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Disasters effectively break the ability of a community to operate effectively and create a serious challenge to both individual and community wellbeing. We analyse longer-term recovery as a system that enables community members to regain and retain material and subjective wellbeing. In this paper we posit that wellbeing needs to be understood as an important emergent property of a disaster recovery system. However, in certain cases wellbeing does not occur and the recovery system has become "stuck". We apply a systems traps lens to a well-known recovery effort where wellbeing did not emerge equitably or sufficiently to show where and how the system got stuck. We present three system traps that severely hindered wellbeing emergence following the Canterbury earthquakes. From this we suggest system traps are a useful analytical tool for those undertaking disaster recovery seeking to better support the development of wellbeing. We conclude that applying a systems traps lens to long-term recovery systems in general, and wellbeing in particular helps to both identify where challenges are located and how to address them. • Wellbeing is an emergent property of disaster recovery. • Wellbeing is prevented when recovery systems get 'stuck'. • System level decisions can affect wellbeing emergence. • System traps analysis reveals deep challenges to recovery post Canterbury 'quakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Counterfactual reasoning is a high-level causality-based cognitive approach. • Prior AI tourism research often overlooked potential causal effects in data. • AI-based counterfactual reasoning captures causal effects for tourism big data. • AI-based counterfactual reasoning complements experimental design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study develops a model based on the developmental theory of place attachment. The model considers the influence of tourists’ emotions on place attachment and the mediating effects of satisfaction and place attachment on the relationship between tourists’ emotions and intention to recommend. The model was tested using data collected from 464 international tourists at the end of their trip to Thailand. Results show that positive emotions, negative emotions and satisfaction are significant determinants of place attachment. In particular, negative emotions display a positive relationship with place attachment. In addition, only satisfaction mediates the relationship between tourists’ emotions and intention to recommend. Findings highlight the need for researchers to incorporate emotions in modeling place attachment and offer implications for marketers promoting Thailand as a tourist destination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study aims to examine residents’ perceptions of environmental impacts and certification for the Milan World Expo 2015 as well as their overall attitude toward the mega-event.Design/methodology/approach A survey of Milan residents based on a convenience sample led to 221 useable questionnaires.Findings Residents perceived that the Expo will have minimal negative and positive environmental impacts. A minority of residents were aware of the environmental certification of the event. The less agreeable residents were with the perceived negative environmental impacts of the event, the more agreeable they were that a certification of event sustainability should limit the damage to the natural environment. Residents’ perceptions of the certification were positively related to their overall attitude toward the event.Research limitations/implications The findings cannot be generalized to other mega-events but have several managerial implications in relation to the need for information provision to residents and better communication of the certification by event organizers and planners.Originality/value Despite rising concerns about environmental issues related to hosting mega-events, there is no research on perceptions of a certification of event sustainability by residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between self-image of women travelers, accommodation preferences and the post-consumption behaviors of satisfaction and loyalty.Design/methodology/approach Accommodation preferences were measured using multi-items adapted from the literature and multi-phases of qualitative research. Female guests recruited from a resort’s membership database in Malaysia resulted in 540 useable surveys. Data were analyzed using both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Structural equation modeling was used to identify relationships between the various dimensions of accommodation preferences, self-image, satisfaction and loyalty.Findings A significant negative relationship was found between women actual self-image and the dimension of hotel activities. Several significant positive relationships were found between women ideal self-image and various room amenities factors. A significant relationship was also found between overall satisfaction and loyalty of guests.Practical implications The results provide hoteliers with significant insights into women’s accommodation preferences and identify opportunities for the packaging of accommodation attributes as well as promotion of hotel amenities that would appeal to the girlfriend getaway market.Originality/value This study is the first to evaluate significant relationships between self-image and accommodation preferences of women travelers from the girlfriend getaway market in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extant studies on restaurant experiences have prioritised the examination of perceived authenticity often at the expense of other authenticity types, such as moral and existential authenticities. Using signalling theory, this study evaluates a model of authenticity cues to predict consumer repurchase intention. A survey of 424 consumers at time-honoured restaurants in China demonstrated that moral authenticity contributed more to consumers' perceived authenticity and intrapersonal (existential) authenticity than business ability-related authenticities (food, environment, and staff authenticities). Food and moral authenticities had a direct effect on repurchase intention. Theoretical and practical implications are offered. • Uses signalling theory to understand consumer perceived authenticity in time-honoured restaurants. • Applies the dichotomy of business ability versus morality to