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A series of MoS2 films were prepared by the chemical bath deposition method at different temperatures (60–80 °C). The film thicknesses range from 0.988 up to 10.25 µm. The films are polycrystalline. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) was used to study the magnetic properties of these MoS2 films. The experiments were done at room temperature with the magnetic field applied in the film plane. The magnetization curves indicate the coexistence of ferromagnetism and diamagnetism. The saturation and remnant magnetizations, the coercive and saturation fields as well as the diamagnetic susceptibility have been measured and are discussed as a function of the film thickness and the synthesis temperature. A change in the magnetic anisotropy is observed, and the magnetization easy axis direction switches from in-plane to out-of-plane as the thickness increases. The magnetic properties are correlated with the structural ones.

Lead sulfide (PbS) nanocubes are produced by a very simple solvothermal procedure that uses a unique molecule, ethylenediamine, as solvent and capping ligand to control the size and shape of the nanocrystals. Detailed structural, optical, and photoelectrochemical evaluation confirms the suitability of these nanoparticles for photocapacitive applications, when synergistically combined with spin‐coated BiVO4 photoelectrodes, as derived from the estimated energy diagram. Furthermore, the p–n junction facilitates the photo‐oxidation of PbS nanoparticles under light irradiation. In the dark, the photogenerated charges are released providing an electric output response with a solar‐to‐current efficiency of 0.042%, storing extra energy to the H2 produced by water splitting when the BiVO4 photoanode works under illumination. Herein, the importance of the synthetic route and methodology to ensemble materials for advanced solar energy storage applications is highlighted., We acknowledge financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spain through the project number ENE2017‐85087‐C3‐1‐R and Ramon y Cajal Fellowship (grant no. RYC‐2018‐025222‐I). Universitat Jaume I is also acknowledged for funding (project UJI—B2018‐71). Université de Tunis El‐Manar also acknowledges the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MHESR) for the financial support of this work.

Docimology has allowed the development of evaluative processes assuring valid, reliable and objective assessments. It was adopted within the faculty of Medicine of Tunis since 2007. The aim of this study was to analyze the docimological survey results of hematology-oncology exams, to evaluate the interest of this analysis in the elaboration of exams and the construction of an item bank, and propose some corrections in order to improve assessment. Methods :We have analyzed the hematology-oncology exams of SCMS1 (Second cycle of Medical Studies 1) from educational year 2008-2009 to 2013-2014. The data input was already done with Excel. The test includes 4 disciplines (Hematology, Oncology, Genetics and the Anatomic Pathology). We have calculated docimological parameters allowing global analysis, by discipline and by item. Results : A total of 3281 papers and 1004 questions were analyzed. The average success rate per year was 91,54% ± 7,12. The highest average success rate was found in hematology (80,51% ± 10,18). The lowest rate was found in the anatomic pathology (51,61% ± 23,76). The average rate of students succeeding the test without having average note in hematology was 5,36%. It was 42,29% in the anatomic pathology. Average difficulty index was 0,57 ± 0,05. Items analysis showed that 38,04% were easy and 19,02% were difficult. Average discrimination index was 0,25 ± 0,02. Discrimination was very good in 20,51% of items and good in 17,13%. Useless and bad discrimination items were about 40,53%. The average of Cronbach Alpha coefficient was 0,84 ± 0,03, showing a good internal-consistency. Conclusion :This study allowed an objective evaluation of "contributive disciplines" in multidisciplinary evaluation and showed the interest of integrating questions. Question analysis with teachers would be important to reevaluate and improve these items.

International audience; We propose a model taking into account the periodic spatial modulation of a doped gra- phene sheet conductivity when it is placed in the vicinity of a dielectric grating. We then compute the absorption and study the excitation of surface plasmons on such a structure. We show that it is possible to excite surface modes leading to very high absorption. Our findings could be of interest in the design of graphene-based plasmonic devices and sensors working in the infra-red and the terahertz regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

ZnSe layers were grown on ZnO substrates by the metal organic chemical vapor deposition technique. A new structure appeared at lower thicknesses films. The structural properties of the thin films were studied by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy methods. First, Raman selection rules are explicitly put forward from a theoretical viewpoint. Second, experimentally-retrieved-intensities of the Raman signal as a function of polarization angle of incident light are fitted to the obtained theoretical dependencies in order to confirm the crystallographic planes of zinc blend ZnSe thin film, and correlate with DRX measurements. Raman spectroscopy has been used to characterize the interfacial disorder that affects energy transport phenomena at ZnSe/ZnO interfaces and the Photoluminescence (PL) near the band edge of ZnSe thin films.

