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Archips xylosteana (L.), a widespread Palearctic tortricid moth, is reported from four localities in St. John's, Newfoundland, the first records of this species in North America. Adults were found on a variety of ornamental trees and shrubs on the campus of Memorial University in August 2005 and 2006. This immigrant tortricid, a minor pest of rosaceous fruit trees and shrubs, is redescribed and diagnosed. Photographs of the adult male and female are provided to facilitate its recognition. Its worldwide distribution and biology are summarized.

The common asparagus beetle, Crioceris asparagi (Linnaeus) and the twelve-spotted asparagus beetle, Crioceris duodecimpunctata (Linnaeus) are introduced Palearctic leaf beetles that feed exclusively on asparagus. The introduction history of these species in North America is reviewed and their dispersal to and distribution in the Maritime Provinces of Canada are described. Both species were first reported in Canada in 1899 in asparagus production areas in Queenston, Ontario, and other parts of the Niagara Peninsula where they caused serious crop damage. However, we discovered that both species were already found around Quebec City 22 years earlier. Populations now established in the Maritime Provinces of Canada probably originated from southwestern Ontario where most commercial asparagus production in Canada began and now occurs. Crioceris asparagi and C. duodecimpunctata spread steadily throughout eastern Canada by adult flight dispersal abetted by wind, by the dissemination of seeds by birds, and by commercial movement of root crowns and spears of asparagus. Asparagus escaped from cultivation, growing along transportation corridors (such as railway tracks, power utility right-of-ways and roads) and in vacant lands, which facilitated the spread and establishment of C. asparagi and C. duodecimpunctata throughout North America. Now, both these adventive pest species occur wherever asparagus is grown. Both C. asparagi and C. duodecimpunctata are confirmed to occur in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, but not Newfoundland and Labrador. However, C. duodecimpunctata is newly recorded from Prince Edward Island. These introduced beetles are not regulated by Canada or by the U.S.A., and they are readily controlled at economically acceptable damage thresholds.

The investigation of the species composition of segetal flora of the Prut-Dniester interfluve states, that the family Asteraceae takes leading position in the families spectrum. It is determined that during the process of anthropogenesis the species composition of the family Asteraceae underwent the largest transformations. Expansion of the species diversity results from the invasion of the adventive species of North American origin.

Six new aleocharine species are described and illustrated from the Yukon and Alaska: Atheta (Dimetrota) cadeti Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.; Atheta (Hypatheta) pseudomet lakatlana Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.; Cypha inexpectata Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.; Oxypoda yukonensis Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov., Oxypoda pseudoconvergens Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.; and Clusiota antennalis Klimaszewski and Godin, sp. nov.Atheta (Rhagocneme) subsinuata (Erichson), known from the western Palaearctic region, was discovered in the Yukon and is reported in North America for the first time as an adventive species. Amischa tersa Casey is recorded from Canada and the Yukon for the first time. Twenty-four new records of aleocharine species from the Yukon are provided in addition to species described as new to science. One hundred and fifteen digital images of external and genital structures are provided for species identification.

The origins and status of Chrysolina staphylaea (Linnaeus), first recorded in North America in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada in 1897, is reviewed. Additional records from Nova Scotia and Newfoundland are reported which establish that the species is more widely distributed than has hitherto been known. The status of the species on the continent is discussed, as are possible modes of introduction, dispersal, and potential host plants.

