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The structural transition of a single polymer chain with chain length of 100, 200 and 300 beads was investigated by parallel tempering MD simulation. Our simulation results can capture the structural change from random coil to orientationally ordered structure with decreasing temperature. The clear transition was observed on the curves of radius of gyration and global orientational order parameter P as the function of temperature, which demonstrated structural formation of a single polymer chain. The linear relationships between three components of square radius of gyration R, R, R and global orientational order P can be obtained under the structurally transformational process. The slope of the linear relationship between x (or y-axis) component R (or R) and P is negative, while that of R as the function of P is positive. The absolute value of slope is proportional to the chain length. Once the single polymer chain takes the random coil or ordered configuration, the linear relationship is invalid. The conformational change was also analyzed on microscopic scale. The polymer chain can be treated as the construction of rigid stems connecting by flexible loops. The deviation from exponentially decreased behavior of stem length distribution becomes prominent, indicating a stiffening of the chain arises leading to more and more segments ending up in the trans state with decreasing temperature. The stem length N is about 21 bonds indicating the polymer chain is ordered with the specific fold length. So, the simulation results, which show the prototype of a liquid-crystalline polymer chain, are helpful to understand the crystallization process of crystalline polymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new triterpenoid saponin, clematomandshurica saponin E, together with four known saponins were isolated and characterized from the roots and rhizomes of Clematis mandshurica (Ranunculaceae), a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory and antirheumatoid activities. On the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including HR-ESI-MS, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR spectral data and hydrolysis followed by chromatographic analysis, the structure of the new triterpenoid saponin was elucidated as 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-ribopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-l-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elastic behavior of 4-branched star polymer chain with different chain length N adsorbed on attractive surface is investigated using steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulation method based on the united-atom (UA) model for branched alkanes. The simulation is realized by pulling up the chain via a linear spring with a constant velocity v = 0.005 nm/ps. At the beginning, the chain lies extensionally on adsorbed surface and suffers continuous deformations during the tensile process. Statistical parameters as mean-square radii of gyration 〈 S2〉 xy, 〈 S2〉 z, shape factor 〈 δ〉, describing the conformational changes, sectional density 〈den〉 which gives the states of the chain, and average surface attractive energy 〈 Ua〉, average total energy 〈 U〉, average force 〈 f〉 probed by the spring, which characterize the thermodynamic properties, are calculated in the stimulant process. Remarkably, distinguishing from the case in linear chains that there only exists one long plateau in the curve of 〈 f〉, the force plateau in our study for star chains is multiple, denoting different steps of desorption, and this agrees well with the experimental results in essence. We find during the tensile process, there are three characteristic distances Zc, Zt and Z0 from the attractive surface, and these values vary with N. When Z = Zc, the chain is stripped from the surface, but due to the form of wall-monomer interaction, the surface retains weak influence on the chain till Z = Zc. From Z = Zt, parameters 〈 Ua〉, 〈 U〉 and 〈 f〉 respectively reach a stable value, while the shape and the size of the chain still need adjustments after Zt till Z0 to reach their equilibrium states. Specifically, for short chain of N = 41, Zt and Z0 are incorporated. These results may help us to deepen the knowledge about the elastic behavior of adsorbed star polymer chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tamarix taklamakanensis M. T. Liu is a perennial shrub that is highly tolerant to drought and can be used as an ideal material for investigating the molecular mechanisms of drought resistance. Here, we revealed the response of T. taklamakanensis to drought stress and rehydration treatment through physiological, transcriptomic and metabolic analyses. T. taklamakanensis seedlings were subjected to 0 (D0), 7 (D7) and 14 (D14) days of progressive drought stress followed by rewatering for 10 days (R10). These results indicated that drought stress influenced the plant phenotypic characteristics, physiological traits and enzyme activities. A total of 1618, 2716 and 485 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in D7/D0, D14/D0 and R10/D0 were identified. These DEGs were involved in tryptophan and α-linolenic acid metabolism, flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. The contents of lipids and organic acids increased under drought for 7 days. Most alkaloids, amino acids and their derivatives, lignans and coumarins were increased under drought for 14 days and rewatering for 10 days. T. taklamakanensis responds to drought conditions by regulating the cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis, the flavonoid pathway and α-linolenic acid metabolism, and responds to rewatering conditions by regulating the flavonoid pathway and α-linolenic acid metabolism, which provides reference data for further understanding the regulatory mechanism of drought tolerance in Tamarix. • A total of 1618, 2716 and 485DEGs were identified in D7/D0, D14/D0 and R10/D0. • RNA-seq and metabolome analysis of Tamarix under drought and rewatering conditions. • Many DEGs and DAMs involved in flavonoid and α-linolenic acid metabolism pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adventitious root (AR) development is an extremely complex biological process that is affected by many intrinsic factors and extrinsic stimuli. Some WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) transcription factors have been reported to play important roles in AR development, but their functional relationships with auxin signaling are poorly understood, especially the developmental plasticity of roots in response to adversity stress. Here, we identified that the WOX11/12a– SMALL AUXIN UP RNA36 (SAUR36) module mediates AR development through the auxin pathway in poplar, as well as under salt stress. PagWOX11/12a displayed inducible expression during AR development, and overexpression of PagWOX11/12a significantly promoted AR development and increased salt tolerance in poplar, whereas dominant repression of PagWOX11/12a produced the opposite phenotype. PagWOX11/12a proteins directly bind to the SAUR36 promoter to regulate SAUR36 transcription, and this binding was enhanced during salt stress. Genetic modification of PagWOX11/12a–PagSAUR36 expression revealed that the PagWOX11/12a –PagSAUR36 module is crucial for controlling AR development via the auxin pathway. Overall, our results indicate that a novel WOX11 –SAUR –auxin signaling