Search

481 This paper aims at contributing to the existing debate on online formation of companies. It will analyse the current system of full online formation which is available in the Republic of Serbia since 2018 and put it into European perspective. Even though many challenges were related to the full online registration in general, the Republic of Serbia introduced this procedure relatively easy, even though amending the traditional system of registration on several occasions. The last amendments introduced exclusive online formation of companies which is applicable since mid-May 2023. The most challenging issues in regard to full online registration were to accommodate existing system of preventive administrative and prevailingly formal dual control of formation procedure to be performed fully online. In that regard introduction and use of qualified electronic certificate provided high level of assurance in electronic identification, as one of cornerstones of online registration. Nevertheless, this system remained susceptible to negative effects and needs additional attention. It should be important that, beside efficiency, legal certainty and trust in business registers remain the most prominent features of formation of companies, not only in domestic, but above all in cross-border context. 482 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the information provided in the Byzantine historical narratives composed between the end of the 10th and mid-13th century on Bulgarians, Serbs and the Rus as these peoples permanently settled or just temporarily resided in the area of the Central Balkans. This paper attempts to show how the Byzantine historiography of the mentioned period presented the peoples in question.

The paper deals with the exchange of cultural patterns between the Serbs and the Hungarians during the 13th century with a short look at its beginnings. In this respect, attention is paid to the tradition about Prince Časlav preserved in later centuries and the information on a captured Serbian prince in the Gesta Hungarorum. The information on the meeting of St. Sava and the Hungarian king described in the Life of St. Sava by Domentiјan and Theodosius is particularly considered, their origin and relationship with the Legend of St. Ladislaus is discussed, as well as their transmission to other literary works such as the well-known work The Tale of the Death of Batu.

The author of this paper presents part of the results of his field research in Ibarski Kolašin, a region in the northwest of Kosovo and Metohija. Central attention is paid to the event that the Serbs from Ibarski Kolašin perceive as an important part of their traditional cultural heritage, which is the secondary family patron saint celebration. The research of the mentioned event was carried out in the village of Rujište, located in the eastern part of Ibarski Kolašin, which is characterized by the fact that all its inhabitants celebrate Saint Elijah as a secondary family patron saint. The author tries to present the main elements of the celebration of the Saint Elijah's Day in Rujište, with a focus on a collective aspect of the celebration, while the goal of the paper is an attempt to contribute to the understanding of the researched event as a phenomenon whose important role, viewed from the aspect of demographic processes in Ibarski Kolašin, is the role of social-integrative character. The research procedure applied in the aim of achieving mentioned goal was based on the qualitative method approach, primarily observation and conversations with interlocutors. Field research for the needs of paper in the village of Rujište was conducted in August 2023.

The Yugoslav experience of the Serbian national idea in the mid-1930s was seriously undermined. The assassination of King Aleksandar Karađorđević was an event that, after the rebellious response of loyalty, irreversibly initiated the search for the revival of the national idea and its racing modern European models. Since the international geopolitical situation witnessed the process of the failure of the Peace Treaty of Versailles, new national positioning occupied the attention of the Serbian intellectual elite. This paper presents the development of the ideas of national revival through combining formerly valid standpoints which, on the one hand, encourage the development of the collectivist type of society and, on the other hand, the redefinition of the individual approach in the existing standpoint about democracy. Their contradicting views affected pluralism, but there was also a threat of exclusive reflexions being transformed into antagonism.

Peć kaza found a place in the works of numerous travel writers such as Ami Boué, Dr. Josef Miller, Ivan Franjo Jukić, Gedeon Josif Jurišić, Aleksandar Giljferding and others who spoke of it as an unsafe territory "where everyone was a public hajduk". It was for this reason that they claimed that traveling in this area was extremely dangerous. The city of Peć was the seat of the kaza and at the beginning of 1899 it was the center of gathering of Albanians, united around the goals directed against the Serbian population. In January of that year, numerous Albanians from various regions met and held a meeting, where they spoke about opposition to reforms and the expansion of tribal self-governance. Through influential beys, Porta emphasized the importance of unity and joint action against possible attacks from Serbia and Montenegro. The agreement between them caused concern among the Serbs and hinted at even greater insecurity. The position of the Serbian population was negatively affected by the Albanians agreements, but also by mutual conflicts. This is best illustrated by the event that took place in the village of Verići, in which ten out of twelve Serbian houses were set on fire. The injured asked for help from the vali, the mutasarrif, the consuls of Serbia and Russia as well. Because of those events, the Kosovo vali Hafis Pasha came to Peć in the summer of the same year, but he did not take vigorous measures to prevent further suffering of the Serbs. His stay was mainly limited to daily meetings with Zejnul bey Mahmutbegović and the key figure in this area, Mula Zeka, whose views influenced the vali's decisions. During vali's mission in Peć, there happened atrocities on a much wider scale, which had never happened before. It was a very turbulent period of time marked by numerous sufferings, murders, blackmail, fines and expulsions of the Serbian population from those areas. Albanians were always ready to cause new disturbances, disobedience and nonpayment of taxes, which affected the weakening of the state. Among the most persistent were the