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In Lithuania, the first half of the twentieth century was the beginning of the Lithuanian scholarly journals. Lithuanian humanities and social sciences, which were held in high esteem by Lithuanian society, were making efforts to reflect both the development of science and research in the country’s scientific past and to shed light on some of past events in Lithuania. History, therefore, was an important topic in first scholarly journals. This article is focused on historical texts (articles, reviews, bibliographies, publications of historical sources) in twenty different Lithuanian scholarly journals on history, language, literature, philosophy, religion, ethnology, economics, law, and some other disciplines from 1907 to 1941. The article starts with the first Lithuanian scholarly journal Lietuvių tauta and ends with the last historical journal of the interwar period released during the Second World War. It analyses all general sets of texts in the journals. This quantitative research attempts to show the frequency of historical texts in the scientific periodical press, the most common types of texts, the frequency of the publication of these texts during the analysed period, and the type of history (local or foreign) that was more important for each of the journals or serial publications. In addition, this article points to the historical themes and historical periods that used to recur most frequently and to the countries that were represented in historical texts. The results of the survey show that approximately 49% of all the articles in the surveyed periodical press could be described as historical: such texts comprised from 21 to 100% of all texts in each of the academic journals The most common type of such texts was the historical article (at least 70% of all texts), followed by the review and the publication of historical sources. The largest number of historical texts was published in the second half of the 1930s and the lowest in the period of 1900s to 1910s and in the second half of the 1920s. The history of Lithuania was represented in 60% of all texts and foreign history in 48% of them. Eight out of 20 analysed scholarly journals demonstrated preference for foreign history rather than local. The most common was the history of Germany, France, Russia, Italy, Poland, England, and the Baltic countries. The most common themes of historical texts in the scholarly periodical press were biographies, social, cultural, and political history. Historical themes were mostly related to different interests of sciences and there were huge differences between these groups. The survey also shows that although Lithuanian medieval history was much less important to almost all scholarly periodical press, it was interesting to the general public, and that some nineteenth-century Lithuanian historical events received more attention. The nineteenth century and the early twentieth century were the most analysed historical periods, but some journals were predominantly interested in ancient history. Some historical and language-related periodicals focused on the medieval and early modern history of Lithuania.

Quebec has a tradition of language columns, articles discussing questions related to the French language produced by a single author and published regularly in the periodical press. This study examines the content and discourse of a sample of these language columns produced by six authors in Quebec during the twentieth century to explore possible changes over time in the variety of French viewed as the standard or ideal French to aspire to. The article explicitly examines this question from the perspective of pluricentricity, little discussed in work on language columns to date, to test the hypothesis that there is a change over time from a strongly monocentric view of the standard to a somewhat more pluricentric view. The results show that while all the authors of language columns examined here adhere in varying degrees to a monocentric view of standard French, there is nonetheless a shift over the course of the century towards an acceptance of a more pluricentric model of standard French. These findings show the value of a small-scale, detailed qualitative approach in highlighting issues that deserve to be further explored.

Sachidananda Mohanty, Periodical Press and Colonial Modernity: Odisha, 1866–1936. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2016. 143 pages. ₹595.

This chapter argues that the periodical medium played a fundamental role in the construction of literary cosmopolitanism as a discursive phenomenon. It focuses on two periodicals launched in the fin de siècle: the American Cosmopolitan and the European Cosmopolis. The commercially oriented and middle-brow Cosmopolitan promoted cosmopolitanism as a female-gendered social identity linked to class privilege, as testified by the serialization of Elizabeth Bisland’s round-the-world trip in 1889. However, it also interrogated the cosmopolitan tendencies of modern American literature embodied by the writings of Henry James. By contrast, the short-lived Cosmopolis was a high-brow periodical that aimed to revive Kant’s Enlightenment ideal and Goethe’s notion of world literature. It was committed to multilingualism and to fighting nationalism. The chapter closes with an analysis of Cosmopolis as a competitor to the iconic 1890s English literary periodicals, the Yellow Book and The Savoy.

In the years following the death of the “Celtic Tiger”, Irish studies witnessed several exciting shifts in perceptions concerning book history, journalism and the periodical press in Ireland, and t...

