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252. Noble‐Metal‐Free Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts Working at High Current Densities over 1000 mA cm−2: From Fundamental Understanding to Design Principles.

Author

Zhang, Xian, Jin, Mengtian, Jia, Feifei, Huang, Jiaqi, Amini, Abbas, Song, Shaoxian, Yi, Hao, and Cheng, Chun

Subjects
OXYGEN evolution reactions, ELECTROCATALYSTS, CHEMICAL stability, WATER electrolysis, HYDROGEN evolution reactions, POWER of attorney
Abstract

Alkaline water electrolysis provides a promising route for "green hydrogen" generation, where anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a crucial role in coupling with cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction. To date, the development of highly active and durable OER catalysts based on earth‐abundant elements has drawn wide attention; nevertheless, their performance under high current densities (HCDs ≥1000 mA cm−2) has been less emphasized. This situation has seriously impeded large‐scale electrolysis industrialization. In this review, in order to provide a guideline for designing high‐performance OER electrocatalysts, the effects of HCD on catalytic performance involving electron transfer, mass transfer, and physical/chemical stability are summarized. Furthermore, the design principles were pointed out for obtaining efficient and robust OER electrocatalysts in light of recent progress of OER electrocatalysts working above 1000 mA cm−2. These include the aspects of developing self‐supported catalytic electrodes, enhancing intrinsic activity, enhancing the catalyst–support interaction, engineering surface wettability, and introducing protective layer. Finally, summaries and outlooks in achieving OER at industrially relevant HCDs are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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270. Superabsorbent polymer used for saline-alkali soil water retention

Author

Xia Ling, Cui Zhang, J Viridiana Garcia-Meza, Keqiang Zhou, Jiazhi Liu, Song Shaoxian, Min Zhang, Meng Delong, and Jinhui Chen

Abstract

Salt-tolerant superabsorbent polymer (SAP) was synthesized to improve the water retention properties of saline-alkali soil. The Lop Nur saline-alkali soil of Xinjiang with high salinity (total dissolved salt: 18.13wt%) was the object of improvement. The good swelling capacity of SAP (69.04 g/g) under high salinity condition contributed to the superb slow-release water property and further [showed](https://www.wordhippo.com/what-is/another-word-for/build.html) [excellent](https://www.wordhippo.com/what-is/another-word-for/excellent.html) water retention property of SAP-saline-alkali soil (28 days), which showed a good application potential of SAP in saline-alkali land. The swelling mechanism under high salt condition was also explored. Notably, owe to the complexation reaction between and three hydrophilic groups of SAP, the swelling capability of SAP tended to keep steady when the concentration of CaCl exceeded 0.55wt%. Interestingly, the distribution of the calcium salt in SAP was directly displayed by the maximum intensity projection of computed tomography.

Published
2022

275. In Situ Reconstructed Zn doped FexNi(1−x)OOH Catalyst for Efficient and Ultrastable Oxygen Evolution Reaction at High Current Densities

Author

Zhang, Xian, primary, Yi, Hao, additional, Jin, Mengtian, additional, Lian, Qing, additional, Huang, Yu, additional, Ai, Zhong, additional, Huang, Runqing, additional, Zuo, Ziteng, additional, Tang, Chunmei, additional, Amini, Abbas, additional, Jia, Feifei, additional, Song, Shaoxian, additional, and Cheng, Chun, additional

Published
2022
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281. Rapid Artificial Biocrust Development by Co-Inoculation of Clay and Cyanobacteria

Author

Xia Ling, Zhou Keqiang, Zhang Zijia, Zhang Cui, Meng Delong, Wu Li, Song Shaoxian, Rosa María Torres Sáncheze, and María E.Farías

Abstract

The establishment of biological soil crusts is widely perceived as a main method to control ecological environment in arid and semi-arid regions. However, artificial biocrusts are insufficient to face with some stress from environment by using traditional established methods. Hence in this study, kaolin, a common clay mineral, was introduced as a stabilizer by mixing with Microcoleus steenstruppi of different mass ratios for inoculating onto sand to establish artificial biocrust. The results showed that the addition of kaolin exhibited a significantly positive effect on promoting biocrust formation, and accelerating the biocrust development. Moreover, the artificial biocrust from 1:500 (algae:kaolin) inoculant achieved the best performances with coverage of 98%, and thickness of 5.62 mm after 86 days of incubation. The highest contents of chlorophyll a, exopolysaccharides, and soluble protein were also observed in 1:500 mass ratio of algae:kaolin throughout the biocrust development process. As for the water retention performances, the results of contact angle, water drop penetration time (WDPT), and repellency index (RI) illustrated that biocrusts improve water utilization in kaolin-treated groups by delaying the time of water infiltration, especially in 1:500 group. After 86 days post inoculation, a series of common bacteria appeared in the biocrusts such as actinobacteria and acidobacteria and decomposed metabolites from cyanobacteria as energy source to supply their own life activities. This study gains new insights on clay minerals on biocrust development and puts forward a new approach for rapid artificial biocrust establishment to reverse desertification.

Published
2022

298. Low-Cost Mineral Packing Materials Improve Dom and Micropollutants Removal from Landfill Leachate in Ozonation Bubble Columns: Insights into the Enhancement Mechanisms and Applicability of Surrogate-Based Monitoring

Author

Yang, Xuetong, primary, Chen, Changtao, additional, Zhang, Tao, additional, Tian, Xiang, additional, Zhang, Rui, additional, Manhaeghe, Dave, additional, Zhao, Yunliang, additional, Song, Shaoxian, additional, Demeestere, Kristof, additional, and Van Hulle, Stijn, additional

Published
2022
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