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252. Metodología para el Desarrollo de la Lógica de la Programación Orientada a Objetos

Author

Leobardo López Román

Subjects
Programación, O.O, P.O.O, Orientada A Objetos, lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer science, Metodología, lcsh:QA75.5-76.95, Objetos
Abstract

A la comunidad académica le llevó muchos años consolidar una forma correcta como los estudiantes deben aprender a programar computadoras. Primero, deben aprender la metodología de la programación, usando técnicas de diseño algorítmicas o seudolenguajes, y después, deben aprender como implementarla usando un lenguaje de programación. Con el desarrollo del lenguaje Java y la penetración que ha tenido como el primer lenguaje que muchos estudiantes están aprendiendo, y debido a la falta de una metodología apropiada, se está cayendo en el error de enseñar a programar directamente con el lenguaje Java, dejando de lado el desarrollo de la lógica, y se están formando programadores con poca o sin lógica. Este autor tiene la convicción de que en la actualidad los estudiantes deben aprender un lenguaje orientado a objetos como Java, pero antes, deben desarrollar la lógica. Es por ello que he desarrollado una metodología de la programación, usando seudocódigo en forma similar como se usaba con la programación estructurada, pero ahora integrando la lógica básica de la programación con los conceptos y estructuras de la programación orientada a objetos. En este artículo se presenta un resumen de la metodología, que se presenta con todo detalle en el libro "Metodología de la programación orientada a objetos Segunda Edición", publicado por la editorial Alfaomega en México, 2013; y es distribuido en los países de habla hispana.

Published
2013

253. Comparative study of the oral absorption of microencapsulated ferric saccharate and ferrous sulfate in humans

Author

Javier López-Román, Carlos Contreras, José A. Villegas, Isabel Guillén, Jordi Espadaler, María Dolores Barnuevo, Antonio Luque, and Elisabet Lázaro

Subjects
Adult, Male, Drug Compounding, Iron, Inorganic chemistry, Medicine (miscellaneous), Ferric Compounds, Absorption, Body Mass Index, Ferrous, Glucaric Acid, Ingredient, Double-Blind Method, medicine, Animals, Humans, Ferrous Compounds, Food science, Fortified Food, Ferric Oxide, Saccharated, Mouth, Cross-Over Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, medicine.diagnostic_test, Transferrin saturation, Chemistry, Postprandial Period, Crossover study, Milk, Postprandial, Ferritins, Food, Fortified, Serum iron, Female, Blood sampling
Abstract

Our objective was to compare the absorption of microencapsulated ferric saccharate (MFS) and ferrous sulfate (FS) in a fortified milk product, using a crossover design. Seventeen non-iron-deficient healthy adults from both sexes participated in the study. On each intervention day (days 1 and 8), after an overnight fast, the volunteers consumed one type of product (test or control) and blood sampling was carried out at different times. The interventions days were separated by 7-day washout periods. This study was double blinded, crossover and randomized for nature of the test meals. The primary outcomes of the study were total serum iron and transferrin saturation. No significant differences could be observed in serum iron concentration during the 6-h postprandial study due to the type of milk product consumed, and there was neither an effect of time nor an interaction between the type of milk product and time. Transferrin saturation significantly increased after the intake of both products (P

Published
2013
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254. Estudio de mejora de trazado de la carretera A-1515 entre el enlace A-23 y el municipio de Rubielos de Mora (Teruel). Estudio de tráfico y seguridad vial. Análisis ambiental

Author

Camacho Torregrosa, Francisco Javier, Romero Gil, Inmaculada, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería e Infraestructura de los Transportes - Departament d'Enginyeria i Infraestructura dels Transports, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente - Departament d'Enginyeria Hidràulica i Medi Ambient, Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto del Transporte y Territorio - Institut del Transport i Territori, Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente - Institut Universitari d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient, Martínez López, Román, Camacho Torregrosa, Francisco Javier, Romero Gil, Inmaculada, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería e Infraestructura de los Transportes - Departament d'Enginyeria i Infraestructura dels Transports, Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyers de Camins, Canals i Ports, Universitat Politècnica de València. Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Medio Ambiente - Departament d'Enginyeria Hidràulica i Medi Ambient, Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto del Transporte y Territorio - Institut del Transport i Territori, Universitat Politècnica de València. Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería del Agua y del Medio Ambiente - Institut Universitari d'Enginyeria de l'Aigua i Medi Ambient, and Martínez López, Román

Abstract

[EN] The present work consists of two distinct parts. The objective is to analyze if the two alternatives proposed improve on the current situation of the A-1515, between the link with the A-23 and the municipality of Rubielos de Mora (Teruel), therefore, each one of the aspects considered in this work are analyzed both in the current road as in the two alternative proposals. The first of the parties focuses on the analysis of the traffic and road safety, while the second part is on the environmental impact, that is to say, how are going to impact the proposed alternatives to the environment, to finally make an overall assessment of the two alternatives. Traffic analysis is done, taking as a starting point a data capacity manual made in the road of study and making use of related gauging stations is estimated the current daily average intensity and with a prognosis of the traffic is predicted traffic flow for subsequent years. Once the current IMD and years to come, analyzes the level of service and the capacity of each of the years considered. In relation to road safety is performed, always in line with the geometric design, a study of the speeds of operation with the objective of ensuring that the users traveling in safe conditions. It analyzes the consistency with the objective of determining if the path corresponds to the expectations of users and finally makes an estimate of accidents. In the second part of this work has been analyzed how it is going to affect every one of the alternatives to the environment. To do this we analyze the impacts each in relation to the existing surfaces and on the basis of an approach that associates a value to an impact taking into account various aspects, such as the extension or possibility to mitigate it, you get that alternative is the most harmful from an environmental point of view., [CA] El present treball consta de dues parts diferenciades. L'objectiu és analitzar si les dues alternatives proposades milloren la situació actual de la carretera A-1515, compresa entre l'enllaç amb l'A-23 i el municipi de Rubielos de Mora (Teruell), per tant, cada un dels aspectes considerats a al llarg d'aquest treball s'analitzaran tant a la carretera actual com en les dues alternatives proposades. La primera de les parts se centra en l'anàlisi del trànsit i la seguretat viària, mentre que la segona part tracta sobre l'impacte mediambiental, és a dir, com van a impactar les alternatives proposades al medi ambient, per finalment realitzar una valoració global de les dues alternatives. Referent al trànsit es realitza una anàlisi prenent com a dada de partida un aforament manual realitzat a la carretera d'estudi i fent ús d'estacions afins d'aforament s'estima la intensitat mitjana diària actual i mitjançant una prognosi del trànsit es prediu el flux de trànsit per anys posteriors. Un cop obtinguda la IMD actual i d'anys venidors, s'analitza el nivell de servei i la capacitat de cada un dels anys considerats. En relació a la seguretat viària es realitza, sempre d'acord amb el disseny geomètric, un estudi de les velocitats d'operació amb l'objectiu de garantir que els usuaris que circulin en condicions segures. Per això s'analitza la consistència amb l'objectiu de determinar si el traçat es correspon amb les expectatives dels usuaris i finalment es realitza una estimació d'accidents. A la segona part d'aquest treball s'ha analitzat com va a afectar cadascuna de les alternatives al medi ambient. Per a això s'analitzen els impactes que genera cadascuna en relació a les superfícies existents i mitjançant un criteri que associa un valor a un impacte tenint en compte diversos aspectes, com ara l'extensió o possibilitat de mitigar-lo, s'obté que alternativa és la més perjudicial des del punt de vista mediambiental., [ES] El presente trabajo consta de dos partes diferenciadas. El objetivo es analizar si las dos alternativas propuestas mejoran la situación actual de la carretera A-1515, comprendida entre el enlace con la A-23 y el municipio de Rubielos de Mora (Teruel), por tanto, cada uno de los aspectos considerados a lo largo de este trabajo se analizarán tanto en la carretera actual como en las dos alternativas propuestas. La primera de las partes se centra en el análisis del tráfico y la seguridad vial, mientras que la segunda parte trata sobre el impacto medioambiental, es decir, cómo van a impactar las alternativas propuestas al medioambiente, para finalmente realizar una valoración global de las dos alternativas. Referente al tráfico se realiza un análisis tomando como dato de partida un aforo manual realizado en la carretera de estudio y haciendo uso de estaciones afines de aforo se estima la intensidad media diaria actual y mediante una prognosis del tráfico se predice el flujo de tráfico para años posteriores. Una vez obtenida la IMD actual y de años venideros, se analiza el nivel de servicio y la capacidad de cada uno de los años considerados. En relación a la seguridad vial se realiza, siempre en consonancia con el diseño geométrico, un estudio de las velocidades de operación con el objetivo de garantizar que los usuarios que circulen en condiciones seguras. Para ello se analiza la consistencia con el objetivo de determinar si el trazado se corresponde con las expectativas de los usuarios y por último se realiza una estimación de accidentes. En la segunda parte de este trabajo se ha analizado como va a afectar cada una de las alternativas al medio ambiente. Para ello se analizan los impactos que genera cada una en relación a las superficies existentes y mediante un criterio que asocia un valor a un impacto teniendo en cuenta diversos aspectos, tales como la extensión o posibilidad de mitigarlo, se obtiene que alternativa es la más perjudicial desde el punto de vista