regulatory module is required for AR development in poplar. These findings provide key insights and a better understanding of the involvement of WOX11 in root developmental plasticity in saline environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the overburden strata movement law of a paste-like backfill coal mining face, a self-developed mine pressure sensor was applied to the mine strata pressure observation of No. 81006 paste-like backfill coal mining face in Caozhuang Mine. A distribution law of advance support pressure in No. 81006 coal mining face was obtained, including vertical stress within the backfilled mass and the roof and floor convergence value within the backfilled area. The results showed that an influence scope of the advance support pressure was about 10 m and a stress filed in front of the coal wall was in single elastic stress distribution. The max convergence value of the roof to floor within the backfilled area was about 104 mm and the compression ratio of the backfilled mass was 5.2%. After the stress gauge in the backfilled mass was in a stable state, the stress was 15.06 MPa and was close to the in-situ rock stress of 13.75 MPa. A roof connection effect of the backfilled mass was good and the backfill mass could support full weight of the overburden strata. After coal mining face was backfilled, the mine strata pressure behavior was weak, the overburden strata was sable and expected effect was reached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) play critical roles in several types of environmental stresses. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms in response to salt stress are still largely unknown. In this study, we examined the salt-induced transcriptional responses of ThHSFA1-ThWRKY4 in Tamarix hispida and their functions and regulatory mechanisms in salt tolerance. ThHSFA1 protein acts as an upstream regulator that can directly activate ThWRKY4 expression by binding to the heat shock element (HSE) of the ThWRKY4 promoter using yeast one-hybrid (Y1H), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and dual-luciferase reporter assays. ThHSFA1 and ThWRKY4 expression was significantly induced by salt stress and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment in the roots and leaves of T. hispida. ThHSFA1 is a nuclear-localized protein with transactivation activity at the C-terminus. Compared to nontransgenic plants, transgenic plants overexpressing ThHSFA1 displayed enhanced salt tolerance and exhibited reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and increased antioxidant enzyme activity levels under salt stress. Therefore, we further concluded that ThHSFA1 mediated the regulation of ThWRKY4 in response to salt stress in T. hispida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study in detail the modulation instabilities (MIs) in nonlinear two-core optical fibers (TCFs) in the presence of fourth-order dispersion (FOD) by considering the symmetric and antisymmetric CW states. The analytical instability gain spectra with the FOD are shown explicitly. For the symmetric CW state, in the normal (anomalous) dispersion regime, the positive (negative) FOD reduces the original MI band, and the negative (positive) FOD can generate a completely new dominate MI band in the very high frequency range even with quite small amplitude of FOD for typical TCF parameters. For the antisymmetric CW state, in the normal dispersion regime, there is no MI without FOD. With the negative FOD, MI is generated at any given total powers. In the anomalous dispersion regime, being similar with the behaviors for symmetric CW state, the positive (negative) FOD effect is to reduce the original MI band, and the negative (positive) FOD can generate a completely new dominate MI band in the very high frequency range. We also verify our MI analysis by solving the coupled-mode equations numerically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C16H18N4O8, monoclinic, C2/m (no. 12), a = 14.517(4) Å, b = 18.006(7) Å, c = 6.916(3) Å, β = 116.97(3)°, V = 1611.2(11) ų, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0497, wRref(F²) = 0.1387, T = 296(2) K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C16H18N4O8, monoclinic, C2/m (no. 12), a = 14.517(4) Å, b = 18.006(7) Å, c = 6.916(3) Å, β = 116.97(3)°, V = 1611.2(11) ų, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0497, wRref(F²) = 0.1387, T = 296(2) K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To analyze the clinical characteristics and chemo-resistance related factors of patients with resistant and non-resistant endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (ovarian clear cell carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma) by reviewing the data of epithelial ovarian cancer patients who received initial treatment in our hospital over a 12-year period. Results: Among the 304 patients, 17.1% were seen with platinum-based drug resistance. The ROC curve of continuous variables was drawn according to resistance situation, then they were grouped by age (< 48 or ≥ 48 years), tumor size (< 7 cm or ≥ 7 cm) and Ca125 (< 90 and ≥ 90 U/ml). In univariate analysis, age ≥ 48 years, initial symptom of abdominal distension or weight loss, abnormal preoperative serum Ca125, Ca125 < 90 U/ml, advanced FIGO stage, absence of endometriosis, bilateral tumors, lack of lymphadenectomy, positive lymph nodes, unsatisfactory initial cytoreduction surgery and history of breast cancer were all related to drug resistance in ovarian cancer. In multivariate analysis, advanced stage, lack of lymphadenectomy, positive lymph nodes and history of breast cancer were independent risk factors related to platinum-based drug resistance (P < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients of endometriosis-related ovarian cancer, platinum-based drug resistance were associated with advanced FIGO stage, lack of lymphadenectomy, positive lymph nodes and history of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The polymer translocation through a nanopore from a donor space (or named cis side) to a receiver space (trans side) in the chaperone-induced crowded environment has attracted increasing attention in recent years due to its significance in biological systems and technological applications. In this work, we mainly focus on the effects of chaperone concentration and chaperone-polymer interaction on the polymer translocation. By assuming the polymer translocation to be a quasi-equilibrium process, the free energy F of the polymer can be estimated by Rosenbluth-Rosenbluth method and then the translocation time τ can be calculated by Fokker-Plank equation based on the obtained free energy landscape. Our calculation results show that the translocation time can be controlled by independently tuning the chaperone concentration and chaperone-polymer interaction at the cis side or the trans side. There exists a critical chaperone-polymer attraction ε*=−0.2 at which the volume exclusion and interaction effects of the chaperone can balance each other. Additionally, we also find that at large chaperone-polymer attraction, the translocation time is mainly governed by the diffusion coefficient of the polymer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four categories of globular proteins, including all-α, all-β, α + β, and α/β types, are simplified as the off-lattice HNP model involving the secondary-structural information of each