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Pipelines deteriorate gradually over a period of time due to various factors. The limitation in these pipeline systems is that they are affected by various factors such as environmental conditions, corrosion, cracks etc. Maintenance and repair of these systems are labor-intensive and expensive. This can be solved by designing a pipeline inspection robot that would reduce human labor. Such robots will also be helpful in pipeline inspection in hazardous and in accessible environments. This paper aims to review the different types of pipeline robots based on various characteristics such as accuracy in inspection, size and adaptability to shape, flexibility, vertical mobility, scalability, cost, speed, design complexity, impact on the pipe and motion efficiency. Based on the literature survey, a design is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental studies have been made to reduce noise using Swirlers of different vane configuration. Swirl jets have low screech even at higher nozzle pressure ratio (NPR). The acoustic far field is studied for varied NPR for curved vane Swirlers of varying radius of curvature. The flow fields of these Swirlers are visualized by low cost Schlieren technique. The variation in shock cell is observed for this swirler at NPRs of 2, 3 and 4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A muffler is a device used to reduce noise emission by the exhaust of an internal combustion engine. The exhaust muffler is subjected to shear and tensile stresses during the operation. These stresses have led to an increase in the vibration of the material in terms of noise. At the end of the combustion process, the engine releases high pressure and a high amount of gases due to the vibration. Also, it decreases the fatigue life of the system. Due to high pressure in the muffler mantel, the crack and holes are developed and the noise level is increased significantly. This problem could eliminated by choosing the proper material for the muffler. SUH409L steel is widely used as a existing material for muffler. In this project, an alternate material SS304 has been chosen for the reduction of frequency. The frequency response function (FRF) is used to determine the frequency level by the FFT analyzer (SENDIG 903S). The comparison is made with already existing and the proposed material SS304. The evaluation shows that the natural frequency obtained by SS304 had lesser frequency than the standard SUS409L material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rocker bogie mechanism is a mechanism mainly employed within the mars rovers to conquer the basic terrains while keeping balance. It's NASA's preferred mechanism for room automobiles and rovers. It contains 2 arms with steering wheel mounted to each and every. Each arm is attached by way of a movable joint. This allows to employ a suspension-based mechanism which distributes the automobile ton as consistently as you possibly can actually on protrusions as well as unusual surfaces. The look involves a springtime totally free suspension dependent differential drive process which enables the bogie to go more than rubble, pebbles easily. The cameras and sensors installed on a rover should be healthy to function also and properly to increase the life spam of theirs. Additional vibrations as well as jerks result in quicker damage within receptors, circuit boards as well as digital cameras. The rocker bogie mechanism was created trying to keep this particular of brain by offering optimum stableness in all of the terrains. As a result, we examine the layout and also fabrication on the rocker bogie mechanism by fabrication of this particular basic surfaces automobile making use of ideas of the bogie mechanism. All-terrain movable robots are totally different from some other standard movable robots, since they think about the impact of unstructured surface and the environment of its. Thus, the robots are created to work efficiently on all-natural terrains which could be sloped, difficult, as well as deformable and therefore are utilized within these kinds of areas as serious room exploration brilliance as well as recovery as well as army. The rocker bogie suspension product is a passive spring less as well as symmetric mechanism. Each and every edge on the rocker bogie carries a bogie and a rocker: the rocker is attached to the back-steering wheel, and also the center steering wheel as well as the forward steering wheel are linked with the bogie. The 2 sides of the paper of rocker bogie are linked through the differential bar linked to the primary body, and this guarantees the 6 wheels will be in exposure to the soil constantly giving a steady wedge just for the systematic tools & receptors. The rocker arm as well as bogie are built by using various PVC and PVC pipes perspective pipe as well as for interconnecting all of the arms, we're consuming SHM strip with appropriate fastened. For linking the steering wheel, we're planning to utilize cross match jigs to repair rigidly as well as within of the steering wheel DC motor' are repaired as well as since it is equipped within the steering wheel it is able to bring down the winter perturbation also additionally, it bring down the vibration within the body. Digital camera, ultra-sonic sensor, Barometric sensor, Temperature sensor are managed by Arduino UNO (uno board and microcontroller) is in touch with 12v battery power. Plus, most 6 engines are linked through the exact same 12v electric battery, along with overall rover are managed through telephone or maybe pleasure stick that is attached through WIFI component. The rocker bogie style comprising of absolutely no springs as well as stub axles within every steering wheel that enables the chassis to get more than