Published
2017

255. La judería de Úbeda durante los siglos XIII y XIV

Author

López Román, Jesús and López Román, Jesús

Abstract

The Jewish quarter of Úbeda lasted for about one hundred and fifty years. It is mentioned in the Fuero of the town, dated before de 25th November 1251, and it was in activity some years after the tragical events of June 1391. Most of the Jewish that survived were converted to Christianity or fled to the neighbouring Nazari kingdom of Grenade. The Jewish community of Úbeda was located, doubtlessly, within the walled enclosure known as the Alcázar. Although we don’t know the exact place of their settlement, we tried to define the exact boundaries of the Jewish quarter, from the existing documents and making some inferences from the defensive needs required to protect efficiently its inhabitants. We should not ignore that in the Middle Ages, Jewish and their properties were considered part of the Royal treasury, La judería de Úbeda tuvo una existencia aproximada de ciento cincuenta años. Aparece en el fuero de la localidad que es anterior al 25 de noviembre de 1251 y se mantuvo activa hasta algunos años después de los trágicos sucesos de junio de 1391. Los judíos supervivientes, en su mayoría, se convirtieron al cristianismo o huyeron al cercano reino nazarí de Granada. La comunidad hebrea ubetense se ubicó, con toda certeza, dentro del recinto amurallado conocido como El Alcázar. Aunque se desconoce el lugar exacto en el que se asentó, hemos intentado delimitar el perímetro de la judería basándonos en la documentación existente y realizando ciertas inferencias en función de las necesidades defensivas que eran requeridas para proteger adecuadamente a sus moradores. No en vano, ellos y sus bienes eran considerados, en la Edad Media, parte del tesoro real.

Published
2017

256. Metodología para la implementación de la puesta a tierra del neutro en sistemas de media y baja tensión en la ciudad de Pereira

Author

Sanz Alzate, Jorge Humberto, Montoya López, Jose David, López Román, Johan Sebastián, Sanz Alzate, Jorge Humberto, Montoya López, Jose David, and López Román, Johan Sebastián

Abstract

Los sistemas de distribución actuales continuamente buscan estar protegidos ante cualquier eventualidad o falla que pudiese presentarse, es por esto que dichos sistemas requieren de una puesta a tierra que garantice la continuidad del servicio optando siempre por tener una red económica sin sacrificar la robustez y confiabilidad de ésta. Los sistemas de distribución exigen el mejor método de puesta a tierra, con el fin de lograr dicho objetivo se deberán evaluar las consideraciones generales para seleccionar la manera adecuada de hacerlo, según la clase y el medio de puesta a tierra. Con esta metodología aquí plasmada se busca encontrar la mejor manera de poner a tierra el sistema de distribución de la ciudad de Pereira tomando como base la norma “IEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility Systems”, además de servir como un manual o guía para redes con características similares a lo largo de todo el territorio colombiano.

Published
2017

257. [Effect of quinua (Chenopodium quinoa)consumption as a coadjuvant in nutritional intervention in prediabetic subjects]

Author

María Salud, Abellán Ruiz, María Dolores, Barnuevo Espinosa, Carlos, García Santamaría, Carlos Javier, Contreras Fernández, Miriam, Aldeguer García, Fulgencio, Soto Méndez, Isabel, Guillén Guillén, Antonio Jesús, Luque Rubia, Francisco Javier, Quinde Ràzuri, Antonio, Martínez Garrido, and Francisco Javier, López Román

Subjects
Adult, Glycated Hemoglobin, Male, Prediabetic State, Double-Blind Method, Humans, Female, Nutrition Therapy, Chenopodium quinoa, Middle Aged, Satiety Response, Aged, Body Mass Index
Abstract

Quinoa is a pseudocereal containing low glycemic index carbohydrates, dietary fiber, high biological value protein, phytosterols, and n-3 and n-6 fatty acids, which has generated interest in prediabetes nutritional interventions. This randomized (2:1), placebo-controlled, double-blind study evaluated the effects of processed quinoa on body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and the satiation and fullness (complete) degree in prediabetic patients.Thirty patients were randomized (2:1) in two study arms: Kuska Active product (processed quinoa) and placebo (maltodextrin), with an intake period of 28 days. BMI, HbA1c and FPG were determined before starting treatment and at 28-day intake. Satiety and fullness sensation were just assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) at the day 28. ANOVA was performed for repeated measures with two factors to study (within-subject factor: time; intersubject factor: product consumed) to demonstrate the effectiveness of processed quinoa on the study variables.Twenty-nine patients (placebo, n = 10; quinoa, n = 19) completed the study, and the quinoa group shows a significant decrease in BMI (p0.05) and HbA1c values (p0.001), and an increase in the satiation and fullness (complete) degree (p0.001). No significant differences were found in FPG levels from baseline to post-intake period.The results show that processed quinoa intake during 28 days decreases BMI and HbA1c levels, maintains FPG levels, and incr eases the satiation and fullness (complete) degree in prediabetic patients.

Published
2016

258. Neither 10- nor 14-Day Sequential Treatment is better than Standard Triple Therapy for Helicobacter Pylori Eradication

Author

Emanuel, Warrington, Orlando, López-Román, Rafael, Tirado Montijo, Rafael, Urbina, Marcia, Cruz-Correa, and Doris H, Toro

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Time Factors, Helicobacter pylori, Remission Induction, Amoxicillin, Proton Pump Inhibitors, Middle Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Helicobacter Infections, Clarithromycin, Metronidazole, Humans, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Prospective Studies, Aged
Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is a bacterial pathogen associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, and gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Current treatment guidelines support a 7- to 14-day, triple-drug protocol consisting of a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), clarithromycin, and either amoxicillin or an imidazole. The initial eradication rates for this regimen were 80 to 90%. Nevertheless its effectiveness has declined as the antibiotic resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole has emerged. In Puerto Rico the reported resistance of H. pylori to clarithromycin is 16% and to metronidazole, 3.7%. Sequential therapy for H. pylori eradication, 5 days of treatment with a PPI and amoxicillin followed by 5 days of treatment with the PPI and 2 other antibiotics (clarithromycin and an imidazole), was introduced as an effective alternate regimen. This is a prospective clinical trial intended to compare the efficacy of first-line, standard 10-day tripledrug therapy with those of both 10- and 14-day sequential therapy in eradicating H. pylori at the San Juan Veterans Affairs Hospital in a population that is naïve to previous treatment.This was a prospective, open-label, randomized clinical trial.Based on the intention-to-treat analysis, the eradication rate was 83.7% (72 of 86 patients) in the standard triple-therapy group, 80.0% (68/85) in the 10- day sequential-therapy group, and 79.1% (68/86) in the 14-day sequential-therapy group. There were no significant statistical differences between the eradication rates among therapies.Sequential-therapy treatment regimens are not better than standard triple therapy for the eradication of H. pylori infection, regardless of the treatment duration.