Выявлен видовой состав сосудистых растений лесопарка, проведен его систематический и эколого-биологический анализ, анализ составляющих флору эколого-генетических фракций, анализ распределения видов по жизненным формам К. Раункиера и И. Г. Серебрякова, проанализирован спектр эколого-ценотических групп и также групп видов по отношению к фактору увлажнения. Показано, что в составе флоры преобладают виды индигенной и апофитной фракций. Значительная доля апофитных видов может свидетельствовать об интенсивном процессе изменения растительного покрова под влиянием антропогенных факторов и приспособления видов к существованию в нарушенных место обитаниях (синантропизация флоры). Установлено, что 38 % видов являются иноземными, их происхождение не связано с естественным процессом флорогенеза и появление на изучаемой территории обусловлено деятельностью человека. Среди видов адвентивной фракции было выявлено 3,1 % инвазионных видов (эргазиофитов). Эти виды, внедряясь в естественные местообитания с коренной растительностью, распространяются там настолько, что вытесняют её. По широтному распространению бореальные виды преобладают в индигенной фракции, полизональные – в апофитной фракции, неморальные – в адвентивной относительной; в адвентивной фракции большинство видов средиземноморского, ирано-туранского и североамериканского происхождения. По системе жизненных форм К. Раункиера гемикриптофиты преобладают в индигенной и апофитной фракциях, фанерофиты – в адвентивной и адвентивной относительной. По системе жизненных форм И. Г. Серебрякова в индигенной и апофитной фракциях больше всего представлены многолетние травы с преобладанием многолетних корневищных, среди адвентивной и адвентивной относительной фракций преобладают древесные растения. По отношению к фактору увлажнения во всех фракциях абсолютным большинством преобладают мезофиты. По типам местообитаний в индигенной и адвентивной относительной фракциях доминируют лесные виды, в апофитной – лугово-рудеральные, в адвентивной – рудеральные. Во флоре лесопарка обнаружено 3 вида, занесенных в Красную книгу Свердловской области. We identified species composition of vascular plants of forest park, conducted its systematic and ecological-biological analysis, made analysis of ecological-genetic fractions of flora as well as categorizing of plant species to Raunkiaer’s and I.G. Serebraykov’s systems of life-form categories; spectrum of the ecological-coenotical groups and species groups related to moisture were analyzed. It was demonstrated that species of indigenous and apophytous fractions are dominating in the flora. A significant proportion of apophytous species may indicate intensive changes in plant cover under the influence of anthropogenic factors and adaptations of species to existence in disturbed habitats (synanthropisation of flora). It was found that 38 % of species were alien, their origin was not connected with the natural process of florogenesis and their emergence in the study area were due to human activities. Among the species of adventive fraction 3,1 % of invasive species (ergasiophytes) were identified. These species after penetrating into natural habitats with native vegetation spread to such extent that replace it. As for latitudinal distribution the boreal species prevail in indigenous fraction, polyzonal – in apophytous fraction, nemoral – in relative adventive fraction; in the adventive fraction the majority of species are of Mediterranean, Iranian-Turanian and North American origin. According to the system of Raunkiaer’s life-forms the hemicryptophytes prevail in indigenous and apophytous fractions, phanerophytes prevail in adventive and adventive relative ones. According to the I.G. Serebryakov’s system of life-forms perennial grasses are dominating in indigenous and apophytous factions with the majority of rhizomatous species, woody plants are dominating among adventive and adventive relative fractions. In relation to moisture mesophytes are dominating in all fractions. According habitat types forest species prevail in indigenous and adventive relative fractions, meadow-ruderal prevail among apophites and ruderal – among adventive species. 3 species in the flora of forest park are listed in the Red Data Book of Sverdlovsk region

A taxonomic treatment of Eragrostis Wolf for Peru is given. Twenty-three species and three subspecies of Eragrostis are recognized in the study area. Fifteen species of Eragrostis are native to Peru, and eight are adventive or introduced. Eragrostis attenuata Hitchc., E. pilgeri Fedde, and E. magna Hitchc. are endemic to Peru. Eragrostis lurida subsp. contracta (Pilg.) P. M. Peterson & Sanchez Vega, native to Ecuador and Peru, and E. pilgeri subsp. ancashensis (P. M. Peterson, Refulio & Tovar) P. M. Peterson & Sanchez Vega, native to Peru, are new combinations. Keys for determining the species, descriptions, distributions, specimens studied, illustrations, synonymies, and a brief discussion of caryopsis morphology for all native and adventive species of Eragrostis in Peru are provided. The names E. andicola R. E. Fr., E. contracta Pilg., E. tristis Jedwabn., and Poa mexicana Hornem. are lectotypified.

The long-horned beetles (Cerambycidae) of Prince Edward Island are surveyed. Records of 28 species of cerambycids new to the province are provided, increasing the known fauna of this family on the island to 38 species. One species, Pogonocherus penicillatus LeConte, is removed from the list of the province's fauna. Additionally, one exotic species, Rhopalophora tenuis (Chevrolat), is reported as intercepted from merchandise imported from Mexico. This fauna is examined in relation to its distribution within the province, biogeographical components, island biogeography, the composition of the regional fauna, the impact of anthropogenic activities, and adventive species. All these provide lessons to improve our understanding of the biodiversity of the province.

В Новосибирской области обнаружены новые местонахождения семи редких видов растений, два из которых – Polygonum novoascanicum Klok. и Polygonum sabulosum Worosch. являются новыми для территории области. Также найдены шесть заносных видов, три из них – Allium oleraceum L., Laserpitium hispidum Bieb. и Petasites amplus Kitam. – ранее для Новосибирской области не отмечались., New locations of seven rare plant species and six adventive species on the territory of Novosibirskaya oblast were found. Two discovered rare species – Polygonum novoascanicum Klok. and Polygonum sabulosum Worosch. – and also three adventive plant species – Allium oleraceum L., Laserpitium hispidum Bieb. and Petasites amplus Kitam. – are considered to be new species for Novosibirskaya oblast.

The beetles of the family Cleridae in the Maritime Provinces of Canada are reviewed and new provincial records are reported. As a result, 16 taxa (15 species and one additional subspecies) are now known to occur in the region. A total of 19 new provincial records are reported; seven from Prince Edward Island, nine from Nova Scotia, and three from New Brunswick. Three species, Zenodosus sanguineus (Say), Necrobia rufipes (DeGeer), and Necrobia violacea (Linnaeus) are newly recorded in the Maritime Provinces. The bionomics of the fauna is briefly reviewed; species found in the region fall into one of five ecological groups. The composition of the fauna is also examined in relation to subjects such as island faunas, the northeastern North American regional fauna, and adventive species.