Tympanoplasty is a surgical procedure aiming to reconstruct the tympanic membrane and hearing. The aim of this study was to compare anatomic and audiological results of cartilage graft with temporal fascia graft in type 1 tympanoplasty patients. We conducted a descriptive, retrospective study of medical records of patients who underwent tympanoplasty between January 2010 and December 2015 at the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Farhat Hached University Hospital. In total, we obtained 46 patients. Twenty-three patients who underwent type 1 cartilage tympanoplasty using cartilage graft were compared with 23 patients in whom temporal muscle fascia was used. In follow-up, residual perforation occurred in 1 of 23 patients (4.3%) undergoing cartilage tympanoplasty and in 2 of 23 patients undergoing fascia tympanoplasty (8.7%), which was found to be statistically non significant (P > 0.05). In both cartilage and fascia groups, when they were compared in terms of gain, no significant difference was found between groups (P = 0.271), air bone gap gain was found to be 12.9 ±9.9 decibels in cartilage group, whereas it was 10 ± 6.6 decibels in fascia group. Operation success is defined by successful anatomical and functional outcome. Among all patients, 35 (76%) were reported to have operation success. It was established that type of operation had no significant influence on success (P = 0.73). Currently, there is an increasing interest in using cartilage grafts in primary tympanoplasty. Especially, in patients with severe middle ear pathology, cartilage graft should be used routinely without risk on influencing audiological results.

International audience

Introduction et but de l’etude Dans le domaine de la sante, les equipes de nuit permettent d’assurer la continuite des soins. Etant un personnel de sante, il est generalement inevitable de travailler la garde. Cependant, il a ete demontre que le travail de nuit entraine des changements du rythme et du comportement alimentaires. L’objectif de cette etude etait de decrire le comportement alimentaire d’un groupe de personnel medical et paramedical travaillant la nuit. Materiel et methodes Il s’agit d’une etude multicentrique, transversale, descriptive et comparative ayant inclut 60 personnels de la sante, repartis sur deux groupes : le premier groupe a compris 30 personnels veilleurs, le deuxieme groupe a ete constitue de 30 sujets non veilleurs. Les deux groupes etaient apparies pour l’âge, le sexe et la categorie professionnelle. Tous les sujets inclus ont repondu a un questionnaire precisant les caracteristiques generales. Le comportement alimentaire a ete etudie a partir d’un enregistrement alimentaire de trois jours : deux jours de gardes et un jour de non garde pour les veilleurs et deux jours normaux et un jour de repos pour les temoins. Resultats et analyse statistique L’âge moyen des travailleurs de nuit etait de 35,93 ± 11,45 ans, celui des temoins de 36,10 ± 10,89 ans. Les deux tiers de la population incluse etaient des infirmiers. Le pourcentage de personnel tabagique etait identique dans les deux groupes (27 %). Pour le personnel de nuit, le nombre de cigarettes fumees le jour de garde etait significativement plus eleve que celui en dehors de la garde p = 0,011. Le comportement alimentaire des veilleurs etait caracterise par une consommation reguliere du petit dejeuner par 83 % des veilleurs le jour de garde et 67 % d’entre eux le lendemain ainsi qu’une consommation plus frequente des collations le jour de garde et en particulier la collation de soir. Les horaires de prise alimentaire, en particulier ceux de la collation matinale et du dejeuner etaient plus decales en post garde. Le grignotage pendant la garde a ete rapporte par un veilleur sur trois, Il etait justifie par une sensation de faim, le stress ou la fatigue chez respectivement 40 %, 20 % et 15 % des cas. Le grignotage concernait plus frequemment les aliments sucres que les aliments sales (86 % versus 14 %). En post garde tous les enquetes ne grignotaient pas. Une consommation de boissons excitantes a ete notee chez un veilleur sur deux. Conclusion Dans notre etude, le travail de nuit semble etre associe a une destructuration alimentaire avec des collations multiples et des troubles du comportement alimentaire. Une education nutritionnelle permettra de redresser le comportement alimentaire de ces sujets et d’ameliorer leur qualite de vie