Fetahović brothers, Colj Sokol, Jusuf, Mula Zeka, Adem Zajim, Ibrahim Mehmed Redžić and others. They contributed to the removal of the energetic officer Šemsi Pasha from Peć and the removal of Peć's mutesarrif Suleiman Pasha, who was replaced by Alil Pasha, the former commissioner on the Serbian-Turkish border. Sultan Abdul Hamid and the Porta constantly favored the Albanians and instead of punishing the criminals, numerous decorations and ranks were awarded from Constantinople. The continuous support of the sultan and the Turkish authorities incited the Arbanas of Peć to new acts of violence. In just two years, 1900 and 1901, crimes of apocalyptic proportions took place against the Serbs in the Kosovo Vilayet, of which the most victims were in Peć kaza. The reason lies in the fact that, in addition to the Albanians terror, the victims were also exposed to daily attacks by the Roman Catholic Albanians, who were susceptible to Austrian propaganda. The Albanians leader Mula Zeka, was considered an Austrian mercenary and dominated the situation in the entire Peć kaza, where, according to the estimate of the consulate of the Kingdom of Serbia in Priština, there were no more than 1,500 Serbian families at the beginning of the 20th century. Exposed to terror, the Serbs of Peć kaza fled from their homesteads. Many of them fled to Serbia, and some moved to other places in the territory of the Kosovo Vilayet, where their fate was still uncertain. The emigration continued later and according to the assessment of the Serbs of Peć kaza from 1907, in the previous twenty years, 20,000 people emigrated to Serbia and Montenegro, instead of whom Mula Zeka settled 300 Arbanas families from Malesia.

The beginnings of contemporary Serbian art in Kosovo and Metohija are related to the establishment of the first educational institutions in this area, where generations of students and art students were educated. And overview of the development of contemporary art in Kosovo and Metohija can be traced back to 1949, when the High School of Art was founded in Peć. This school becomes a nursery of talents and a center of artistic development, improvement and shaping of artistic reality and Kosovo and Metohija. After that, the development of art education was infuenced by the establishment of the Higher Pedagogical School in Pristina in 1962. The conception of this educational institution included the formation of the Fine Arts Group, where young artists were successfully trained. The Academy of Arts in Pristina was re - established in 1973 an it had the following educational courses painting, sculpture, graphics and graphic design. The Academy played a key role in the development of the art scene in the province, educating young artists and future art teachers. Since the school year 1986/87, the Academy was reorganized and continued to work as the Faculty of Arts in Pristina. The most difficult period in the history of university art education in the province ocurred due to the war events in 1999, when the professors and students of this higher education institution were expelled. The faculties infrastructure, teaching space and studios were usurped, and most of works of art were looted and destroyed. The Faculty of Arts was then moved first to central Serbia, and since 2001. It has been working in Zvečan, i.e Kosovska Mitrovica.

This study analyzes the influence of two different types of game meat (deer and wild boar) in relation to quality characteristics and oral processing attributes of skinless sausage. The goal of this study was to compare grilled game-meat-based "ćevap" with conventional pork-meat-based samples. Research comprised of color analysis, evaluation of textural components, testing degree of difference, temporal dominance of sensations, calculation of main oral processing attributes, and examination of particle size distribution. The results show that oral processing attributes are similar in between samples and concur with results of the pork-based sample. This confirms the working hypothesis that it is possible to make game-meat-based "ćevap" fully comparable with conventional pork meat products. In parallel, color and flavor characteristics are influenced by the type of game meat in the sample. Most of the dominant sensory attributes that occurred during mastication were game meat flavor and juiciness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In literature there are different research results regarding the impact of borrower's size on cyclicality of credit risk. The aim of this research is to determine whether the credit risk cyclicality increases with the size of the borrower, using data from Serbian banking sector. The research presented herein is one of the first for developing countries with this subject and where credit risk was approximated by the default rate. Empirical analysis of the time series of loan default rates, as dependent variable, and macroeconomic factors, as explanatory variable, is based on the panel error correction model. Panel units are risk segments. Amount of annual revenue is key criteria for granulation borrowers within key four risk segments (retail, micro, SME and large corporate) that corresponds to its size. In multi-factor model, research results confirm that there is long term relationship between macroeconomic factors and loan default rate in Serbian banking sector in all risk segments. However, in model where GDP is explanatory variable, in the segment of small- and medium-sized enterprises, the adjustment coefficient is not statistically significant. It can be inferred that the credit risk of the SMEs segment is the most resistant to changes in the business cycle phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DNA-based prediction of a physical appearance, also known as DNA phenotyping, is a rapidly developing field with great potential for solving difficult forensic investigations. Externally visible characteristics (EVCs), such as eye colour, are easily recognised and genetically determined. Analysis of highly informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) encompassing trait-associated genes provides information about the phenotype of an unknown individual, which is critical in cases where the standard STR profile is not useful. The IrisPlex assay was developed based on genotype data from 3804 Dutch Europeans, with the goal of accurately predicting brown, blue, and undefined eye colours using the six SNP markers alone. This assay has been validated in several studies and has shown high accuracy of prediction for brown and blue eye colours in most European populations. The aim of this work was to evaluate IrisPlex in the Serbian population and to determine if there are possible discrepancies in prediction accuracy compared to the previously published European data. Therefore, we performed the IrisPlex analysis on 65 Serbian individuals. Our results showed that the prediction of eye colour was accurate for about 57% of the respondents, which did not change significantly by applying the 0.7 threshold. The IrisPlex system performed well in predicting blue and brown eye colour in the Serbian sample, achieving high sensitivity levels. However, this model appeared to be unsuitable in the prediction of undefined eye colour, which was a common phenotype in our sample. This low sensitivity suggests a diverse and possibly population-specific genetic background of undefined eye colour. Given the large genetic diversity of the Serbian population, further work on a larger Serbian sample with more SNPs analysed is needed to reveal genetic variants mainly associated with this trait. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Inorganic GSR from PPU ammunition cal. 7.65 mm were studied. • GSR patterns on cotton fabric in the range 25–125 cm are presented. • Distribution of GSR was established by SEM-EDX analysis. • Chemical and morphological GSR spread dependence on the shooting distance is demonstrated. • Empirical bases for forensic casework on shooting to assist casework were achieved. The subject of this research was the inorganic gunshot residue component collected from shooting patterns obtained on woven cotton cloth using a Pietro Beretta model 70 pistol, cal. 7.65 mm and Serbian ammunition for the following muzzle-to-target distances: 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 cm. For each distance, three rounds of shooting were performed. Particles were lifted within a 10 cm radius of the projectile entrance and automatically analyzed using a scanning electron microscope coupled with an energy dispersion X-ray spectrometry. The obtained data on the populations of particles were analyzed taking into account their numbers, chemical classes and sizes. The results showed an apparent maximum incidence within all particles containing barium at about 50 cm distance. Also, lead particles revealed a distinct behaviour, being dominant at a 25 cm distance, falling below the other chemical classes, and finally becoming dominant again at 125 cm. The analysis of the frequency of occurrence of particles sorted according to their sizes confirmed that the small particle population is the largest, and their distribution in function of the equivalent circle diameter is exponential-like. The obtained results provided knowledge on the distribution of particles in the vicinity of the tested firearm and ammunition cal. 7.65 mm which generally corroborates with similarly studied GSR distributions obtained for the use of pistols cal. 9 mm. This information, together with the examinations of gunshot damages and other types of residues such as soot or unburned propellant grains may support qualitative inferences on shooting distance estimation, especially in cases, when the firearm and cartridges are not available to perform test shooting. In such cases even roughly estimated shooting distance can be helpful, e.g. for confirming or excluding the possibility of self-inflicted injuries or suicide and infer on the mutual position of the shooting stage actors. An example of casework that illustrates intermediate shooting distance estimation is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Politica: Tidsskrift for Politisk Videnskab is the property of Politica: Tidsskrift for Politisk Videnskab and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Jezikoslovlje is the property of University of Osijek, Faculty of Philosophy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article aims to trace the rapprochement negotiations between the Bulgarians and the Serbs in the period 1908 – 1909, initiated by the government officials in Belgrade. Through this maneuver, they are trying to secure their Eastern border, which would allow them to focus on their other pressing foreign policy tasks. An important role in the negotiations conducted during the mentioned period was played by the newly appointed Bulgarian diplomatic representative in the Serbian capital Andrey Toshev. A significant part of the research is based on a thorough study and analysis of reports and telegrams written by him to the ruling Democratic Party government in Bulgaria, preserved in funds 176 K (fund of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Confessions) and 315 K (fund of the Bulgarian Legation in Belgrade) of the Central State Archives in Sofia. The later works of the experienced Bulgarian diplomat, concerning the period in question, are also examined, in order to take into account his later positions on the subject. The main method used in the article is historical analysis. Тhe author pays special attention to the tendency of the Serbs to demonstrate ambivalent behavior towards their potential political allies in Sofia, which discourages the latter that rapprochement is a realistic scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to determine the economic problems of the young Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes after its creation until the beginning of the Second World War. The aim is to highlight the inability of the centralized state structures that favored the Serbs and the political and economic elite associated with them to deal with the problems and provide stability and conditions for development. The main way to achieve the goal has been to seek an answer to the question of whether the economic policy with a nationalistic color or the unequal economic start of the individual areas included in the state was the reason for the backwardness. The research uses a comparative and causal method of work. The analysis is based on archival material from the Central State Archives in Sofia, as well as statistical collections of the Kingdom of SCS/Yugoslavia during the interwar period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Chronic periodontal infections may predispose to cardiovascular disease. Since tooth loss may be due to periodontitis it is assumed that tooth loss can also predisposes cardiovascular disease. The aim was to investigate the possible relationship between the severity of the clinical picture of periodontitis and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. Methods: We evaluated the association between clinical periodontal parameters, tooth loss and cardiovascular incident. A total of 100 subjects (50 subjects diagnosed with cardiovascular disease and 50 in control group without cardiovascular disease) underwent a dental examination. Tooth loss in all participants