The celebration of the October Revolution in the late Soviet period (1968–1984) is explored in this article. The empirical ground of the research is based on materials from the Tomsk periodical press. The theoretical foundations fit into the framework of the historiographic discussion between Aleksey Yurchak (the concept of the perfomative shift of ideological discourse) and Caroline Humphrey (the idea of a «creative» initiative based on the mimesis strategy). The holiday context is studied through the triad «structure–hyperstructure–anti-structure», which explains the stages of the celebration that existed during the researching period. The author poses the problem of the logic of constructing and reproducing the basic mechanisms of celebratory action on local material. Actualization of the research is considered through the situation of the modern status of commemorative spaces of «trauma» and «nostalgia» regarding the events of the October Revolution. The main research conclusions are related to determining the boundaries of the triad of celebratory actions and utterances under consideration. According to the source material, the combination of mechanisms for the implementation of hyperstructure and anti-structure of the celebration of the October Revolution Day reproduced the basis of the celebration — «structure» (which, by definition, should be a reflection of Soviet reality itself). So, the late Soviet celebration of the October Revolution did not reflect the principles of the classical «ritual process» (according to V. Turner)

Os estudos sobre a história da imprensa no Brasil têm tido consideráveis avanços nos últimos anos. De fato, pesquisadores dessa área têm dado grande contribuição ao analisarem o papel dos periódicos no processo de formação do Estado e da Nação brasileiros, seja no Oitocentos, quando as linhas de definição acerca da identidade nacional foram esboçadas e consolidadas, seja no século XX, a partir das novas demandas impostas pela implantação da República (1889) e a abolição da escravidão um ano antes (1888). Todavia, a despeito desses importantes estudos, a análise acerca da imprensa existente nas áreas interioranas e, mais especificamente, nos sertões da Bahia, ainda se constitui um campo em aberto para novas investigações. O artigo discute a importância da imprensa periódica como fonte documental e apresenta algumas possibilidades de pesquisa a partir do Jornal O Combate, um dos mais importantes e duradouros que circulou em Vitória da Conquista entre os anos de 1929, quando foi criado, e 1964.

Summarizing the scientific publications and production reports of enterprises that studied the environmental status of the Prut River in the last decades, as well as relevant reports in the periodical press and other media, it has been found that the quality of its water in the upper reaches is significantly deteriorating. The purpose of this article was to assess the quality of water in the Prut River in the upper flow according to various methods (including the complex of environmental indexes) to determine the degree of its pollution. The article presents the results of calculations of the complex ecological index (Ie) for assessing the water quality of the Prut river in the vicinity of the city of Yaremche. To establish sources of pollution of this river, an experimental study of the physical and chemical parameters of its water was carried out. A series of water samples from the Prut River in the area from the village Dora (suburb of Yaremche). upstream to the village Tatariv is studied laboratoryally. Samples were selected at six points of observation. The studies were conducted in two seasons: fall (september) and winter (january). The main pollutants and their concentrations in the selected samples are determined. Modern laboratory techniques and equipment are used for laboratory research. On the basis of laboratory examination of water samples from the river Prut in the upper reaches (the outskirts of the city of Yaremche) it was established that the water in this area is sufficiently clean; excess MPC value is not observed. An exception may be only a sample of water within the city of Yaremche, where there are increased concentrations of phosphates. It is also shown that winter water samples contain slightly more pollutants (including biogenic ions) than autumn. These facts may also be partly explained by the increase in airborne acid oxide emissions and their interaction with river water. According to the results of calculating the complex ecological index it was established that the Prut River water in the studied area belongs to the 2nd class of quality (the state is good). Separate samples from the control section within the city of Yaremche showed an increased value of the complex ecological index (Ie is 3.21 and 3.36 for the summer and winter series, respectively). The reason for this increase in the index is the pollution of the Prut River in the studied area due to the increase in anthropogenic pressure on it over the past years.

