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252. Anatomical distribution analysis reveals lack of Langerin+ dermal dendritic cells in footpads and tail of C57 BL/6 mice.

Author

Voisin, Benjamin, Mairhofer, David Gabriel, Chen, Suzie, Stoitzner, Patrizia, Mueller, Christopher George, and Flacher, Vincent

Subjects
LANGERHANS cells, DENDRITIC cells, T cells, LYMPH nodes, MICE
Abstract

Epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) and dermal dendritic cells (dDCs) capture cutaneous antigens and present them to T-cells in lymph nodes (LNs). The function of LCs and Langerin+ dDCs was extensively studied in the mouse, but their anatomical repartition is unknown. Here, we found LCs in back skin, footpads and tail skin of C57BL/6, BALB/c, 129/Sv and CBA/J mice. Langerin+ dDCs were readily observed in back skin of all strains, but only in footpads and tail of BALB/c and CBA/J mice. Similarly, while LCs were equally present in all LNs and strains, Langerin+ dDCs were found in popliteal LNs (draining footpads) only in BALB/c and CBA/J mice. The sciatic LNs, which we identified as the major tail-draining lymphoid organ, were devoid of Langerin+ dDCs in all strains. Thus, functionally different DCs reside in different skin areas, with variations among mouse strains, implying a potential impact on the cutaneous immune reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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253. Regulation of BRCA1expression and its relationship to sporadic breast cancer

Author

Mueller, Christopher and Roskelley, Calvin

Abstract

Germ-line mutations in the BRCA1tumour suppressor gene contribute to familial breast tumour formation, but there is no evidence for direct mutation of the BRCA1gene in the sporadic form of the disease. In contrast, decreased expression of the BRCA1gene has been shown to be common in sporadic tumours, and the magnitude of the decrease correlates with disease progression. BRCA1 expression is also tightly regulated during normal breast development. Determining how these developmental regulators of BRCA1 expression are co-opted during breast tumourigenesis could lead to a better understanding of sporadic breast cancer aetiology and the generation of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing sporadic breast tumour progression.

Published
2002
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254. Transcriptional Control of the Factor IX Gene: Analysis of Five Cis-Acting Elements and the Deleterious Effects of Naturally Occurring Hemophilia B Leyden Mutations

Author

Picketts, David J., Mueller, Christopher R., and Lillicrap, David

Abstract

Hemophilia B Leyden is a rare form of inherited factor IX deficiency in which patients experience spontaneous post-pubertal recovery of factor IX levels. The mutations resulting in this disorder are localized in a 40-nucleotide region encompassing the major transcriptional start site for factor IX. Here we report the further characterization of five cis-acting elements in the factor IX promoter and the effects on protein binding and transcriptional activation of five Leyden mutations (at nucleotides +13, -5, -6, -20, and -26) that occur within the proximal three elements (sites 1 through 3). Band-shift studies using nuclear extracts from four different rat tissues have shown that at least some of the proteins binding to each of the five sites are ubiquitous in nature. The pattern of DNA binding at site 1 suggests that this element plays an important role in mediating the liver-specific expression of factor IX. Additional studies with liver nuclear extracts obtained at several different points in development have shown an increase in DNA binding at sites 1, 4, and 5 between 1 day and 1 week. Using DNase I footprint analysis and competition bandshift studies, we have shown that the binding of nuclear proteins to each of the mutant sites is disrupted to a variable extent. There appears to be some, although reduced, protein binding to all of the mutant oligonucleotides apart from the -26 mutant. In vitro transcription assays have shown that each of the mutations reduces the global proximal promoter activity by ≍40%. Two double mutant promoters did not show any additional downregula-tion in the in vitro transcription assay. In experiments designed to assess the relative transcriptional activity mediated from each of the five sites independently, we have tested artificial homopolymer promoters of each site in the in vitro transcription assay. These studies show that sites 4 and 5 are the strongest activators and that transactivation from site 5 is further enhanced by the albumin D site-binding protein. In summary, these investigations show deleterious effects of each of the Leyden mutations tested on the binding of trans-acting factors and also show disruption of transcriptional activation in a functional in vitro transcription assay. Our results also show that cis-acting elements 4 and 5 are the principal activators of this locus.