was caused only as a consequence of periodontitis. In addition to periodontal status, conventional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, smoking, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes) were measured, too. Results: Periodontal status was worse in patients in the group with cardiovascular disease compared to the group without cardiovascular disease. A significant association was observed between tooth loss levels and cardiovascular disease. In the group of patients who had cardiovascular disease, tooth loss was more than 50%. In the group of patients without cardiovascular disease, tooth loss was about 20% of the total number of teeth. A significant association was observed between tooth loss levels and cardiovascular disease prevalence. Conclusion: This study presents relationship between number of teeth and cardiovascular disease, indicating a link between oral health and cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on Aleksandar Petrov’s novel Kao zlato u vatri, originally published by this Serbian author in 1998. The novel’s main characters represent diverse ethnic groups inhabiting the Balkans (Jews, Serbians, Russians), and their fortunes intertwined with the tumultuous events of 20th century history, namely WWII and the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s. The primary objective of the article is to address the question of whether it is feasible to apply Michael Rothberg’s model of multifaceted memory in a scenario involving distinct memory communities (such as Serbs, Croatians, and possibly Jews), characterized by a specific proximity (primarily territorial, historical and rooted in past coexistence within one national entity) and where relations are predominantly shaped by unresolved past grievances and mutual accusations of guilt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nasleđe is the property of University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nasleđe is the property of University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The expansion of the Ottoman Empire in the northern part of the Balkan Peninsula started after the battle of Kosovopolje (15 June 1389) led to the occupation of Bulgaria in 1393 and to the first raid of the Turks in western Walachia. The voevode Mircea launched an attack against the base of those marauders (Karınovası), in the context of a larger offensive organized by Sigismund of Luxemburg. As punishment, the Ottoman army led by Sultan Bayezid I entered in Walachia in the autumn of 1394. The date of the campaign was subjected to a long controversy, but there is no strong reason to deny the date of 10 October 1394 mentioned by the Serbian annals for the battle usually called "Rovine". The name "Rovine" was not a real placename, but a Serbian noun meaning "cliff" or "ditch", used to describe the features of the battlefield. The location of the battle is too disputed, but it was somewhere on the route from Turnu Măgurele to Curtea de Argeş. The battle was won by Mircea, but a part of his boyars preferred to support the alliance with the Turks. Their chief, Vlad, was perhaps the son of voevode Dan I. Mircea took refuge in his Transylvanian feud, and signed a treaty of alliance with Sigismund of Luxemburg at Braşov (7 March 1395). A Hungarian army entered in Walachia in April 1395 and contributed to the liberation of the fortress Turnu (also known as Little Nicopolis), which was conquered by the Ottomans in the previous campaign. This victory of the armies of Sigismund and Mircea determined a counteroffensive of Bayezid I in May 1395. Sigismund went back to Walachia at the beginning of July to revenge the defeat. The cooperation between Mircea and Sigismund was achieved too late to obtain the defeat of the Ottoman invaders. In the autumn of 1394, Mircea was able to stop the conquest of the entire Walachia, preserving a part of it, despite the treason of Vlad. This partial preservation of power allowed the agreement of 7 March 1395, whose outcome was the expedition of the Hungarian army in April 1395. However, the Ottoman forces remained strong enough to cancel the results of this campaign, in the counteroffensive from May 1395 commanded by Bayezid I against the joined forces of Mircea and Sigismund. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a brain disorder that causes changes in a person's mood, energy, and ability to function. It has a prevalence of 60 million people worldwide, and it is among the top 20 diseases with the highest global burden. The complexity of this disease, including diverse genetic, environmental, and biochemical factors, and diagnoses based on the subjective recognition of symptoms without any clinical test of biomarker identification create significant difficulties in understanding and diagnosing BD. A 1H-NMR-based metabolomic study applying chemometrics of serum samples of Serbian patients with BD (33) and healthy controls (39) was explored, providing the identification of 22 metabolites for this disease. A biomarker set including threonine, aspartate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, serine, and mannose was established for the first time in BD serum samples by an NMR-based metabolomics study. Six identified metabolites (3-hydroxybutyric acid, arginine, lysine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and glycerol) are in agreement with the previously determined NMR-based sets of serum biomarkers in Brazilian and/or Chinese patient samples. The same established metabolites (lactate, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, glutamine, glutamate, glucose, and choline) in three different ethnic and geographic origins (Serbia, Brazil, and China) might have a crucial role in the realization of a universal set of NMR biomarkers for BD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the factors argued to contribute to a bilingual advantage in executive function (EF), the combination of languages spoken by the bilingual is often overlooked. In this study, we explored the role of language similarity on memory and EF task by comparing performance of three groups of young adults—Hungarian–Serbian and Slovak–Serbian early balanced bilinguals, and Serbian-speaking monolinguals. Slovak is typologically related to Serbian, which are both Slavic, in contrast to Hungarian, which is Finno–Ugric. On the computerized tasks from the CANTAB battery (CANTAB Cognition, 2016, www.cantab.com), differences between monolinguals and bilinguals emerged on the EF tasks: Stockings of Cambridge (SOC) and Attentional Set Shifting (AST), but not the memory tasks: Delayed Matching to Sample (DMS), Paired Associate Learning (PAL), Spatial Working Memory (SWM). Both