Published
2016

259. Muscle damage, physiological changes, and energy balance in ultra-endurance mountain-event athletes

Author

Fernando Alacid, Vicente Ávila-Gandía, Pedro E. Alcaraz, Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias, Domingo J. Ramos-Campo, Francisco Javier López-Román, and Fulgencio Soto-Méndez

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Lactic dehydrogenase, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Energy metabolism, Energy balance, L-Lactate dehydrogenase, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biology, Muscle damage, Body Mass Index, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, Leukocyte Count, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Heart Rate, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Creatine kinase, Lactic Acid, Autonomic modulation, Muscle, Skeletal, Creatine Kinase, Exercise, Ultra endurance, Nutrition and Dietetics, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase, Myoglobin, Platelet Count, Troponin I, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Endocrinology, Athletes, Body Composition, Physical Endurance, Energy intake, Energy Metabolism
Abstract

The biological response to ultra-endurance mountain race events is not yet well understood. The aim of this study was to determine the biochemical and physiological changes after performing an ultra-endurance mountain race in runners. We recruited 11 amateur runners (age: 29.7 ± 10.2 years; height: 179.7 ± 5.4 cm; body mass: 76.7 ± 10.3 kg). Muscle damage, lactate concentration, energy balance, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), body composition changes, and jump performance were analyzed before, during (only lactate, HR, and HRV), and after the race. Athletes completed 54 km in 6 h, 44 min (±28 min). After the race, myoglobin and creatine kinase concentration increased from 14.9 ± 5.2 to 1419.9 ± 1292.1 μg/L and from 820.0 ± 2087.3 to 2421.1 ± 2336.2 UI/L, respectively (p < 0.01). In addition, lactate dehydrogenase and troponin I significantly increased after the race (p < 0.01). Leukocyte and platelet count increased by 180.6% ± 68.9% and 23.7% ± 11.2%, respectively (p < 0.001). Moreover, after the competition, athletes presented a 3704 kcal negative energy balance; a significant increase in RPE values; a decrease in countermovement and squat jump height; and a decrease in body mass and lower limb girths. During the event, lactate concentration did not change and subjects presented a mean HR of 158.8 ± 17.7 beats/min, a significant decrement in vagal modulation, and a significant increase in sympathetic modulation. Despite the relative “low” intensity achieved, ultra-endurance mountain race is a stressful stimulus that produces a high level of muscle damage in the athletes. These findings may help coaches to design specific training programs that may improve nutritional intake strategies and prevent muscle damage.

Published
2016

260. Urbanización y formación del sujeto propietario: relatos de vida sobre la formación de la subjetividad a partir del desarrollo de la urbanización en Caguas, Puerto Rico durante el período del 1940 al 1960

Author

López Román, Félix A. and Domínguez Sánchez-Pinilla, Mario

Subjects
Sociología
Abstract

Este trabajo surge del interés por investigar la relación de los espacios y la formación de subjetividades. Por ello, para propósitos de esta investigación, nos preguntamos cuál fue la subjetividad conformada por la urbanización, en tanto modelo masificado de vivienda suburbana que tuvo su expansión en Puerto Rico en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Nuestro posicionamiento teórico está anclado en la concepción foucaultiana del sujeto en tanto efecto de múltiples relaciones de poder que lo conforman; siendo el carácter espacial, concretizado para nuestro trabajo en la urbanización, uno de esos elementos de poder que operan en la formación de subjetividades. Muy particularmente, asumimos, como ya señalaba Pierre Bourdieu, una dimensión simbólica del poder y, por lo tanto, una relación de significación entre el sujeto y los espacios que habita. De esta forma, el acercamiento a la urbanización está basado en el significado otorgado a ella por parte del sujeto que la habita. Para ello, utilizamos como técnica los relatos de vida ya que permiten que el sujeto vaya formando una narrativa del sentido que tiene para sí el habitar en una casa de urbanización. Los sujetos entrevistados, para este, trabajo fueron aquellos que vivieron el momento de transición entre dos formas de vivienda urbana. Son los sujetos que experimentaron otras formas de vivienda y puedan significar, a partir de los contrastes, el traspaso a la casa de urbanización...

Published
2016

261. Abuso académico a estudiantes de pregrado por parte de docentes de los programas de Medicina de Manizales, Colombia

Author

Sebastián Toro-Chica, José Jaime Castaño-Castrillón, Jhessyka Lorena Bermeo, Diana Carolina Téllez, and Andrés López-Román

Subjects
lcsh:R5-920, 020205 medical informatics, Docentes médicos, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, General Medicine, Faculty Medical, Acoso no sexual, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, acoso sexual, Sexual Harassment, 61 Ciencias médicas, Medicina / Medicine and health, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Estudiantes de medicina, Students Medical, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Medicine (General), Social Behavior
Abstract

Antecedentes. Los currículos tradicionales de medicina consideran el maltrato a los estudiantes una técnica pedagógica de enseñanza.Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia de abuso académico a estudiantes de pregrado por parte de docentes de los programas de Medicina de Manizales, Colombia, durante el 2013.Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal analítico, con una población de 401 estudiantes inscritos en los semestres de I a X en las facultades de Medicina de la Universidad de Manizales y la Universidad de Caldas en el año 2013; se realizó una encuesta anónima que constaba de 48 preguntas divididas en los siguientes aspectos: apoyo institucional, maltrato y acoso sexual por parte de docentes.Resultados. El 70.6% de los estudiantes ha recibido por lo menos un tipo de maltrato, el 29.2% ha percibido por lo menos un evento de abuso sexual y solo el 7.2% siente apoyo institucional completo. El maltrato es similar entre géneros, en áreas básicas y clínicas e igual en ambas universidades. Entre semestres se presentan diferencias significativas, aunque no se evidencian tendencias claras. Algunos eventos bastante graves tienen proporciones apreciables, por ejemplo violación en 2.9% (n=13), intentos de violación 2.2% (n=9), tocamientos innecesarios 3.9% (n=16) y 7.3% (n=29) se siente acosado sexualmente.Conclusión. Los resultados del presente estudio indican que el abuso académico a estudiantes de pregrado en Medicina por parte de los docentes se evidencia como una conducta altamente inadecuada y que se ha perpetuado en el tiempo. Background. Traditional curricula of Medicine consider the mistreatment of students as a pedagogical teaching technique.Objective. To determine the frequency of academic undergraduate abuse by teachers of medicine programs in Manizales (Colombia), 2013.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on a population of 401 abuse and harassment: Students enrolled in the I to X semesters of the faculties of medicine at University of Manizales and University of Caldas (Manizales, Colombia), in 2013. An anonymous survey consisting of 48 questions divided into the following aspects was conducted: institutional support, sexual harassment and mistreatment inflicted by the teachers.Results. 70.6% of the students has been affected by at least one type of abuse, 29.2% has perceived at least one event of sexual abuse and only 7.2% feels integral institutional support. Abuse is similar between genders in terms of basic and clinical areas and it is also similar in both universities. There are significant differences among semesters, although no clear trends are shown. Some really serious events have appreciable proportions, e.g. rape 2.9% (n = 13), attempted rape 2.2% (n = 9), unnecessary touching 3.9% (n = 16), and 7.3% (n = 29) of the population feels that they are sexually harassed in medical schools.Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that academic abuse in undergraduates in medicine by teachers is regarded as a highly inappropriate behavior, which has been perpetuated for a long time.