virtually any hurdles, like rubble, ditches, sand, and so on. Which are further up to increase the wheel's diameter of dimension while trying to keep many wheels along the floor optimum period. As when compared with any kind of suspension process, the tilt balance is restricted through the level on the middle of gravity and also the recommended structure has the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pollution caused by Automobiles is classified as exhaust and non-exhaust emissions. While emissions control regulation has led to a substantial reduction in exhaust emissions from road traffic, currently non-exhaust emissions from road vehicles are unabated. Micro particles from brakes are emitted into the air as fine particles, lingering over busy roadways. These particles are well known to have harmful impacts on health due to their chemical compositions and size. Fine particles (PM2.5) are the main cause of reduced visibility (haze) in our treasured national parks and wilderness areas. Particles can be carried over long distances by wind and then settle on ground or water. Depending on their chemical composition, the effects of this settling may include making lakes and streams acidic changing the nutrient balance in coastal waters and large river basins depleting the nutrients in soil, damaging sensitive forests and farm crops. PM can stain and damage stone and other materials, including culturally important objects such as statues and monuments. PM emissions from electric and supposedly clean vehicles are likely to end up being a greater contributor to this type of pollution than fumes from diesel exhausts. In this project a novel design was developed to capture brake emissions from automobiles using activated bamboo charcoal. A charcoal adsorbent has been prepared by treatment with Sulfuric acid(H2SO4), Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and Phosphoric acid(H3PO4). The optimal conditions for preparation were: 12moldm3 at a ratio of 1:9 (weight of charcoal: volume acids), 25-30min reaction time at 150-160°C. Characterization includes SEM and EDX was used to identify the size, shape and element compositions of these particles on prepared sample. Comparing three samples, activated carbon by Hydrochloric acid (HCl) has greater adsorbent and it contained elements such as Carbon, Oxygen, Aluminum, Sulfur, Calcium and Barium. Hence emission particles get adsorbed by charcoal. Thus, charcoal is used to capture brake emissions from automobiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peanuts are prevalent food item used in oil and chocolate manufacturing industries, but we have to extract the peanut from the groundnut, since it cannot be used in the cultivated form. For the extraction of the peanut from shell, in industries the groundnut shell extraction machine used which are very big in sizes and not affordable for the small-scale farmer, to make the machine cheaper and portable in size for the benefit of small and medium scale farmers. The fabricated portable groundnut shell extraction machine will be beneficial for the farmers and for small-scale industries. The groundnut shell extraction capacity of the fabricated portable groundnut shell extraction machine is 49.95 kg/hr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In industry, most of the productive time consumed in material handling and storage, it is necessary to optimize the material handling and storage system. Automated Vertical Storage System (AVSS) is one of the technologies used to store and retrieve the material, tools, and consumable products. This paper summarizes, design of the Automated Vertical Storage System, its advantages and disadvantages. Automated Vertical Storage System has many benefits, including savings in production time, labour costs, improved material flow, and inventory control, improved throughput, high floor-space utilization, safety for workers, and stock rotation. Trays used to store the materials inside the storage system and delivery the materials without any human resources. Automated technologies and vertical storage system will save time and optimizes picking operations. It Saves 90% of floor space; also, it increases accuracy, product security, and ergonomic functions. It uses warehouse management software associate with the system, which will allow easy control and manage material handling and storage trays with inventory management software and all the information of the materials stored in the software for easy usage at a convenient location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an Internal combustion engine muffler or a silencer (muffler is an American word whereas silencer is used in British English; both meaning the same) is used for decreasing noise. The exhaust gas at high temperature produces high sound, a part of automotive system which acts as a noise deadening device. Today no Exhaust systems in an automobile come without a muffler. The loudness of sound is reduced by this acoustic device. These devices were invented to reduce the level of noise pollution that was increasing with the increase in number of vehicles on the road and with increase in the industrial demand the noise pollution was on very high note. These devices were introduced as strict emission regulations were brought in at all parts of the world regarding these noise pollutions. Presently review has focused on different types of mufflers, defects without mufflers; noise pollution and how numerical analysis is covered. By the research it has been analyzed the uses and the way of analysis done on a muffler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manufacturing industry is facing problem with selection of proper materials for automotive applications. In this review, a new material geopolymer