protein. The propensity of three types of residues, i.e., H, N, and P to form a secondary structure is investigated based on 146 protein samples. We find that P residues are easy to form α-helices, whereas H residues have a higher tendency to construct β-sheets. The statistical analysis also indicates that the occurrence of P residues is invariably higher than that of H residues, which is independent of protein category. Changes in bond- and non-bonded potential energies of all protein samples under a wide temperature range are presented by coarse-grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The simulation results clearly show a linear relationship between the bond-stretching/bending potential energy and the reduced temperature. The bond-torsional and non-bonded potential energies show distinct transitions with temperature. The bond-torsional energy increases to the maximum and then decreases with the increase of temperature, which is opposite to the change in non-bonded potential energy. The transition temperature of non-bonded potential energy is independent of the protein category, while that of bond-torsional energy is closely related to the protein secondary structure, i.e., α-helix or β-sheet. The quantitatively bonded- and semi-quantitatively non-bonded potential energy of 24 α + β and 23 α/β protein samples are successfully predicted according to the statistical results obtained from MD simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze in detail the effects of the intermode nonlinearity (IEMN) and intramode nonlinearity (IRMN) on modulation instability (MI) in randomly birefringent two-mode optical fibers (RB-TMFs). In the anomalous dispersion regime, the MI gain enhances significantly as the IEMN and IRMN coefficients increases. In the normal dispersion regime, MI can be generated without the differential mode group delay (DMGD) effect, as long as the IEMN coefficient between two distinct modes is above a critical value, or the IRMN coefficient inside a mode is below a critical value. This critical IEMN (IRMN) coefficient depends strongly on the given IRMN (IEMN) coefficient and DMGD for a given nonlinear RB-TMF structure, and is independent on the input total power, the power ratio distribution and the group velocity dispersion (GVD) ratio between the two modes. On the other hand, in contrast to the MI band arising from the pure effect of DMGD in the normal dispersion regime, where MI vanishes after a critical total power, the generated MI band under the combined effects of IEMN and IRMN without DMGD exists for any total power and enhances with the total power. The MI analysis is verified numerically by launching perturbed continuous waves (CWs) with wave propagation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing attention has been attached to the risk assessment and fragility analysis of envelopes of high-rise buildings subjected to the impact of wind-borne debris in hurricanes or typhoons. A probabilistic model of wind-borne debris is proposed in the present paper for risk assessment and fragility analysis of high-building curtain walls based on the numerical solution of three-dimensional flight trajectories of debris and the computational fluid dynamics simulation of local wind environment in a residential area. The influence of sources of randomness in the generation of debris, such as generated location, size, and initial attack angle, as well as local wind environment, on the location of debris impacting on the building curtain wall and the impact damage effect, are considered in the proposed model. The evolution of the probability characteristics of debris is driven by its physical flying behavior in the local wind environment, and the failure probability of each piece of glass of building curtain walls impacted by debris can be determined. Furthermore, a numerical algorithm is given for the fragility analysis under different incoming wind speeds, which can be used to determine the vulnerability and the fragility curve. Finally, two numerical examples for application to residential areas are provided. Results show that the proposed model can provide evaluation and prediction for wind disaster risk and fragility of high-rise buildings in urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel framework called MO-MPINN is proposed to solve the DR-PDEE with unknown spatio-temporal-dependent coefficients. • The proposed MO-MPINN can simultaneously predict the evolution of time-varying coefficients and PDF of QoI. • A network architecture with multiple parallel subnetworks with each one corresponding to a different output is employed to reduce the training complexity. • Multiple physical laws are embedded in the loss function to ensure an accurate representation of the underlying principles. • The presented method can be applied to high-dimensional linear and nonlinear systems involving double randomness in structural parameters and excitations. The Dimension-Reduced Probability Density Evolution Equation (DR-PDEE) offers a promising approach for evaluating probability density evolution in stochastic dynamical systems. Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are well-suited for solving DR-PDEE due to their ability to encode physical laws into the learning process. However, challenges arise from the spatio-temporal-dependence of unknown intrinsic drift and diffusion coefficients, which drive DR-PDEE, along with their derivatives. To address these challenges, a novel framework called Multi-Output Multi-Physics-Informed Neural Network (MO-MPINN) is proposed to predict the evolution of time-varying coefficients and response probability density simultaneously. MO-MPINN features multiple output neurons, eliminating the necessity for distinct identification of unknown spatio-temporal-dependent coefficients separately. It uses parallel subnetworks to reduce training complexity and embeds multiple physical laws in the loss function to ensure an accurate representation of the underlying principles. Leveraging automatic differentiation, MO-MPINN efficiently computes derivatives of coefficients without resorting to numerical differentiation. The framework is applicable to high-dimensional stochastic nonlinear systems with double randomness in structural parameters and excitations. Several structures are presented to validate the performance of the MO-MPINN. This study introduces a new paradigm for solving partial differential equations involving differentiation of spatio-temporal-dependent coefficients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the effect and mechanism of Radix Isatidis polysaccharide (RIP) on obesity. Methods High fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats and the MDI-induced 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells were established to evaluate the ameliorated obesity effect and mechanism from RIP. Key findings Experiments in vivo show that oral administration of RIP has significant preventive effects on HFD-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in rats. With treatment of RIP (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg BW), the body weight, fat accumulation, adipocyte cell size, serum lipid levels and antioxidant enzyme activity were progressively improved. On the other hand, the treatment of 3T3-L1 cells with RIP (25, 50 and 100 mg/L) led to a decrease in lipid accumulation and glucose consumption. In addition, during adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells, RIP remarkably down-regulated mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Furthermore, after RIP treatment, the protein expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, HMG-CoA reductase and acetyl-CoA synthetase-1 (AceCS1) were significantly decreased and the expression of p-AMPK was increased. Conclusion These results highlight the potential of RIP for obesity interventions and suggest that RIP inhibited adipocyte differentiation and lipid synthesis by activating adenosine 5ʹ-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling pathway and down-regulating the expression of major adipogenic transcription factors, PPARγ, C/EBPα, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on an equivparticle model, we investigate the in-medium quark condensate in neutron stars. Carrying out a Taylor expansion of the nuclear binding energy to the order of ρ 3 , we obtain a series of EOSs for neutron star matter, which are confronted with the latest nuclear and astrophysical constraints. The in-medium quark condensate is then extracted from the constrained properties of neutron star matter, which decreases non-linearly with density. However, the chiral symmetry is only partially restored with non-vanishing quark condensates, which may vanish at a density that is out of reach for neutron stars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

NAC transcription factors play a significant role in regulating plant responses to biological processes and environmental stresses. Our previous study revealed 21 ThNAC proteins, and ThNAC13 is a nuclear protein that responds to saline stress in Tamarix hispida. To determine whether ThNAC13 regulates downstream genes, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq) were used to identify the binding sites of ThNAC13 at the whole-genome level. In RNAi-silenced ThNAC13 transgenic Tamarix , a total of 4 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 114 peaks strongly associated with four different motifs were identified compared with those in empty vector transgenic Tamarix under salt stress. The c48149.graph_c0 gene contains the key domain of the phloem protein 2 (PP2) protein and is a candidate gene downstream of ThNAC13. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H), chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual-luciferase reporter (LUC) assays were used to identify ThNAC13 as an upstream regulator of ThPP2. Transgenic Tamarix plants in which ThPP2 was transiently expressed or silenced via RNAi were used for functional gain and loss experiments. The ThPP2- overexpressing plants exhibited decreased hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2), superoxide (O 2 •−), and electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activity. In contrast, transient RNAi-mediated silencing of ThPP2 in Tamarix had the opposite effect. ThNAC13 binds to the promoter region of the ThPP2 gene and reduces the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and enhances antioxidant enzyme activity, positively regulating salt stress tolerance in Tamarix. • 4 down-regulated DEGs and 4 different motifs were identified in RNAi-silenced ThNAC13 compare with empty vector transgenic Tamarix under salt stress. • The phloem protein 2 (PP2) protein as a downstream gene by ThNAC13 TFs. • Overexpression of ThPP2 Tamarix decreased the contents of H 2 O 2 , O 2 •−, EL and MDA; induced the activities of SOD, POD and CAT. • In contrast, transiently RNAi-silenced ThPP2 Tamarix showed the opposite result. • ThNAC13 binds to ThPP2 gene through reduces the ROS accumulation and enhances antioxidant enzyme activity to improve salt stress tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For human telomerase RNA(hTR) pseudoknot PK WT and its mutants PK △U177 , PK 179AG/110CU, PK DC , the cotranscriptional folding kinetics are quite different from refolding, which causes different levels of telomerase activity. For PK DC , the absence of pseudoknot causes the reduction in telomerase activity. And it is also found that the population of intermediates during cotranscriptional folding largely depend on the cotranscription rate. [Display omitted] • For human telomerase RNA(hTR) pseudoknot PK WT , three intermediates have been found in cotranscriptional folding. • For PK △U177 , the population of the pseudoknot are smaller, which causes the telomerase activity more weaker. For PK DC , the native structure is a stable long helix. • The population of intermediates during cotranscriptional folding largely depend on the cotranscription rate. We investigate and compare the refolding and cotranscriptional folding process of RNA pseudoknot including PK5 pseudoknot, human telomerase RNA (hTR) pseudoknot and its mutants by using helix-based transition rate model and master equation. It is found that in the refolding process, the final states for PK WT and two mutants PK 179AG/110CU and PK △U177 are all pseudoknots. However, the final state of mutant PK DC is a stable long helix. Furthermore, the cotranscriptional folding intermediates are quite different from refolding ones. The intermediate found in refolding process for PK WT is also shown during cotranscription. For PK 179AG/110CU, the two intermediates in refolding are not found in cotranscriptional folding. For PK △U177 , only one of the intermediates found in refolding is not observed in cotranscription. For PK DC , the unfolding sequence in the refolding process directly transits to native helix. Two intermediates are found during cotranscription. The populations of intermediates and native structure also depend on the cotranscriptional folding rate. All these findings can offer useful insights into cotranscription folding of hTR pseudoknot with different rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary of main observation and conclusion: A new class of indole‐based allylic donors have been designed and developed for palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative allylations. In addition, the first application of these indole‐based allylic donors in palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative [3+2] cycloaddition and allylic amination has been achieved by reacting with isocyanates and sulfonyl amines, respectively. This approach represents the first design of indole‐based allylic donors, which is helpful for settling the challenge of designing and developing new class of heterocycle‐based allylic donors for Pd‐catalyzed decarboxylative allylation reactions. Moreover, the application of this new class of allylic donors in cycloadditions and substitutions will add new contents to the research field of decarboxylative allylation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the sintering mechanism and property of ZnO–V 2 O 5 –MnCO 3 –Nb 2 O 5 (ZnVMnNbO) varistor ceramic and their evolution by Ce–La dopant. The XRD, SEM, EBSD and TEM results show MnZn 2 Nb 2 O 8 has a similar effect as ZnV 2 O 4 and Zn 3 (VO 4) 2 on contributing to the formation of Vanadium (V)-rich liquid phase and promoting the sintering of ZnVMnNbO ceramic. Oppositely, ZnMn 2 O 4 particle phase can only postpone sintering by pinning the growth of ZnO grains. Adding Ce–La dopant leads to forming Ce(La)VO 4 intergranular particle phase that further hinders the sintering of the ceramic. This conclusion agrees with the result of the following kinetics study that shows the grain-growth exponent