Published
1994
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257. The Intrinsic and Extrinsic Implications of RANKL/RANK Signaling in Osteosarcoma: From Tumor Initiation to Lung Metastases.

Author

Navet, Benjamin, Ando, Kosei, Vargas-Franco, Jorge William, Brion, Régis, Amiaud, Jérome, Mori, Kanji, Yagita, Hideo, Mueller, Christopher G., Verrecchia, Franck, Dumars, Clotilde, Heymann, Marie-Françoise, Heymann, Dominique, and Lézot, Frédéric

Subjects
CELL proliferation, ANIMAL experimentation, BIOPSY, CELL differentiation, CELL lines, CELL receptors, CELLULAR signal transduction, GENE expression, IMMUNE response, IMMUNOCOMPETENT cells, LUNG tumors, MEMBRANE proteins, METASTASIS, MICE, TUMOR classification, IN vitro studies, OSTEOSARCOMA, IN vivo studies, DISEASE complications, DIAGNOSIS, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most frequent form of malignant pediatric bone tumor. Despite the current therapeutic arsenal, patient life-expectancy remains low if metastases are detected at the time of diagnosis, justifying research into better knowledge at all stages of osteosarcoma ontogenesis and identification of new therapeutic targets. Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor κB (RANK)expression has been reported in osteosarcoma cells, raising the question of Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor κB Ligand (RANKL)/RANK signaling implications in these tumor cells (intrinsic), in addition to previously reported implications through osteoclast activation in the tumor microenvironment (extrinsic). Methods: Based on in vitro and in vivo experimentations using human and mouse osteosarcoma cell lines, the consequences on the main cellular processes of RANK expression in osteosarcoma cells were analyzed. Results: The results revealed that RANK expression had no impact on cell proliferation and tumor growth, but stimulated cellular differentiation and, in an immune-compromised environment, increased the number of lung metastases. The analysis of RANKL, RANK and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expressions in biopsies of a cohort of patients revealed that while RANK expression in osteosarcoma cells was not significantly different between patients with or without metastases at the time of diagnosis, the OPG/RANK ratio decreased significantly. Conclusion: Altogether, these results are in favor of RANKL-RANK signaling inhibition as an adjuvant for the treatment of osteosarcoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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258. A tale from the field : an ethnographic study of power dynamics in leadership work

Author

Mueller, Christopher

Subjects
658.4
Abstract

In this thesis, I take a practice-based approach to examine the ways in which the work of leadership is socially accomplished, and thereby implicated with power dynamics. Although the Leadership-as-Practice (LAP) literature acknowledges the omnipresence and significance of the ways in which power dynamics are brought to bear on leadership, studies that focus on such dynamics remain rare. In this thesis, therefore, I contribute to conversations indeed concerned with the relationship between power dynamics and practices, by asking how power dynamics are implicated in the work of leadership, and how said dynamics contribute to the ways in which leadership gets accomplished. I studied these questions ethnographically at a British textiles organisation, comprising approximately 100 employees. Access, thereby, concentrated on the ‘commercial' part of the company. The main methods of inquiry were participant observations supplemented with variously structured interviews. To analyse my substantial data set subsequently, I conducted a thematic analysis. Doing so yielded three major ways in which power dynamics are implicated in the work of leadership: through shaping normativity of leadership work, enabling and constraining action, as well as including and excluding actors from practices. My thesis thus contributes to the literatures of practice and LAP in several ways. First, theorising power dynamics in practices can itself be seen as an important contribution – whilst my conceptual framework developed in this thesis might be adopted to conduct future research. Second, I demonstrate the critical role of normativity in the work of leadership, which also entails showing that not only do practices produce power dynamics as argued by the present literature, but that power dynamics affect the way in which practices and thus leadership are accomplished. Third, by theorising the recursive relationship between practice and power further, my thesis demonstrates that it is not practice per se that enables and constrains possible activity, but the interplay between the two phenomena. Lastly, I contribute to the literature by highlighting the ways in which dynamics of access to practices are brought to bear on how the work of leadership gets accomplished.