Published
2016

262. Abuso académico a estudiantes de pregrado por parte de docentes de los programas de Medicina de Manizales, Colombia

Author

Bermeo, Jhessyka Lorena, Castaño-Castrillón, José Jaime, López-Román, Andrés, Téllez, Diana Carolina, and Toro-Chica, Sebastián

Subjects
Sexual Harassment, Docentes médicos, Medical, Estudiantes de medicina, Students, Social Behavior, acoso sexual, Faculty, Acoso no sexual
Abstract

Antecedentes. Los currículos tradicionales de medicina consideran el maltrato a los estudiantes una técnica pedagógica de enseñanza. Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia de abuso académico a estudiantes de pregrado por parte de docentes de los programas de Medicina de Manizales, Colombia, durante el 2013. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal analítico, con una población de 401 estudiantes inscritos en los semestres de I a X en las facultades de Medicina de la Universidad de Manizales y la Universidad de Caldas en el año 2013; se realizó una encuesta anónima que constaba de 48 preguntas divididas en los siguientes aspectos: apoyo institucional, maltrato y acoso sexual por parte de docentes. Resultados. El 70.6% de los estudiantes ha recibido por lo menos un tipo de maltrato, el 29.2% ha percibido por lo menos un evento de abuso sexual y solo el 7.2% siente apoyo institucional completo. El maltrato es similar entre géneros, en áreas básicas y clínicas e igual en ambas universidades. Entre semestres se presentan diferencias significativas, aunque no se evidencian tendencias claras. Algunos eventos bastante graves tienen proporciones apreciables, por ejemplo violación en 2.9% (n=13), intentos de violación 2.2% (n=9), tocamientos innecesarios 3.9% (n=16) y 7.3% (n=29) se siente acosado sexualmente. Conclusión. Los resultados del presente estudio indican que el abuso académico a estudiantes de pregrado en Medicina por parte de los docentes se evidencia como una conducta altamente inadecuada y que se ha perpetuado en el tiempo. Background. Traditional curricula of Medicine consider the mistreatment of students as a pedagogical teaching technique. Objective. To determine the frequency of academic undergraduate abuse by teachers of medicine programs in Manizales (Colombia), 2013. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on a population of 401 abuse and harassment: Students enrolled in the I to X semesters of the faculties of medicine at University of Manizales and University of Caldas (Manizales, Colombia), in 2013. An anonymous survey consisting of 48 questions divided into the following aspects was conducted: institutional support, sexual harassment and mistreatment inflicted by the teachers. Results. 70.6% of the students has been affected by at least one type of abuse, 29.2% has perceived at least one event of sexual abuse and only 7.2% feels integral institutional support. Abuse is similar between genders in terms of basic and clinical areas and it is also similar in both universities. There are significant differences among semesters, although no clear trends are shown. Some really serious events have appreciable proportions, e.g. rape 2.9% (n = 13), attempted rape 2.2% (n = 9), unnecessary touching 3.9% (n = 16), and 7.3% (n = 29) of the population feels that they are sexually harassed in medical schools. Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that academic abuse in undergraduates in medicine by teachers is regarded as a highly inappropriate behavior, which has been perpetuated for a long time.

Published
2016

263. Metodologías para la Enseñanza Aprendizaje de la Programación Estructurada y Orientada a Objetos (Artículo Invitado)

Author

Leobardo López Román

Subjects
Orientada A Objetos, lcsh:Electronic computers. Computer science, Metodología, Programación Estructurada, lcsh:QA75.5-76.95
Abstract

El proceso enseñanza aprendizaje de la programación de computadoras siempre ha sido difícil. No importa cuál se esté usando como primer lenguaje en la enseñanza, sea FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, PASCAL, C, C++, JAVA, C#, o cualquier otro. El problema es que los estudiantes no desarrollan lógica o desarrollan muy poca lógica, escenario que se ha complicado con la permanente evolución de los paradigmas y la aparición de nuevos lenguajes de programación. Con la idea de coadyuvar en el mejoramiento de esta situación, este autor ha desarrollado y publicado como libro seis metodologías. En este artículo se hace una presentación general de la metodología de cada uno de los seis libros, haciendo énfasis en la evolución que han tenido dichas metodologías.

Published
2011

264. Hydration habits in elite futsal players during official games

Author

J.A. Pérez-Jorge, Juan Luis Yuste, Juan José García-Pellicer, Francisco Javier López-Román, and José Vicente García-Jiménez

Subjects
Competition (economics), Fluid intake, medicine.medical_specialty, Elite, Physical therapy, medicine, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Demographic economics, Psychology
Published
2011
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265. Efecto del consumo de quinua (Chenopodium quinoa) como coadyuvante en la intervención nutricional en sujetos prediabéticos.

Author

López Román, Francisco Javier, primary, Abellán Ruiz, María Salud, additional, Barnuevo Espinosa, María Dolores, additional, García Santamaría, Carlos, additional, Contreras Fernández, Carlos Javier, additional, Aldeguer García, Miriam, additional, Soto Méndez, Fulgencio, additional, Guillén Guillén, Isabel, additional, Luque Rubia, Antonio Jesús, additional, Quinde Ràzuri, Francisco Javier, additional, and Martínez Garrido, Antonio, additional

Published
2017
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273. Productivity of two Mexican potato genotypes in perlite and aggregates in hydroponics and greenhouse.

Author

Flores Gutiérrez, Francisco Xavier, Flores López, Román, Mora Herrera, Martha Elena, and Franco Mora, Omar

Subjects
GENOTYPES, HYDROPONICS, TUBERS, PERLITE, GREENHOUSES, POTATOES
Abstract

In order to determine the productive response of two Mexican potato genotypes in two substrates in the hydroponic cultivation system, three experiments were established with horticultural grade perlite and with the mixture of perlite with peat 1:1 v/v (aggregates), by what experiments were established in the autumn 2015, spring 2016 and summer 2016 cycles. With perlite, the Citlali variety and clone 99-39, produced on average 15.92 and 34.25 tubers per plant, respectively; in aggregates they produced 11.92 and 15.42 tubers per plant, respectively. Genotype 99-39 exceeded Citlali by up to 10.9 tubers per plant on average of the three crop cycles and produced 2.2 times more tubers in autumn than in spring, as well as 2.9 more tubers in autumn than in summer. Citlali produced 3.6 times more tubers in autumn than in summer and five times more in autumn than in spring. The most efficient substrate was horticultural grade perlite, clone 99-39 was more productive than the Citlali variety, the production of tubers in both genotypes was closely affected by the season of the year and the results will allow decisions on the management of the production of prebasic seed II in both genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

274. Academic undergraduate abuse by teachers of Medicine programs of Manizales (Colombia)

Author

Bermeo, Jhessyka Lorena, Castaño-Castrillón, José Jaime, López-Román, Andrés, Téllez, Diana Carolina, Toro-Chica, Sebastián, Bermeo, Jhessyka Lorena, Castaño-Castrillón, José Jaime, López-Román, Andrés, Téllez, Diana Carolina, and Toro-Chica, Sebastián