and apparent activation energy of ZnVMnNbO ceramic increasing from 2.39 and 186 KJ mol-1 to 2.95 and 263 KJ mol-1 with the addition of Ce–La dopant. Meanwhile, the electrical properties of the Ce–La doped ZnVMnNbO varistor ceramics are generally better than its Rare Earth (RE)-free counterparts. Sintering at 875 °C for 3 h can increase the nonlinear coefficient of Ce–La doped ZnVMnNbO varistor ceramic to its highest value of 48.4, therefore, is proposed as the optimum fabricating procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Tubemoside as a common traditional Chinese medicine is playing an important role in the field of prevention and treatment of lung cancer without any side effects. However, the reason and its mechanism remain unclear. In our study, the molecular dynamic simulation was used to investigate the mechanism at the molecular level. We found that the hydrogen bond network of proteins (three states of EGFR) was affected by Tubemoside. The movement and opening/closing state of protein was changed when combine with Tubemoside. The results of principal component analysis were used to prove the transform of proteins and the change of its movement. Electrostatic interactions of proteins also were studied. The numbers of active interaction sites will decrease while Tubemoside emerged in the protein, which will cause the activity change of EGFR for forming asymmetric dimers required for activation. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • The molecular dynamic simulation was used to investigate the mechanism. • The opening/closing state of proteins was changed according to the hydrogen bond. • The PCA were used to prove the transform of proteins and the change of its movement. • The active interaction sites will decrease while Tubemoside emerged in the protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Employing chiral Co(III)-complex-templated Brønsted acids as catalysts. • The asymmetric intermolecular iodoacetalization of enol ethers was achieved. • This method provided an easy access to optically active 3-iodoacetal derivatives. • High yield and up to 83:17 er. Abstract The chiral Co(III)-complex-templated Brønsted acids were used as efficient bifunctional phase-transfer catalysts for the asymmetric intermolecular iodoacetalization of enol ethers, such as 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, 2,3-dihydrofuran, ethyl vinyl ether with alcohols and NIS, furnishing the 3-iodoacetals in high yield with up to 83:17 er. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have extended the complex scaled Green's function method to the relativistic framework describing deformed nuclei with the theoretical formalism presented in detail. We have checked the applicability and validity of the present formalism for exploration of the resonances in deformed nuclei. Furthermore, we have studied the dependences of resonances on nuclear deformations and the shape of potential, which are helpful to recognize the evolution of resonant levels from stable nuclei to exotic nuclei with axially quadruple deformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultivated carrots can be divided into eastern and western types. Much evidence supports the idea that eastern carrots originated in Central Asia, while varying opinions exist on the origin of western carrots, especially orange varieties, and the origin of Chinese orange carrots remains unclear. In this study, we used 119 carrot accessions to investigate the relationship between Chinese carrots and western orange varieties (Western orange) using morphology and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The results demonstrate that Chinese carrots are eastern-type and maintain the primitive traits of strong and pubescent leaves, and early flowering. Despite being morphologically similar, the STRUCTURE and phylogenetic analysis based on SSR markers indicated that Western orange were clearly separated from Chinese carrots. These findings, in conjunction with historical documents suggesting that the first Chinese carrots seem to be yellow, suggest that Chinese orange were derived from Chinese red according to the mixed distribution of red and orange accessions. These results suggest that Chinese orange carrots may have undergone a specific, independent process different from that of Western orange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multimodal imaging has made great contribution for diagnosis and therapy of disease since it can provide more effective and complementary information in comparison to any single imaging modality. The design and fabrication of fluorescent-magnetic nanoparticles for multimodal imaging has rapidly developed over the years. Herein, we demonstrate the facile synthesis of GdS coated CdTe nanoparticles (CdTe@GdS NPs) as multimodal agents for fluorescence (FL) and T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. These nanoparticles obtain both prominent fluorescent and paramagnetic properties by coating the GdS shell on the surface of CdTe core via a simple room-temperature route in aqueous solution directly. It is shown that the as-prepared CdTe@GdS NPs have high quantum yield (QY) value of 12% and outstanding longitudinal relaxation rate ( r 1 ) of 11.25 mM s −1 , which allow them to be employed as FL/MR dual-modal imaging contrast agents. They also exhibit small particle size of 5 nm, excellent colloidal stability and low cellular toxicity for concentrations up to 750 μg mL −1 . In addition, with the conjugation of folic acid, the nanoparticles were successfully used for tumor-targeted FL/MR dual-modal imaging in vitro and in vivo . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), the structural and electronic properties are studied for both zigzag (ZAlNNRs) and armchair (AAlNNRs) AlN nanoribbons terminated with H atoms at both edges by using the first-principles projector-augmented wave (PAW) potential within the density function theory (DFT) framework. The results show that the Al–N, Al–C and Al–H bonds are ionic bonds while the C–C and C–H bonds are typical covalent bonds, and the N–C and N–H bonds have a degree covalent character. The systems of both perfect 7-ZAlNNR and perfect 7-AAlNNR with a single C-chain doped are still nonmagnetic semiconductors, and the C-chain reduces the band gap. The C-chain can change the band gap of 7-ZAlNNR from direct to indirect independent of the position of the C-chain, which is important in the practical application as light emitting devices. For N Z -ZAlNNR-C( n ) with N Z = 3, 5, 6, 10, the band gap decrease successively for C-chain position n from 2 to 3, 5, 6, 7 and 10, respectively. For N A -AAlNNR-C( n ) of arbitrary width N A , except N A -AAlNNR-C(1) and N A -AAlNNR-C( n = N A ) have a larger band gap, the band gap of the rest of the N A -AAlNNR-C( n ) are about 2.0 eV. Furthermore, the maximum band gap gradually decrease with the increase of the width N A . The C-chain substituting Al–N chain process is endothermic for both 7-ZAlNNR and 7-AAlNNR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thallium (Tl) contaminants pose serious threats to the ecological environment and human health due to its acute/chronic poisoning on the health of most organisms even at low concentrations. To find a rapid and efficient technology in removing Tl from waters thus becomes a crucial issue. A magnetic Fe 3 O 4 -kaolin composite (denoted by FKC) with high specific surface area (133.7 