introduced and compared with other materials. This material had few advantages like lightweight material, which has capacity to replace materials like Ordinary Portland Cements (OPC). Geopolymer material can withstand heavy impact loads and high compression strength. In this review an overview of sandwich materials over the composite materials has been reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mini Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) provides cost effective solutions to a variety of applications. Hence, the flying platform is being increasingly used for a multitude of applications, both military and civil. However, the requirement of operating parameters varies between the military and civil applications. Parameters like size, range, endurance, operating altitude, maximum take-off weight (MTOW) has implications both for the deployment and employment of UAVs. This paper explores the impact of the operating parameters on military and civil applications of Mini UAV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One hundred years following the first powered ground-breaking flight of the Wright Brother in Kitty Hawk, Carolina, on 17 December 1903, aerospace engineers countenance defy within sympathetic along with controlling flight path and physics. While human space and space flight started in the 20th century, this may mark the start of autonomous uninhabited, computer-controlled flight in the 21st century. Uninhabited air vehicles (UAVs), which were inspired by a variety of civilian, national security and military goals, have evolved as the choice of platform for war fighters conducting surveillance and identification maneuver in hostile upbringing. Due to their comparatively low-down expenditure and tendency to provide perfect monitoring in sequence, plentiful UAV expansion programs cover been launched around the world. As specified in Figure 1, characteristic UAVs encompass a wingspan of more than 1 meter and a "GTOW" of more than five kg. Nonetheless, a novel rank of UAV has arisen in the past decade, which is at least a smaller order of magnitude and two lighter order of magnitude than earlier urbanized airplane. This novel UAV rank call a Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) or is also called a micro UAV. The size of these vehicles is no longer of about six feet, amid unpleasant starting weights of about two hundred g or less. These systems, a novel rank of aircraft, face many unique challenges which are difficult to design and design. In a very sensitive regime for Reynolds numbers, for example, micro air vehicles work. Many complex flow phenomena occur in the boundary layer under this regime. Separation, transition, and reattachment may take place within a short distance along a wing or rotor chord line and may have a significant impact on lifting surface performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the toughest challenges faced by a human are increasing pollution which leads to global warming. This global warming is occurred due to environmental pollution which leads to a tremendous change in the climatic conditions. This paper is based on the pollution control method in the 4-stroke S.I. Engine which runs on Petrol and CNG by using a catalytic converter. This catalytic converter is fabricated by using stainless steel wire mesh (SS-304) which is economically low cost compared with contemporary catalyst such as Rhodium, Platinum and Palladium.(SS-304) The stainless-steel wire meshcoated copper (which is the metal catalyst agent)by using electroplating which provides high conductivity, withstand to higher temperatures (thermal resistance) and flexible.This coated SS-304 wire mesh is reduced the emissions such as CO2, HC, NOx, CO from the bike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we would discuss the possible other methods of propulsion system i.e. detonation wave engines. After some extensive research and experiments in the initial proceedings of the combustion system the researchers have concluded that there is a significant rise in the pressure which in turn increases the overall efficiency in comparison to deflagrative combustion. The types of detonative combustion engines i.e. Pulsed Detonation Engine (PDE) and Rotating Detonation Engine (RDE) are also discussed here. As, Rotating Detonation Engine provides more advantages over Pulsed Detonation Engine there is more emphasis on the rotating detonation engines. They are mostly applied for all kind of jet engines like ramjet, scramjet, turbine and rocket engines. Researches have been conducted with different combination of fuels like Hydrogen- Air, Hydrogen-oxygen etc to find the most efficient combination under laboratory conditions. Finally, the possible combination of engines is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design optimization of the vehicle has been an integral part of Vehicle Aerodynamics. The reason so much heed is given to this research area is due to the ever-growing concern of detrimental effects of fuel on the environment. This paper aims to optimize the shape of auto-rickshaw which is one of the most widely used vehicles in India. Being the developing nation, people use auto-rickshaw because it is economical which makes it essential to modify the design to reduce drag. This, in turn, improves the fuel efficiency of the auto-rickshaw. The impact of the addition of diffuser at the underbody along with varying slant angle at the rear side to provide boot area is studied. The modifications are done on CATIA V5 followed by investigating the coefficient of drag on ANSYS Fluent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After long periods of entrancing over hatchbacks and sedan-type vehicles, automakers in one of the fastest developing economies are currently