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In this next volume in the Cell Biology and Translational Medicine series, we continue to explore the potential utility of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Amongst topics explored in this volume are various aspects of stem cell commitment, differentiation and organogenesis in both health and cancer. Amongst the diverse areas covered are those exploring stems cells in relation to wound healing and their use in treatment of wound healing and different cancers. Other topics include genome editing, regulation of metabolism, immune cells, and algae in medicine. One goal of the series continues to be to highlight timely, often emerging, topics and novel approaches that can accelerate stem cell utility in regenerative medicine.

This book comprehensively reviews various omics approaches like genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics for understanding pulmonary disease at molecular and systems levels. The initial chapters present the pathogenesis of major pulmonary diseases, namely, obstructive diseases, restrictive diseases, vascular diseases, infectious diseases, and neoplastic carcinoma. The book chapters provide current information about the role of the microbiome and applications of medical imaging, bioinformatics tools, and databases for diagnosis and designing treatment strategies against complex lung diseases. Further, the book discusses omics technologies to identify biomarkers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of pulmonary diseases. Finally, the book elucidates the multi-omics approaches and data integration using mathematical modeling for insights into the disease etiology towards improving the prognostics and predictive accuracy of disease phenotypes. ​

Cytokine and Chemokine Networks in Cancer'provides a comprehensive exploration of the roles of cytokines and chemokines in cancer biology. It offers valuable insights into their diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications, making it a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and students interested in the field of cancer immunology and therapy. This book illustrates the importance and significance of the cytokine and chemokine signaling networks in tumor development and progression. It describes the complex networks mediated by cytokine and chemokine receptors promoting tumor cell proliferation, site-directed metastasis, and activation of angiogenic switch in tumor cells. The books also shed light on the heterogeneity of cytokines and chemokine in solid malignancies and their impact on tumor progression and therapeutic outcomes. The chapters provide current information about the types of cytokine-chemokine interactions in promoting cancer stem cell-like characteristics, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. The significance of the complex interactions in cancer biology in the light of therapeutic resistance is also highlighted. The chapters also describe recent advancements in the therapeutic potential of targeting the pro-tumor cytokine and chemokine networks and limiting tumor cell metastasis. Finally, the book also provides a comprehensive yet representative description of a large number of challenges associated with targeting these vital chemokine-cytokine networks. Given its content, the book provides valuable information for researchers in the field of cancer biology and molecular medicine.

Cell Movement in Health and Disease brings the several scientific domains related to the phenomena together, establishing a consistent foundation for researchers in this exciting field. The content is presented in four main section. The first explores the foundations of Cell Movement, including overviews of cellular structure, signaling, physiology, motion-related proteins, and the interface with the cellular membrane. The second part covers the biological aspects of cellular movement, starting with chemical and mechanical sensing, describing the types of cell movement, mechanics at cell level, cell physiology, collective behavior, and the connections with the extracellular matrix. The following chapters provide an overview of the molecular machinery involved and cell-type specific movement. The third part of the book is dedicated to the translational aspects of cell movement, highlighting the key conditions associated with cell movement dysfunction, like cell invasion in cancer, wound healing, developmental issues, neurological dysfunctions, and immune response. The final part of the book covers key methods and modeling tools for cell movement research, including predictive mathematical models, in vitro and in vivo methods, biophysical and bioinformatics tools. Cell Movement in Health and Disease is the ideal reference for scientists from different backgrounds converging to expand the understanding of this key cellular process. Cellular and molecular biologists will gain a better understanding of the physical principals operating at cellular level while biophysicist and biomedical engineers will benefit from the solid biology foundation provided by the book. - Combines Biology, Physics and Modeling of cellular movement in one single source - Updated with the current understanding of the field - Includes key research methods for cell movement investigation - Cover translational aspects of cellular movement

Inflammation, once considered a physiological response to foreign pathogens, is now recognized as a crucial pathological player in the initiation and progression of several chronic diseases, including diabetes, obesity, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and many others. Considering that cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide, the identification of critical inflammatory processes is of utmost importance to devising new immune-based therapeutics that can be added to existing regimens. This book provides detailed information on aspects of inflammation and the manner in which immune activation pathways affect the progression of cardiovascular diseases and the repair/regeneration mechanisms of underlying diseased tissues.Key Features Outlines the role that inflammation plays in cardiovascular diseases Describes a paradox – neutralization of cytokines that contribute to cardiovascular disease does not show benefit Summarizes research on a variety of processes and mechanisms contributing to cardiovascular pathology Contributions from an international team of leading cardiologists and cardiovascular immunologists Related TitlesRoy, S., et al., eds. Chronic Inflammation: Molecular Pathophysiology, Nutritional and Therapeutic Interventions (ISBN 978-1-138-19955-2)Kong, A-N. T., ed. Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Cancer: Dietary Approaches for Cancer Prevention (ISBN 978-1-138-19984-2)Dick, A., et al. Practical Manual of Intraocular Inflammation (ISBN 978-0-367-38720-4)

Autoimmunity, COVID-19, Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and COVID-19 Vaccination covers all aspects of what is perhaps the most dramatic health crisis in the history of modern medicine. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) raised major concerns about the association between the virus and various autoimmune manifestations. Over 15 distinct autoantibodies and above 10 different autoimmune diseases were found to develop in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, evidence about recovered COVID-19 patients demonstrates that persistent systemic symptoms, which are believed to have an autoimmune-related mechanism, do exist. As it is of great importance to recognize those autoimmune manifestations of COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome to properly cope with their outcomes in the ongoing pandemic and the long-term post-pandemic period, this book fulfills a vital need in the medical community. - Describe the short and long impact of COVID-19 on autoimmunity - Provides understanding to the acute and chronic impact of the SARS-CoV-2 - Gives insights into the long-term effects of COVID-19 on recovered patients - Provides conclusions on the novel terms'chronic post-COVID-19 syndrome','post-acute COVID-19 syndrome', and'long COVID-19'

This nine volume set covers a wide range of topics, including: guided tissue regeneration; programmed cell death; enthodelial lipase; and cell fusion.