m2/g) was successfully synthesized via a simple and low-cost technique for Tl(I) removing from various water media. The HRTEM images confirmed the existence of lattice fingers Fe 3 O 4 and displayed that a large number of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles dispersed on the surface of kaolin sheets. Compared with kaolin or Fe 3 O 4 alone, FKC enhanced obviously the adsorption rate and capacity of Tl(I) over a wide pH range (4.5–9.0). The maximum adsorption capacity of FKC for Tl(I) was 19,347 mg/kg (calculated by Langmuir model), which was almost one hundred times and two times higher than those of kaolin and Fe 3 O 4 , respectively. Importantly, FKC was observed to have a great potential in removing Tl(I) from surface water, groundwater, and tap water in more alkaline conditions. By applying the external magnetic field, FKC could be recovered efficiently (99%) and rapidly (20 s). Moreover, Tl L 3 -edge XANES spectra revealed that Tl(I) was adsorbed on the FKC and would not be converted to more toxic Tl(III). The cations (CaCl 2 , NaCl, and KCl) and the ionic strength with concentrations of 0.001–1.0 mol/L showed a great influence on the adsorption of Tl(I) by FKC, implying that this adsorption was dominated by outer-sphere surface complexation at investigated pH values. The information provided is essential for designing a rapid and effective scavenger for removing Tl in various natural waters. [Display omitted] • FKC was synthesized by immersion technique and room temperature ferrite process. • In alkaline condition, FKC was a great candidate in Tl removal from natural waters. • L 3 -edge XANES showed that Tl(I) was adsorbed and would not be converted to Tl(III). • The outer-sphere surface complexation was observed in the adsorption of Tl by FKC. • FKC was rapidly and efficiently recovered by applying an external magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To examine the effects of lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation on retinal function using multifocal electroretinograms (mfERG) in patients with early age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Design: Randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. Methods: One hundred eight subjects with early AMD were randomly assigned to receive 10 mg/d lutein (n = 27), 20 mg/d lutein (n = 27), 10 mg/d lutein plus 10 mg/d zeaxanthin (n = 27), or placebo (n = 27) for 48 weeks. Thirty-six age-matched controls without AMD were also enrolled to compare baseline data with early AMD patients. MfERG responses and macular pigment optical densities (MPODs) were recorded and analyzed at baseline and at 24 and 48 weeks. Results: There were significant reductions in N1P1 response densities in ring 1 to ring 3 in early AMD patients compared with the controls (P < .05), whereas neither N1P1 response densities in ring 4 to ring 6 nor P1 peak latencies significantly changed. After 48-week supplementation, the N1P1 response densities showed significant increases in ring 1 for the 20 mg lutein group and for the lutein and zeaxanthin group, and in ring 2 for the 20 mg lutein group. The increases in MPOD related positively to the increases in N1P1 response density in ring 1 and ring 2 for nearly all active treatment groups. N1P1 response densities in ring 3 to ring 6 or P1 peak latencies in all rings did not change significantly in any group. Conclusion: Early functional abnormalities of the central retina in the early AMD patients could be improved by lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation. These improvements may be potentially attributed to the elevations in MPOD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after one-lung ventilation (OLV) significantly impact patient prognosis and quality of life., Objective: To study the impact of an optimal inspiratory flow rate on PPCs in thoracic surgery patients., Methods: One hundred eight elective thoracic surgery patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups in this consort study (control group: n = 53 with a fixed inspiratory expiratory ratio of 1:2; and experimental group [flow rate optimization group]: n = 55). Measurements of Ppeak, Pplat, PETCO 2 , lung dynamic compliance (Cdyn), respiratory rate, and oxygen concentration were obtained at the following specific time points: immediately after intubation (T0); immediately after starting OLV (T1); 30 min after OLV (T2); and 10 min after 2-lung ventilation (T4). The PaO 2 :FiO 2 ratio was measured using blood gas analysis 30 min after initiating one-lung breathing (T2) and immediately when OLV ended (T3). The lung ultrasound score (LUS) was assessed following anesthesia and resuscitation (T5). The occurrence of atelectasis was documented immediately after the surgery. PPCs occurrences were noted 3 days after surgery., Results: The treatment group had a significantly lower total prevalence of PPCs compared to the control group (3.64% vs. 16.98%; P = 0.022). There were no notable variations in peak airway pressure, airway plateau pressure, dynamic lung compliance, PETCO 2 , respiratory rate, and oxygen concentration between the two groups during intubation (T0). Dynamic lung compliance and the oxygenation index were significantly increased at T1, T2, and T4 (P < 0.05), whereas the CRP level and number of inflammatory cells decreased dramatically (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Optimizing inspiratory flow rate and utilizing pressure control ventilation -volume guaranteed (PCV-VG) mode can decrease PPCs and enhance lung dynamic compliance in OLV patients., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Considering the effect of SIRT1 on improving myocardial fibrosis and GAS5 inhibiting occurrence and development of myocardial fibrosis at the cellular level, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether LncRNA GAS5 could attenuate cardiac fibrosis through regulating mir-217/SIRT1, and whether the NLRP3 inflammasome activation was involved in this process. Isoprenaline (ISO) was given subcutaneously to the male C57BL/6 mice to induce myocardial fibrosis and the AAV9 vectors were randomly injected into the left ventricle of each mouse to overexpress GAS5. Primary myocardial fibroblasts (MCFs) derived from neonatal C57BL/6 mice and TGF-β1 were used to induce fibrosis. And the GAS5 overexpressed MCFs were treated with mir-217 mimics and mir-217 inhibitor respectively. Then the assays of expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β and SIRT1 were conducted. The findings indicated that the overexpression of GAS5 reduced the expression levels of collagen, NLRP3, Capase-1, IL-1β and SIRT1 in ISO treated mice and TGF-β1 treated MCFs. However, this effect was significantly weakened after mir-217 overexpression, but was further enhanced after knockdown of mir-217. mir-217 down-regulates the expression of SIRT1, leading to increased activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent pyroptosis. LncRNA GAS5 alleviates cardiac fibrosis induced via regulating mir-217/SIRT1 pathway., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Influenza A viruses have a wide range of hosts and are highly infectious, which can cause zoonotic diseases and pose a serious public health threat to human safety. An influenza pandemic could outbreak if new strains gain the ability of human-to-human transmission, either by genetic mutation or by gene reassortment. It is an urgent issue for the scientific community to reveal the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms underlying the interspecies transmission of influenza viruses, which will provide important implications for the effective monitoring and prevention of potential influenza pandemics. In this review, we summarize the molecular determinants of influenza viruses for host adaptation, and highlight the advances in the gene mutations of the virus itself and the interaction between virus and host factors. This will help to make a theoretical reserve for the next influenza pandemic and find new strategies to fight against influenza.

