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254. Exotic hadrons from heavy ion collisions

Author

Cho, S., Hyodo, Tetsuo, Jido, Daisuke, Ko, C. M., Lee, S. H., Maeda, Saori, Miyahara, Kenta, Morita, Kenji, Nielsen, M., Onishi, Akira, Sekihara, Takayasu, Song, T., Yasui, Shigehiro, and Yazaki, Koichi

Subjects
High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

With upgraded detectors at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), it has become possible to measure hadrons beyond their ground states in high energy heavy ion collisions. Therefore, heavy ion collisions provide a new method for studying exotic hadrons that are either molecular states made of various hadrons or compact system consisting of muliquarks. Because their structures are related to the fundamental properties of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), studying exotic hadrons is currently one of the most active areas of research in hadron physics. The present review is a summary of the current understanding of a selected set of exotic candidate particles that can be potentially measured in heavy ion collisions., RHICやLHCでの検出器の性能向上により、高エネルギー重イオン衝突において基底状態だけでなく励起状態のハドロンも測定できるようになった。そこで、重イオン衝突はハドロン分子状態やマルチクォーク状態などのエキゾチックハドロンの新しい手法となる。エキゾチックハドロンの構造は量子色力学の基本的性質と関連しているので、これらを研究することはハドロン物理の最も精力的な話題の一つである。本レビューでは、重イオン衝突で測定できるようなエキゾチックハドロン候補の幾つかに対して、現在の理解をまとめる。

Published
2017

263. A dual role for SAMHD1 in regulating HBV cccDNA and RT-dependent particle genesis

Author

Wing, P, Davenne, T, Wettengel, J, Lai, A, Zhuang, X, Chakraborty, A, D'Arienzo, V, Kramer, C, Ko, C, Harris, J, Schreiner, S, Higgs, M, Roessler, S, Parish, J, Protzer, U, Balfe, P, Rehwinkel, J, and McKeating, J

Subjects
Transcriptional Activation, Hepatitis B virus, RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase, Hep G2 Cells, Reverse Transcription, Transfection, Virus Replication, SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1, Gene Knockout Techniques, Hepatitis B, Chronic, DNA, Viral, Humans, DNA, Circular, Research Articles, Research Article
Abstract

Our study highlights a dual role for SAMHD1 in regulating hepatitis B virus cccDNA levels and reverse transcriptase–dependent particle genesis., Chronic hepatitis B is one of the world’s unconquered diseases with more than 240 million infected subjects at risk of developing liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B virus reverse transcribes pre-genomic RNA to relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) that comprises the infectious particle. To establish infection of a naïve target cell, the newly imported rcDNA is repaired by host enzymes to generate covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which forms the transcriptional template for viral replication. SAMHD1 is a component of the innate immune system that regulates deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate levels required for host and viral DNA synthesis. Here, we show a positive role for SAMHD1 in regulating cccDNA formation, where KO of SAMHD1 significantly reduces cccDNA levels that was reversed by expressing wild-type but not a mutated SAMHD1 lacking the nuclear localization signal. The limited pool of cccDNA in infected Samhd1 KO cells is transcriptionally active, and we observed a 10-fold increase in newly synthesized rcDNA-containing particles, demonstrating a dual role for SAMHD1 to both facilitate cccDNA genesis and to restrict reverse transcriptase-dependent particle genesis.

Published
2019
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267. Irish Society of Gastroenterology: Proceedings of Winter Meeting held November, 1994 in Dublin

