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The purpose of this work is to record the geometry of the medieval building of The Corral del Carbon, of Granada and then proceed to metrological and parameterization analysis of its dimensions. The survey was carried out using a 3D laser scanner complemented with photogrammetric models. The metrological premise is adapted so that any measure is composed with sides and diagonals of anthropometric square, which allows for reconstruction of traces of the building. In this case it is an almost regular grid design with the 182 cm Nazarí-2 metric Module as a repetitive square pattern, and which also adopts dynamic compositions in different representative elements. The curvature of the galleries is surprising, and also detected, were parts that had been added with different metrics. The results encourage the implementation of the anthropometric heritage studies, as a historical research phase, immediately after the recording of its geometry, and prior to eBIM modeling., Se registra la geometría del edificio medieval del Corral del Carbón de Granada para posteriormente proceder al análisis metrológico y parametrización de sus dimensiones. El levantamiento se ha realizado mediante escáner láser 3D complementado con modelos fotogramétricos. Se adopta la premisa metrológica de que toda medida se compone con lados y diagonales de cuadrado antropométrico, lo que permite reconstruir las aparentes trazas del edificio. Se trata de una cuadrícula casi regular con el módulo de métrica Nazarí 2 de 182 cm como patrón cuadrado repetitivo, pero que adopta composiciones dinámicas en distintos elementos. Sorprende la curvatura de las galerías, y se detectan partes añadidas con distinta métrica. Los resultados animan a implantar los estudios antropométricos del patrimonio como fase de investigación histórica inmediatamente posterior al registro de su geometría, y previa a la modelización eBIM.

Purpose To identify predictors of palliation for head and neck cancer treated with the "Hypo Trial" hypofractionated radiation therapy regimen in a clinical setting. Design/method We retrospectively assessed 106 consecutive patients with incurable cancer, treated between January 2008 and December 2018. Regimen used was 30-36Gy in 5-6 biweekly fractions of 6Gy. Results The prescription dose was 30Gy in 57 (53.8%) patients and 36Gy in 49 (46.2%) patients. 89.6% patients completed the prescribed treatment. With a median follow-up of 6.92 months, 79.2% of the patients experienced clinical palliation. Palliation was correlated with the radiation therapy dose (P = 0.05). Median overall and progression-free survival (OS, PFS) were 7 and 4.63 months, respectively. Achieving palliation was associated to OS (P = 0.01). Conclusions This short palliative hypofractionated scheme resulted in a high rate of palliation, with excellent compliance and acceptable toxicity. Our results show that radiation dose is a predictive factor for palliation.

The Americas have an elevated number of leishmaniasis cases (accounting for two-thirds of the worldwide disease burden) and circulating Leishmania species, and are therefore of interest in terms of epidemiological surveillance. Here, we present a systematic review of Leishmania parasite species circulating in the countries of the American continent, together with complementary information on epidemiology and geospatial distribution. A database was built from data published between 1980 and 2018 on Leishmania species identified in most of the American countries. A total of 1499 georeferenced points were extracted from published articles and subsequently located to 14 countries in the Americas. This database could be used as a reference when surveilling the occurrence of Leishmania species in the continent., Measurement(s)DistributionTechnology Type(s)digital curationFactor Type(s)reference • political division • type of sample • species • method of identification • geographic coordinatesSample Characteristic - OrganismLeishmaniaSample Characteristic - LocationNorth America • South America Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11993970

Synthetic molecules that mimic the function of natural enzymes or molecules have untapped potential for use in the next generation of drugs. Cyclic compounds that contain aromatic rings are macrocyclic cyclophanes, and when they coordinate iron ions are of particular interest due to their antioxidant and biomimetic properties. However, little is known about the molecular responses at the cellular level. This study aims to evaluate the changes in immune gene expression in human cells exposed to the cyclophanes Fe2PO and Fe2PC. Confluent human embryonic kidney cells were exposed to either the cyclophane Fe2PO or Fe2PC before extraction of RNA. The expression of a panel of innate and adaptive immune genes was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Evidence was found for an inflammatory response elicited by the cyclophane exposures. After 8 h of exposure, the cells increased the relative expression of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin 1; IRAK, which transduces signals between interleukin 1 receptors and the NFκB pathway; and the LPS pattern recognition receptor CD14. After 24 h of exposure, regulatory genes begin to counter the inflammation, as some genes involved in oxidative stress, apoptosis and non-inflammatory immune responses come into play. Both Fe2PO and Fe2PC induced similar immunogenetic changes in transcription profiles, but equal molar doses of Fe2PC resulted in more robust responses. These data suggest that further work in whole animal models may provide more insights into the extent of systemic physiological changes induced by these cyclophanes.

Background: The presence of epicardial connections (ECs) between pulmonary veins (PVs) and other anatomic structures may hinder PV isolation. In this study, we analyzed their prevalence, location, associated factors, and clinical implications. Methods: Five hundred thirty-four consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing radiofrequency ablation were included. We considered that an EC was present if: (1) the first pass around the PV antrum did not produce PV isolation and (2) subsequent atrial activation during PV pacing showed that the earliest site was located away from the ablation line and later activation sites were observed near the ablation line. Clinical and electrophysiological variables were collected from all patients. Patients were followed during 12.9±9.4 months, and any documented atrial tachyarrhythmia after the 3-month blanking period was classified as a recurrence. Results: Out of the 534 patients included, 72 (13.5%) were found to have 81 ECs. There was a significant association between the presence of ECs and structural heart disease (15.3% in patients without ECs versus 36.5% in patient with ECs; P P =0.002). The presence of a left common trunk was significantly associated with the absence of ECs (29.6% in patients without ECs versus 16.2% in patients with ECs; P =0.014). Patients with ECs had lower acute success in PV isolation compared with patients without ECs (99.1% versus 86.1%; P P =0.04). Conclusions: ECs between PVs and other adjacent structures are frequent in patient with atrial fibrillation (prevalence: 13.5%). Structural heart disease and a patent foramen ovale are strongly associated with the presence of ECs. ECs reduce the acute and chronic success of PV isolation.