In this work, through the orthogonal design of two fluorophores and two recognition groups, a series of fluorescent probes were developed from the flavone derivatives for hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S). The probe FlaN-DN stood out from the primarily screening on the selectivity and response intensities. It could respond to H 2 S with both the chromogenic and fluorescent signals. Among the recent reported probes for the H 2 S detection, FlaN-DN indicated the most highlighted advantages including the rapid response (within 200 s) and the high response multiplication (over 100 folds). FlaN-DN was sensitive to the pH condition, thus could be applied to distinguish the cancer micro-environment. Moreover, FlaN-DN suggested practical capabilities including a wide linear range (0-400 μM), a relatively high sensitivity (limit of detection 0.13 μM), and high selectivity towards H 2 S. As a low cytotoxic probe, FlaN-DN achieved the imaging in living HeLa cells. FlaN-DN could detect the endogenous generation H 2 S and visualize the dose-dependent responses to the exogenous H 2 S level. This work provided a typical case of natural-sourced derivatives as functional implements, which might inspire the future investigations., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The present study systematically analyzed and evaluated the variations in chemical speciation, pollution assessment, and source identification of heavy metals in sediments of Huangpu River. The methods employed included heavy metal concentration, chemical speciation and Cu isotopic compositions analysis. Results showed that the chemical speciation of sediment-bound heavy metals, characterized by significant seasonal variation, shifted from non-residual fractions dominating in spring and summer to residual fractions dominating in autumn and winter. Precipitation was identified as an important factor influencing the chemical speciation of sediment-bound heavy metals. Furthermore, ratio of the secondary phase to the primary phase, RSP (=C non-residual /C residual ) values in Huangpu River sediments were higher than 1 in spring and summer, indicating that sediment-bound heavy metals in Huangpu River were mainly composed of non-residual fractions and could potentially be released into the river water. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that navigation, traffic, agricultural, and industrial activities could be the potential sources of heavy metal pollution. Notably, the δ 65 Cu values in Huangpu River sediments were observed to be isotopically lighter (from -0.37 to +0.18 ‰), suggesting that navigation might be the primary pollution source. These results will not only provide guidance in reducing heavy metal concentrations, but also serve as a crucial basis for policy making regarding heavy metal control., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Ferroptosis, a newly identified form of cell death, is characterized by iron overload and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species. Inactivation of pathways, such as glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4, NAD(P)H/ferroptosis suppressor protein 1/ubiquinone, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase/ubiquinol, or guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase-1/6(R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin pathways, have been found to induce ferroptosis. The accumulating data suggest that epigenetic regulation can determine cell sensitivity to ferroptosis at both the transcriptional and translational levels. While many of the effectors that regulate ferroptosis have been mapped, epigenetic regulation in ferroptosis is not yet fully understood. Neuronal ferroptosis is a driver in several central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, and spinal cord injury, and thus, research on how to inhibit neuronal ferroptosis is required to develop novel therapies for these diseases. In this review, we have summarized epigenetic regulation of ferroptosis in these CNS diseases, focusing in particular on DNA methylation, non-coding RNA regulation, and histone modification. Understanding epigenetic regulation in ferroptosis will hasten the development of promising therapeutic strategies in CNS diseases associated with ferroptosis., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Taipu River is a river spanning two provinces and one city in a demonstration area in the Yangtze River Delta on an ecologically friendly developmentand an important water source in the upper reaches of the Huangpu River in Shanghai. To understand the multi-media distribution characteristics, pollution status, and ecological risk of heavy metals in the Taipu River, the contents of heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) in the sediments of Taipu River were analyzed, and the pollution status and potential ecological risk were evaluated using the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index, geo-accumulation index, and potential ecological risk index methods. In addition, the health risk assessment model was used to assess the health risk of heavy metals in surface water of Taipu River. The results showed that the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Mn, and Ni in the surface water of Taipu River exceeded the class Ⅲ water limit at the upstream point in spring; the concentrations of Sb exceeded the class Ⅲ water limit at all points in winter; the average value of As exceeded the class Ⅲ water limit in overlying water during the wet season; and the average values of As and Cd exceeded the class Ⅲ water limit in pore water during the wet season. The health risk assessment of surface water implied that both adults and children had higher health risk in spring and lower health risk in other seasons. The health risk of children was significantly higher than that of adults, and it mainly came from chemical carcinogenic heavy metal elements As, Cd, and Cr. The average contents of Co, Mn, Sb, and Zn in Taipu River sediments in the four seasons all exceeded the Shanghai soil baseline; the average contents of As, Cr, and Cu in summer, autumn, and winter exceeded the Shanghai soil baseline; and the average contents of Cd, Ni, and Pb in summer and winter exceeded the Shanghai soil baseline. The evaluation results of the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index and geo-accumulation index showed that the pollution degree of the middle reaches of Taipu River was higher than that of the upper and lower reaches, and the Sb pollution was more serious. The potential ecological risk index method revealed that the Taipu River sediment was at a low risk. Cd had a high contribution in both the wet and dry seasons and could be regarded as the main heavy metal of potential ecological risk in the Taipu River sediment.