moving towards compact sports utility vehicles and multi-utility vehicles. Its sales have blown-up over the past five years, accounting for one in four-passenger vehicles sold by India's 74-billion-dollar automotive industry. This project work is about the variation in coefficient of drag for different prospects of opening of doors, boot, and bonnet using a subsonic cascade tunnel. The setup used to determine the drag value is a low-cost force balance setup. In the later phase of the project, the flow field was studied for all possible configurations using smoke-based visualization to have a concise idea about the behavior of the flow when any of the doors or the boot is left open during the motion of the vehicle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study shows the analysis of differentaerodynamicsetups like wing with different shapes of aero foil employed to increase the braking performance of a car. The aerodynamic co-efficient force and air flow over the car body were studied with rear wing and different angles were studied by CFD analysisand wind tunnel. The rear wing was designed based on NACA air foil profiles 6412, 4414 and 2414 for better braking performance for increase of downward force of car body. The vehicle speed and driving conditions can be varied to show aerodynamics is utilized in braking and also improves the safety and stability of the vehicle. By studying the drag co-efficient, lift co-efficient, braking distance depends on the drives to prove that dynamic aerodynamics used in braking mode can improve of driving safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the engineering technologies that can be used to reduce air pollution is the use of catalytic convertor mounted on vehicle gas exhaust duct. Unfortunately, these tools are very expensive in the market, because the catalyst was made from expensive metals and rarely available in the market, such as Palladium, Platinum and Rhodium. Carbon-Monoxide and NOx emission from diesel engine is the major cause of natural calamities and climatic condition of all source of emission the amount of carbon dioxide content in atmosphere is causing global warming which is evolved from greenhouse gases To reduce the emission and control of carbon dioxide Catalytic converter design and modification of catalytic materials can be an alternative to overcome the high air pollution problem from the automotive transportation sector especially particular carbon Monoxide and NOx exhaust emission from diesel engine. The use of zirconium and alumina coated as catalyst in the catalytic converter was significantly able to increase the reduction of carbon Monoxide and NOx exhaust emissions. The increase of catalyst cell amount decreased the concentration of carbon Monoxide and NOx exhaust emission. Optimum design of catalytic converter was able to reduce exhaust emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cellular structure made up of solid metal is significantly termed as Metal Foam. It consists of gas-filled pores in large volumes. These gas-filled pores are sometimes closely packed termed to be closed-cell foam and sometimes it is a network with interconnected termed to be open cell foam. The closed-cell foam is mainly contributed to weight saving and impact-absorbing structural application in automotive vehicles. The open-cell foam is contributed to vibration and sound absorption and catalysis to withstand high temperature for heat exchanger. The attractive method for fabricating metallic foam production is Powder metallurgy because it allows for the processing of a wide range of integral sandwich structures. This work explains the fabrication of Magnesium reinforced with Aluminum, copper, and zinc with yttrium metal foam with titanium hydride as foaming agents and calcium stearate as a binding agent. The pellets are prepared by the powder metallurgy method at the dimension of 20mm diameter and 16mm thickness. The sintered samples are tested for the characteristics of corrosion by using a salt spray test. The sample of the first series which has the composition of Mg-70% Al-30% gave the best result in corrosion resistance results in mpy unit but in mm/yr. samples 1.3 and 2.1 which has the composition of Mg-70% Al-30% and Mg-50% Al-25% Cu-25% respectively gave the best corrosion resistance results in mm/yr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work explains about the fabrication of Magnesium reinforced with aluminum, copper, zinc with yttrium metal foam with titanium hydride as foaming agents and calcium stearate as binding agent. The pellets are prepared by powder metallurgy method at a dimension of 20mm diameter and16mm thickness. The sintered samples are tested for mechanical characteristics. The results of mechanical characteristics for the composition Mg-Al-Cu-Re has the highest load bearing capacity of 52.24kN. The composition Mg-Al-Cu-Re has the highest Compressive strength capability of 163.82Mpa. Hardness value with the composition Mg-Al-Re has the highest hardness value of 204.88VHN. Energy absorption for the composition Mg-Al-Cu-Zn-Re has the highest energy absorption characteristics of 186.944KJ because energy absorption is directly proportional to the porosity of the sample. This work explains about the fabrication of Magnesium as parent metal reinforced with aluminum, copper, zinc with yttrium metal foam with titanium hydride as foaming agents and calcium stearate as binding agent. The pellets are prepared by powder metallurgy method at a dimension of 20mm diameter and 16mm thickness. The sintered samples are tested for their mechanical characteristics by compression and hardness tests. The results of mechanical characteristics for load vs displacement with the composition Mg-Al-Cu-Re has the highest load bearing capacity