The Hawaiian Islands support a speciose radiation of native Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae). This lineage has undergone a classical island radiation resulting in extensive ecological specialization, flight-wing loss, and 100% single-island endemism. We report on the sympatric occurrence of several Mecyclothorax species endemic to Haleakala volcano, East Maui with the newly arrived, adventive Trechus obtusus (Coleoptera: Carabidae), a tramp species originally from Europe. Arrival of T. obtusus in afforested, non-native gymnosperm plantation forest near Polipoli, Maui was associated with subsequent decreased abundance of native Mecyclothorax beetles. Since discovery of T. obtusus on Haleakala, their populations have been transformed through subsequent increase in frequency of brachypterous individuals. Consequences of this transformation to flight-wing dimorphic populations may simultaneously include enhanced reproductive capacity of brachypterous individuals, increased local adaptation of populations, and enhanced metapopulational dynamics ultimately permitting range expansion and occupation far beyond anything observed for the monomorphically brachypterous native Mecyclothorax. Trechus obtusus and several Mecyclothorax species occur sympatrically with Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in subalpine shrublands on Haleakala. Recent sampling corroborates earlier findings that localized presence of Argentine ant is associated with significantly decreased abundance of native Mecyclothorax. Conversely, abundance of the continental T. obtusus is not significantly affected by ant presence.

Reviewing published coccinellid surveys we found that the number of adventive species has increased steadily over the last century while the average proportion of native individuals has remained fairly constant until 1987 followed by a rapid decrease between 1987 and 2006. Seven long-term studies indicated that the total density of coccinellids increased by an average of 14% following establishment of adventive species, but this increase was not significant and in 4 of 7 cases the total density of coccinellids actually decreased following establishment. Similarly, no significant difference was found in comparisons of diversity across all studies. These results illustrate that even with multiple long-term data sets it is currently difficult to make any general conclusions regarding the impact adventive coccinellids have had on native coccinellid assemblages. However, it is clear that specific systems and species have seen major shifts in recent years. For example, adventives have become the dominant species in a third of the assemblages where they are found. Focusing on two formerly common native species, Adalia bipunctata and Coccinella novemnotata, we show they have become rare in their former ranges and discuss potential explanations for this phenomenon.

Weekly and biweekly sweep net collections were made near Blairstown, New Jersey, and Newark, Delaware (both in the U.S.A.), for 12 and 6 consecutive years, respectively. At Blairstown, only one non-native coccinellid [Coccinella septempunctata (L.)] was common when this research was started in 1993, one [Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (L.)] had recently appeared, and two others [Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze)] were detected later during the 12-year study. All of these four species were adventive, having established themselves through commerce, three species at inland ports, and one near a coastal seaport. The most numerous adult lady beetles at both locations were two native species, Coleomegilla maculata (F.) and Hippodamia parenthesis (Say), and three adventive species, P. quatuordecimpunctata, C. septempunctata, and H. axyridis. Six species were occasionally swept at Blairstown - one adventive species (H. variegata) and five native species [Cycloneda munda (Say), Cocci...

The first records from North Carolina, the southeasternmost for the United States, are given for five unintentionally introduced Palearctic heteropterans: the berytid Berytinus minor (Herrich-Schaeffer); the mirids Megalocoleus molliculus (Fallen), Orthocephalus coriaceus (F.), and Phoenicocoris dissimilis (Reuter); and the tingid Dictyla echii (Schrank). The bugs were collected at mid to high elevations (circa 825-2000 m) in the southern Appalachians. Their North American distributions and host-plant associations are reviewed.

Three adventive Coleoptera species are recorded from Baja California, Mexico: Sphaeridium scarabaeoides (Linnaeus), Onthophagus taurus (Schreber) and Aphodius fimetarius (Linnaeus). Sphaeridium scarabaeoides was previously recorded in Mexico City based on specimens collected in 1974, Tepotzotlan, State of Mexico, in 1976 and in Altotonga, Veracruz in 1979. Additional data are provided from specimens collected in Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco and, Veracruz. Onthophagus taurus is recorded for the first time from Mexico, whereas A. fimetarius are recorded for the first time from Baja California. Distribution maps and photographs are included.

Two cicadas previously restricted to the North Island of New Zealand have recently been found on the South Island. The North Island bush species Kikihia scutellaris (Walker) first reported from around Picton, South Island, in 1966, is now found throughout much of Marlborough and the Marlborough Sounds, as far as Kenepuru Head to the north, Canvastown to the west, Grovetown to the south and Robin Hood Bay to the east. We also note a single older specimen collected in 1932 from Torrent Bay, Tasman Bay. Our new data suggest a substantially faster rate of spread than can be estimated for other cicada species, possibly because the preferred habitat of K. scutellaris is pre-existing and unoccupied by competitors. Three males of the second adventive species, the bush-edge green foliage cicada Kikihia ochrina (Walker), were found in one Christchurch street in February 2004. Its restricted distribution suggests that K. ochrina was transported within the past few years, possibly on one of the small garden trees and...

Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 98(5): 658Ð672 (2005) ABSTRACT Two genera and Þve species of valgine scarabs (Cetoniinae: Valgini) are found in the New World, including the introduced European species, Valgus hemipterus L.. Valgus mexicanus Cazier is transferred to the genus Dasyvalgus Kolbe, and characters that support this transfer are discussed. Based on shared morphological characters,Valgusminutus Casey andV.serricollis Fitch are synonymized with V. canaliculatus (Olivier). Neotypes are designated for V. serricollis Fitch and Cetoniacanaliculata Olivier. A key to the genera and species of New World Valgini is provided. Species are redescribed and information about geographic and phenology, biology, and larvae is provided. VALGINE SCARABS (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoni- inae) are small (2.0 Ð15.0 mm), possess a vestiture of scale-like setae, and are most diverse in the Old World tropics. Unusual life histories and morphological traits make species in the group biologically interesting. A Þrm foundation in the taxonomy and systematics of the group will allow for a better understanding of evolutionary processes and patterns, including coevo- lutionary relationships between valgine scarabs and termites, dispersal of adventive species in the New World, and evolutionary mechanisms that affect high intraspeciÞc variation. We provide an overview of the

A key to the species of adventive sap beetles of Hawaii is provided to assist in the separation of adventive species from endemics, and includes the following species: Cybocephalus nipponicus Endrody-Younga, Conotelus mexicanus Sharp, Carpophilus (Urophorus) humeralis (F.), Carpophilus hemipterus (L.), Carpophilus (dimidiatus) dimidiatus (F.), Carpophilus (dimidiatus) freemani Dobson, Carpophilus (dimidiatus) maculatus Murray, Carpophilus (dimidiatus) mutilatus (Erichson), Carpophilus marginellus Motschulsky, Carpophilus oculatus Murray, Epuraea (Haptoncus) luteola Erichson, Epuraea (Haptoncus) munda (Sharp), Epuraea (Haptoncus) ocularis Fairmaire, Aethina (Idaethina) concolor (Macleay), Omosita discoidea (F.), Stelidota geminata (Say), Stelidota chontalensis Sharp, Phenolia (Aethinodes) attenuata (Reitter), and Phenolia (Lasiodites) limbata tibialis (Boheman). For each adventive species, general habits, island distributions within Hawaii, new collection records, and worldwide distribution are noted.

A new element of the Hungarian adventive flora, Panicum dichotomiflorum, has been discovered in Hungary recently. A short characterisation and its Hungarian distribution are presented.

We report the discovery of Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Chiapas State near the Guatemala–Mexico border. This cycad pest presents a potentially serious threat to the many cycads species native to Mexico. SumarioEste es el primer reporte de Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) en la frontera sur de Mexico. Esta plaga podria representar una grave amenaza para las especies de cicadas nativas de Mexico. View this article in BioOne

The vegetation of Pinus radiata plantation forests in New Zealand was studied to examine how the indigenous flora has responded to this novel habitat. A chronosequence of stands about 5, 16 and 27 years was assessed in each of four different biogeographic regions to test the effects of several stand and site factors on the succession of vascular understorey plant communities. A total of 202 indigenous and 70 adventive vascular plant species were found across all study areas, with considerable geographic variation among forests in species composition, species richness (range 48–135 species), and the percentage of indigenous species (50–86%). Both richness and cover of adventive species decreased significantly over time, whereas richness and cover of indigenous species was highest in the oldest stands, and overall species richness was lowest at mid-rotation. The guild composition changed from dominance of grasses and forbs in young stands to dominance of ferns and understorey trees in mature stands. These temporal changes were accompanied by a decrease in light-demanding pioneer species and an increase in shade tolerant, later seral species adapted to a forest environment. Measurements of the degree of canopy closure in stands with low or high stocking and modelling of temporal changes of canopy closure indicated that these understorey plant dynamics are influenced by changes in light availability as stands age. Despite the successional changes within forests, geographic variation more strongly influenced understorey communities because stands within a forest area were grouped together in DCA and TWINSPAN analyses, along rainfall and temperature gradients. Although the canopy species of such intensively managed plantation forests is an alien element in the New Zealand flora, the sheltered forest environment of older stands allows the establishment of a mostly indigenous forest understorey community with considerable similarities to indigenous forests located nearby.

▪ Abstract Controversy exists over ecological risks in classical biological control. We reviewed 10 projects with quantitative data on nontarget effects. Ten patterns emerged: (a) Relatives of the pest are most likely to be attacked; (b) host-specificity testing defines physiological host range, but not ecological range; (c) prediction of ecological consequences requires population data; (d) level of impact varied, often in relation to environmental conditions; (e) information on magnitude of nontarget impact is sparse; (f) attack on rare native species can accelerate their decline; (g) nontarget effects can be indirect; (h) agents disperse from agroecosystems; (i) whole assemblages of species can be perturbed; and (j) no evidence on adaptation is available in these cases. The review leads to six recommendations: Avoid using generalists or adventive species; expand host-specificity testing; incorporate more ecological information; consider ecological risk in target selection; prioritize agents; and pursue genetic data on adaptation. We conclude that retrospective analyses suggest clear ways to further increase future safety of biocontrol.

