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Purpose: Nurse‐led digital health interventions (DHIs) for people with chronic disease are increasing. However, the effect of nurse‐led DHIs on blood pressure control and hypertension self‐management remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of nurse‐led DHIs for people with hypertension and compared the effect size of nurse‐led DHIs with that of usual care to establish evidence for the development of effective nursing interventions using technologies. Design: Systematic review and meta‐analysis. Methods: This systematic review and meta‐analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews of Intervention (PRISMA) guidelines and registered the protocol in PROSPERO. Studies published from 2000 to August 5, 2021, were searched using the international databases: PubMed; Embase; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Web of Science; CINAHL; Korean databases: RISS, KISS, KMBASE; and NDSL. Risk of bias 2.0 was used for evaluating the quality of studies. The primary outcome was blood pressure control. The secondary outcomes were self‐management, medication adherence, and diet adherence. Publication bias was assessed using the funnel plot and Egger's regression tests. Findings: The systematic review included 26 studies. A meta‐analysis of 21 studies was conducted to calculate the effect size and identify heterogeneity among the included studies. In our meta‐analysis, we observed that nurse‐led DHIs reduced systolic blood pressure by 6.49 mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI]: −8.52 to −4.46, I2 = 75.4%, p < 0.05) and diastolic blood pressure by 3.30 mmHg (95% CI: −4.58 to −2.01, I2 = 70.3%, p < 0.05) when compared with usual care. Concerning secondary outcomes, the effect size on self‐management, medication adherence, and diet adherence was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.58 to 1.37, I2 = 63.2%, p < 0.05), 1.05 (95% CI: 0.41 to 1.69, I2 = 92.5%, p < 0.05), and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.17 to 1.42, I2 = 80.5%, p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusion: Nurse‐led DHIs were more effective in reducing blood pressure and enhancing self‐management than usual care among people with hypertension. Therefore, as new technologies are being rapidly developed and applied in healthcare systems, further studies and policy support are needed to utilize the latest digital innovations with nursing interventions. Clinical relevance: This study could be used to identify that nurse‐led interventions may take advantage of real‐time communication by employing digital technologies for improving blood control and self‐management behaviors such as medication adherence and diet adherence. Using nurse‐led DHIs allows nurses to provide patient‐centered interventions such as reflecting on patients' needs and shared decision‐making without space constraints and limited treatment time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Vitória‐Trindade Ridge (VTR) has been shown, based on satellite altimetry, to be an important region for the generation of internal tides (ITs) that radiate southward and northward into the South Atlantic Ocean. Here, nearly 1 year of unprecedented high‐density in situ velocity and temperature data collected at this undersampled region, were used to investigate and quantify the IT properties and variability. About 90% of the total tidal energy can be accounted for by the IT in the semidiurnal band. The data depict a dominant surface‐intensified mode‐1 vertical structure associated with progressive baroclinic waves, with a less prominent mode‐2 growing in importance from January to June. Values of energy conversion from the barotropic to the baroclinic semidiurnal tides are comparable to other important sites of IT generation in the world ocean. Energy conversion and the highly coherent energy fluxes are strongly related with the spring‐neap cycle, indicative that the observed IT are predominantly generated at the observational site. Fluxes and conversion are modulated by significant changes in the vertical stratification of the upper ocean, which are observed to occur during the different months of observations. Plain Language Summary: Internal tides (ITs) are waves that propagate in the ocean interior with the same frequencies of the surface tides, and which can transfer energy for long distances affecting remote regions. Such waves are generated in the vertically stratified ocean, when the surface tides encounter steep topography. One such region is the Vitória‐Trindade Ridge (VTR), located at ∼20.5°S in the western South Atlantic. Here, unprecedented data collected by instrumented mooring at the VTR were used to investigate and quantify the properties and variability of these waves. It was shown that IT at semidiurnal frequencies account for most of the energy at the mooring site. The data allowed also for the vertical structure of the circulation associated with the IT to be determined, the amount of energy converted from the surface to the IT to be computed, and the direction and intensity of the IT energy fluxes to be evaluated. A strong relationship was observed to occur between the IT at the VTR and changes in the vertical stratification of the water column along the year. Key Points: In situ data led to unprecedented estimates of energy conversion, fluxes, and coherence levels of semidiurnal internal tides at the Vitória‐Trindade RidgeInternal tides show a predominant surface‐intensified mode‐1 baroclinic structure, and a less prominent mode‐2Energy fluxes and conversion show large temporal variability, with higher values during austral winter, modulated by the spring‐neap cycle [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Interamericana de Psicología is the property of Sociedad Interamericana de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Competition for resources and space can drive forage selection of large herbivores from the bite through the landscape scale. Animal behaviour and foraging patterns are also influenced by abiotic and biotic factors. Fine-scale mechanisms of density-dependent foraging at the bite scale are likely consistent with density-dependent behavioural patterns observed at broader scales, but few studies have directly tested this assertion. Here, we tested if space use intensity, a proxy of spatiotemporal density, affects foraging mechanisms at fine spatial scales similarly to