of 52.24kN. Stress vs strain the composition Mg-Al-Cu-Re has the highest stress bearing capability of 163.82Mpa. Hardness value with the composition Mg-Al-Re has the highest hardness value of 204.88VHN. Energy absorption for the composition Mg-Al-Cu-Zn-Re has the highest energy absorption characteristics of 186.944KJ because energy absorption is directly proportional to the porosity of the sample [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, Pollution is the maximum influencing hazard to environment wherein it is increasing exponentially every day and could result in extinct of living organism. The primary reason for pollution is Automobiles, wherein two-wheelers performs an essential function in that. There are two techniques to control pollutants specifically Pre-emission treatment and Post-emission treatment. This paper is totally based on a Post-emission treatment approach in two-wheelers using nano-fragment as a catalyst. The emanation hydrocarbon, Carbon monoxide and oxide of nitrogen from the car vehicles catalytic converter oxidize hazardous fumes gasses into innocuous gasses in the fumes gadget and therefore the emanation is governed. The contemporary work is planned for utilizing zeolite nano-fragment as a catalyst agent for catalytic converter and the test is accomplished on two wheeler SI engine. The most invaluable estimations of fumes emanations decided at full load are HC (900 ppm), CO (1.65 % vol) and NOx (2850 ppm).The utilization of zeolite packed catalytic converter it's resolved that the fuel efficiency is been increased by 10 %, HC is diminished by 38%, CO decreased by 12 % and NOx decreased by 65% at full load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fact to this day remains true and the same for over a hundred years the Automobile industry and vehicles, in general, have become the pivoting point in our day to day lives. We might as well call it a necessary evil. Although it is very true that they have made our lives more convenient when we speak in terms of transportation; the pollution that conventional IC engine vehicles produce hasn't done much to create a cleaner environment especially with Global warming on the rise as we speak. The simplest remedy would be is to replace IC engine vehicles with Electric one, EV. A Problem common to both conventional IC engine vehicles and EV's alike is the accidents occurring due to collision caused by human error on-road. While safety measures have greatly been taken in order to reduce the damage done to the driver and passengers in the event of a collision it would be far better to avoid the collision altogether. Thus having at least, a Level-1 Autonomous Vehicles capability where the system alerts the driver in the event of a crash or collision and deploy full braking capability. Thanks to increasing urbanization and the advent of modern technology the need of the hour of the 21st century has given rise to high demands for employment in the motorized transport sectors. The authors were successfully able to design, analyze and fabricate an EV with Level-1 Autonomous Vehicles capability. The successful implementation of this project will help in reducing not only pollution and accidents occurring on-road due to vehicle collision but also pave paths in alimenting Level-1 Autonomous Vehicles capability in EV's inexpensively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In brake pad application, natural fiber composites are used to reduce the toxic and harmful effects caused by the asbestos-based brake pads. Because it leads to respiratory problem and lung cancer. In this, natural fiber properties are used to boost the mechanical properties towards the replacement for asbestos brake pad. The natural fiber of Banana fiber (5 & 10%), Coconut fiber (2 & 5%), Rice husk (3 & 5%) with additives like graphite powder(30% & 35%)and Aluminium oxide(15%) to improve the abrasiveness, Epoxy resin (35% & 40%) which is used as binder material. The rice husk is used in order to reduce rate of wear. The wear properties and hardness of the composite material were investigated further and thus, the proposed composite can be used as an effective replacement of asbestos in the brake pad production. The Hardness of the composite sample B is comparatively higher than the Sample A. The Wear Rate of Both Sample A and Sample B is lesser than the commercial brake pads when speed is set to 350 rpm. The Friction coefficient of the Sample B composite Higher than the Sample A composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internal Combustion Engines are the world's leading users of fossil fuels. In this, Compression ignition Engines are among the most frequently used power generation units because of their increased thermal efficiency. Nearly 34 to 42% of the heat energy is wasted through exhaust gas and only 13 to 16% of the heat energy is transformed into convenient mechanical output. The few number of waste heat recovery (WHR) mechanism and procedures comprise of Rankine cycle, Turbo-charging and thermoelectric generators which are used to increase the thermal efficiency of devices and to minimize pollutions. Shell-and - tube style heat exchangers often used by the IC engines for WHR because of their efficient heat transfer rate. For effective recovery of waste heat the heat exchanger its performance is improved by adding fins, hardening, improving the swirl motion by baffle orientation and by adding additives in the heat transfer fluid. In this present study is to analyze the heat transfer behavior, velocity rates and pressure drops in shell and tube heat exchanger by modifying the baffles geometry. A computational model of the shell and tube heat exchanger was developed with ANSYS and the developed model is modified to 3 different models by varying baffle