Monosteira unicostata is reported as established in British Columbia, and thus is a new alien species in North America. It has also been intercepted in Ontario on imported grapes. A description of M. unicostata and a key to the genera of Tingidae in Canada are provided to help distinguish this adventive species from other Canadian Tingidae. This brings the total adventitive Tingidae in this country to six.

P. 111-116 Se citan por vez primera para Sudamérica seis especies de pulgones: Saltusaphis scirpus Theobald, Myzocallis boerneri Stroyan, Macrocrosiphoniella abrotani (Walker), Macrosiphoniella absinthii (Linnaeus), Macrosiphoniella pseudoartemisiae Shinji y Macrosiphoniella tapuskae (Hottes & Frison). Todas ellas recogidas en la Argentina. Se presentan comentarios de cada especie y claves de identificación para las especies de Myzocallidina y de Macrosiphoniella conocidas en Sudamérica SI

Georgiades (1994) records 152 adventive species for Cyprus, out of which the following 16 species were regarded as spreading to natural habitats:Vinca major L.,Cistus ladanifer L.,Tagetes minuta L.,Tanacetum balsamita L.,Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch.Bip.,Corylus maxima Mill.,Iris albicans Lange,Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.Wendl.,Robinia pseudoacacia L.,Epilobium angustifolium L.,Oxalis pescaprae L.,Eschscholzia californica Cham.,Papaver somniferum L.,Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq.,Antirrhinum majus L.,Vitis vinifera L. We reexamined the spreading status of these species and we found thatAcacia saligna (Labill.) H.Wendl. is the most serious invasive species on Cyprus, threatening many natural habitats, invading forests, maquis, gangue, phrygana, marshy areas and agricultural land, becoming a serious weed.Robinia pseudoacacia L. similarly toAcacia saligna, but to a less extend is spreading in forests, maquis, garigue and phrygana vegetation. Apart from the above species, we observed for the first time that the following adventive species (Georgiades, 1994) are spreading in natural habitats, namely:Celtis australis L.,Cercis siliquastrum L.,Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb,Ailantus altissimma (Mill.) Swingle andCasuarina cunninghamiana Miq. The spreading status ofAilanthus altissima threatens natural habitats invading forests and maquis. Further moreFraxinus angustifolia Vahl subsp.angustifolia, Pyrus malus L. andPrunus persica (L.) Batasch are new additions to the adventive flora of Cyprus, recorded for the first time. These three species are also spreading in natural habitats. Also, the problems posing to the environment and to biodiversity are discussed.

Grateloupia doryphora (Montagne) Howe, originally described from Peru, has repeatedly been reported as an invasive species in Atlantic and Mediterranean waters. Various attempts to explain this species' route of introduction have been unsatisfactory. New evidence from comparative rbcL sequence analysis and morphology suggests that this adventive species in the NE and NW Atlantic corresponds with G. turuturu Yamada, originally described from Japan. This provenance follows a well-recognized trend of invasive marine organisms that have colonized the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea from Pacific NE Asia.

The abundance of mymarid parasitoids attacking the two-spotted leafhopper (Sophonia rufofascia [Kuoh and Kuoh]), a polyphagous pest recently adventive to Hawaii, was monitored using yellow sticky cards deployed in several areas on the islands of Kauai and Hawaii. The yellow cards captured Chaetomymar sp. nr bagicha Narayanan, Subba Rao, & Kaur and Schizophragma bicolor (Dozier), both adventive species, and Polynema sp. Haliday, which is endemic to Hawaii (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). The former two species were most abundant at all sites. On Kauai, there was a negative correlation between the captures of C. sp. nr bagicha and those of Polynema sp. Throughout the season, the increase in parasitoid numbers generally followed the increase in leafhopper numbers. C. sp. nr. bagicha and S. bicolor showed distinct habitat preferences. Removal of Myrica faya Aiton, an invasive weed that is a highly preferred two-spotted leafhopper host, decreased the overall numbers of captured parasitoids, but led to a twofold increase in the ratio of trapped parasitoids/hosts in weed-free areas.

The results of analysis of adventive species of the Crassulaceae family from different regions of the Earth are presented. The highest number of alien and naturalized species of Crassulaceae is found in Australia (approximately 50 species). Most of these species grow in New Zealand, North America, and Europe. There are known cases of wild Crassulaceae in Eastern Europe. The following species of Crassulaceae were identified in this region as adventive: Phedimus spurious, Ph. crenatus, Ph. stoloniferus, Sedum reflexum, S. forsterianum, S. lineare, S. sexangulare (wild in western regions of Eastern Europe and naturalized in Izhevsk and others), Hylotelephium erythrostictum, Aizopsis hybrida, A. kamtschatica, Sempervivum tectorum, and others. Data on naturalization of Sedum album L. and Hylotelephium spectabile appeared recently. Our studies showed that, at present, Sedum reflexum is most actively naturalized in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus. Most adventive Crassulaceae can be considered as neophytes or colonophytes (rarely ephemerophytes).