Hungarian–Serbian and Slovak–Serbian bilinguals outperformed the monolinguals on the more difficult SOC tasks, solved using more than a minimally required number of moves. This is in line with reports that bilinguals perform better under more complex conditions that require more monitoring and switching. However, bilinguals speaking Hungarian and Serbian spent less time preparing to execute the simpler SOC tasks, which can be solved in a minimum of two or three moves; they also exhibited reduced local switching cost and were faster overall on AST than both the Slovak–Serbian bilinguals and Serbian monolinguals. The advantageous performance of speakers of the typologically unrelated languages in our study suggests that these bilinguals may have more efficient attention switching and inhibition systems than bilinguals who speak typologically similar languages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will investigate the development of the War Guilt Question in interwar Europe through an examination of the dispute between two of Britain's leading experts on the Balkans, Mary Edith Durham and R.W. Seton-Watson. The locus of their disagreement centred on the question of Serbian complicity in the plot to murder Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo in June 1914, and the subsequent debate over their responsibility for the outbreak of War. The dispute was prompted by revelations published by Ljuba Jovanović, former Serb Minister of Public Instruction. The debate over the Serb complicity in the Sarajevo crime, fundamentally shifted the debate over responsibility for the failure of peace in 1914, moving the focus away from Berlin, back to the Balkans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Serbian National Training Programme for minimally invasive colorectal surgery (LapSerb) was introduced to implement laparoscopic colorectal surgery across Serbia. The programme aimed to accelerate training of established colorectal surgeons through a competency-based programme. This involved knowledge assessment, workshops, live operating, and competency-based assessment of unedited videos. The aim of this study is to report the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal resection performed by LapSerb certified surgeons. Methods: LapSerb prospectively maintained multicentred database was analysed for laparoscopic colorectal resections from January 2015 to February 2021. Data collected included patient demographics, indications for surgery, perioperative data, and 30-day outcomes. Results: A total of 1456 laparoscopic colectomies by 24 certified surgeons were included in the final analysis. Mean age was 67 (± 12) years old and male to female ratio was 1:1.5. 83.1% of the colectomies were malignant, mainly due to adenocarcinoma. Anterior resection was the most common procedure with 699 (48%) cases, followed by right and left colectomies with 357 (24.5%) and 303 (21%) procedure respectively. 4.8% of patients required conversion to open surgery. Thirty-day readmission and reoperation rates were 2.3% and 4.7%, respectively. Overall mortality in all cases was 1.1% and R0 resections were achieved in 97.8% of malignant colectomies. Conclusion: The LapSerb programme successfully and safely established laparoscopic colorectal surgery across the country with comparable and acceptable short-term clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammation is a natural protective response of the human body to a variety of hostile agents and noxious stimuli. Standard anti-inflammatory therapy includes drugs whose usage is associated with a number of side effects. Since ancient times, natural compounds have been used for the treatment of inflammation. Traditionally, the use of medicinal plants is considered safe, inexpensive, and widely acceptable. In Serbia, traditional medicine, based on the strong belief in the power of medicinal herbs, is the widespread form of treatment. This is supported by the fact that Serbia is classified as one of 158 world centers of biodiversity, which confirms that this country is a treasure of medicinal herbs. Some of the most used herbs for the treatment of inflammations of various causes in Serbian tradition are yarrow, common agrimony, couch grass, onion, garlic, marshmallow, common birch, calendula, liquorice, walnut, St. John's wort, chamomile, peppermint, white willow, sage, and many others. The biological activity and anti-inflammatory effect of selected plants are attributed to different groups of secondary biomolecules such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, sterols, terpenoids, sesquiterpenes, and tannins. This paper provides an overview of plants with traditional anti-inflammatory use in Serbia with reference to available studies that examined this effect. Plants used in traditional medicine could be a powerful source for the development of new remedies. Therefore intensive research on the bioactive potential of medicinal plants in each region should be the focus of scientists around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the research findings of the survey and a review of the scientific and professional literature, this paper seeks to indicate a correlation between vaccine hesitancy and national security. On the one hand, the paper argues that health is of particular concern to the modern sovereign state and its security, and that the vaccine as a civilizational achievement is one of the most vital mechanisms for safeguarding public health and, by extension, national security. On the other hand, the paper contends that vaccine hesitancy should also be considered a threat to national security. What vaccine hesitancy means and what factors contribute to it is something of a blind spot in Serbia’s public and academic discourse. The survey findings have shown that vaccine hesitancy is influenced by various factors and conclude that Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy in Serbia can be considered a threat to national security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout the past decade, sustainability has been one of the most important topics among academics and within the business community. The adoption of ESG practice and the creation of holistic business models is on the agenda of the entire financial industry, predominantly among banking and investment entities. The paper aims to analyse the regulatory framework and current practice of sustainable business models with respect to the most important international banks operating within the Serbian economy. The analysis encompasses the descriptive assessment of ESG regulations, the reporting framework in the sustainability domain, and the quantitative analysis of ESG