Published
2017

259. "Make Him an Offer He Can't Refuse"-- Mezzanatto Waivers as Lynchpin of Prosecutorial Overreach

Author

Mueller, Christopher B.

Subjects
plea bargaining, waivers, Mezzanatto, Rules of Evidence, impeachment, overcharging, overincarceration, overcriminalization, prosecutors, exclusionary principles, Contracts, Courts, Criminal Procedure, Evidence, Supreme Court of the United States
Abstract

Plea bargaining is the dominant means of disposing of criminal charges in the United States, in both state and federal courts. This administrative mechanism has become a system that is grossly abusive of individual rights, leading to many well-known maladies of the criminal justice system, which include overcharging, overincarceration, convictions on charges that would likely fail at trial, and even conviction of “factually innocent” persons. Instrumental in the abuses of plea bargaining is the so-called Mezzanatto waiver, which takes its name from a 1995 Supreme Court decision that approved the practice of getting defendants to agree that anything they say in negotiations with prosecutors can be admitted against them if a trial ensues, despite Evidence Rule 410, which provides that such statements are inadmissible. These waivers, which are largely overlooked in the vast literature that criticizes plea bargaining, are in fact lynchpins in a system that is horrifying to contemplate. These waivers mean that the very act of negotiation almost guarantees conviction of something, imposing one-sided risks on defendants that can only benefit prosecutors. They amount to a kind of palpable unfairness that the system tolerates. They not only contribute to the maladies described above, but they produce rulings (if a trial goes forward) that admit unreliable statements. There are many reasons why these waivers should be disapproved, including policy arguments (they are unfair, produce bad results and unreliable statements) and arguments based on contract law, on Rule 410 itself, on a widely-recognized but seldom enforced “unitary” principle, and – finally – on the “Mezzanatto proviso” (a widely ignored term in the decision itself). This Article explores the origins and operation of Mezzanatto waivers, examines and expounds the reasons for disapproving them and taking a new direction, and offers a reply to standard arguments that prosecutors need them (they really do not and have other means to hold defendants to their bargains).

Published
2017

260. Taking a Second Look at MDL Product Liability Settlements: Somebody Needs to Do It

Author

Mueller, Christopher B.

Subjects
class action, multidistrict litigation, mass tort, product liability, global settlement, quasi-class action, collateral challenge, Civil Procedure, Legal Remedies, Litigation, Torts
Abstract

This Article examines the forces that lead to the settlement of product liability cases gathered under the MDL statute for pretrial. The MDL procedure is ill-suited to this use, and does not envision the gathering of the underlying cases as a means of finally resolving them. Motivational factors affecting judges and lawyers have produced these settlements, and the conditions out of which they arise do not give confidence that they are fair or adequate. This Article concedes that MDL settlements are likely here to stay, and argues that we need a mechanism to check such settlements for fairness and adequacy. The best way to do so is to allow collateral review of such settlements in suits brought by dissatisfied claimants.

Published
2017

261. Emerging immune functions of non-hematopoietic stromal cells.

Author

Mueller, Christopher G. and Coles, Mark Christopher

Subjects
HEMATOPOIETIC stem cells, STROMAL cells, CELL communication, IMMUNE system, GROWTH factors, IMMUNOLOGY
Abstract

The article discusses research on immune stroma, which creates a microenvironment for hematopoietic cell-cell interactions, the operation of the immune system, and molecular cues governing hematopoietic cell positioning, growth, and survival. Topics discussed include the importance of stroma in immunology, early works on defining the action of a set of molecules required for primary and secondary lymphoid organ formation, and the interaction between stroma and hematopoietic cells.