Abstract

Background. Traditional curricula of Medicine consider the mistreatment of students as a pedagogical teaching technique.Objective. To determine the frequency of academic undergraduate abuse by teachers of medicine programs in Manizales (Colombia), 2013.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on a population of 401 abuse and harassment: Students enrolled in the I to X semesters of the faculties of medicine at University of Manizales and University of Caldas (Manizales, Colombia), in 2013. An anonymous survey consisting of 48 questions divided into the following aspects was conducted: institutional support, sexual harassment and mistreatment inflicted by the teachers.Results. 70.6% of the students has been affected by at least one type of abuse, 29.2% has perceived at least one event of sexual abuse and only 7.2% feels integral institutional support. Abuse is similar between genders in terms of basic and clinical areas and it is also similar in both universities. There are significant differences among semesters, although no clear trends are shown. Some really serious events have appreciable proportions, e.g. rape 2.9% (n = 13), attempted rape 2.2% (n = 9), unnecessary touching 3.9% (n = 16), and 7.3% (n = 29) of the population feels that they are sexually harassed in medical schools.Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that academic abuse in undergraduates in medicine by teachers is regarded as a highly inappropriate behavior, which has been perpetuated for a long time., Antecedentes. Los currículos tradicionales de medicina consideran el maltrato a los estudiantes una técnica pedagógica de enseñanza.Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia de abuso académico a estudiantes de pregrado por parte de docentes de los programas de Medicina de Manizales, Colombia, durante el 2013.Materiales y métodos. Estudio de corte transversal analítico, con una población de 401 estudiantes inscritos en los semestres de I a X en las facultades de Medicina de la Universidad de Manizales y la Universidad de Caldas en el año 2013; se realizó una encuesta anónima que constaba de 48 preguntas divididas en los siguientes aspectos: apoyo institucional, maltrato y acoso sexual por parte de docentes.Resultados. El 70.6% de los estudiantes ha recibido por lo menos un tipo de maltrato, el 29.2% ha percibido por lo menos un evento de abuso sexual y solo el 7.2% siente apoyo institucional completo. El maltrato es similar entre géneros, en áreas básicas y clínicas e igual en ambas universidades. Entre semestres se presentan diferencias significativas, aunque no se evidencian tendencias claras. Algunos eventos bastante graves tienen proporciones apreciables, por ejemplo violación en 2.9% (n=13), intentos de violación 2.2% (n=9), tocamientos innecesarios 3.9% (n=16) y 7.3% (n=29) se siente acosado sexualmente.Conclusión. Los resultados del presente estudio indican que el abuso académico a estudiantes de pregrado en Medicina por parte de los docentes se evidencia como una conducta altamente inadecuada y que se ha perpetuado en el tiempo.

Published
2016

275. Aplicación periódica de bajas concentraciones de paclobutrazol y ácido salicílico en papa en invernadero

Author

Flores López, Román, Martínez Gutiérrez, Ricardo, López Delgado, Humberto, Marín Casimiro, Maricela, Flores López, Román, Martínez Gutiérrez, Ricardo, López Delgado, Humberto, and Marín Casimiro, Maricela

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the use of low concentrations of salicylic acid and paclobutrazol in Solanum tuberosum (Crystal and clone 981824) in the greenhouse for increased performance and potato starch. The experiments were performed in 2012 in Zinacantepec, Mexico. Treatments consisted of spraying with AS: 10 -8 , 10 -10 , 10 -12 y 10 -14 M, paclobutrazol: 1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25 mg L -1 and the control, arranged in a randomized complete blocks, determined height, chlorophyll, IAF, fresh weight, number of tubers and starch content. In clone 981824, the control plants and AS (10 -8 and10 -10 ) had higher, while for Cristal were AS, witness and paclobutrazol 0.25 mg L -1 . Chlorophyll and IAF there were no significant differences. In clone 981824, the witness had higher fresh weight (148 g per plant) instead Cristal showed no differences between treatments. The total number of minitubers was higher with paclobutrazol 0.5 mg L -1 in both genotypes (Crystal: 12.93 and 981824: 23.3). All paclobutrazol treatments and AS 10 -8 , 10 -10 and 10 -14 had higher starch content compared with the control in the clone 981824, while in Cristal were paclobutrazol 0.75 and 1.0 mg L -1 to 241 and 231 mg g -1 , 10 -8 and 10 -12 of AS 165 and 173 mg g -1 . In conclusion paclobutrazol reduces plant height and both this and the AS increase the starch content of the tuber at the indicated concentrations, El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el uso de bajas concentraciones de ácido salicílico y paclobutrazol en Solanum tuberosum (Cristal y clon 981824) en invernadero para el incremento de rendimiento y almidón en papa. Los experimentos se realizaron en 2012 en Zinacantepec, México. Los tratamientos consistieron en aspersión con AS: 10 -8 , 10 -10 , 10 -12 y 10 -14 M, paclobutrazol: 1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25 mg L -1 y el testigo, arreglados en bloques completos al azar, se determinó altura, clorofila, IAF, peso fresco, número de tubérculos y contenido de almidón. En el clon 981824, las plantas testigo y las de AS (10 -8 y10 -10 ) presentaron mayor altura, mientras para Cristal fueron las de AS, testigo y paclobutrazol 0.25 mg L -1 . En clorofila e IAF no hubo diferencias significativas. En el clon 981824, el testigo presento mayor peso fresco (148 g por planta), en cambio Cristal no presentó diferencias entre tratamientos. El número total de minitubérculos fue superior con paclobutrazol 0.5 mg L -1 en ambos genotipos (Cristal: 12.93 y 981824: 23.3). Todos los tratamientos de paclobutrazol y de AS 10 -8 , 10 -10 y 10 -14 presentaron mayor contenido de almidón con respecto al testigo en el clon 981824, mientras que en Cristal fueron: paclobutrazol 0.75 y 1.0 mg L -1 con 241 y 231 mg g -1 y 10 -8 y 10 -12 de AS con 165 y 173 mg g -1 . En conclusión el paclobutrazol disminuye la altura de las plantas y tanto este como el AS incrementan el contenido de almidón de tubérculo a las concentraciones indicadas

Published
2016

276. Urbanización y formación del sujeto propietario: relatos de vida sobre la formación de la subjetividad a partir del desarrollo de la urbanización en Caguas, Puerto Rico durante el período del 1940 al 1960

Author

Domínguez Sánchez-Pinilla, Mario, López Román, Félix A., Domínguez Sánchez-Pinilla, Mario, and López Román, Félix A.

Abstract

Este trabajo surge del interés por investigar la relación de los espacios y la formación de subjetividades. Por ello, para propósitos de esta investigación, nos preguntamos cuál fue la subjetividad conformada por la urbanización, en tanto modelo masificado de vivienda suburbana que tuvo su expansión en Puerto Rico en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Nuestro posicionamiento teórico está anclado en la concepción foucaultiana del sujeto en tanto efecto de múltiples relaciones de poder que lo conforman; siendo el carácter espacial, concretizado para nuestro trabajo en la urbanización, uno de esos elementos de poder que operan en la formación de subjetividades. Muy particularmente, asumimos, como ya señalaba Pierre Bourdieu, una dimensión simbólica del poder y, por lo tanto, una relación de significación entre el sujeto y los espacios que habita. De esta forma, el acercamiento a la urbanización está basado en el significado otorgado a ella por parte del sujeto que la habita. Para ello, utilizamos como técnica los relatos de vida ya que permiten que el sujeto vaya formando una narrativa del sentido que tiene para sí el habitar en una casa de urbanización. Los sujetos entrevistados, para este, trabajo fueron aquellos que vivieron el momento de transición entre dos formas de vivienda urbana. Son los sujetos que experimentaron otras formas de vivienda y puedan significar, a partir de los contrastes, el traspaso a la casa de urbanización...