metrics and their statistical relationship with banks’ financial performance. Due to various limitations, such as a lack of quantitative metrics and an unstandardized reporting practice, research was performed on a sample of four international banks operating in Serbia, for the period between the years 2015 and 2021. The statistical results of the regression analysis do not show a significant relationship between ESG metrics and the financial performance of the examined banks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Word associations are an important part of cognitive-linguistic and ethnolinguistic research on semantics. Associative responses to stimulus words provide important information about their lexical meaning. In cognitive studies, there is a vast interest in examining the connection between language and music. The aim of this research is to determine and compare the conceptualisations of music in the French and Serbian languages through the associative connection between the stimulus word music and the responses given by French and Serbian students. The conceptual organisation of the associative material will establish the extent to which the perception of music in the two observed linguacultural communities is specific, and the extent to which it expresses universal characteristics. The empirical material for the research was excerpted from two associative dictionaries of French and Serbian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/purpose: An adequate selection of vehicles used for the transport of goods is a very important factor that affects the economical and rational use of vehicle fleets, as well as the quality and efficiency of carrying out transport activities in the Serbian Armed Forces. The goal of this work is to design a model that should be of help to the traffic service authorities to select the vehicle that is best for the performance of the assigned transport task based on the defined criteria. Мethods: This paper therefore proposes a model for the selection of vehicles for the transport of goods using a fuzzy logic system, as a type of artificial intelligence system. In order to solve the problem of choosing a vehicle for the transport of goods, five criteria are defined in the work based on a survey of the commanders of the transport lines, which represent the input values in the fuzzy logic system.The vehicle is selected based on five criteria. The input variables are represented by three membership functions, while the output variable is defined by five membership functions. All the rules in the fuzzy logic system are determined using the rule premise weight aggregation method (ATPP), which enables the formation of a rule base based on experience. By applying this method and based on the number of input variables and the number of their membership functions, a base of 243 rules was defined. The values of the weighting coefficients of the membership functions were determined using the LMAW method. A user "interface" program was created for the developed fuzzy logic system, which enables the practical application of this model. Rеsults: The model was tested on the example of choosing the optimal vehicle for goods transported to the IVP "Pasuljanske livade" in 2020. The selection of the optimal means of transport was made among the transport motor vehicles that are most used in the Serbian Army, namely: TAM 150 T11, FAP 2026 and FAP 1118. After packing all three vehicles with these goods in Cube IQ and after performing calculation and evaluation of individual vehicles in the user "interface" program, the values of the output variable for each vehicle were obtained. The obtained values for each vehicle were ranked and the optimal vehicle for the transport of defined goods was shown to be the FAP 1118. Conclusion: The significance of this study is that it is among the first ones to demonstrate the application of a model based on artificial intelligence that solves the problem of vehicle selection for the transportation of movable assets. The study provides considerable opportunity for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovations and innovation activity are regulated in the Republic of Serbia by the Law on Innovation Activity, which was fundamentally reformed in 2022 after almost 11 years. For the first time, the terms startup, spinoff, business angel, and other important ones, well-known in the business environment, were introduced into Serbian law. The main goal of the Law on Innovation Activities is to create a national innovation system of the Republic of Serbia and to support the development of innovations. In order to better understand the new legal solutions, it is necessary to answer the questions concerning the broader context: "What is innovation, and what is innovation activity?" The author starts from the broadest theoretical analysis of the basic concepts of innovative activity, then analyzes the Law on Innovation Activity as a whole, and finally provides an overview of the novelties introduced by the adoption of the new Law. The ultimate goal of the analysis is to find the ratio legis of the reformed Law on Innovation Activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with specific problem regarding required joinder of parties in litigation, namely legal consequences of rendering the judgment despite the failure to join a necessary party, but with court's failure to detect the issue, i.e. is the lacking necessary party bound by judgement? Dominant opinion, both in domestic and foreign representative legal theory and case law, decline res judicata effect, while some Serbian scholars accept it. Research based on constitutional and dogmatic scale shows that extension of res judicata effect could not be deemed as Serbian lex lata. The concept of required joinder of parties is based on protection of right to be heard of all necessary parties, so the contrary standpoint would diminish, or moreover infringe such basic human right. In addition, there is no legal ground for such extension of res judicata effect, bearing in mind provisions of Serbian Code of Civil Procedure. Lastly, if lacking necessary party would be bound by judgement, the very concept of required joinder of parties would be reduced ad absurdum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fiduciary transfer of property is a controversial institute of real law, dating back to Roman law, which has been revived and reshaped by modern practice. The institute, as a kind of conditional, content-limited property, has had its significant place in the Law on Property and Other Real Rights in Croatia for 25 years, as an atypical real guarantee that is functionally most similar to the right of