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Reasonably utilizing solar energy to synthesize hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from oxygen and water is a promising and sustainable solution. In this work, we constructed an S-scheme photocatalyst ZnIn2S4/PDA (ZIS/PDA) by loading polydopamine (PDA) on the surface of ZnIn2S4, which significantly enhanced the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers while retaining excellent oxidation and reduction abilities and exhibited outstanding H2O2 production performance (1747 μmol·g–1·h–1) under visible light in pure water, which is 39 times the yield of pure ZnIn2S4. The presence of PDA coating enhanced the adsorption capacity of catalysts for oxygen and improved the selectivity of the direct two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e–ORR) and formation rate by effectively reducing the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) of *OOH. In addition, ZIS/PDA significantly inhibited the decomposition of H2O2 by promoting the rapid desorption of H2O2, which is conducive to the stable accumulation of H2O2. In summary, the innovative ZIS/PDA photocatalyst demonstrates remarkable efficiency in H2O2 production, offering a potential solution for the sustainable energy synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sustainable utilization of regional cultivated land systems in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region over the past 40 years has been severely impacted by rapid urbanization processes. Improving the eco-efficiency of cultivated land use (ECLU) plays a significant role in achieving the sustainable utilization of farmland and high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas. In this study, the spatial–temporal features and influencing factors of the ECLU in the YRD are investigated by various methods, such as a super-efficient SBM model, hot spot analysis, Dagum Gini coefficient, and panel tobit model. The findings indicate the following: the ECLU showed an overall high level from 2000 to 2020; the ECLU varied significantly over time and space in the YRD. The ECLU presented obvious spatial agglomeration in the YRD: southern regions exhibited a concentration of cold spots, while hot spots were primarily found in the east and north of the YRD. The trend of regional differences in ECLU during the research period fluctuated upwards in the YRD, and the density difference super-variable was the main source of regional differences. Increases in urbanization level and GDP per capita contributed to ECLU enhancement in the YRD, and agricultural intensity levels and agricultural industrial structures played a negative role in ECLU improvement. Finally, we suggest that different regions should adapt to local conditions, scientifically and reasonably allocate cultivated land production resources, and promote the coordinated improvement of ECLU. This study could provide a reference for policymakers to formulate better decisions on cultivated land utilization and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Platelets and low-density neutrophils (LDNs) are major players in the immunopathogenesis of SLE. Despite evidence showing the importance of platelet–neutrophil complexes (PNCs) in inflammation, little is known about the relationship between LDNs and platelets in SLE. We sought to characterize the role of LDNs and Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) in clinical disease. Methods Flow cytometry was used to immunophenotype LDNs from SLE patients and controls. The association of LDNs with organ damage was investigated in a cohort of 290 SLE patients. TLR7 mRNA expression was assessed in LDNs and high-density neutrophils (HDNs) using publicly available mRNA sequencing datasets and our own cohort using RT-PCR. The role of TLR7 in platelet binding was evaluated in platelet–HDN mixing studies using TLR7-deficient mice and Klinefelter syndrome patients. Results SLE patients with active disease have more LDNs, which are heterogeneous and more immature in patients with evidence of kidney dysfunction. LDNs are platelet bound, in contrast to HDNs. LDNs settle in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) layer due to the increased buoyancy and neutrophil degranulation from platelet binding. Mixing studies demonstrated that this PNC formation was dependent on platelet–TLR7 and that the association results in increased NETosis. The neutrophil:platelet ratio is a useful clinical correlate for LDNs, and a higher NPR is associated with past and current flares of LN. Conclusions LDNs sediment in the upper PBMC fraction due to PNC formation, which is dependent on the expression of TLR7 in platelets. Collectively, our results reveal a novel TLR7-dependent crosstalk between platelets and neutrophils that may be an important therapeutic opportunity for LN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infrared images have been widely employed in many fields. However, the relative motion between a target and an imaging device and the interference of salt-and-pepper noise lead to the degradation of infrared images. Traditional infrared image recovery methods require an image to be restored as a whole, which leads to mutual interference between the cartoon and texture parts of an image in the restoration process. In this study, a morphological component analysis decomposition method was developed. This method decomposes an image into cartoon and texture parts. Meanwhile, the $ {l_p} $ l p pseudo-norm is introduced to characterize the sparsity of the stationary Framelet transform coefficients and noise, and mask matrix is applied to protect parts that were not contaminated. The proposed method was then solved using an alternating-direction multiplier method. The proposed method was compared with more advanced image recovery methods. The results show that the proposed method has a significant performance improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]