Author

Neelamakam, P. K., Brazil, E., Attwood, S., Traynor, O., Yaqoob, J., Khan, M. I., O’Toole, D., Noonan, N., Carey, C., Kelleher, D., Weir, D. G., Keeling, P. W. N., Monahan, D., Cogan, L., Willoughby, R., Jackson, J., Whelan, A., Weir, D. G., Feighery, C., Kaminski, G. Z., Conroy, A., Dooley, S., Parfrey, N. A., McEneaney, P., O’Morain, C., McGrath, J. P., Stuart, R. C., Hill, J., Byrne, P. J., Timon, C., Chung, S. C. S., VanHasselt, A., Hennessy, T. P. J., Hamilton, D., Mulcahy, D., Walsh, D., Farrely, C., Tormey, W., Fielding, J., Watson, G., Conroy, A., Kaminski, G. Z., Dooley, S., Parfrey, N. A., Khan, M. I., Yaqoob, J., Cherukuri, A., Maloney, M., Toole, D. O., Corcoran, M., Noonan, N., Weir, D. G., Keeling, P. W. N., Coffey, J., Butt, F., McAvinchey, D., Delaney, P. V., Burke, G. J., Feighery, C., Youngprapakorn, S., Srinivasan, U., Willoughby, R., Leonard, N., O’Farrelly, C., Morain, C. O., Weir, D. G., Whelan, C. A., Barry, E., Collins, C., Costello, P., Willoughby, R., Feighery, C., O’Herlihy, C., O’Donoghue, D. P., O’Farrelly, C., Yaqoob, J., Khan, M. I., Corcoran, M., Clabby, C., Toole, D. O., Noonan, N., Kelleher, D., Weir, D. G., Keeling, P. W. N., McCarthy, J., Kenny-Walsh, E., Whelton, M. J., Morrin, M., Khan, F., Delaney, P., O’Keeffe, J., Mills, K., Willoughby, R., Feighery, C., Bennett, M. A., Kay, E. W., Mulcahy, H., O’Donoghue, D. P., Leader, M., Croke, D. T., Yaqoob, J., Fan, X. G., Khan, I., Toole, D. O., Noonan, N., Carey, C., Kelleher, D., Weir, D. G., Keeling, P. W. N., Keating, S., Morrison, C., Buckley, M., O’Morain, C., O’Reilly, F. M., Darby, C., Courtney, M. G., Murphy, G. M., Fielding, J. F., O’Boyle, C. J., Boyle, T. J., Costello, P., Mulhall, K., Kerin, M. J., Courtney, D., Quill, D. S., Given, H. F., Kehoe, S., Boyle, T. J., Quirke, R., Stephens, R. B., Norris, S., Costello, P., Collins, C., Traynor, O., McEntee, G., Hegarty, J., Farrelly, C., Thottaparambil, D., Thomas, R., Houghton, G., Sachithanandan, S., Geoghegan, A., Leader, M., Doyle, S., McGrath, J. P., McCaul, C., Byrne, P. J., Walsh, T. N., Hennessy, T. P. J., Khan, M. I., Yaqoob, J., Farrell, R., Gusau, B., Toole, D. O., Carey, C., Noonan, N., Kelleher, D., Keeling, P. W. N., Courtney, M. G., O’Mahoney, M. S., AlBloushi, S., Sachithanandan, J., Walshe, J., Carmody, M., Donohoe, J., Shattock, A. G., Parfrey, N., Fielding, J. F., Collins, C., Lynch, S., Madrigal, L., Norris, S., McEntee, J., Traynor, O., Hegarty, J., O’Farrelly, C., Khan, M. I., Yaqoob, J., Murphy, R., Ahmed, Z., Ryan, M., Montwill, C., Morgan, A., Smith, P., Walker, F., Murphy, A., Moloney, M., McGrath, S., Kelleher, D., Taraneweh, E., Bhatia, A. K., O’Keeffe, D., McCarthy, P., Rajan, E., Albloushi, S., Farrell, B. O’, Shattock, A., Courtney, M. G., Fielding, J. F., Buckley, M., Kearney, D., Lee, J., Gleeson, F., Khan, M. I., Yaqoob, J., Murphy, R., Ahmed, Z., Montwill, C., Ryan, M., Morgan, A., Smith, P., Walker, F., McNamara, B., Cuffe, J., O’Sullivan, G. C., Harvey, B. J., Curran, B., Bennett, M. A., Croke, D. T., Mulcahy, H., Kay, E., Leader, M., O’Donoghue, D. P., Yaqoob, J., Khan, M. I., Corcoran, M., Clabby, C., O’Toole, D., Noonan, N., Weir, D. G., Keeling, P. W. N., Lawler, L., Attwood, S. E. A., Bourke, G., Hyland, J., Owens, W. A., Loughrey, C. M., McAleer, J. A., McManus, K. G., Dillon, J. F., Wong, F. C., Lo, T. C. N., Chan, K. H., Plevris, J. N., Finlayson, N. D. C., Miller, J. D., Bouchier, I. A. D., Hayes, P. C., Walsh, S. V., Egan, L. J., Connolly, C. E., Stevens, F. M., Egan, E. L., McCarthy, C. F., Ma, Q. Y., Magee, G. D., Ardill, J. E., Buchanan, K. D., Rowlands, B. J., McGettigan, P., Chan, R., Shea, B. O’, McManus, J., Feely, J., Donoghue, J., Fanning, N., Mathias, J., Gillen, P., Tanner, W. A., Keane, F. B. V., Campbell, D. M., Donnelly, V., O’Connell, D., Behan, M., O’Herlihy, C., O’Connell, P. R., Ko, C. S., Mealy, K., Walsh, T. N., Hennessy, T. P. J., Gusau, B. M., O’Toole, D., Farrell, R., Noonan, N., Maloney, M., Goggins, M., Yakoub, J., Keeling, P. W. N., Farrell, R. J., Goggins, M., Kelleher, D., Weir, D. G., Keeling, P. W. N., Mahmud, N., Weir, D. G., and Kelleher, D.