density-dependent effects observed at broader scales in caribou. We specifically assessed how behavioural choices are affected by space use intensity and environmental processes using behavioural state and forage selection data from caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) observed from GPS video-camera collars using a multivariate discrete-choice modelling framework. We found that the probability of eating shrubs increased with increasing caribou space use intensity and cover of Salix spp. shrubs, whereas the probability of eating lichen decreased. Insects also affected fine-scale foraging behaviour by reducing the overall probability of eating. Strong eastward winds mitigated negative effects of insects and resulted in higher probabilities of eating lichen. At last, caribou exhibited foraging functional responses wherein their probability of selecting each food type increased as the availability (% cover) of that food increased. Space use intensity signals of fine-scale foraging were consistent with density-dependent responses observed at larger scales and with recent evidence suggesting declining reproductive rates in the same caribou population. Our results highlight potential risks of overgrazing on sensitive forage species such as lichen. Remote investigation of the functional responses of foraging behaviours provides exciting future applications where spatial models can identify high-quality habitats for conservation., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Animal Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society.)

Water bodies play a crucial role in supporting life, maintaining the environment, and preserving the ecology for the people of India. However, in recent decades, human activities have led to various alterations in aquatic environments, resulting in environmental degradation through pollution. The safety of utilizing surface water sources for drinking and other purposes has come under intense scrutiny due to rapid population growth and industrial expansion. Surface water pollution due to micro-plastics (MPs) (plastics < 5 mm in size) is one of the emerging pollutants in metropolitan cities of developing countries because of its utmost resilience and synthetic nature. Recent studies on the surface water bodies (river, pond, Lake etc.) portrait the correlation between the MPs level with different parameters of pollution such as specific conductivity, total phosphate, and biological oxygen demand. Fibers represent the predominant form of MPs discovered in surface water bodies, exhibiting fluctuations across seasons. Consequently, present study prioritizes understanding the adaptation, prevalence, attributes, fluctuations, and spatial dispersion of MPs in both sediment and surface water environments. Furthermore, the study aims to identify existing gaps in the current understanding and underscore opportunities for future investigation. From the present study, it has been reported that, the concentration of MPs in the range of 0.2-45.2 items/L at the Xisha Islands in the south China sea, whereas in India it was found in the range of 96 items/L in water samples and 259 items/kg in sediment samples. This would certainly assist the urban planners in achieving sustainable development goals to mitigate the increasing amount of emergent pollutant load., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association of household fuel use with hypertension, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) among adult women. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey through face‐to‐face interviews and blood pressure (BP) measurement were conducted among 2182 randomly selected women (1236 solid fuel users and 946 clean fuel users) in rural areas of Bangladesh. Results: Overall, 21% of women were hypertensive. Mean SBP and DBP for the study population were 121.27 mmHg (SD ± 15.43) and 76.18 mmHg (SD ± 12.00), respectively. Hypertension was found significantly (p =.006) higher among solid fuel users (23%) compared to clean fuel users (18%). Women using solid fuels have a 35% higher chance (AOR: 1.35, CI: 1.10–1.80) of having hypertension and have more than twice the risk of developing elevated SBP (AOR: 2.01, CI: 1.55–2.95) relative to women using clean fuels for their daily cooking. The probability of hypertension (AOR: 1.39, CI: 1.17–1.60) and elevated SBP (AOR: 1.35, CI: 1.10–1.61) increased significantly for every hour of fuel use. Conclusions: Using clean fuel, reducing the duration of daily cooking time, and improved cooking facilities may help minimizing hypertension and ultimately cardiovascular disease risk among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drought stress severely impairs common bean production. For facilitating drought-resistance breeding in common bean, molecular markers were identified in a genome-wide level marker-trait association study. A panel of 210 common bean accessions showed large variation in 11 agronomic traits at the adult stage (plant height, pod number per plant, seed number per pod, seed number per plant, seed yield per plant, pod length, harvest index, pod harvest index, days to maturity, hundred-seed weight, and seed yield) under two water conditions. The coefficient of variation ranged from 6.21% for pod harvest index to 51.00% for seed number per plant under well-watered conditions, and from 4.05% for days to maturity to 40.72% for seed number per plant under drought stress. In a genome-wide association study, 119 quantitative-trait loci were associated with drought resistance, including 41 adjacent to known loci. Among these loci, 12 were found to be associated with at least two traits. Three major loci were identified at Pv01 and Pv02. A set of candidate genes were found that encode MYBs, AREBs, WKRYs, and protein kinases. These results reveal promising alleles that control drought resistance, shedding light on the genetic basis of drought resistance and accelerating future efforts for drought resistance improvement in common bean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Automatisierungstechnik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gümüshane Üniversitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Gumushane University, Faculty of Health Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Education & Information Technology (IJEIT) is the property of Ithra Elmarafa for Conferences, Researches & Scientific Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Krakow