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) capable of self-renewal and differentiation into neural cell lineages offer broad prospects for cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. However, cell therapy based on NPC transplantation is limited by the inability to acquire sufficient quantities of NPCs. Previous studies have found that a chemical cocktail of valproic acid, CHIR99021, and Repsox (VCR) promotes mouse fibroblasts to differentiate into NPCs under hypoxic conditions. Therefore, we used VCR (0.5 mM valproic acid, 3 μM CHIR99021, and 1 μM Repsox) to induce the reprogramming of rat embryonic fibroblasts into NPCs under a hypoxic condition (5%). These NPCs exhibited typical neurosphere-like structures that can express NPC markers, such as Nestin, SRY-box transcription factor 2, and paired box 6 (Pax6), and could also differentiate into multiple types of functional neurons and astrocytes in vitro. They had similar gene expression profiles to those of rat brain-derived neural stem cells. Subsequently, the chemically-induced NPCs (ciNPCs) were stereotactically transplanted into the substantia nigra of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned parkinsonian rats. We found that the ciNPCs exhibited long-term survival, migrated long distances, and differentiated into multiple types of functional neurons and glial cells in vivo. Moreover, the parkinsonian behavioral defects of the parkinsonian model rats grafted with ciNPCs showed remarkable functional recovery. These findings suggest that rat fibroblasts can be directly transformed into NPCs using a chemical cocktail of VCR without introducing exogenous factors, which may be an attractive donor material for transplantation therapy for Parkinson's disease., Competing Interests: None

Background: Induction chemotherapy combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been recommended for patients with high-risk, locally advanced rectal cancer. However, the benefit of more intensive total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) is unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of induction chemotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy and consolidation chemotherapy for magnetic resonance imaging-stratified high-risk rectal cancer., Methods: This was a single-center, single-arm, prospective Phase II trial in Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing, China). Patients received three cycles of induction oxaliplatin and capecitabine (CapeOX) followed by chemoradiotherapy and two cycles of consolidation CapeOX. The primary end point was adverse event rate and the second primary end points were 3-year disease-free survival rate, completion of TNT, and pathological downstaging rate., Results: Between August 2017 and August 2018, 68 rectal cancer patients with at least one high risk factor (cT3c/3d/T4a/T4b, cN2, mesorectal fascia involvement, or extramural venous invasion involvement) were enrolled. The overall compliance of receiving the entire treatment was 88.2% (60/68). All 68 patients received induction chemotherapy, 65 received chemoradiotherapy, and 61 received consolidation chemotherapy. The Grade 3-4 adverse event rate was 30.8% (21/68). Nine patients achieved clinical complete response and then watch and wait. Five patients (7.4%) developed distant metastasis during TNT and received palliative chemotherapy. Fifty patients underwent surgical resection. The complete response rate was 27.9%. After a median follow-up of 49.2 months, the overall 3-year disease-free survival rate was 69.7%., Conclusions: For patients with high-risk rectal cancer, this TNT regimen can achieve favorable survival and complete response rates but with high toxicity. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the possibility of distant metastasis during the long treatment period., Competing Interests: None declared., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press and Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.)

We assessed the clinicopathological features and prognostic values of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and DNA mismatch repair status in colorectal cancer (CRC) to provide real-world data in developing countries. We enrolled 369 CRC patients and analyzed the correlation between RAS/BRAF mutation, mismatch repair status with clinicopathological features, and their prognostic roles. The mutation frequencies of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF were 41.7%, 1.6%, and 3.8%, respectively. KRAS mutations and deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) status were associated with right-sided tumors, aggressive biological behaviors, and poor differentiation. BRAF (V600E) mutations are associated with well-differentiated and lymphovascular invasion. The dMMR status predominated in young and middle-aged patients and tumor node metastasis stage II patients. dMMR status predicted longer overall survival in all CRC patients. KRAS mutations indicated inferior overall survival in patients with CRC stage IV. Our study showed that KRAS mutations and dMMR status could be applied to CRC patients with different clinicopathological features., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)