- Subjects
3206 Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,3310 Linguistics and Language ,10093 Institute of Psychology ,3205 Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,150 Psychology ,1203 Language and Linguistics - Published
- 2008
346. Virtual environments increase participation of children with cerebral palsy in robot-aided treadmill training
- Author
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Susan Koeneke, Lukas Zimmerli, Andreas Meyer-Heim, Lutz Jäncke, K. Brutsch, M. Wellner, Marco Guidali, Alexander Duschau-Wicke, Alexander Koenig, Robert Riener, Lars Lünenburger, University of Zurich, IEEE, and König, A
- Subjects
Electric engineering ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Visual perception ,ddc:621.3 ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Single-subject design ,Virtual reality ,computer.software_genre ,Treadmill training ,Cerebral palsy ,1709 Human-Computer Interaction ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,medicine ,ddc:610 ,Medical sciences, medicine ,business.industry ,10093 Institute of Psychology ,Robotics ,medicine.disease ,3307 Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Virtual machine ,Physical therapy ,Robot ,Artificial intelligence ,Psychology ,business ,150 Psychology ,human activities ,computer - Abstract
Proceedings of Virtual Rehabilitation 2008, ISBN:978-1-4244-2700-0, ISBN:978-1-4244-2701-7
- Published
- 2008
347. A paediatric interactive therapy system for arm and hand rehabilitation
- Author
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David Wille, Kynan Eng, Andreas Meyer-Heim, Aniña Pescatore, L. Ottiger, Lisa Holper, R. Greipl, Yves Hauser, Pawel Pyk, S. Schlegel, I. Fatton, B. Ruckriem, Daniel C. Kiper, Edith Chevrier, University of Zurich, and Pyk, P
- Subjects
Occupational therapy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Rehabilitation ,Multimedia ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Usability ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Virtual reality ,computer.software_genre ,Entertainment ,3307 Human Factors and Ergonomics ,1709 Human-Computer Interaction ,Cognitive development ,Medicine ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,Interactive therapy ,business ,computer ,Camera tracking ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Abstract
Paediatric rehabilitation using virtual reality systems pose unique usability challenges distinct from those in adult rehabilitation. These challenges relate to the different epidemiology and aetiology of childrenpsilas disorders requiring rehabilitation and the physical design of interactive virtual reality hardware for children of varying sizes. Just as importantly, children need highly entertaining interactive scenarios that suit their differing levels of cognitive development and thus their differing abilities to comprehend gaming scenarios. In this paper we present our virtual reality-based Paediatric Interactive Therapy System (PITS) designed specifically for upper arm rehabilitation in children aged from five years of age upwards. It incorporates a range of interchangeable position sensing devices (compass, bend sensor, pressure sensor and camera tracking) that can be adjusted to a large range of different hand sizes, and interactive gaming scenarios specifically designed for maximum entertainment value for children. We describe the neuroscientific principles behind our system, the technical details of the hardware components and the design of the interactive scenarios. An initial usability and patient acceptance pilot study has been conducted at the Rehabilitation Centre Affoltern of the University Childrenpsilas Hospital Zurich. To date all patients have accepted the system, and trained in reaching and grasping tasks at a far higher rate than in conventional occupational therapy. The system thus promises to be a valuable complement to conventional therapeutic programs offered in rehabilitation clinics.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
348. Integrated Bayesian models of learning and decision making for saccadic eye movements
- Author
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Brodersen, K H, Penny, W D, Harrison, L M, Daunizeau, J, Ruff, Christian C, Duzel, E, Friston, K J, Stephan, K E, University of Zurich, and Brodersen, K H
- Subjects
2805 Cognitive Neuroscience ,10007 Department of Economics ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,330 Economics - Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
349. Enforcing Consistency on Coreference Sets
- Author
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Klenner, M, University of Zurich, and Klenner, M
- Subjects
1712 Software ,10105 Institute of Computational Linguistics ,2208 Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,1706 Computer Science Applications ,410 Linguistics ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,000 Computer science, knowledge & systems - Published
- 2007
350. The self-construction and -repair of a foraging organism by explicitly specified development from a single cell
- Author
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Fabian Roth, Rodney J. Douglas, Hava T. Siegelmann, University of Zurich, and Roth, Fabian
- Subjects
Structure (mathematical logic) ,business.industry ,Process (engineering) ,Distributed computing ,Foraging ,1702 Artificial Intelligence ,Biology ,Stigmergy ,Models, Biological ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Replication (computing) ,Multicellular organism ,1300 General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Artificial Intelligence ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,Computer Simulation ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Organism ,10194 Institute of Neuroinformatics - Abstract
As man-made systems become more complex and autonomous, there is a growing need for novel engineering methods that offer self-construction, adaptation to the environment, and self-repair. In a step towards developing such methods, we demonstrate how a simple model multicellular organism can assemble itself by replication from a single cell and finally express a fundamental behavior: foraging. Previous studies have employed evolutionary approaches to this problem. Instead, we aim at explicit design of self-constructing and -repairing systems by hierarchical specification of elementary intracellular mechanisms via a kind of genetic code. The interplay between individual cells and the gradually increasing self-created complexity of the local structure that surrounds them causes the serial unfolding of the final functional organism. The developed structure continuously feeds back to the development process, and so the system is also capable of self-repair.
- Published
- 2007
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