International Studies / Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe is the property of Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, AFM Publishing Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rhenium, a unique and valuable metal with exceptional properties which is vital in various industrial applications, primarily found in conjunction with minerals like molybdenite and chalcopyrite, predominantly in western countries. Despite its rarity, understanding its geological distribution, geochemical characteristics, atomic structure, and behavior is essential. This paper provides a concise overview of the geological and geographical occurrences of rhenium, shedding light on its formation within both igneous and sedimentary environments. Additionally, it examines its economic significance, emphasizing its critical role in industries like aerospace, electronics, and petrochemicals due to its high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and electrical conductivity enhancement. This comprehensive exploration highlights the importance of rhenium as a byproduct of mining, contributing significantly to technological advancements and innovation across various sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockers of b-adrenoceptors are first-line drugs in the therapy of cardiac diseases. These drugs are widely used in the treatment of patients with hypertension, ischemic heart disease, chronic heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, glaucoma, migraine sufferers, etc. However, due to their pharmacological properties, these drugs also have certain class-specific side effects, which does not always allow their use in certain categories of patients. Adverse reactions of b-adrenoblockers in the city of Kharkiv and the Kharkiv region for the period 2018–2022 were analyzed. It was established that b-adrenoblockers cause side reactions rather rarely (0.78%). Adverse reactions to the b-adrenoblockers group occur more often in women than in men. Adverse reactions occur earlier in men than in women (the difference is 6.8 years). The conducted study indicates a small number of adverse reactions when using b-adrenergic blockers, but a more thorough study of the gender specificity of the side effects of the drugs is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inspired by alkene addition to the Ru and Re tris(thiolate) complexes via carbon‐sulfur bond formation/cleavage reactions along with a periodic extension catalysis notion, a comparative study of the electronic structures, mechanisms, and reactivities for ethylene addition to the Os and Tc tris(thiolate) complexes was performed by DFT and high‐level ab initio quantum calculations. The oxidized Os and Tc complexes were revealed to exhibit sufficient radical characters on the ligands to support their reaction with ethylene, whereas neutral Tc tris(thiolate) complex featuring little thiyl radical character renders no reactivity toward ethylene. Differential reactivities of these tris(thiolate) complexes was deemed to derive from the synergy of the thiyl radical character, the electronegativity, the row, and the charge. Extending from Ru and Re tris(thiolate) complexes to their Os and Tc counterparts can help us to get insightful rationales that would promote further research on alkene addition to metal‐stabilized thiyl radicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertension has become one of the major public health problems in the world. At present, the pathogenesis of hypertension has still not been completely elucidated. In recent years, an increasing evidence shows that intestinal microecology is closely related to hypertension, which provides a new thinking for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of hypertension. Taking intestinal microecology as the target, it is possible to interpreting the scientific connotation of TCM prevention and treatment of hypertension by updating the treatment concept of hypertension, so as to improve the therapeutic effect. In our study, the clinical evidence for TCM treatment of hypertension was systematicly summarized. And the relationship among TCM, intestinal microecology and hypertension was analyzed. In addition, the methods by which TCM regulates intestinal microecology to prevent and treat hypertension were presented, to provide new research ideas for prevention and treatment of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Points: Question: What symptoms are differentially present in SARS-CoV-2–infected individuals 6 months or more after infection compared with uninfected individuals, and what symptom-based criteria can be used to identify postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) cases? Findings: In this analysis of data from 9764 participants in the RECOVER adult cohort, a prospective longitudinal cohort study, 37 symptoms across multiple pathophysiological domains were identified as present more often in SARS-CoV-2–infected participants at 6 months or more after infection compared with uninfected participants. A preliminary rule for identifying PASC was derived based on a composite symptom score. Meaning: A framework for identifying PASC cases based on symptoms is a first step to defining PASC as a new condition. These findings require iterative refinement that further incorporates clinical features to arrive at actionable definitions of PASC. Importance: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with persistent, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects occurring after acute infection, termed postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as long COVID. Characterizing PASC requires analysis of prospectively and uniformly collected data from diverse uninfected and infected individuals. Objective: To develop a definition of PASC using self-reported symptoms and describe PASC frequencies across cohorts, vaccination status, and number of infections. Design, Setting, and Participants: Prospective observational cohort study of adults with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection at 85 enrolling sites (hospitals, health centers, community organizations) located in 33 states plus Washington, DC, and Puerto Rico. Participants who were enrolled in the RECOVER adult cohort before April 10, 2023, completed a symptom survey 6 months or more after acute symptom onset or test date. Selection included population-based, volunteer, and convenience sampling. Exposure: SARS-CoV-2 infection. Main Outcomes and Measures: PASC and 44 participant-reported symptoms (with severity thresholds). Results: A total of 9764 participants (89% SARS-CoV-2 infected; 71% female; 16% Hispanic/Latino; 15% non-Hispanic Black; median age, 47 years [IQR, 35-60]) met selection criteria. Adjusted odds ratios were 1.5 or greater (infected vs uninfected participants) for 37 symptoms. Symptoms contributing to PASC score included postexertional malaise, fatigue, brain fog, dizziness, gastrointestinal symptoms, palpitations, changes in sexual desire or capacity, loss of or change in smell or taste, thirst, chronic cough, chest pain, and abnormal movements. Among 2231 participants first infected on or after December 1, 2021, and enrolled within 30 days of infection, 224 (10% [95% CI, 8.8%-11%]) were PASC positive at 6 months. Conclusions and Relevance: A definition of PASC was developed based on symptoms in a prospective cohort study. As a first step to providing a framework for other investigations, iterative refinement that further incorporates other clinical features is needed to support actionable definitions of PASC. This study aims to develop a definition of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) based on self-reported symptoms and describe PASC frequencies across cohorts, vaccination status, and number of infections using a cohort of adults with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individual and societal reactions to an ongoing pandemic can lead to social dilemmas: In some cases, each individual is tempted to not follow an intervention, but for the whole society, it would be best if they did. Now that in most countries, the extent of regulations to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission is very small, interventions are driven by individual decision-making. Assuming that individuals act in their best own interest, we propose a framework in which this situation can be quantified, depending on the protection the intervention provides to a user and to others, the risk of getting infected, and the costs of the intervention. We discuss when a tension between individual and societal benefits arises and which parameter comparisons are important to distinguish between different regimes of intervention use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the livestock industry, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) play a significant role in monitoring many fauna health statuses and behaviors. Energy preservation in WSNs is considered one of the critical, complicated tasks since the sensors are coupled to constrained resources. Therefore, the clustering approach has proved its efficacy in preserving energy in WSNs. In recent studies, various clustering approaches have been introduced that use optimization techniques to improve the network lifespan by decreasing energy depletion. Yet, they take longer to converge and choose the optimal cluster heads in the network. In addition, the energy is exhausted quickly in the network. This paper introduces a novel optimization technique, i.e., an artificial rabbits optimization algorithm-based energy efficient cluster formation (EECHS-ARO) approach in a WSN, to extend the network lifetime by minimizing the energy consumption rate. The EECHS-ARO technique balances the search process in terms of enriched exploration and exploitation while selecting the optimal cluster heads. The experimentation was carried out on a MATLAB 2021a platform with varying sensor nodes. The obtained results of EECHS-ARO are contrasted with other existing approaches via teaching–learning based optimization algorithm (TLBO), ant lion optimizer (ALO) and quasi oppositional butterfly optimization algorithm (QOBOA). The proposed EECHS-ARO enriches the network lifespan by ~15% and improves the packet delivery ratio by ~5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data-driven approaches have noteworthy significance in managing and improving logistics in E-commerce enterprises. This study focuses on the development of an integrated framework to analyse the Brazilian E-Commerce enterprise public dataset. From the analysis, it is found that sellers of Ibitinga city of SP state had the most count of late deliveries where 42 sellers are under-performing in terms of estimated delivery time. Locations of customers and sellers were spotted on a map to get a geographical representation. The proposed framework may help E-Commerce enterprise owners and retail merchants to make better decisions related to sales and E-Commerce enterprise logistics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study synthesized the prevalence and determinants of hypertension medication adherence. Design: Systematic review and meta‐analysis through systematic search in PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane library and Google Scholar, from 2010 to 2021. Methods: Screening was conducted and reported according to PRISMA criteria, and ten studies identified according to predetermined criteria. The studies were evaluated using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. Analysis was done using the narrative synthesis method. Prevalence data were examined using random effects meta‐analysis in Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis version 3. Results: The overall prevalence of medication adherence was 34.1%, and determinants of medication adherence were the ability to attain hypertension control; hypertension knowledge; and treatment‐related factors including belief of the drug efficacy, having commodities, sociocultural and financial‐related factors. It is imperative to develop, test and use a comprehensive hypertension medication adherence tool that is culturally congruent to Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hypertension is one of the main causes of cardiovascular death. Inflammation was considered influential factors of cardiovascular (CVD) death in patients with hypertension. Advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is an index to assess inflammation, few studies have investigated the relationship between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and cardiovascular death in hypertensive patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and long-term cardiovascular death in hypertensive patients. Method: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018 with mortality follow-up through 31 December 2019 were analyzed. Advanced lung