design constraints for the optimization drives for investigation. The rectangular shell is prepared by mild steel and tubes are made of copper. The maximum temperature of exhaust gas is 145˚C and maximum recovered temperature of 112˚C. The results of this work indicate that CFD modelling is hopeful for a heat exchanger design and optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scramjet is an air-breathing engine that uses the oblique or conical shock waves generated during the hypersonic/supersonic flight, to promote compression and deceleration of free stream atmospheric air at the inlet of the scramjet. The combustion includes turbulent mixing, shock interaction and heat release in supersonic flow. The problem associated with combustion is mixing of fuel with air. The scramjet engine can be operating at Mach no. 3.4 to 5 in order to eliminate other propulsive engine. Here the number of ramps and the ramp angle is changed and the thickness and length of combustion chamber is changed. If the length and thickness of the combustion chamber is changed then the fuel will get enough time to mix with air to achieve the desirable thrust. The main objective of this project is to design a scramjet inlet and combustion chamber for efficient fuel combustion by flow analysis. This includes the variation of flow from inlet and combustion chamber by considering the boundary conditions of scramjet engine design. The flow analysis is carried out here by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and the modelling of engine's inlet and combustion chamber is done using CATIA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current work is effort to replace the existing spring in master cylinder of automobile by means compliant approach. Spring details of three wheeled vehicle master cylinder were obtained and then simulation of spring was done for static and overall deflection. Initial Topology of complaint mechanism was obtained throughout topology optimization on ANSYS, finished topology with optimization of dimension and design of members was gained via optimality criteria evaluation method. using the obtained design mechanisms, analysis have been done. From the above analysis, deformation curve is formed and these obtained complaint flexible mechanism is compared with novel product. Reverse engineering procedure is conceded out with design data and shape compliant component have been changed from previous one and it is optimized by ANSYS to get better compliant design. This leads a conclusion that primary spring in master cylinder be replaced with obtain compliant design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The safety factor of a vehicle is the most important aspect other than its design and comfort. In recent times, most of the automotive manufactures have shown a great amount of interest towards the safety of automobiles as it is directly relevant to the safety of its passengers. Even though many automotive firms come up with many new and improved methods to reduce the rate of accidents, it is still at large. The present work deals with an alternative method that can be used to prevent the major impact on the vehicle during the accident in order to reduce injury to the passengers. In the present- day passenger vehicles bumpers are of hallow section which causes severe damage to the passengers and the vehicle. Hence, to reduce this damage an impact damper has been developed. The present work deals with the design and analysis of an impact damper which is used to reduce the impact, which consists of two concentric helical springs that recerts back the absorbed energy developed during impact. The impact dampers help to prevent accidents and keeps the passengers safely. It also helps to reduce the detrimental cost to a great extent. The analysis has been carried out using LS-DYNA and the results obtained were quite satisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study provides visualization outcomes for an "ion wind" interacted impinging jet and checking the feasibility of commercially available ion generator as an active flow control device. The in-house developed jet impingement facility and smoke based visualization technique were used to study the phenomenon. The results showed a prominent effect of ion wind on the low subsonic impinging jet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vortex shedding around a cylinder in a time-varying sinusoidal velocity profile has been studied. A 2D simulation on OpenFoam v2006 was performed. Transient, incompressible, and laminar flow governing equations are solved with the finite volume method.A sin function was setup in the inlet boundary condition to achievea time-varying velocity profile. Cl, Cd, and Cm data were then compared with a base case of 100 Reynolds number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A number of studies have been conducted on different flow control techniques in order to increase the aerodynamic performance of different airfoils. This study will be focusing on a passive blowing flow separation control technique known as 'vented airfoil'. Vents are designed inside the airfoil geometry in order to inject high momentum fluid from pressure surface into suction surface to manipulate the flow over the airfoil in order to delay the boundary layer separation. This paper will conduct a feasibility study of the vents in two different airfoils, namely, NACA2412 and NACA23012. The 2D model of the airfoils was developed with CATIA V5R20 and SST K-ω turbulence model was used for CFD analysis. The critical comparison between the resulting data of ventedNACA2412 and vented NACA23012 airfoils will be useful to determine the feasibility of the above mentioned stall delaying technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]