Published
2016

277. Comparación de la resistencia horizontal y vertical contra el tizón tardío de la papa en Toluca

Author

Rubio Covarrubias, Oswaldo Ángel, Cadena Hinojosa, Mateo Armando, Flores López, Román, Rubio Covarrubias, Oswaldo Ángel, Cadena Hinojosa, Mateo Armando, and Flores López, Román

Abstract

One of the main problems of potato cultivation in Mexico and worldwide is late blight (Phytophthora infestans). During three years evaluations under field conditions Toluca Valley, the center of origin of P. infestans were to compare 10 genotypes of the population A vertical resistance (combination of higher R genes and minor genes) and 10 genotypes population B with horizontal resistance (no R genes). A population was generated by INIFAP in Mexico and Peru B population by the International Potato Center. The results showed that the population A was significantly higher in the 5 variables that were used to evaluate the resistance [relative area under the curve of infection, slope (slope of the linear regression: time vs. % leaf infection), % of foliar lesions covered by sporangia, number of days after emergence of the plants when the 1st foliar infection and tuber yield was observed]. These results indicate that minor resistance genes of the population B operate less efficiently than when combined with R genes, as in the population A, Uno de los principales problemas del cultivo de la papa en México y a nivel mundial es el tizón tardío (Phytophthora infestans). Durante 3 años se hicieron evaluaciones bajo las condiciones de campo del Valle de Toluca, el centro de origen de P. infestans, para comparar 10 genotipos de la población A con resistencia vertical (combinación de genes mayores R y genes menores) y 10 genotipos de la población B con resistencia horizontal (sin genes R). La población A fue generada por el INIFAP en México y la población B en Perú por el Centro Internacional de la Papa. Los resultados demostraron que la población A fue significativamente superior en las 5 variables que se utilizaron para evaluar la resistencia [área relativa bajo la curva de infección, pendiente (pendiente de la regresión lineal: tiempo vs. % de infección foliar), % de las lesiones foliares cubiertas por esporangios, número de días después de la emergencia de las plantas cuando se observó la 1er infección foliar y el rendimiento de tubérculos]. Estos resultados indican que los genes menores de resistencia de la población B operan con menor eficiencia que cuando están combinados con genes R, como ocurre en la población A

Published
2016

279. Effect of Kinesiology Tape on Measurements of Balance in Subjects With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Carlos de-la-Torre-Domingo, Antonio López-Román, Francisco Molina-Rueda, Josué Fernández-Carnero, and Isabel M. Alguacil-Diego

Subjects
Joint Instability, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Poison control, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Placebo, law.invention, Young Adult, Randomized controlled trial, law, Post-hoc analysis, medicine, Humans, Single-Blind Method, Ankle Injuries, Postural Balance, Balance (ability), Analysis of Variance, Kinesiology, business.industry, Rehabilitation, Posturography, Athletic Tape, Chronic Disease, Physical therapy, Female, Analysis of variance, business, Ankle Joint
Abstract

Objective To examine the immediate and prolonged effects (7d) of Kinesiology Tape (KT) on balance in subjects with chronic ankle instability using computerized dynamic posturography (CDP). Design A 7-day follow-up, single-blind randomized controlled trial. Setting University community. Participants Subjects (N=36) were screened for possible eligibility criteria, and 30 successfully completed the study protocol. Of these, 15 were randomly assigned to the experimental group (KT: 5 men, 10 women), and 15 were assigned to the control group (placebo tape: 10 men, 5 women). Interventions The experimental group was taped for a lateral ankle sprain with KT. In the control group, a placebo tape was used. Balance was assessed under the following 3 conditions: without taping, immediately after application, and after 7 days of use. Main Outcome Measures The CDP device used in this study was the Smart Equitest version 8.2. CDP analysis was conducted using the Sensory Organization Test (SOT). As primaries outcome measures, the composite SOT score and composite SOT strategy were chosen. The partial score for SOT condition 2 and its strategy were considered as the secondary outcomes measures. Results Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that there was not a significant interaction between group and time in the composite SOT score (F=.239; P =.73), SOT condition 2 (F=.333; P =.705), and SOT strategy 2 (F=.899; P =.43). Additionally, repeated-measures ANOVA showed a significant effect for time (composite SOT score: F=40.69; P ≤.01; SOT condition 2: F=4.61; P =.014; SOT strategy 2: F=.899; P =.413; composite SOT strategy: F=15.14; P ≤.01). Specifically, post hoc analysis showed that both groups obtained improvements in composite SOT scores immediately after tape application and 7 days of use. Conclusions According to our results, the SOT scores of both the KT and control groups improved during follow-up. No differences between them were observed during the follow-up in most balance measurements. The observed changes may be related to a subjective increase in confidence after the tape application.

Published
2014

281. ¿Podemos mejorar el manejo terapéutico de la rinitis alérgica en atención primaria?

Author

F.J. López Román, A.B. Martínez Gonzálvez, J F Menárguez Puche, P.A. Alcántara Muñoz, M.D. Lorenzo Zapata, and M. I. Sánchez López

Subjects
Gynecology, Medicine(all), medicine.medical_specialty, Rinitis alérgica, business.industry, Primary health care, General Medicine, Primary care, Atencion primaria, Atención primaria, Allergic rhinitis, Treatment, Evaluation and improvement of quality, Tratamiento, Medicine, Evaluación y mejora de la calidad, business, Family Practice, Enfermedades respiratorias
Abstract

ObjetivoEvaluar mejora del manejo terapéutico de la rinitis alérgica.DiseñoEstudio de nivel de calidad (longitudinal, prospectivo, de intervención).EmplazamientoAtención primaria.Pacientes u otros participantesPrimera evaluación (segundo trimestre de 1995): entre 305 pacientes se muestrearon 73 (confianza, 5%; precisión, 10%). Segunda evaluación (segundo trimestre de 1996). Tamaño muestral de 51 pacientes de un total de 210.IntervencionesSe analizaron criterios explícitos y normativos de proceso basados en consenso de tratamiento de rinitis y un indicador resumen de calidad de manejo global. Criterio 1 (C1): tratamiento correctamente escalonado. Criterio 2 (C2): tratamiento inicial electivo con corticoides inhalados. Criterio 3 (C3): correcta utilización de corticoides orales o inmunoterapia. Criterio 4 (C4): terapia coadyuvante según síntomas predominantes. Medidas correctoras: formación continuada y uso rutinario de guía para la práctica.Estadísticaíndice cumplimiento criterios, c2 y Z de Fisher con test de una cola para comparar ambas evaluaciones.Mediciones y resultados principalesPrimera evaluación: índice cumplimiento C1 = 59% (IC ± 11); C2 = 41% (IC ± 11); C3 = 90% (IC ± 6), y C4 = 83% (IC ± 8). Los criterios y el indicador resumen obtuvieron mejores resultados en los pacientes atendidos por alergólogos. Segunda evaluación con mejora global: C1 = 68,6% (IC ± 13); C2 = 57% (IC ± 13); C3 = 94% (IC ± 6), y C4 = 98% (IC ± 3). Diferencias significativas para C4 y C2 (p < 0,05). La calidad global y de criterios mejoró entre los pacientes atendidos en nuestro ámbito. El indicador resumen pasó del 35,6% al 57% (p = 0,019), igualándose los niveles de calidad (C1-C4) a los de pacientes atendidos en alergia y desapareciendo las diferencias significativas de la primera evaluación.ConclusionesLa formación continuada y la utilización rutinaria de guías para la práctica permite mejorar el manejo terapéutico de la rinitis alérgica en atención primaria.ObjectiveTo evaluate improvement in therapeutic management of allergic rhinitis.DesignStudy of level of quality (longitudinal, prospective, intervention).SettingPrimary care.Patients and other participantsFirst evaluation (second quarter of 1995): 73 out of 305 patients were sampled (confidence 5%, accuracy 10%). Second evaluation (second quarter of 1996). Sample of 51 patients from a total of 210.InterventionsExplicit criteria and standard procedure, based on consensus, for rhinitis treatment and an overall indicator of the general quality of rhinitis management were analysed. Criterion 1 (C1): correctly scaled treatment; criterion 2 (C2): initial treatment of choice with inhaled corticoids; criterion 3 (C3): correct use of oral corticoids or immunotherapy; criterion 4 (C4): coadjutant therapy according to predominant symptoms.Corrective measuresongoing training and routine use of guide to practice. Statistics: index of compliance with criteria, Chi squared and Fisher's Z tests of a tail to compare both evaluations.Measurements and main resultsFirst evaluation: index of compliance with C1 = 59% (CI ± 11), C2 = 41% (CI ± 11), C3 = 90% (CI ± 6) and C4 = 83% (CI ± 8). Criteria and summary indicator obtained better results in patients attended by allergists. Second evaluation with overall improvement: C1 = 68.6% (CI ± 13), C2 = 57% (CI ± 13), C3 = 94% (CI ± 6), C4 = 98% (CI ± 3). Significant differences for C4 and C2 (p < 0.05). Overall quality and quality of criteria improved for patients attended in our environment. The summary indicator went up from 35.6% to 57% (p = 0.019), with the quality levels (C1-C4) becoming the same as those of the patients with allergy attended and with significant differences in the first evaluation disappearing.ConclusionsOngoing training and routine use of guides to practice enables the therapeutic management of allergic rhinitis in primary care to be improved.