cancer inflammation index was calculated as BMI (kg/㎡) × serum albumin level (g/dL)/neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR). A total of 20,517 participants were evaluated. Patients were divided into three groups based on tertiles of advanced lung cancer inflammation index as follows: T1 (n = 6,839), T2 (n = 6,839), and T3 (n = 6,839) groups. The relationship between advanced lung cancer inflammation index and long-term cardiovascular death was assessed by survival curves and Cox regression analysis based on the NHANES recommended weights. Results: The median advanced lung cancer inflammation index value in this study was 61.9 [44.4, 84.6]. After full adjustment, the T2 group (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50–0.69; p < 0.001) and T3 group (HR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.39–0.58; p < 0.001) were found to have a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular death compared to the T1 group. Conclusion: High levels of advanced lung cancer inflammation index were associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular death in hypertensive patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circadian rhythms, as physiological systems with self‐regulatory functions in living organisms, are controlled by core clock genes and are involved in tumor development. The protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) serves as an oncogene in a myriad of solid tumors, including breast cancer. Hence, the primary aim of the current study is to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which the PRMT6 complex promotes breast cancer progression. The results show that PRMT6, poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), and the cullin 4 B (CUL4B)‐Ring E3 ligase (CRL4B) complex interact to form a transcription‐repressive complex that co‐occupies the core clock gene PER3 promoter. Moreover, genome‐wide analysis of PRMT6/PARP1/CUL4B targets identifies a cohort of genes that is principally involved in circadian rhythms. This transcriptional‐repression complex promotes the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer by interfering with circadian rhythm oscillation. Meanwhile, the PARP1 inhibitor Olaparib enhances clock gene expression, thus, reducing breast carcinogenesis, indicating that PARP1 inhibitors have potential antitumor effects in high‐PRMT6 expression breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertension is a multifactorial disease due to a complex interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Characterized by raised blood pressure (BP), it is responsible for more than 7 million deaths per annum by acting as a leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Reports suggest that genetic factors are estimated to be involved in approximately 30 to 50% of BP variation, and epigenetic marks are known to contribute to the initiation of the disease by influencing gene expression. Consequently, elucidating the genetic and epigenetic mediators associated with hypertension is essential for better discernment of its pathophysiology. By deciphering the unprecedented molecular hypertension basis, it could help to unravel an individual's inclination towards hypertension which eventually could result in an arrangement of potential strategies for prevention and therapy. In the present review, we discuss known genetic and epigenetic drivers that contributed to the hypertension development and summarize the novel variants that have currently been identified. The effect of these molecular alterations on endothelial function was also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vital biomacromolecules, such as RNA, DNA, polysaccharides and proteins, are synthesized inside cells via the polymerization of small biomolecules to support and multiply life. The study of polymerization reactions in living organisms is an emerging field in which the high diversity and efficiency of chemistry as well as the flexibility and ingeniousness of physiological environment are incisively and vividly embodied. Efforts have been made to design and develop in situ intra/extracellular polymerization reactions. Many important research areas, including cell surface engineering, biocompatible polymerization, cell behavior regulation, living cell imaging, targeted bacteriostasis and precise tumor therapy, have witnessed the elegant demeanour of polymerization reactions in living organisms. In this review, recent advances in polymerization in living organisms are summarized and presented according to different polymerization methods. The inspiration from biomacromolecule synthesis in nature highlights the feasibility and uniqueness of triggering living polymerization for cell-based biological applications. A series of examples of polymerization reactions in living organisms are discussed, along with their designs, mechanisms of action, and corresponding applications. The current challenges and prospects in this lifeful field are also proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to analyse journalists' routines and decision-making in gathering and publishing death-related visuals. Empirical data were collected by analysing visuals published in two cases: the death of a teen, and a person who had a mental illness. We conducted eight in-depth interviews with people involved in publishing the visuals. The data showed no guidelines in the newsroom of how journalists should act when covering sensitive topics. Although producing or publishing the visuals depended on various beliefs and professional norms of people involved, the reporter as the last link in the chain had to take responsibility for the visuals. Yet, reporters usually did not get to choose how the visuals were produced. The lack of instructions and internal agreements led to relying on routines that did not consider the ethical aspects of covering sensitive topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is considered the most important dry edible bean market class in the US but little is known about its response to organic fertilizers. A two-year field study was conducted in Paterson, WA to assess phosphorus (P) uptake and yield response of two pinto bean cultivars, 'Buster' and 'Stampede', to application of composted chicken manure and anaerobically digested dairy manure (AD dairy manure) versus mineral P fertilizer (mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP)). Four rates (6, 12, 18 and 24 kg P