The results of the study of adventive species of Caprifoliaceae Juss. S.L. on the territory of the Northwest European part of Russia are presented. At present, 6 wild and 16 adventive species from this family are found on the territory of St. Petersburg and Leningrad oblast. An analysis of adventive species according to the degree of naturalization from appearance of self-sowings around plantings (first stage of naturalization) until entering the natural plant communities (last stage) is carried out.

Information is provided about the 27 species of foreign Lepidoptera recorded from New Zealand for the first time after 1988. Most of these have become established in this country. Four species (Heteroteucha dichroella (Oecophoridae), Cizara ardeniae (Sphingidae), Papilio xuthus (Papilionidae) and Chasmina sp. (Noctuidae)) are only known in New Zealand from a single specimen, with no evidence of establishment. One established species (Orgyia thyellina (Lymantriidae)) has been deliberately eradicated. Eighteen species are believed to have arrived from Australia, although some of these (e.g. Herpetogramma licarsisalis) also occur elsewhere. Three species (Orgyia thyellina, Artona martini (Zygaenidae) and Papilio xuthus) are Asian in origin. Three species (Agonopterix alstromeriana (Depressariidae), Coleophora striatipennella (Coleophoridae) and Scrobipalpa obsoletella (Gelechiidae)) are European. One species (Monochroa sp. (Gelechiidae)) is probably Palaearctic but has not yet been identified to species.The ...

Harpalus (Pseudoophonus) poncei new species is described from Florida, USA, based on three specimens, all collected in 1963. This species may be a Florida endemic overlooked by collectors or an undescribed adventive species.

Radiation of adventive, sexually reproducing organisms into a new environment has been well documented, but less is understood about the patterns and processes of geographical radiation in adventive species with uniparental reproduction (parthenogenesis or apomixis), usually associated with ‘frozen’ variation within maternal lineages. In this study we have used Pilosella officinarum to test the hypothesis that sexual reproduction becomes important in the radiation of adventive facultatively apomictic species. Within its native Europe P. officinarum is an extremely variable species, with eight subspecies and a range of ploidy levels. Pentaploids are always apomictic. However, early chromosome analyses of New Zealand adventive populations, carried out during the 1980s, discovered only pentaploid, apomictic clones. Similar observations were made in an early 1990s study of the same sites. Since then, a range of ploidy levels, including aneuploids, and a plethora of morphological variation, has been recorded. In this paper, we use a combination of image analysis and chromosome counts to show that sexual reproduction has become an important avenue for adaptive radiation in New Zealand populations of P. officinarum. Current populations probably comprise complex among-subspecies hybrids, and possibly among-species hybrids, which are at least partially capable of sexual reproduction and various forms of back-crossing. Somatic mutation may also play an important role in creating morphological variation. DNA fingerprinting did not contribute to this study because this technique failed to distinguish between morphological types observed in the field.

The endemic large carpenter bee, Xylocopa darwini Cockerell, was the only known pollinator to the Galapagos Archipelago but as early as 1964 locals also spoke of the “dwarf bee of Floreana”. We report the presence of the wool carder bee, Anthidium vigintiduopunctatum Friese, on the island of Floreana and use a species distribution model to predict its distribution in the archipelago. We found that this species has the potential to invade almost one-third the surface area of the Galapagos Archipelago, primarily in low arid areas. Given that wool carder bees are uncommonly collected, we discuss whether this species is a previously undetected native bee or a recent adventive species to the Galapagos.

The egg parasitoid Paratelonomus saccharalis (Dodd) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) is reported for the first time on the eggs of the kudzu bug Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Heteroptera: Plataspidae) in Alachua County, Florida. This egg parasitoid was previously reported only in Georgia and Alabama. Sumario El parasitoide de huevos Paratelenomus saccharalis (Dodd) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) es reportado por primera vez en huevos de la chinche del kudzu Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Heteroptera: Plataspidae) en el condado Alachua de la Florida. Este parasitoide de huevos habia sido previamente reportado solamente en Georgia y Alabama. View this article in BioOne