Published
1995
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272. MHC-restricted recognition of immunogenic T cell epitopes of pertussis toxin reveals determinants in man distinct from the ADP-ribosylase active site.

Author

Oksenberg, JR, Judd, AK, Ko, C, Lim, M, Fernandez, R, Schoolnik, GK, and Steinman, L

Subjects
Biodefense, Infectious Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Immunization, Vaccine Related, Biotechnology, Good Health and Well Being, Amino Acid Sequence, Antigen-Presenting Cells, Binding Sites, Epitopes, Histocompatibility Antigens Class II, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Lymphocyte Activation, Major Histocompatibility Complex, Molecular Sequence Data, Oligopeptides, Pentosyltransferases, Pertussis Toxin, T-Lymphocytes, Vaccines, Synthetic, Virulence Factors, Bordetella, Medical and Health Sciences, Immunology
Abstract

The S1 subunit of Pertussis toxin (PT) is responsible for the reactogenicity and in part the immunogenicity of Bordetella pertussis vaccine. The critical residues associated with the immunomodulatory effects of PT were located around Glu140 in the S1 subunit. In man, T cell responses to PT are directed at S1 peptides distinct from Glu140. Two such epitopes, p64-75 and p151-161, are immunogenic in a panel of individuals covering a wide range of HLA genotypes. The response to PT peptides is HLA class II restricted. The response to p64-75 is blocked by an anti-HLA-DQ mAb, while that to p151-161 is blocked by an anti-HLA-DR mAb. These findings may allow for the development of a B. pertussis vaccine free from reactogenicity.

Published
1988

282. Growth of the fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum with toluene as the sole carbon and energy source

Author

Weber, Frans J., Hage, Ko C., and Bont, Jan A.M. de

Subjects
Fungi -- Growth, Toluene -- Usage, Oxidation-reduction reaction -- Analysis, Biodegradation -- Research, Biological sciences
Abstract

The fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum may be able to grow by breaking down gaseous toluene. This fungus was isolated from a filter that removed toluene from contaminated air. Analysis of the fungus suggested that it operated by first removing the methyl group from the toluene. As the first known fungus to use toluene as a source of energy and carbon, C. spaerospenmum may play an important role in the development of biofilters that can operate at various water concentrations and pHs.

Published
1995

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