ha−1 in 2016 and 12, 18, 24 and 48 kg P ha−1 in 2017) of the three P sources were compared to a no-P control. Leaf P concentrations of the two cultivars responded to P fertilizers only when application rate was four times (48 kg P ha−1) the recommended amount. Leaf P concentrations under composted chicken manure and AD dairy manure were comparable to those under MAP. Buster had considerably higher leaf P concentrations during the early vegetative stages than 'Stampede', however Stampede translocated similar or higher P levels to the seed at harvest. Phosphorus sources had no significant effect on seed yield. Although, there was no significant bean yield response to the application of P using both organic and inorganic sources, the substantial amount of P that is translocated to bean seeds and its subsequent removal with harvest may necessitate P supplementation using fertilizers to avoid P mining in pinto bean fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we develop a novel robust control approach for discrete minimum and non‐minimum phase systems via a combined data‐driven virtual reference feedback tuning (VRFT) and internal model control (IMC) scheme. The first step in the conventional VRFT method controller design is the selection of the closed‐loop reference model (Mz), and Mz selection is still an open problem. The integration of the IMC scheme and the VRFT method provides the advantage of flexibility in controller design due to the incorporation of the IMC filter. As a result, the proposed design method begins with the selection of Mz and IMC filter. Unlike the standard VRFT method, the proposed combined VRFT and IMC design approach has the unique feature of taking into account a robustness property of dynamics, namely, maximum sensitivity (Ms) as the design specification for the Mz and IMC filter selection. Moreover, the proposed approach includes a robustness specification that resolves the trade‐off between performance and robustness in real‐time controller design. Furthermore, the robustness guarantee with plant uncertainties and controller fragility is elucidated. The proposed approach is validated using numerical simulations and experimental validation through the temperature control process. Compared to conventional VRFT controllers, experimental and simulation results show that the proposed controllers have less tracking error, minimize control effort, and improve robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this article is to summarize research targeting hypertension and healthcare access among adults living in rural Haiti. Background: Hypertension is a significant public health problem that impacts one in five persons globally. It is the leading cause of cardiovascular‐related conditions such as stroke and myocardial infarction and accounts for most global non‐communicable disease‐related deaths. Limited healthcare access and social determinants of health are known contributors to poor health outcomes among persons with hypertension. Among Haitians, there are stark health disparities between those who live in urban versus rural areas. Design: A discursive review. Results: Several issues are identified as barriers to proper hypertension prevention and management. However, after examining the effective interventions, we found that social determinants of health such as transportation costs, lack of field care facilities close to patients, roadway conditions, political disturbance, and ineffective leadership and policies are major barriers to controlling hypertension in Haiti. Although Haiti has received help from international organizations, strengthening its internal infrastructure is paramount in improving healthcare access. Discussion: The review concludes that Haitians living in rural parts of Haiti are less likely to receive healthcare to manage non‐communicable diseases such as hypertension. Similar to other developing countries, a heightened awareness is needed to address the lack of healthcare access for those living in rural communities. Impact to Nursing Practice: Nurses and other healthcare professionals working with populations in Haiti should become aware of the barriers and facilitators that promote sufficient healthcare access. To achieve this goal, nurses must understand the social determinants and other factors that serve as barriers for achieving access to quality care for this vulnerable population. No Patient or Public Contribution: There was no patient or public involvement in the design or drafting of this discursive paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intrusion of the warm and saline Atlantic Water (AW) has significant implications and feedback on the dynamics and thermodynamics of the Arctic Ocean. The AW enters the Arctic Ocean through two gateways: Fram Strait (FS) and the Barents Sea Opening (BSO). The AW is the dominant source of oceanic heat to the Arctic Ocean. In conjunction with the measurements in key hydrographic sections, numerical ocean modeling provides us with a useful tool to characterize and corroborate the temporal and spatial variability of the AW branches. Simulations are conducted using the regional configuration Arctic and North Hemispheric Atlantic (ANHA) of the ocean/sea‐ice model Nucleus for Modeling of the Ocean running at 1/4° and 1/12° resolution. Online passive tracers from the model configuration are used to trace the pathways of the AW inflow in the Arctic Ocean. While studying the variability of the AW through FS and the BSO, a cold mode of AW (Cold Atlantic Water [CAW]) with a temperature below 0℃ is detected along the rim of the eastern Eurasian Basin. It is formed primarily due to the intense sea surface cooling of the AW in the Barents and Kara Seas. The CAW exhibits the cascading process as it propagates downstream through the St. Anna Trough, leading to a considerable mixing with the ambient water. The CAW pulses eventually result in a significant heat content reduction in the eastern Arctic. This study provides insight into the changing AW property and its potential impact on the Arctic Basin. Plain Language Summary: Atlantic Water (AW) is a warm and salty water mass that distinguishes itself from the cold and fresh Arctic Water within the Arctic Ocean. The AW flows into the Arctic Ocean in two branches, Fram Strait Branch Water and Barents Sea Branch Water (BSBW). We define the AW using temperature and salinity as constraints in an ocean model. We first evaluate the interannual