Myosins are molecular motors that use the energy from ATP hydrolysis to move and exert tension on actin filaments. Although the best-known myosin is myosin II, which powers skeletal muscle contraction, there are at least two dozen classes of myosins, and cells generally express multiple isoforms. Myosins are involved in multiple cellular activities including cell structure, cell migration, intracellular trafficking, and cell-cell contact.Importantly, loss of function and mutation are associated with diseases including myopathies, hearing impairment, glomerulosclerosis, and cancer. Written by international experts in myosin motors and the approaches used to study them, this book is expected to provide a comprehensive assessment of the current status of our understanding of the structure and molecular mechanism of myosins and their cellular roles.

Cellular trafficking is only recently identified as a site for therapeutic intervention. This book provides up to date information on the mechanism for exploiting this area for drug development as well as a clear understanding of the individual components of cellular trafficking. The authors are experts in their areas and the book features tables and figures that enable comparison and clear understanding.

Myosin: Biosynthesis, Classes and Function opens with a discussion on class I myosins, the most varied members of the myosin superfamily and a remarkable group of molecular motor proteins that move actin filaments and produce force. Class I myosin molecules have various physiological roles including maintenance of normal intestinal brush border structure, glucose homeostasis, glomerular filtration, immune function, and tumor promotion and suppression, and new studies are revealing that mutations may lead to diseases including cancer and kidney disease. Thus, the authors review the structure and function of the eight myosin-I isoforms (Myo1a-Myo1h) that are expressed in mammals. Next, the book discusses muscle contractile function and its association with the activity of the protein complex actomyosin, in which myosin exhibits enzyme activity, namely the ability to hydrolyze ATP. The demonstrated ability of calix[4]arenes C-97, C-99, C-90 and thiacalix[4]arenes C-798 and C-800 can be used for further research aimed at the use of these compounds as novel pharmacological agents able to efficiently restore normal contractile function of myometrium by inhibition or activation of this function, or the eliminating negative effects of heavy metal cations. Following this, the authors present the results of their experiments on studying the effects of different isotopes of magnesium and zinc on the enzymatic activity of myosin, namely the catalytic subfragment-1 of myosin, isolated from myometrium muscle. It has been revealed that the rate of the enzymatic ATP hydrolysis is 2–2.5 times higher in the reaction media enriched with the magnetic isotope, 25Mg, as compared to the activity of the same enzyme in the reaction media enriched with the nonmagnetic isotopes, 24Mg or 26Mg or MgCl2 of natural isotope abundance. Continuing, precipitation/extraction methods and MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry were used in order to and identify, for the first time, a protein with the molecular mass of 48 kDa as a fragment of human unconventional myosin 1c isoform b in a blood serum of multiple sclerosis patients. Western-blot analysis using commercial monospecific anti-human Myo1c antibodies has shown that the molecular mass of this protein obtained from a blood serum of different human sources varied in between 46-48 kDa. Thus, the authors name the 46-48 kDa proteins revealed in a blood serum as a short form of the human unconventional myosin 1c (sMyo 1C).

This book highlights selected current data and its relevance in the human health care system, offering a fundamental primer on genetics and human health.With the advent of new high-throughput technologies (for the whole genome including exome sequencing), the conventional focus on genetics and individual genes is now shifting toward the analysis of complex genes, gene-gene interactions and the association between genes and environment, including epigenetics. The rapidly changing scientific research landscape, with the ever-growing influx of data on one hand and emergence of newer and more complicated diseases on the other, has created a dilemma for researchers and caregivers, who are still hopeful that advances in genetics and genomics will provide avenues for the understanding, prevention and possible cure of human diseases. The book focuses on the interactions between genes and proteins at both the transcriptome and proteome levels, which in turn affect the human genome and health. Additionally, it covers the domain that must be explored in order to understand the gene-gene and protein-protein interactions that contribute to human health. The book offers a valuable guide for all students and researchers working in the area of molecular genetics and genomics.

Actin is one of the most abundant proteins and ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotes. In recent years, the analysis of structure and function of such complexes has shed new light on actin's role in cellular and tissue morphogenesis, locomotion and various forms of intracellular motility, but also on its role in nuclear processes like chromatin architecture and transcription. Progress in understanding these different physiological phenomena, but also in unravelling the basis of actin-based pathophysiological processes has been made by combining video microscopy, molecular biology, genetics and biochemistry. Thus, the current research on actin, as ongoing in many international laboratories, is a'hot spot'in basic and translational research in life sciences. In this book on'The Actin Cytoskeleton', twelve internationally renowned authors present specific chapters that cover their recent work concerned with the various roles of actin mentioned above. This comprehensive volume is therefore an attractive handbook for teachers and students in many fields of medicine and pharmacology.