lien. The subject of the paper is a comparative and axiological analysis of this institute in positive Croatian law and its status in Serbian law, whose positive regulations do not regulate this institute, but whose introduction is proposed by one of the two legal drafts. Considering the situation in Serbian judicial practice, which has been vacillating for a long time regarding the issue of the permissibility of this institute, and in doctrine - which generally recognizes it, the author’s position is that this institute should be standardized in Serbian law de lege ferenda, for legal certainty, whereby the Croatian regulation represents a potential model. Hence, it is important to critically assess certain segments of this solution, starting with the question of origin, expediency, content, effect and legal nature. The final goal of the paper is to evaluate the adequacy of the compared solutions, as well as formulate proposals for regulating fiduciary property de lege ferenda, as part of the planned reform of the Serbian civil law, as well as of the harmonization of national solutions at regional level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pig production is one of the most important elements of Serbian livestock breeding sector. Although it faces numerous challenges, there is not enough research focused on its economic effectiveness. The goal of this research is to analyze influence of regional disparities on economic efficiency of investments in Serbian pig production. The main methodological approach was to determine the present value of investments in pig production (for Mačva and Šumadija regions). Authors applied sensitivity and scenario analysis, as well. Riskiness of investments is compared using standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the expected present value. The results indicated significant influence of labor costs on net cash flows (especially in Šumadija region). Analysis revealed that (in usual circumstances) investments in pig production in Mačva region are more economically efficient. Nevertheless, rather small increase in pig price could lead to equal present values in both regions. It was determined that investments are riskier in Šumadija region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper shows the relation between gross domestic product (GDP) and investments in the Republic of Serbia. The observed relation was analyzed at the economy level, as well as in agricultural particular. The observation period is from 2005 to 2020. The function of investments is overviewed through the capital ratio. In this way, it was established to what extent part of the newly created value is returned to the production process, both at the level of the entire economy and at the level of agricultural activity separately. The low participation of investments in the gross domestic product is highlighted, which indicates an unfavorable relationship towards economic and agricultural activity for the observed time period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solemn meeting of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa and Serbian Grand Župan Stephen Ne- manja in Niš in 1189 was an important event in the Third Crusade. The latter was seeking to join the political orbit of the German ruler, to take part in the expected future war against Byzantium, and to get approval of the previous as well as future potential Serbian conquests. Analogies have been drawn between the ritual aspects of their summit and similar phenomena happening at the time in the Byzantine and Western world. Vividly staged acts served to regulate and solidify public and personal relations. They were often devoid of feudal connotations, as was the case in Niš. Functional and formal similarities of ritual practices deriving from disparate cultural and socio-political envi- ronments made the non-verbal trans-cultural communication between two rulers more aligned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zbornik Radova Pravnog Fakulteta u Nisu is the property of Law Faculty in Nis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zbornik Radova Pravnog Fakulteta u Nisu is the property of Law Faculty in Nis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Slavistična Revija is the property of Slavisticno Drustvo Slovenije and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyzes the influence and predictive effects of knowledge management on job satisfaction. The aim of this paper is to develop a model based on the effects of knowledge management on job satisfaction. The data were obtained by interviewing 520 managers of all levels from manufacturing enterprises in Serbia. The results showed that knowledge management has a complex influence on job satisfaction. It negatively affects the dimensions of Salary, Promotion, and Supervision and positively influences the Additional Benefits dimension, while having combined effects on the other dimensions. In a working environment where knowledge management levels are high, employees may perceive their salaries, rewards, and promotion opportunities as inadequate. This is because they feel they deserve more due to their knowledge, ability, engagement, and the enterprise's success. Serbian enterprises are often unable to pay their employees higher salaries. The theoretical importance of the results is precisely in the fact that the individual relations of the observed dimensions are determined and that the desired model is developed. The practical significance of the work is that leaders and managers, based on these relations, can see the possibilities and ways to improve certain aspects of knowledge management and job satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Društvena Istraživanja is the property of Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of the Faculty of Law in Belgrade is the property of University of Belgrade, Faculty of Law and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The principle of equality proclaimed by the Edict of Gulhane (tur. Gülhane Hatt-ı Şerîf) in 1839 resulted in many changes in the socio-political sphere of the Ottoman society, but also with several legal acts regarding education issued by the Ottoman authorities. The Constitution of the Ottoman Empire from 1876 proclaimed equality between all citizens of the state regardless of ethnicity and religion. Even though, relations between the Albanian and Serbian populations in the Kosovo Vilayet were tense in all aspects of socio-political spheres. The representatives of Albanians, as a majority in the vilayet, defended the status of Islam as a dominant religion and Christianity as a religion of slaves (rayah). As the Ottoman authorities issued