and seasonal variations of the AW properties at these two gateways, then quantify the AW volume and heat transport on the interannual and seasonal timescales. We also compare long‐term transport means with the available observations. We discover two strong Cold Atlantic Water (CAW) events along the rim of the eastern Eurasian Basin in 2013 and 2014. The dominant contributor to the CAW formation is the strong sea surface cooling in the Barents and Kara Seas over the turn of 2013 and 2014. Releasing artificial particles at Fram Strait and the Barents Sea Opening using particle tracking software, we find that the source of the CAW is primarily from the BSBW. The CAW signals progress along the typical AW poleward pathway and reduce the heat that is contained in the AW layer of the eastern Arctic Basin. Key Points: A cold mode of Atlantic Water with a temperature below 0℃ that reduced the heat content of the eastern Arctic is identified and trackedCold Atlantic Water (CAW) originates primarily from the Barents Sea Branch Water, with secondary contributions from the Fram Strait Branch WaterA Barents Sea surface cooling in 2013–2014 proved critical preconditioning for the transformation into CAW [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate epidemic spreading in a deterministic susceptible-infected-susceptible model on uncorrelated heterogeneous networks with higher-order interactions. We provide a recipe for the construction of one-dimensional reduced model (resilience function) of the N -dimensional susceptible-infected-susceptible dynamics in the presence of higher-order interactions. Utilizing this reduction process, we are able to capture the microscopic and macroscopic behavior of infectious networks. We find that the microscopic state of nodes (fraction of stable healthy individual of each node) inversely scales with their degree, and it becomes diminished due to the presence of higher-order interactions. In this case, we analytically obtain that the macroscopic state of the system (fraction of infectious or healthy population) undergoes abrupt transition. Additionally, we quantify the network's resilience, i.e., how the topological changes affect the stable infected population. Finally, we provide an alternative framework of dimension reduction based on the spectral analysis of the network, which can identify the critical onset of the disease in the presence or absence of higher-order interactions. Both reduction methods can be extended for a large class of dynamical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Nonstationary internal tides (ITs) are formed from their interactions with background currents. Harmonic analysis (HA), which cannot be used to estimate the incoherent component, is almost exclusively used method to predict ITs from observations. This remains ITs prediction challenge. In this study, we establish a deep learning framework to predict semidiurnal ITs. The model is established and trained with observed semidiurnal internal tidal currents that are 172 days long, and then ITs over the next 42 days are forecasted. The prediction accuracy is greatly improved using the deep learning framework. The magnitudes of errors using the deep learning framework are approximately 35% of those obtained using HA. Most temporal and spatial variations in baroclinic currents can successfully be forecasted using deep learning. In addition, the kinetic energy and incoherent components of ITs can be accurately predicted. Moreover, the relatively high adoptability of the established deep learning model is shown. Plain Language Summary: Internal tides (ITs) can be evidently influenced by their interactions with background currents and horizontal variations in the density field during propagation. ITs become nonstationary and uncorrelated to the spring neap forcing of surface tides. Harmonic analysis (HA), which is used to predict stationary ITs, cannot be used to forecast nonstationary ITs. Thus, IT forecasting is challenging. Many researchers have categorized ITs as unpredictable motions. The adoption of deep learning techniques that do not rely on any dynamic processes related to IT propagation and generation is one possible approach that can be used to improve the predictability of ITs. In this study, we establish a deep learning framework that can be used to significantly increase the predictability of ITs. Thus, the vertical displacement and temporal variation trends of ITs can be successfully forecasted. Baroclinic currents forecasted using deep learning are much closer to the observed currents than the currents obtained using HA. In addition to internal tidal currents, deep learning can also be used to predict the kinetic energy of ITs and the incoherent components, which have been extremely difficult to estimate in the past. Moreover, an established deep learning model can be used to predict ITs in nearby locations. Key Points: A deep learning approach can be used to overcome internal tide (IT) prediction challengesThe baroclinic current, kinetic energy and incoherent components can be accurately forecasted using deep learning techniquesThe relatively high adoptability of the established deep learning model for the prediction of ITs in nearby locations is demonstrated [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tyoelaman Tutkimus is the property of Tyoelaman tutkimusyhdistys ry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background There is limited evidence to evaluate screening algorithms with rapid antigen testing and exposure assessments as identification strategies for paucisymptomatic or asymptomatic Ebola virus (EBOV) infection and unrecognized EBOV disease (EVD). Methods We used serostatus and self-reported postexposure symptoms from a cohort study to classify contact-participants as having no infection, paucisymptomatic or asymptomatic infection, or unrecognized EVD. Exposure risk was categorized as low, intermediate, or high. We created hypothetical scenarios to evaluate the World Health Organization (WHO) case definition with or without rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) or exposure assessments. Results This analysis included 990 EVD survivors and 1909 contacts, of whom 115 (6%) had paucisymptomatic or asymptomatic EBOV infection, 107 (6%) had unrecognized EVD, and 1687 (88%) were uninfected. High-risk exposures were drivers of unrecognized EVD (adjusted odds ratio, 3.5 [95% confidence interval, 2.4–4.9]). To identify contacts