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Next, Sprigge turns to musical commemorations of concentration camps, focusing on musical works and activities that fell under the rubric of "antifascism". I Socialist Laments i casts new light on how music helped people grieve and respond to trauma in the German Democratic Republic, from the end of the Second World War to the 1980s. She asks us to consider how the formation of collective memory in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) both drew on and countervailed against individuals' intimate practices of mourning. [Extracted from the article]

Investigation of the triggering mechanisms of radio active galactic nuclei (radio AGN) is important for improving our general understanding of galaxy evolution. In the first paper in this series, detailed morphological analysis of high-excitation radio galaxies (HERGs) with intermediate radio powers suggested that the importance of triggering via galaxy mergers and interactions increases strongly with AGN radio power and weakly with optical emission-line luminosity. Here, we use an online classification interface to expand our morphological analysis to a much larger sample of 155 active galaxies (3CR radio galaxies, radio-intermediate HERGs, and Type 2 quasars) that covers a broad range in both 1.4 GHz radio power and [O  iii ] λ5007 emission-line luminosity. All active galaxy samples are found to exhibit excesses in their rates of morphological disturbance relative to 378 stellar-mass- and redshift-matched non-active control galaxies classified randomly and blindly alongside them. These excesses are highest for the 3CR HERGs (4.7σ) and Type 2 quasar hosts (3.9σ), supporting the idea that galaxy mergers provide the dominant triggering mechanism for these subgroups. When the full active galaxy sample is considered, there is clear evidence to suggest that the enhancement in the rate of disturbance relative to the controls increases strongly with [O  iii ] λ5007 emission-line luminosity but not with 1.4 GHz radio power. Evidence that the dominant AGN host types change from early-type galaxies at high radio powers to late-type galaxies at low radio powers is also found, suggesting that triggering by secular, disc-based processes holds more importance for lower-power radio AGN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent changes in health care delivery have stimulated a debate about the function, funding, and future of the public health infrastructure in America. National leaders have encouraged local health departments […]

The coronary risk factor status of patients prior to and following coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) has been poorly investigated. Two consecutive series of CABG patients were surveyed following CABG. One hundred and thirty patients were assessed immediately following CABG and 530 patients were assessed 12-30 months following CABG. For the long-term post-CABG group, over 80% of those who had ever smoked had ceased. Sixty-four per cent of these males and 50% of females were classified as being overweight. Twenty-five per cent of males and 34% of females reportedly had high serum cholesterol (i.e. greater than or equal to 6.5 mmol/L). Comparing these CABG data with age-adjusted National Heart Foundation Risk Factor Prevalence Survey data, there was a higher prevalence of ex-smokers, overweight, hypertension, and elevated cholesterol. It was concluded that on most coronary risk factors, except for smoking, these CABG patients had a worse profile than the general Australian community. This problem warrants further research and the development of appropriate treatment programs.

The 1986 Adult Use of Tobacco Survey conducted by the Office on Smoking and Health of the Centers for Disease Control asked detailed questions on smoking behavior from a representative sample of 13,031 Americans. Using a smoking continuum developed from that survey as an index, it was postulated that a hard-core group of smokers would be overrepresented in some categories of this continuum in certain groups of the population. In this survey, more women than men who had quit in the preceding year had relapsed to smoking by the time of the survey. However, the fact that similar proportions of men and women had quit smoking for between one and five years suggested that the difference might not have involved the proportion who relapsed but only the timing of that relapse. Smokers over the age of 65 are more likely both to attempt to quit and to continue abstaining than those between ages 25 and 64. Results from this survey do not indicate a major group of smokers who either resist change or who feel unable to quit successfully.