many legal acts regarding formal basic education in Islamic primary schools (mekteb) during the second half of the 19th century, tensions and misunderstandings between the Serbian and Albanian populations increased. This paper analyzes relations between Serbs and Albanians in the Vilayet of Kosovo in 1878-1912 in the area of implementation of the right to primary education for both communities as this issue has not been researched in detail until now. Our research is based on interdisciplinary approach to the subject and the use of primary archival sources of the Ottoman and Serbian provenance, as well as the relevant literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the fall of the sultan's rule in the Balkans, the natural aspiration of the rural population was to take control over the lands belonging to the great Muslim landowners - in the case of Bulgarians and Serbs, the agricultural reforms implemented in 1880 became the fulfilment of these expectations. The comparative method was used to formulate the new conclusions on the property relations in these two South Slavic countries at the end of the 19th century, provide an indication of the characteristics of the Serbian and Bulgarian villages as well as to highlight the common features of both countries. An attempt will be made to define the factors that could have contributed to these differences and similarities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industry / Industrija is the property of Economics Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of the 'Carol I' National Defence University / Buletinul Universitatii Nationale de Aparare 'Carol I' is the property of Carol I National Defence University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article presents the in-depth analysis of the disciplinary landscape of ethnology and anthropology in Serbia within the institutional contexts of humanities and social sciences. Focusing on the Department of Ethnology and Anthropology at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, it provides insights into the main subdisciplines, fields, and themes of research since 2006, a time when significant publishing activity was invigorated and the Bologna Process reforms were implemented in Serbian universities. Using a theoretical approach to knowledge production as a complex mosaic of complementary research, rather than a hierarchy of different quality works, the article tracks the dynamics of disciplinary (re)orientations in the Department over the past 16 years. This is accompanied by a methodological approach whereby the author does not assume the role of an epistemic arbiter who selects and labels representative work, but instead invites members of the studied Department to exercise the selection processes by filling out a survey that the author composed and distributed. The article is based on information collected through the survey, the Department documentation, as well as the author's own interpretation of the published works. Related subdisciplines are grouped in larger wholes and presented in counter-alphabetical order of the names given to them. Finally, the concluding part discusses the innovative and dynamic developments of the Department's faculty research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the reign of Prince Milan Obrenovic, the Herzegovina Revolt of 1875 broke out. First of all, Prince Milan, who avoided being involved in this revolt, could not resist the war-like atmosphere in his country and declared war against the Ottoman Empire on July 1, 1876. Prior to the war, the greatest support for Prince Milan, who brought the Russian General Chernayef to the head of his army, was given by Russia. Especially Slavic committees provided financial and volunteer assistance. Russian people also provided financial and moral aid, and these aids were published in the newspapers, which was aimed to spread the aid to the most remote places. In addition, Bulgarian volunteer units were established, and necessary means were provided to reach Serbia via Hocabek. Although Romania and Greece were neutral in the war, they acted suspiciously. In particular, the Romanians permitted the voluntary transition in their territory. The Serbs of the Austro-Hungarian Empire also supported the Serbs. However, Hungary banned Serbs living there to go to Serbia. There were also volunteers from the subjects of the Ottoman Empire. Especially, the Russian Embassy doctor in Istanbul and the Plovdiv Consul took the initiative in recruiting volunteers. They secretly sent the Bulgarian volunteers to Serbia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim. Measuring the quality of life (QoL) is vital in daily clinical practice because it shows significant information in addition to symptoms. There are a large number of scales for assessing the QoL. The Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life scale (BBQ) measures importance-adjusted satisfaction across six life areas. A validation study of the BBQ scale showed good questionnaire features (high concurrent and convergent validity, internal and test-retest reliability, and sensitivity to change). Therefore, the BBQ scale is excellent for use in psychiatric patients to measure outcomes, as well as for everyday screening. Methods. This prospective cross-sectional study was performed among the final-year students in five high schools in Kragujevac, Serbia. Students completed the BBQ questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using a standard statistical method for scale validation and standardization. Results. Our study showed that the BBQ scale had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.687). That result showed that the scale had good reliability in our study. The average BBQ score was 69.63 ± 16.70 (male: 69.66 ± 18.46; female: 69.83 ± 15.78, p = 0.944). Conclusion. The Serbian version of BBQ satisfies all the criteria of successful validation. Therefore, this scale can be helpful in assessing the QoL in the healthy youth population in Serbia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peripheral nerve surgery in Serbia has become the most fruitful subsection of national neurosurgery, with international recognition of Serbian surgeons and institutions. We chronicle landmark events in the history of the field in Serbia, highlighting the development of the field over time and outlining future prospects. This manuscript provides an example of the development of peripheral nerve surgery and associated training in a challenging social, political, and economic context and may guide the development of peripheral nerve surgery care and training in other settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]