with unrecognized EVD who test negative by the WHO case definition, the sensitivity was 96% with RDT (95% confidence interval, 91%–99%), 87% with high-risk exposure (82%–92%), and 97% with intermediate- to high-risk exposures (93%–99%). The proportion of false-positives was 2% with RDT and 53%–93% with intermediate- and/or high-risk exposures. Conclusion We demonstrated the utility and trade-offs of sequential screening algorithms with RDT or exposure risk assessments as identification strategies for contacts with unrecognized EVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In south Florida, white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are the primary prey of the endangered Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi). Deer populations in some regions of south Florida have declined in recent years, and the role of fawn survival and recruitment in these declines is unknown. Determining known‐fate survival of fawns is challenging, requires invasive and costly methods, and often has a limited geographic scope. We deployed 180 cameras throughout the Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge and the Big Cypress National Preserve to understand how environmental variables influence fawn survival. We identified 271 fawns from 12,715 photographs in 2015 and 2016. We utilized a noninvasive sampling method coupled with a spatial capture–recapture model to estimate the number of fawns born, the spatial distribution of birth locations, and the number of fawns that survived to recruitment (180 days old) during two fawning seasons. We found strong evidence of temporal variation in survival, but little evidence of spatial variation. Within the 10,941‐ha study area, we estimated that 305 (95% CI: 245–385) fawns were born in 2015 and 278 (212–381) fawns were born in 2016. In 2015, 36% (110) of the estimated 305 fawns survived to 180 days. However, in 2016, only 13% (36) of the estimated 278 fawns survived to 180 days. The large difference in recruitment between years was likely driven by record flooding in 2016. Our data suggest that extreme weather events, coupled with high adult mortality, likely contributed to recent deer population decline in south Florida through reduced fawn recruitment. Unlike studies of known‐fate fawn survival that require labor‐intensive and invasive capture of both adults and neonates, our approach relies exclusively on camera data, which makes it possible to conduct studies over broad spatiotemporal scales in challenging environments to illuminate the drivers of variation in juvenile survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sex hormones have been shown to be negatively associated with hypertension, but the relationship between serum progesterone levels and hypertension has not been adequately studied. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between progesterone and hypertension among Chinese rural adults. A total of 6222 participants were recruited, which included 2577 men and 3645 women. The concentration of serum progesterone was detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer system (LC-MS/MS). Logistic regression and linear regression were used to assess the associations between progesterone levels and hypertension and blood pressure related indicators, respectively. Constrained splines were used to fit the dose-response relationships of progesterone with hypertension and blood pressure related indicators. Moreover, the interactive effects of several lifestyle factors and progesterone were identified by a generalized linear model. After fully adjusting the variables, progesterone levels were inversely associated with hypertension in men [odds ratio (OR): 0.851, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.752, 0.964]. Among men, a 2.738 ng/ml increase in progesterone was associated with a 0.557 mmHg decrease in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (95% CI: –1.007, –0.107) and a 0.541 mmHg decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (95% CI: –1.049, –0.034), respectively. Similar results were observed in postmenopausal women. Interactive effect analysis showed that only a significant interaction was observed between progesterone and educational attainment on hypertension in premenopausal women (p=0.024). Elevated levels of serum progesterone were associated with hypertension in men. Except for premenopausal women, a negative association of progesterone with blood pressure related indicators was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peatland open‐water pools can be net carbon (C) emitters within heterogeneous peatland ecosystems that are generally net C sinks. However, the intra‐ and inter‐regional patterns and drivers of CO2 and CH4 production, as well as their link with dissolved organic matter (DOM) quality and quantity, remain poorly understood. We analyzed a range of optical characteristics and chemical variables controlling DOM and CO2 and CH4 concentrations in peatland pools across two regions with contrasting geographical properties (i.e., climate, topography, morphometry, and vegetation cover) of eastern Canada and Chilean Patagonia. We found inter‐regional patterns in CO2, CH4 and DOM concentrations and composition that were coherent with patterns in mean annual temperature and precipitation, and vegetation cover. Cross‐regional patterns of CO2 and CH4 were driven by morphometry, vegetation cover, and protein‐like DOM composition, a proxy of high biological activity, whereas temporal variations of CO2 and CH4 concentrations were further influenced by seasonal changes in humic‐like DOM composition, dissolved organic carbon and nutrients (i.e., total phosphorus and total nitrogen) concentrations, as well as pH and oxygen levels. Our results suggest that geophysical constraints associated with local peat and pool characteristics as well as climate patterns are major drivers of DOM and greenhouse gases concentrations and the links between them in broadly distributed peatland pools. Key Points: Broad‐scale patterns in peatland pools dissolved organic matter (DOM) and CO2 were driven by vegetation cover and pool morphometryBroad‐scale patterns in CH4 were the most responsive among C‐species to long‐term climate averages across regionsProtein‐like DOM controls within‐pool greenhouse gases (GHG) concentrations across regions, while humic‐like DOM drives within‐site temporal GHG concentrations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]