Published
2014
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263. Plasma proteome of growing tumors.

Author

Gupta, Shashi, Westacott, Matthew J., Ayers, Deborah G., Weiss, Sophie J., Whitley, Penn, Mueller, Christopher, Weaver, Daniel C., Schneider, Daniel J., Karimpour-Fard, Anis, Hunter, Lawrence E., Drolet, Daniel W., and Janjic, Nebojsa

Subjects
*APTAMERS, *EARLY detection of cancer, *TUMOR proteins, *TUMOR markers, *OVARIAN tumors, *ENZYME metabolism
Abstract

Early detection of cancer is vital for the best chance of successful treatment, but half of all cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. A simple and reliable blood screening test applied routinely would therefore address a major unmet medical need. To gain insight into the value of protein biomarkers in early detection and stratification of cancer we determined the time course of changes in the plasma proteome of mice carrying transplanted human lung, breast, colon, or ovarian tumors. For protein measurements we used an aptamer-based assay which simultaneously measures ~ 5000 proteins. Along with tumor lineage-specific biomarkers, we also found 15 markers shared among all cancer types that included the energy metabolism enzymes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phophate isomerase and dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase as well as several important biomarkers for maintaining protein, lipid, nucleotide, or carbohydrate balance such as tryptophanyl t-RNA synthetase and nucleoside diphosphate kinase. Using significantly altered proteins in the tumor bearing mice, we developed models to stratify tumor types and to estimate the minimum detectable tumor volume. Finally, we identified significantly enriched common and unique biological pathways among the eight tumor cell lines tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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265. Posthumanism and the Ends of Technology

Author

Iveson, Richard, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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266. Posthumanism and the Anthropocene

Author

Bergthaller, Hannes, Horn, Eva, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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267. Entropology

Author

Armand, Louis, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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269. Posthumanism and Ethics

Author

Loh, Janina, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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270. Post-Vital Prajnaparamita

Author

Doyle, Richard, Conner, Trey, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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271. Posthumanism and Trauma

Author

Baelo-Allué, Sonia, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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272. Apocalypse

Author

Mussgnug, Florian, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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273. Language

Author

Kirby, Vicki, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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275. Posthumanist Disability Studies

Author

Goodley, Dan, Liddiard, Kirsty, Runswick-Cole, Katherine, Watts, Lucy, Whitney, Sally, Dobbin, Hannah, Moss, Craig, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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276. Blue Humanities

Author

Mentz, Steve, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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277. Geography and Posthumanism

Author

Miele, Mara, Bear, Christopher, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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278. Posthumanism and Plant Studies

Author

Lemm, Vanessa, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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279. Medical Humanities

Author

McFarlane, Anna, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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280. Digital Humanities and Posthumanism

Author

Hayler, Matt, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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281. Literature and Posthumanism

Author

Callus, Ivan, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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283. Environmental Posthumanities

Author

Daigle, Christine, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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284. Human-Animal Studies : Postzoomanities

Author

McHugh, Susan, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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286. Posthumanism and Anthropology

Author

Howard, Christopher A., Küpers, Wendelin M., Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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287. Critical Posthumanism, Justice, and Law

Author

Käll, Jannice, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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289. Energy Humanities

Author

Badia, Lynn, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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290. Posthumanism and Psychoanalysis

Author

Roof, Judith, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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291. Sound and Critical Posthumanism

Author

Vallee, Mickey, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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293. An Emerging Posthumanist Design Landscape

Author

Laurien, Thomas, Jönsson, Li, Lilja, Petra, Lindström, Kristina, Sandelin, Erik, Ståhl, Åsa, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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294. Posthumanism and Digital Gaming

Author

Milesi, Laurent, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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297. Accelerationism: Adventures in Speed

Author

Noys, Benjamin, Herbrechter, Stefan, editor, Callus, Ivan, editor, Rossini, Manuela, editor, Grech, Marija, editor, de Bruin-Molé, Megen, editor, and John Müller, Christopher, editor

Published
2022
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