The last complete checklist of the British and Irish Hymenoptera was that of Fitton et al. (1978). Much has changed in the intervening 36 years, including many changes to the higher classification of Hymenoptera and, of course, the discovery of many additional species. In producing this checklist we (the authors of the various chapters) have tried to provide a useful entry to the literature dealing with the identification and classification of the species involved, particularly for the less familiar parasitoid groups. The checklist also begins the process of summarising data on species' distribution on a country-level basis. I hope that this will serve to stimulate increased interest in this relatively neglected part of the British and Irish fauna. This volume serves as a standard reference point for the British and Irish Hymenoptera fauna, and, hopefully, provides a backbone to recording efforts and the underlying taxonomy. Having an endpoint to this project has stimulated much research in to our fauna, including the critical examination of museum collections, and thus pushed some checklist sections to a state they might not otherwise have reached. Of course, a checklist is never finished. The next incarnation will be digital, and the checklist is already in the process of migrating to a Scratchpad (Hymenoptera of the British Isles), where updates will be maintained as and when changes occur. Criteria for inclusion Additions to the British and Irish list since Fitton et al. (1978) are referenced (with a note 'added by...'). Species have been included that have not previously been formally published as being British or Irish but which are represented by reliably identified specimens in collections. For these species, collection depositories are listed so that the specimens can be traced. Known introductions, occasional or otherwise, including those species that are only able to sustain populations indoors, are also included, but noted as introduced. However, introduced or adventive species are not included in the counts of valid British and Irish species (Table ​(Table11). Table 1. Classification of Hymenoptera adopted in this checklist, with numbers of confirmed British and Irish species in the 1978 and current checklists (not including known introductions that have failed to establish in the wild). Note that the spelling of Trigonalidae and Trigonaloidea, as opposed to 'Trigonalyidae', follows Aguiar et al. (2013).

This paper contains previously unknown information about the appearance and expansion of a number of adventive species of plants new for the Altai Territory. They were discovered in 2008–2012 during the fieldwork tasks of the herbarium Altai State University, Barnaul. One of the species is invasive (quarantine plant for the Russian Federation) – Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. The range was about 10 ha. One of the species was listed as adventive for the first time – Briza maxima L. The species is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental plant. New locations were identified for three species previously found only in one area of the Altai Territory: (1) Scleranthus annuus L. – an agrophyte, a weed that spreads with cultivated crops; (2) Onopordon acanthium L. – a species that spreads in flood plains, along the highways, railways and pastures; and (3) Xanthium albinum (Widd.) H. Schulz – a plant, often seen along roadsides, wastelands and sandy riverbanks; only one reliable location within the Altai Territory was kn...

Adaptive transgenerational plasticity (TGP), i.e., significantly higher fitness when maternal and offspring conditions match, might contribute to the population growth of non-native species in highly variable environments. However, comparative studies that directly test this hypothesis are lacking. Therefore, we performed a reciprocal split-brood experiment to compare TGP in response to N and water availability in single populations of two invasive (Amaranthus retroflexus, Galinsoga parviflora) and two congeneric non-invasive introduced species (Amaranthus albus, Galinsoga ciliata). We hypothesized that the transgenerational effect is adaptive: (1) in invasive species compared with non-invasive adventives, and (2) in stressful conditions compared with resource-rich environments. The phenotypic variation among offspring was generated, in large part, by our experimental treatments in the maternal generation; therefore, we demonstrated a direct TGP effect on the offspring’s adult fitness. We found evidence, for the first time, that invasive and non-invasive adventive species differ regarding the expression of TGP in the adult stage, as adaptive responses were found exclusively in the invasive species. The manifestation of TGP was more explicit under resource-rich conditions; therefore, it might contribute to the population dynamics of non-native species in resource-rich sites rather than to their ecological tolerance spectra.

Composition of the germinable seed rain and the soil seed bank is documented for five sites in temperate rainforest near Auckland, New Zealand, in an effort to understand the dynamics of the soil seed bank. The seed rain added a mean of 202 ± 93 germinable seeds per 0.1 m2 over 15 months to the forest floor in 1988 and a total of 40 species (range 15–25 per site). The source of seeds included both native forest species growing on-site, and adventive species of which most were growing off-site. Species richness of the seed rain was highest in summer (32 species) and lowest in winter (6 species). However, density of the recorded seed rain was highest in late autumn-early winter from high seed rain and massive germination in May and June of seeds from the native tree, Kunzea ericoides, at two sites in the early stages of forest regrowth. Seed germination from soil samples which had been denied seed inputs for 15 mo identified the density (52 ± 41/0.1m2) and composition (18 species, range 2–9) of the...

A preliminary review of the subfamilies and genera of Staphylinidae known from New Zealand is presented, with data on natural history and selected references. Taxonomic changes involving 15 new combinations and a new synonymy are given in an appendix. The New Zealand staphylinid fauna as reported here includes approximately 936 native and 85 adventive species in approximately 178 genera and 16 subfamilies. The native fauna is characterised by the absence of many major lineages (including half of all staphylinid subfamilies), the high level of endemism of genera (43%) and species (>90%), and the radiation of several groups of genera and species. Staphylinid diversity in New Zealand is compared with that of several other regions. The size of the New Zealand fauna of rove beetles is consistent with species number/land area relationships in a variety of areas around the world.