Published
2001
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286. PUEBLOS ORIGINARIOS E INCLUSION POLÍTICA EN MEXICO.

Author

Lozano Alvarado, Justino, López Román, Dante, Charco Cruz, Victor, and Sandoval Hernández, Federico

Abstract

Copyright of Congreso Internacional de Investigacion Academia Journals is the property of PDHTech, LLC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2017

287. Manejo del déficit de hierro y la anemia ferropénica en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Resultados de la encuesta 'Gestiona Hierro-EII'

Author

Francesc Casellas-Jordá, Isabel Vera-Mendoza, Manuel Barreiro-de-Acosta, Juan-María Vázquez-Morón, Javier López-Román, and Javier Júdez-Gutiérrez

Subjects
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Iron deficiency anemia, Iron deficiency, Survey, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

RESUMEN Introducción: la anemia ferropénica es una manifestación común y muy relevante de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII). Aunque se han publicado guías de práctica clínica y puestas al día sobre el tema, el manejo práctico de esta complicación dista de ser óptimo. Objetivo: conocer el manejo real, las necesidades y las limitaciones de la anemia en la EII mediante una encuesta a especialistas de digestivo. Material y métodos: encuesta telemática autoadministrada, realizada entre abril- mayo 2017, y dirigida a socios de la SEPD con actividad clínica. La encuesta incluye cuatro apartados: demografía de los participantes, monitorización, tratamiento y limitaciones/necesidades. Resultados: ciento veintidós encuestas evaluables procedentes de todas las comunidades autónomas. La anemia ferropénica se considera una manifestación frecuente de la EII y que se monitoriza en todos los pacientes mediante determinación de la hemoglobina y la ferritina. En caso de anemia, los encuestados consideran necesario descartar la existencia de actividad de la EII, aunque solo el 14,8% indica el hierro intravenoso si la EII está activa. La dosis necesaria de hierro intravenoso es mayoritariamente calculada según las necesidades del paciente, pero solo el 33,1% utiliza dosis por infusión de 1 g o más elevadas. Conclusiones: la encuesta "Gestiona Hierro EII" sobre el manejo de la anemia en la EII demuestra una alta calidad asistencial, pero con aspectos a mejorar como la indicación de hierro intravenoso en los pacientes con actividad, el uso de hierro intravenoso de altas dosis o la aplicación de algoritmos en la práctica asistencial.

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288. Response of the Mexican clone of potato 99-39 to potassium in hydroponics and greenhouse.

Author

Flores Gutiérrez, Francisco Xavier, Flores López, Román, Mora Herrera, Martha Elena, and Franco Mora, Omar

Subjects
POTATOES, PLANT growth, CROP yields, GREENHOUSE plants, HYDROPONICS
Abstract

In order to determine the effect and optimum dose of potassium in the production of minitubers of the Mexican clone of potato 99-39, experiments were established in July and September 2015, where concentrations of 0 (absolute control), 150, were tested. 250 (commercial control), 350, 450 and 550 mg L-1 in nutrient solution in hydroponic system. The results indicated that the highest plant height and leaf area index were found in the treatments with the highest concentration of K. The dose of 350 mg L-1 of K produced 19% more tubers with a diameter equal to or greater than 15 mm per plant. Than the commercial witness and 194% more than the absolute witness. The second order equation (R2= 0.94) allowed us to estimate that the optimal dose for potato clone 99- 39 was 400 mg L-1 potassium, which can produce up to 20.67 minitubers per plant. There was statistical significance in the interaction date x dose for tuber production per plant and for the harvest index, with higher production in july planting than in autumn winter season; conversely, it was found that the harvest index was higher in the autumn-winter season. High concentrations of potassium during the whole crop cycle promoted the production of a greater number of tubers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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290. Effect of elastic bandage on postural control in subjects with chronic ankle instability: a randomised clinical trial.

Author

Alguacil-Diego, Isabel M., de-la-Torre-Domingo, Carlos, López-Román, Antonio, Miangolarra-Page, Juan Carlos, and Molina-Rueda, Francisco

Subjects
ANKLE injury treatment, ANALYSIS of variance, DIAGNOSIS, JOINT hypermobility, PHYSICAL therapy, POSTURE, PROPRIOCEPTION, STATISTICAL sampling, T-test (Statistics), REPEATED measures design, DATA analysis software, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, TAPING & strapping, COMPRESSION bandages
Abstract

Purpose:To report the immediate and prolonged (one week) effects of elastic bandage (EB) on balance control in subjects with chronic ankle instability. Material and methods:Twenty-eight individuals successfully completed the study protocol, of whom 14 were randomly assigned to the EB group (7 men, 7 women) and 14 were assigned to the non-standardised tape (NST) group (9 men, 5 women). To objectively measure postural sway we used computerised dynamic posturography (CDP) with sensory organisation test (SOT) and unilateral stance (US) test. We analysed the following SOT parameters: the composite SOT score, the composite SOT strategy and the SOT condition 2 and its strategy. In addition, we studied the centre of gravity (COG) sway velocity with open eyes and close eyes during the US test. Results:Repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant effect for time in composite SOT score (F= 34.98;p= <0.01), composite SOT strategy (F= 12.082;p= 0.02), and COG sway with open eyes (F= 3.382;p= 0.039) in EB group and NST group. Therefore, there were improvements in balance control after bandage applications (defined as better scores in SOT parameters and decreased COG sway in US test). However, no differences between groups were observed in the most relevant parameters. Conclusions:This study did not observe differences between EB and NST during the follow-up in the majority of measurements. Several outcome measures for SOT and US tests improved in both groups immediately after bandage applications and after one week of use. EB of the ankle joint has no advantage as compared to the non-standardised tape.Implications for rehabilitationElastic bandage (EB) of the ankle joint has no advantage as compared to the non-standardised tape.The effects of the bandages could be due to a greater subjective sense of security.It is important to be prudent with the use of bandage, since a greater sense of safety could also bring with it a greater risk of injury.The application of the bandage on subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI) should be prolonged and used alongside other physiotherapy treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2018
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291. Naturally occurring neuronal death during the development of the inferior olive in the chick

Author

A. López-Román and José A. Armengol

Subjects
Cerebellum, General Neuroscience, Period (gene), Purkinje cell, Synaptogenesis, Apoptosis, Cell Count, Chick Embryo, DNA Fragmentation, General Medicine, Climbing fiber, Olivary Nucleus, Biology, Embryonic stem cell, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, medicine, Animals, Fragmentation (cell biology), Chickens, Neuroscience
Abstract

Naturally occurring neuronal death was found by in situ labelling of nuclear DNA fragmentation during the development of the chick inferior olive. Counting neuronal perikarya showed an evident loss of cells from embryonic day 18 to hatching. This reduction in neuronal numbers was followed by an increase of similar size from days 1–4 post-hatching. This biphasic evolution of the neuronal numbers is quite similar to that found in the inferior olive of rodents during the first two weeks of the postnatal life, a period also characterized by definitive synaptogenesis between climbing fibers and Pukinje cells in the cerebellum of the rodents. The similarity in the evolution of neuronal number in the inferior olive of both rodents and chicks, seems to indicate that definitive synaptogenesis between climbing fibers and Purkinje cells might occur from embryonic day 18 to postnatal day 3 in the chick cerebellum. Nevertheless, during the phase of cell loss the climbing fibers of chick have attained a more mature developmental stage than those of the rat. This difference suggests that naturally occurring neuronal death may be independent of the elimination of redundant axonic collaterals during the definitive climbing fibers-Purkinje cell synaptogenesis.