In this article, we propose a processing pipeline relying on two existing tools, one for named-entity recognition, and the other for named-entity linking. We first present the evaluation and the adaptation of these systems to the analysis of texts from 19th Century French literature. We then show the result provided by the pipeline, namely a projection of the place entities onto a map. Finally, we discuss the interest of this work for the digital humanities., Dans cet article, nous proposons une chaîne de traitement reposant sur deux outils existants, l'un pour la reconnaissance des entités nommées, et l'autre pour la résolution des entités nommées. Par la suite, l'évaluation et l'adaptation de ces systèmes à l'analyse des textes issus de la littérature française du 19​ ème siècle sont présentés. Le résultat fourni par notre chaîne de traitement propose une visualisation projetant les entités nommées de type Lieu sur une carte et nous montrons enfin l'intérêt de ce travail pour les humanités numériques.

Herein a low-cost and low temperature co-precipitation process for the preparation of two-dimensional (2D) MNPs nanosheets of nickel ferrite was reported. The influence of the heat treatment on structural, morphological and magnetic properties of 2D MNPs nanosheets of NiFe2O4 was investigated. Rietveld analysis was used to confirm the presence of NiFe2O4 as of a main phase which corresponding to be the NiFe2O4 which crystallizes in cubic spinel type structure with Fd 3 ¯ m space group. The average crystallite size (D) and lattice strain ( e ) were estimated using the Scherrer’s relation and Williamson-Hall method. The formation of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets like morphology was observed by SEM images. At room temperature, the saturation magnetization and coercivity of the hard obtained sample were evaluated at room temperature and were found to be 46.9 emu.g−1 and 1.14 kOe respectively.

Posterior shoulder dislocations account for 4% of all shoulder dislocations. In two-thirds of the cases, the diagnosis is made only once the shoulder is locked, which radically changes the treatment and prognosis. We report three clinical cases of locked posterior shoulder dislocation. Closed reduction was attempted in one case but failed. All patients underwent open reduction and subscapularis transfer according to either Neer's (2 cases) or McLaughlin's technique (1 case). The functional outcome was satisfactory in two cases despite recurrent dislocation on the third day after surgery. The third patient eventually developed post-traumatic shoulder osteoarthritis. The best treatment consists of detecting posterior dislocations immediately when they occur under suggestive circumstances (electrocution, epileptic seizure, severe trauma shoulder).

This work is focused on the elaboration of gold (Au) nanoparticles supported silicon nanowires (SiNWs) for catalytic and photocatalytic applications. The SiNWs investigated in this study are synthesized by metal-assisted chemical etching technique, while the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are loaded on SiNWs through the redox reaction between HAuCl4 and HF-treated SiNWs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the morphology, composition and chemical states of the fabricated samples. The catalytic activity of the SiNWs loaded with AuNPs was investigated for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The photocatalytic activity of SiNWs-AuNPs under visible light irradiation was assessed using Rhodamine B (RhB) as a representative organic dye. The course of the above reactions was monitored by UV–vis spectrophotometry. Our results showed that the SiNWs-AuNPs samples could catalyze the reduction of 4-NP and degradation of RhB with excellent efficiency and stability.

This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Applied Physics A 124.2 (2018): 166. The final authenticated version is available online at: http://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-018-1584-7, Bismuth sulfide thin films were prepared by chemical bath deposition using thiourea as sulfide ion source in basic medium. First, the effects of both the deposition parameters on films growth as well as the annealing effect under argon and sulfur atmosphere on as-deposited thin films were studied. The parameters were found to be influential using the Doehlert matrix experimental design methodology. Ranges for a maximum surface mass of films (3 mg cm-2) were determined. A well crystallized major phase of bismuth sulfide with stoichiometric composition was achieved at 190°C for 3 hours. The prepared thin films were characterized using Grazing Incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Second, the band gap energy value was found to be 1.5 eV. Finally, the thermal properties have been studied for the first time by means of the electropyroelectric (EPE) technique. Indeed, the thermal conductivity varied in the range of 1.20 - 0.60 W m-1 K-1 while the thermal diffusivity values increased in terms of the annealing effect ranging from 1.8 to 3.5 10-7 m2s-1, This work was financially supported by the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research and by the WINCOST (ENE2016-80788-C5-2-R) project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness

Synthetic gold nanoparticles were successfully immobilized on graphite felt fibers previously functionalized by sulfur groups. The nature of the functional groups used to tether them on the surface and the nature of the ligand grafted on nanoparticles play important roles in the immobilization process. The findings offer an effective way to develop three-dimensional porous materials modified by nanoparticles with controlled chemical composition, shape and size. Keywords: Electrografting, Nanoparticles, Graphite felt, Gold, Modified electrode

La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 (LSCO) thin films were epitaxially grown on (001)-single crystalline LaAlO3 substrates by metal organic deposition. The evolution of the crystallinity of the films having various thicknesses and obtained at various annealing temperatures is investigated using Raman spectroscopy. The Raman mode associated to the Jahn-Teller distortions in the LSCO films is found to be dependent on the annealing temperature and sensitive to the strain state evolution with film thickness. The microstructure and morphology of the obtained films were investigated using transmission electron microscopy observations on cross-sections and atomic force microscopy. The obtained films are characterized by nanocrystalline morphology, with an average roughness around 5 nm. By increasing the annealing temperature to 1000℃ and the film thickness to 100 nm, the electrical resistivity was decreased by several orders of magnitude. The film resistivity reaches approximately 2.7 × 10–4 Ω•cm in a wide interval of temperature of 77 - 320 K, making this material a promising candidate for a variety of applications.

A 41-year-old patient was hospitalised for a chronic right parotid mass. A cervical ultrasound revealed a cystic mass of the parotid. Cervical MRI found a ductal ectasia of the parotid and submandibular glands associated with a retention cyst of the right parotid. He had a right total parotidectomy. Histopathological examination of the lesion revealed a multilocular cystic mass with a diffuse glandular ectasia of salivary ducts. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course without any recurrence of symptoms.

The Fourier Modal Method (FMM) is used to obtain the band structure of a 1D graphene based photonic crystal. The structure consists of graphene layers periodically inlayed in a homogeneous dielectric medium. In the model, the graphene sheet is considered as layer with atomic thickness. Under these conditions, we show that it is possible to use the FMM in order to obtain a polynomial eigenvalue problem allowing the computation of the band structure.

Halide perovskite derivatives present unprecedented physical phenomena among those materials which are suitable for photovoltaics, such as a fast ion diffusion coefficient. In this paper it is reported how the benefits of this property can be used during the growth of halide perovskites in order to control the morphological and optoelectronic properties of the final thin film. Using a large enough halide reservoir, the nature of the halides present in the final perovskite layer can be exchanged and this depends on the initial salt used in the two-step deposition method. In particular, the preparation of a methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr

We report a comparative study between Forouhi-Bloomer, Tauc-Lorentz and Tanguy dispersion laws for determining the reliable dielectric function of crystallized ZnO. ZnO layers were prepared by sol-gel method and deposited on crystalline silicon (c-Si) by spin coating. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) was performed on ZnO/c-Si and each dispersion law was considered in the physical model for fitting SE experimental data. A best agreement was found between measurements and model. This applies in particular to the Tanguy dispersion. The physical parameters such as excitonic energy, optical gap, damping factor, real and imaginary parts of dielectric function were determined and analyzed. The temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) measurements were also used to approve the adequate dispersion law for ZnO material. We found by SE and PL measurements that Tanguy law dispersion can be considered as the most appropriate one for a correct description of ZnO optical dielectric function and for the interpretation of the absorption tail band and for the excitonic band of crystallized ZnO. The band-gap energy, excitonic energy and damping factor parameter are determined and analyzed. Their values (3.37 eV, 48 meV and 39 meV, respectively) extracted from ellipsometry are in good agreement with those obtained by PL measurements.