In 2018, between June14 and July 15, final matches of the FIFA World Cup-2018 were held in 11 cities of the Russian Federation. That event was the biggest mass event with international participation in the history of Russia. During the period, in the process of sanitary-epidemiological welfare provision, developed earlier scintific-and-practical achievementds for prevention of emergency situations of sanitary-epidemiologoical character were implemented to the fullest extent. Objective of the study – analysis of evolution of the developed in Russia scientifically-substantiated approaches in the sphere of sanitary-epidemiological welfare provision of mass events and aggregation of the results of their implementation during preparation and holding of FIFA World-Cup-2018. Utilized were information-analytical materials from the Rospotrebnadzor Administrations by the constituent entities of the Russian Federatuion, Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the entities of the Russian Federation, RusRAPI “Microbe” of the Rospotrebnadzor, data from Organizing Committee “Russia-2018”, Federal Turism Agency, information published in periodical press. Scientifically substantiated model of sanitary-epidemiological welfare provision during mass events was developed in the Russian Federation. It includes expert evaluation and quantification of potential epidemic hazard of mass event which allows for targeted prophylactic and anti-epidemic measures with rationalized loads and adequate frequency of repeat. The paper discusses the complex of measures carried out during preparation and holding of FIFA World Cup-2018 by the functional areas: sanitary protection of the territory; epidemiological surveillnace over relevant anthropozoonotic, natural-focal zoonotic, sapronotic infectious diseaseas; sanitary surveillance over communal facilities, catering facilities, sites of accomodation of the participants and guests; sanitary-hygienic monitoring of ambient environment objects; provision of anti-epidemic preparadeness and readiness of the Rospotrebnadzor authorities and institutions and medical organizations; provision of readiness of laboratory facilities; involvement of additional forces and capacities and interagency cooperation in response to emergency situations of sanitary-epidemiological character.

Historians of science and religion usually trace the origins of the “conflict thesis,” the notion that science and religion have been in perennial “conflict” or “warfare,” to the historical narratives of John William Draper (1811–1882) and Andrew Dickson White (1832–1918). While Draper and White have been designated cofounders of the conflict thesis, there has been little research on how contemporaries responded to their narratives. This paper examines the early reception of these narratives by considering the extensive commentary they received in British and American periodicals from 1856 to 1900. Sampling a selection of this material suggests that while many rejected Draper and White's interpretation of the past, many others agreed with them in affirming that theological dogmatism came into conflict with the advance of human knowledge. This essay also suggests that Draper and White may have had a more nuanced position about the history of science and religion than has been contended by modern scholars. Whatever their intentions, however, their historical narratives had the unintended consequence of creating in the minds of their contemporaries and later generations the belief that science and religion have been and are at war.

espanolSe da noticia de la publicacion de un poema de Feijoo en 1701, que pasa a ser su primera publicacion conocida, 18 anos anterior a la hasta ahora considerada como tal. Aunque el texto no aparece firmado, el hecho de encontrarse en copias manuscritas de epoca de la poesia de Feijoo apunta claramente hacia su autoria. Ademas, el poema, incluido en un pliego suelto en honor de Felipe V, permite testimoniar la actividad literaria de Feijoo en una epoca completamente desconocida, demuestra su interes por la prensa periodica (pues el poema fue escrito como respuesta a una propuesta lanzada desde la Gaceta de Madrid) y tambien patentiza su filiacion pro-borbonica en una fecha muy temprana, recien iniciada la Guerra de Sucesion. Se ofrece la edicion critica del poema, analizado luego en el contexto de la poesia de la epoca de los novatores. EnglishIn this paper we examine the publication of a poem by Feijoo in 1701, which happens to be his first known printed work, 18 years before the one so far considered as such. Although the text is not signed, the fact that it is found in manuscript copies of Feijoo's poetry points clearly to his authorship. In addition, the poem, included in a loose sheet in honour of Philip V, shows the literary activity of Feijoo in a completely unknown period of his life; demonstrates his interest in the periodical press (as the poem was written in response to a proposal launched from the Gaceta de Madrid); and also demonstrates his pro-Bourbon affiliation at a very early date, just after the begining of the War of Succession. The critical edition of the poem is also offered, and finally the text is analyzed in the context of the novator period..