Published
1996
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292. Ipsilaterally located olivocerebellar projection neurons of the chick

Author

José A. Armengol and A. López-Román

Subjects
Neurons, education.field_of_study, biology, General Neuroscience, Population, Chick Embryo, General Medicine, Anatomy, Olivary Nucleus, Reticular formation, Horseradish peroxidase, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, Cerebellar peduncle, Cerebellum, Neural Pathways, Olivocerebellar tract, biology.protein, medicine, Animals, Raphe nuclei, education, Chickens, Neuroscience, Horseradish Peroxidase
Abstract

The use of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and 1,1′-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) as retrograde tracers, applied in vitro within the olivocerebellar tract of both embryos (9 to 21 days old) and postnatal (3–60 days old) chickens, has allowed the observation of a small population of neurons located ipsilaterally to the placement of the tracer. These neurons, whose morphology indicated that they belong to the inferior olive rather than to the reticular formation or the raphe nuclei, followed the same developmental steps as normally placed inferior olivary neurons. Furthermore, pedunculotomy experiments made on 3-day-old chickens demonstrated that ipsilateral neurons sent their axons through the cerebellar peduncle. In contrast to the completely crossed arrangement of the olivocerebellar projection, the present results show the existence, as in the rat, of a few ipsilateral inferior olivary neurons whose significance is unclear.

Published
1996
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293. A fast and easy fluorescent counterstaining method for neuroanatomical studies by using Acridine Orange

Author

JoséA. Armengol and A. López-Román

Subjects
Medulla Oblongata, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Chromatography, Staining and Labeling, Chemistry, General Neuroscience, Acridine orange, Acridine dye, Tract tracing, Olivary Nucleus, Counterstain, Fluorescence, Acridine Orange, Rats, Microscopy, Electron, chemistry.chemical_compound, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Fluorescent tracer, Rats, Wistar, Fast blue, Fluorescent Dyes
Abstract

Acridine Orange is commonly used as a fluorescent counterstain in fluorescent tract tracing techniques. Here we describe a method in which the substitution of the standard washing solutions (i.e., 0.9% saline) for a diluted solution of Acridine Orange (0.001%) during the perfusion of the animal before fixation provides a fluorescent counterstaining compatible with Fast Blue fluorescent retrograde labeling. In contrast to other fluorescent counterstaining methods, this procedure minimizes the diminution in the fluorescence of the tracer during the handling of sections.

Published
1995
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295. Effects of high-resistance circuit training in an elderly population

Author

Pedro E. Alcaraz, Jorge Pérez-Gómez, Francisco Javier López-Román, Salvador Romero-Arenas, Antonio J. Luque, Miryam Martínez-Pascual, and Anthony J. Blazevich

Subjects
Male, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Bone density, Weight Lifting, sports, Population, Walking, Biochemistry, Body composition, Endocrinology, Animal science, Oxygen Consumption, Bone Density, Genetics, Medicine, Humans, Muscle Strength, Treadmill, Circuit weight training, education, VO2 Energy, Muscle, Skeletal, Molecular Biology, Cardiovascular fitness, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, Aged, Bone mineral, Circuit training, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Muscle strength, Resistance Training, Cell Biology, Middle Aged, Resistance training, Exercise Therapy, Lean body mass, sports.sport, Physical therapy, Body Composition, Exercise Test, Female, business, Energy Metabolism
Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of a program of high-resistance circuit (HRC) training, and to compare the effects of HRC to traditional heavy strength (TS) training on strength, muscle size, body composition and measures of cardiovascular fitness in a healthy elderly population. Thirty-seven healthy men and women (61.6 ± 5.3 years) were randomly assigned to HRC (n = 16), TS (n = 14), or a control group (CG, n = 7). Training consisted of weight lifting twice a week for 12 weeks. Before and after the training, isokinetic peak torque in the upper and lower body, and body composition (dual X-ray absorptiometry) were determined. In addition, cardiovascular parameters were evaluated during an incremental treadmill test. Both HRC and TS groups showed significant increases in isokinetic strength (p < 0.001), and the increase was significantly greater in the experimental groups than in CG (p < 0.03). There were significant increases in lean mass (HRC, p < 0.001; TS, p = 0.025) and bone mineral density (HRC, p = 0.025; TS, p = 0.018) in the experimental groups. Only HRC showed a significant decrease in fat mass (p = 0.011); this decrease was significantly greater in HRC than in CG (p = 0.039). There were significant improvements in walking economy in the HRC group (p < 0.049), although there were no statistical differences between groups. There were no changes in any variables in CG. Hence, HRC training was as effective as TS for improving isokinetic strength, bone mineral density and lean mass. Only HRC training elicited adaptations in the cardiovascular system and a decrease in fat mass. Actividad Física y Deporte

Published
2012

298. Morphological evidence for the presence of ipsilateral inferior olivary neurons during postnatal development of the olivocerebellar projection in the rat

Author

A. López-Román and José A. Armengol

Subjects
Cerebellum, education.field_of_study, General Neuroscience, medicine.medical_treatment, Population, Anatomy, Biology, Olivary nucleus, Axonal tracing, medicine.anatomical_structure, Olivocerebellar tract, Medulla oblongata, medicine, Axoplasmic transport, Axotomy, education, Neuroscience
Abstract

The presence of ipsilateral inferior olivary neurons during postnatal development of the olivocerebellar projection in the rat was investigated by two in vitro axonal tracing methods and by the axotomy of one olivocerebellar tract. The experiments were carried out before (P1), during (P5–P10) and after (P20) the period of multiple innervation of Purkinje cells by climbing fibers. According to present results: (1) ipsilateral inferior olivary neurons are distributed, on all analyzed days, throughout the entire inferior olive; (2) cell counts after axotomy experiments demonstrated that they represent a small population of inferior olivary neurons, whose number oscillated between 271 ± 30 in young animlas (pedunculotomized at P1 and killed at P7) and 26 ± 12 in older ones (pedunculotomized at P20 and killed at P40). This experiment confirmed that most of these neurons are eliminated during the regressive events that take place during normal development of the olivocerebellar projection; and (3) few ipsilateral inferior olivary neurons, however, survive at P40, but their significance is still unclear. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Published
1994
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299. Paracuaria hispanica n. sp. (Nematoda: Acuariidae), a stomach parasite of the pyrenean desman Galemys pyrenaicus Geoffr. (Insectivora: Talpidae), with a redefinition of the genus Paracuaria Rao, 1951

Author

H. Gijón-Botella, J. Rey, F. Alvarez, F. López-Román, M. L. Sanmartiín, and P. Quinteiro

Subjects
Desman, Larva, Acuariidae, biology, Talpidae, Genus, Animal ecology, Insectivora, Zoology, Parasitology, Anatomy, biology.organism_classification, Galemys pyrenaicus
Abstract

Adult and fourth-stage larvae of Paracuaria hispanica n. sp., from the stomach of the Pyrenean desman Galemys pyrenaicus Geoffroy (Insectivora: Talpidae) in northern and central Spain, are described. The new species differs from the other members of the genus Paracuaria (P. adunca and P. soricis), among other morphological details, in its smaller body and spicule sizes, the presence of a cuticular ring around the tip of the female tail, and the existence of lateral alae running longitudinally along its body from the cervical region to the tail. In view of the latter feature, the genus Paracuaria is redefined. The fourth stage larva of the new species is distinguished from that of P. adunca by its monocuspid deirids. P. hispanica occurred in 45% of the 20 host specimens examined.

Published
1994
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