evaluate different types of authenticity. • Perceived restaurant authenticity and existential authenticity affect consumers' repurchase intention directly. • Business ability and moral authenticity cues affect perceived and existential authenticities differently. • Food authenticity and moral authenticity increase repurchase intention directly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assesses the effectiveness of guilt-decreasing appeals in reducing anticipated guilt regarding a luxury vacation and the maintenance of the happiness associated with a guilty pleasure. An experiment involving two independent groups was conducted on a sample of Chinese tourists. The results show that guilt can be reduced without compromising the benefits of a guilty pleasure. The more successful an advertisement is in depressing anticipated guilt, the more successful it is in enhancing the attitude toward the advertisement and toward the promoted vacation. Implications for destination advertising are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Halal tourism and hospitality, also referred to as Islamic or sharia tourism, has implications for both the consumption and production of tourism and hospitality products. A number of potential attributes of halal accommodation are identified and applied to an analysis of accommodation provider websites in Auckland and Rotorua, two major tourist destinations in New Zealand, a country that is increasingly seeking to position itself as a halal friendly destination in Asia and the Middle East. The analysis of 367 accommodation websites found only three sites that specifically mentioned halal and also identified a number of attributes that may deter more conservative halal tourists. The findings raise significant questions with respect to the capacity of the New Zealand accommodation sector to both convey appropriate accommodation information to the Islamic market as well as provide satisfying experiences to those who do stay. Substantial improvements in training, education and communication strategies are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This opinion piece argues the need for researchers to shift to resilience rather than crisis management research in tourism studies. While the two concepts are inherently linked, existing studies prioritize the latter rather than the former. Also, a strong focus on disasters as the backdrop for resilience research in tourism is highlighted. I argue that both fast and slow paced changes that impact the tourism system and conceptual issues with respect to concepts such as destination resilience must be studied. I highlight several gaps in the tourism literature on resilience and offer avenues for further research. Specifically, the need for research on destination resilience, psychological resilience, employee resilience and organizational resilience is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses a lack of research on the effects of consumer brand authenticity, brand image, and age, on brand loyalty in time-honored restaurants. Time-honored restaurants are long-established and well-recognized traditional restaurants that offer local or national foods and culinary culture. Empirical data were collected from 437 respondents in Beijing, China. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to ascertain relationships between variables, and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) validated the SEM results. The three brand authenticity dimensions were found to have differing effects on brand image and loyalty. True-to-fact authenticity had a significant effect on true-to-self authenticity, while true-to-ideal authenticity had a significant effect on brand image. True-to-self authenticity affects brand loyalty directly and indirectly through brand image. Some of the relationships were also moderated by consumer age. The results uncover the complexity inherent to consumer brand authenticity evaluations. They have implications for time-honored restaurants' marketing and brand positioning strategies. • Validates a three-dimensional structure of brand authenticity in time-honored restaurants. • Ascertains the effects of brand authenticity dimensions on brand image and loyalty. • Consumer age selectively affects relationships between brand authenticity, brand image and loyalty. • SEM and fsQCA results unveil linear and nonlinear relationships among the concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the propensity for long-haul independent travel amongst young Chinese travellers and evaluates the corresponding management implications. The paper reports findings of a survey of 403 potential travellers to Western Europe. Three clusters of visitors were identified based on their service expectations and profiled using their motives and socio-demographics. Unlike previous studies emphasising the homogeneous behaviour of the Chinese outbound market (e.g. packaged tours and group travel), our findings suggest a nascent Chinese independent travel segment that does not conform to Western conceptualisations of the ‘typical’ attitudes and behaviours of such visitors. This may portend the end of backpackers as a discrete group as the outbound Chinese market diversifies and engages Western Europe's independent travel infrastructure in multiple ways. Recommendations are offered for managing expectations, marketing independent travel amenities and facilities and service provision to these visitors. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Market segmentation is ubiquitous in marketing. Hierarchical and nonhierarchical methods are popular for segmenting tourism markets. These methods are not without controversy. In this study, we use bagged clustering on the push and pull factors of Western Europe to segment potential young Chinese travelers. Bagged clustering overcomes some of the limitations of hierarchical and nonhierarchical methods. A sample of 403 travelers revealed the existence of four clusters of potential visitors. The clusters were subsequently profiled on sociodemographics and travel characteristics. The findings suggest a nascent young Chinese independent travel segment that cannot be distinguished on push factors but can be differentiated on perceptions of the current independent travel infrastructure in Western Europe. Managerial implications are offered on marketing and service provision to the young Chinese outbound travel market. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]