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The ε-Ga2O3 p–n heterojunctions (HJ) have been demonstrated using typical p-type oxide semiconductors (NiO or SnO). The ε-Ga2O3 thin film was heteroepitaxial grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) with three-step growth method. The polycrystalline SnO and NiO thin films were deposited on the ε-Ga2O3 thin film by electron-beam evaporation and thermal oxidation, respectively. The valence band offsets (VBO) were determined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to be 2.17 eV at SnO/ε-Ga2O3 and 1.7 eV at NiO/ε-Ga2O3. Considering the bandgaps determined by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, the conduction band offsets (CBO) of 0.11 eV at SnO/ε-Ga2O3 and 0.44 eV at NiO/ε-Ga2O3 were obtained. The type-II band diagrams have been drawn for both p–n HJs. The results are useful to understand the electronic structures at the ε-Ga2O3 p–n HJ interface, and design optoelectronic devices based on ε-Ga2O3 with novel functionality and improved performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymer resin-based solid amine are prospective adsorbents used in removing CO2 from biogas. Two commercial resins with different porous structures, AB-8 and ADS-17, were selected as supports to explore the influence of the support structures on adsorbent performance. It was discovered that macroporous channels greatly boost CO2 adsorption at higher PEI loadings (≥ 30%), and their influence is more critical than total pore volume or specific surface area, though their impact is minimal at low PEI loadings. ADS-17-40% PEI demonstrated outstanding CO2 adsorption of 208 mg·g−1 in its 16th cycle under specific operating conditions. Increasing gas flow rate to 200 mL·min−1 could promote CO2 adsorption capacity and initial adsorption rate constant (k0) calculated by the deactivation model. The highest adsorption capacity was achieved at 55 °C, when the temperature ranged from 25 to 90 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, replacing flat substrates with patterned substrates has been considered an alternative way to improve the photovoltaic properties of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) materials. As an anisotropic 2D layered material, rhenium disulfide (ReS 2) is a promising candidate for photodetection applications owing to its thickness-independent direct band gap and considerable anisotropy in electrical and optical properties. Herein, the multilayer ReS 2 film is synthesized by CVD method and transferred to different patterned substrates. The use of the patterned substrate instead of the flat substrate improves the absorbance due to the enhancement of the light scattering effect, which has been simulated and proved by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation. The photoresponse of the prepared ReS 2 on patterned sapphire and gallium nitride substrates photodetectors have been significantly enhanced under 460 nm illumination, and the improved response and photoelectric conversion efficiency may be caused by the strong electron-phonon coupling effect of the gallium nitride substrates. This work paves a technological guide for the performance optimization process of ReS 2 -based phototransistors in the field of optoelectronics. • Feasible ReS 2 film continuously cover the surface of the patterned substrates. • Due to the strong light scattering, the light absorption ability of ReS2 is enhanced. • Patterned substrate significantly enhances ReS2/PSS device and ReS2/PGS device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design principles using branched capping ligands, namely, n-propyltrimethoxysilane-dimethyloctadecylammonium bromine (PDB), were developed to improve the stability of CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dots (QDs) for light-emitting applications. As the PDB ligands polymerized on the surface of CsPbBr3 QDs, this avoided the highly dynamic ligand binding-desorption process, Ostwald ripening, and phase transition of CsPbBr3 QDs that occur with traditional oleic acid (OA)/oleylamine (OLA) ligands. Therefore, CsPbBr3 QDs with PDB ligands exhibited much better stability for air, ethanol, high temperature and UV irradiation than OA/OLA–CsPbBr3 QDs. As the light-induced ligand peeling and nanocrystal fusion were inhibited, the phosphor-converted LED with PDB–CsPbBr3 QDs could retain 82% of the initial photoluminescence (PL) intensity after 436 h of illumination, which represented a 27-fold improvement over the LED with OA/OLA–CsPbBr3 QDs. This is the best reported device stability of a phosphor-converted LED based on CsPbBr3 QDs to date. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS) is a key element required to complete mammalian male sex differentiation. The expression pattern of MIS is tightly regulated in fetal, neonatal, and prepubertal testes and adult ovaries and is well conserved among mammalian species. Although several factors have been shown to be essential to MIS expression, its regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. We have examined MIS promoter activity in 2-day postnatal primary cultures of rat Sertoli cells that continue to express endogenous MIS mRNA. Using this system, we found that the region between human MIS-269 and -192 is necessary for full MIS promoter activity. We identified by DNase I footprint and electrophoretic mobility-shift analyses a distal steroidogeniic factor-1 (SF-1)-binding site that is essential for full promoter activity. Mutational analysis of this new distal SF-1 site and the previously identified proximal SF-1 site showed that both are necessary for transcriptional activation. Moreover, the proximal promoter also contains multiple GATA-4-binding sites that are essential for functional promoter activity. Thus multiple SF-1- and GATA-4-binding sites in the MIS promoter are required for normal tissue-specific and developmental expression of MIS. Mullerian inhibiting substance promoter

All-inorganic phosphor-in-glass (PiG) converter withstanding high power laser excitation has garnered attention for laser-driven white lighting, while its poor heat dissipation and low fluorescence conversion efficiency has been serious challenges in high-brightness white lighting. Herein, a thermally robust PiG film converter with a sandwich phosphor structure and microstructure interface was designed for ultrahigh-brightness laser-driven white lighting. The yellow-emitting YAG PiG film was thermocompression bonded to microstructure sapphire (MS) and planar alumina (PA) to construct the MS-PiG-PA converter. The YAG PiG film possess higher luminescence intensity than YAG phosphor and was tightly attached to sapphire and alumina without microcracks. Benefiting from the double-sided heat dissipation design and microstructure interface light field strengthening effect, the MS-PiG-PA converter emits ultrahigh luminous flux white light (5197 lm) at power density of 30 W/mm2 and displays excellent CRI and CCT stability. The MS-PiG-PA converter has a lower working temperature, higher saturation threshold and luminous efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C27H17NO, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 9.8945(6) Å, b = 8.1838(5) Å, c = 12.2042(7) Å, β = 107.539(6)°, V = 942.29(10) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0306, wRref(F2) = 0.0698, T = 149.99(10) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The microenvironment near the receptor on biological membrane plays an important role in regulating drug-receptor interaction, and the interaction between drugs and lipids on membrane can also affect the microenvironment of membrane, which may affect drugs' efficacy or cause the drug resistance. Trastuzumab (Tmab) is a monoclonal antibody, used to treat early breast cancer associated with the overexpression of Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2). But its effectiveness is limited due to its tendency to make tumor cells resistant to the drug. In this work, the monolayer mixed by unsaturated phospholipids (DOPC, DOPE and DOPS) and cholesterol were used as a model to simulate the fluid membrane region on biological membrane. The phospholipid/cholesterol mixed monolayers in molar ratio 7:3 and 1:1, were respectively used to simulate the one layer of simplified normal cell membrane and tumor cell membrane. The influence of this drug on the phase behavior, elastic modulus, intermolecular force, relaxation and the surface roughness of the unsaturated phospholipid/cholesterol monolayer was investigated. The results show that at 30 mN/m the increase or decrease of the elastic modulus and surface roughness of the mixed monolayer caused by Tamb depends on the type of phospholipid, but the intensity of the effect depends on the content of cholesterol, and the intensity of influence is more significant at the presence of 50% cholesterol. However, the effect of Tmab on the ordering of the DOPC/cholesterol or DOPS/cholesterol mixed monolayer is stronger when the content of cholesterol is 30%, but it was stronger for the DOPE/cholesterol mixed monolayer when the content of cholesterol is 50%. This study is helpful to understand the effects of anticancer drugs on microenvironment of cell membrane, and it has a certain reference value for the design of drug delivery system and drug target identification. [Display omitted] • The intensity of Tmab's effect on the phospholipids/cholesterol mixed monolayer depends on the content of cholesterol. • The change of the elastic modulus and surface roughness of the mixed monolayer caused by Tamb depends on the type of phospholipid. • The effect of Tmab on the A C value is sensitive to the content of cholesterol in the presence of DOPS or DOPE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]