”Vallankumous kuvaruudussa”: Kasettitelevisio ja keskustelu teknologisesta uutuudesta 1970-luvun alussaArtikkeli käsittelee videon varhaishistoriaa 1970-luvun alussa, jolloin suomalaislehdistössä käytiin keskustelua kasettitelevisiosta. Tuolloin mediateollisuuden toimijat esittelivät vielä tuotekehittelyssä olleita tallennuslaitteita ja kasetteja suomalaiskuluttajille television seuraavana vaiheena. Artikkelin aineistona on suomalaisen sanoma- ja aikakauslehdistön kasettitelevisiota käsitteleviä juttuja 1970-luvun alusta, jolloin keskustelu aktivoitui ja oli huomattavan laajaa. Olemme analysoineet media-aineistoa laadullisen tutkimuksen keinoin. Juttujen uudelleen luennassa merkitykselliset teemat nousevat analyysimme ja kontekstoinnin kohteiksi.Artikkeli kytkeytyy teknologian kulttuuriseen ja kulttuurihistorialliseen tutkimusotteeseen. Mediateknologiasta käydyn keskustelun analyysissä hyödynnetään toimijamaailman käsitettä. Se kuvaa mediateollisuuden toimijoiden uudelle teknologialle ennakoimaa käyttöä ja kontekstia. Teknologinen innovaatio rakentui kulttuurisesti ennen todentumistaan kulutustavarana.Ulkomailta Suomeen välittynyt kirjoittelu aktivoi kotimaisen joukkoviestinnän kentän. Keskustelussa olivat mukana laitevalmistajat, insinöörit, yhteiskuntatutkijat ja mediayritykset. Alan ensimmäiset liiketoiminnalliset aloitteet sähköistivät ja puoluepolitisoivat keskustelun. Ajalle tyypillisesti puolueiden viestintäpoliittiset kannat jakaantuivat oikeisto-vasemmisto-akselin mukaan. Oikeisto kannatti uusien teknologioiden myötä audiovisuaalisen viestinnän mahdollisimman vapaata markkinataloudellista kilpailua, kun taas vasemmisto toivoi valtionohjausta. Artikkeli osoittaa, että teknologioiden varhaisvaiheiden tutkimus antaa ymmärrystä siitä, miten mediateolliset ratkaisut ovat seurausta eri toimijoiden ja ideoiden kamppailusta. “A Revolution on the TV Screen”: Cassette television and discussion about technological innovation in the early 1970sThe article explores the early history of video technology in the beginning of the 1970s. There was a short period of time during which the Finnish press talked intensively about cassette television. The discussion included, in equal proportion, actual and imagined recording devices and cassettes. At the time, active development of the equipment was ongoing and its future use was introduced to Finnish consumers as the next stage of television.Research material of this article consists of the stories of the Finnish press and periodical press which process the cassette television since the beginning of the 1970s. Methodologically, the research material is analyzed from a cultural historical point of view, using qualitative content analysis. Moreover, the analysis uses the concept of actor–network theory (acteur réseau) to describe how actors of the media industries anticipated the use and the contexts of the new technology. It is evident that the technological novelty, cassette television, was culturally constructed before it existed as a material product available for consumers.Technological news concerning cassette television came from international sources and activated Finnish media. The debate on cassette television involved equipment manufacturers, engineers, social scientists, and policy-makers of the Finnish media companies. As early as 1971 there was the first initiative to form cassette technology to businesses. When this became known to the public, the discussion turned into party politics. At the time, Finnish parties were active in communication policy, which was strictly divided into the sides of the political right and left. Concerning new audiovisual communication technologies, the political right advocated for free competition on the media market, while the left wanted strict control by the state. Through the examination of the cassette television debate, the article demonstrates how an analysis of the early stages of a certain technology can help in understanding how choices and solutions made by media industries are typically results of activities of, and struggles between, several actors.