Typha laxmannii Lepechin (Typhaceae) is Eurasian species with uncertain status in Europe. In Southern and Eastern Europe is rather widespread (most likely native to Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine and south-western part of Russia), whilw in Central and Southern Europe its occurs sporadically and ephemerally, somewhere considered a neophytic, adventive or even invasive species, exhibiting a tendency to expand (Czech Republic in 1966, Slovakia in 1968, Serbia in 1978, France in 1978, Italy in 1982, Poland in 1988, Germany and Slovenia in 1990, Austria 1n 1993, Croatia in 2000). The ass. Typhetum laxmannii is so far recorded in Hungary, Romania, south-western Siberian taiga, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Malta and Poland, either as a native or a xenospontanic community. It occupies habitats mainly in old quarries and flooded sand pits, where it grows within semi-natural reed-swamp communities. In 2011 a comprehensive phytosociological of Typhetum laxmannii in Croatia and Serbia has been undertaken. The habitats of T. laxmannii in Croatia are superficial excavations, channel banks, or unofficial waste dumps, with a progressive vegetation succession toward bush formation. The habitats are constantly wet or periodically flooded. In Serbia, the community is developed mostly on wet habitats near rivers or periodical rivulets. The floristic composition is characterized by prevalence of species of the class Phragmitetea and presence of ruderal companion species of the class Bidentetea triparitae. The comparison with the data from other countries is presented and commented. The role of bird migrations in expansion of T. laxmannii from South-eastern toward Central Europe is assumed. In some cases in Western Europe it is spreading by escape from ornamental ponds, where it is grown as a decorative plant.

For the first time for the flora of Uzbekistan is a species of adventive Duchesnea indica . This plant has recently been found in the surroundings of the city of Tashkent as a fugitive from the culture and the territory of the Bukhara oasis as an introduction. Based on the literature data and herbarium materials, we demonstrated that this plant has not been identified as a member for adventive flora of the region previously. Currently, D. indica in Tashkent is widespread and actively spreading. In the flora of Bukhara and its suburbs, D. indica originated as an adventive species under the influence of anthropogenic factors. This species is often found in buildings around the city, near the lawns and in flower beds. The place of origin of the D. indica is areas of South, Southeast and East Asia, with a mild and damp climate. Since the 19th century, is cultivated in Central Europe as an ornamental plant. In recent decades there has been a spontaneous and active dissemination of this species on every continent except Antarctica. Concerning the settling time is eukenophytes D. indica , according to the method of skidding – ergaziophytes, and on the degree of naturalization – epekophytes.

The characteristics of soil seed banks in Agathis australis (kauri) forests of northern New Zealand are presented, and variations in seed bank composition are described in relation to stand age and distance from forest edges. A mean viable seed density of 1118±217/m2 was present under the kauri forest sites. While the seed bank contained both native (77%) and adventive species (23%), its composition was not closely related to that of the extant vegetation. The abundance of adventive and native herbaceous components of the seed bank declined as stand age increased, while that of native woody secondary species remained relatively constant. The abundance of adventive species also declined significantly with increasing distance from forest edges.

Lesticus finisterrae (Carabidae: Pterostichini) sp. n. (type locality: Finisterre Range, Papua New Guinea), is described and characters to differentiate it from other “Trigonotomi” species are given. A key to the genera of pterostichine-like Harpalinae of the island, including all genera of Morionini, Cratocerini, Drimostomatini, Abacetini, Loxandrini and Pterostichini, is provided. The genus Rhytisternus (Pterostichini) is for the first time reported from New Guinea, represented by the likely adventive species Rhytisternus laevis (Macleay). The previously unknown male of Stegazopteryx ivimkaensis Will (Drimostomatini) is described.

The Aleocharinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) of Ontario were reviewed in the context of recently studied material, primarily from insect surveys conducted by the University of Guelph Insect Collection (Ontario, Canada). Aleochara daviesi Klimaszewski & Brunke sp. n., Agaricomorpha websteri Klimaszewski & Brunke sp. n., Atheta (Microdota) alesi Klimaszewski & Brunke sp. n., Dinaraea backusensis Klimaszewski & Brunke sp. n., and Strigota obscurata Klimaszewski & Brunke sp. n. are described as new to science. We also report 47 new Ontario records and 24 new Canadian records. Callicerus rigidicornis (Erichson) and Alevonota gracilenta (Erichson) are newly reported from North America as adventive species. A checklist, with Canadian distributions by province, of the 224 species of Aleocharinae known from Ontario is given. The following species are placed in subjective synonymy with Dexiogyia angustiventris (Casey): (De. asperata (Casey) syn. n., De. abscissa (Casey) syn. n., De. tenuicauda (Casey) syn. n., De. intenta (Casey) syn. n., De. alticola (Casey) syn. n.). The following species are placed in subjective synonymy with Acrotona subpygmaea (Bernhauer): (Ac. avia (Casey) syn. n., Ac. puritana (Casey) syn. n.). Lectotypes are designated for Thiasophila angustiventris Casey, Th. asperata Casey, Ischnoglossa intenta Casey, Oxypoda rubescans Casey, Chilopora americana Casey, Chilopora fuliginosa Casey, Coprothassa smithi Casey, Atheta subpygmaea Bernhauer, Colpodota puritana Casey, Strigota seducens Casey, Trichiusa compacta Casey, Trichiusa hirsuta Casey and Trichiusa robustula Casey.