Like any social phenomenon, the press also has its own history and develops according to the objective laws of its development. Prior to the advent of the printing press and book printing, books were distributed through the creation of hand-written copies. At a certain stage of the development of society, there was a need for a printed word, and as a result, the first lithographs and printing presses appear. The origin and formation of the periodical press in the languages of the peoples of Dagestan is the result of the socioeconomic and political development of society. At the beginning of the 20th century, the first prerequisites for the appearance of printed materials in the languages of the peoples of Dagestan were born in Dagestan. Despite the new state system, the peoples of Dagestan still gave preference to the Arabic graphics and with the help of this letters continued to write, and it is no coincidence that the first Dagestani newspapers were published on the basis of this alphabet. The new Soviet state made every effort to create the national Dagestani press. If the Arabic periodicals of the period of the revolution and civil war in other languages of the peoples of Dagestan, in particular, in Kumyk and Lak, have been studied in part, then the publications in the Avar language however, have not been practically studied and introduced into scientific circulation. Moreover, most of them are still not identified, and there is no information on the number of such publications, let alone the content of newspaper articles.In this connection, the paper attempts, for the first time, to introduce into the scientific circulation newly discovered Arabic newspapers in the Avar language. The history of the formation and development of the periodical press in Dagestan is considered, and printed publications in the Avar language are studied through the prism of the Dagestan periodicals. The objective of the study is identification, paleographic characteristics and a general overview of the currently obtained Arabic periodicals in the Avar language.

This article examines the depiction of cinemas and film culture in mainstream literary periodicals between 1910 and 1920. It focuses on the role played by illustrated magazines (Quiver, the Pall Mall Magazine and the Strand) in legitimizing film as an art form and countering accusations of immorality from anti-cinema activists. It also looks at the role played by early cinema fiction within this discourse. The final section explores the changes to authorship wrought by the globalization of cinema and the periodical press during and immediately after the First World War.

The cultural and educational development of the Ukrainian SSR in the 1960’s is considered in the article through the prism of the Kiev periodical press. The general tendencies of formation of the informational and propaganda potential of the Kiev periodicals of the 1960’s were studied, and information on their quantitative and language composition was proposed. The topics and contents of published periodicals revealing the state of the spiritual life of Ukraine are revealed, and the characteristics of the Soviet regime in the period of its liberalization are determined. As a result of the analysis of the Kiev press, a considerable amount of newspaper publications were introduced into the scientific circulation, on the basis of which the main aspects and forms of Soviet modernization of the educational and cultural life of the Ukrainian SSR were determined, the Kiev newspapers are presented as a rich event-fact phenomenon, as an important Ukrainian factor in all spheres of cultural and educational development of the Ukrainian SSR. The obtained data allowed to establish the main thematic complexes that reveal the state of the spiritual life of Ukraine of that time, in particular: the orientation of the Soviet authorities to the introduction of school legislation, which would allow the creation of a Ukrainian school, which should be based on the principle of combining general education and polytechnic education; definition of the role and place of the teacher in raising the competence of pupils; problems of preparation for the Ukrainian school of highly qualified specialists; study of the Ukrainian language in general schools, provision of schools with high-quality textbooks on the Ukrainian language, creation of the necessary conditions for its study; material and technical basis of the school educational process; the restructuring of higher education, the training of engineers in higher education establishments, the teaching of mathematical disciplines in higher educational institutions, the interconnection of higher education with life; development of Ukrainian literature and literary criticism, national theater, cinema, musical art, artistic amateur activities; activity of Ukrainian libraries; problems of forging exemplary service for readers by books, book trade in the countryside.

The article analyzes the features of the formation and development of the construction industry in the Ulyanovsk region in the 1960-80ies, as well as the state of the material and technical base of construction. The relevance of the study is due to both the historiographical lacuna on this topic and the degree of high social significance of the housing construction sector. A detailed analysis of the housing policy of local authorities in Ulyanovsk and Dimitrovgrad is necessary to recreate the historical reality that has developed in the region during this period. The main difficulties of implementing the programme of mass housing construction are revealed. Archival data from the funds of the State archive of the Ulyanovsk region and the State archive of the modern history of the Ulyanovsk region are introduced into scientific circulation, materials of the periodical press are involved. It is noted that the construction was characterized by construction monotony, questionable architectural value of buildings, allowed irrational layout of housing: small apartments with low ceilings, small kitchens, walk-through rooms. The authors claim that the campaign initiated by the local party bodies in the 1960ies-1980ies to build residential quarters in Ulyanovsk and Dimitrovgrad helped to significantly relieve tensions in the housing sector: the population was provided with comfortable housing, resettlement from communal apartments, barracks, dilapidated housing was carried out.