Sexual cyberbullying is becoming a serious problem in today's society. In the workplace, this issue is more complex because of the power imbalance between potential perpetrators and victims. Preventing sexual cyberbullying in organizations is very important for a safety and respectful workplace. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) standards establish certain policies to be considered to create an organizational culture based on zero tolerance to sexual cyberbullying. The research aims to broaden knowledge about personality and sexual cyberbullying. Therefore, this paper proposes a crucial tool to explore potential sexual cyberbullying behaviour. This study analysed how personality traits, particularly those related to the Dark Triad (psychopathy, Machiavellianism and narcissism), might influence this behaviour. Participants (N = 374) were Spanish young adults, using the convenience sampling to recruit them. The methodology focused on the use of structural equation modelling and ensemble classification tree. First, we tested the proposed hypotheses with structural equation method based on covariance using the Lavaan R-package. Second, for the ensemble of classification trees, we applied the package randomForest and Adabag (bagging and boosting) in R. Results proposed high levels of psychopathy and Machiavellianism are more likely to be related to sexual cyberbullying behaviours. Organizations could use the tool proposed in this research to develop internal policies and procedures for detection and deterrence of potential cyberbullying behaviours. By raising awareness about cyberbullying behaviour including its conceptualisation and measurement in training courses, organizations might build an organizational culture based on a respectful workplace without sexual cyberbullying behaviours., Cyberbullying; Dark triad; Machiavellianism; Narcissism; Psychopathy; Structural equation modelling; Ensemble classification tree, Artificial intelligence; Machine learning; Business; Human resource management

This study investigated the self-healing process in concrete using limestone coarse aggregate impregnated with sodium silicate solution and encapsulated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). It discussed the self-healing mechanism by sodium silicate solution and evaluated the effect and the efficiency of this healing agent. To do this, limestone coarse aggregate was vacuum impregnated with a sodium silicate solution, encapsulated with PVA, and mixed into the concrete paste. The compressive strength was improved up to 50% in the concrete samples with sodium silicate. It also evaluated the porosity, density, and absorption ranges. It found a reduction of 4% in the range of absorption. Using x-ray diffraction (XRD), the chemical elements of the healing products were determined and the presence of the crystalline phases Etringite, Calcite, Dolomite and Minrecordite. This agreed with the chemical composition of dolomitic limestone’s (CaMg (CO3)2). The self-healing process was observed in the concrete samples cured at 28 days and was attributed to the formation of calcite crystals and silica gel C-S-H. Using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the hydration products like calcite and C-S-H were visualized. Self-healing in the concrete could be observed due to the impregnation of Sodium Silicate in the aggregates.

La optimización de procesos es un área de trabajo que ha progresado en los últimos años, considerando cada superestructura de manera independiente, los resultados reflejan limitaciones en cuanto a costos se refiere, ya que los servicios auxiliares y la red de intercambio de calor vendrían dados como el resultado de la planta en sí, o como función de aquélla, y no en cuanto a la inversión resultante para la mejor alternativa de síntesis del proceso analizado. En este trabajo proponen cotejar distintas metodologías aplicables al diseño óptimo de una instalación de procesamiento de leche fluida, con el mecanismo de esterilización denominado Ultra Alta Temperatura (UHT), utilizando un simulador comercial disponible (SuperPro Designer, V 8.5). Los resultados arrojan que el peso relativo de las inversiones en relación con los costos de operación es esencial para establecer una metodología de optimización; o para desechar un método complicado frente a una solución tomada con más sentido común ingenieril, que herramientas de optimización, en sus diferentes versiones. En cuanto a los resultados obtenidos se concluye que la optimización económica rigurosa tiene que ser tenida en cuenta conjuntamente con la mejor eficiencia de redes de intercambio calórico (“pinch”) y no cada una por separado.

This study focuses on the influence of the quality of services received by thalassotherapy customers on their global satisfaction and the relationship between this and the word of mouth. This study uses a hybrid SEM—classification tree analysis. The empirical findings reveal a significant relationship between the quality of each offered service and global satisfaction. This study contributes to identify tourist’s satisfaction or delight on received thalasso services through a proposed methodology. The main contribution of this work consists of the proposal of a methodology to identify objectively through the opinion of tourists if they were satisfied or had reached delight. This work demonstrates, confirming what has been found in previous literature, that global satisfaction is related to the different experiences provided by the service. Thus, all hypotheses are accepted, supporting the hypotheses that relate the pool, the staff, the treatments, and the environment to satisfaction. In addition, the hypotheses that link satisfaction with the word of mouth are also supported. This theoretical implication has important practical implications for managers of the type of facilities such as those studied in this paper, since it shows that it is not enough to do well in one of the services provided if the environment or the interaction with the staff is not right.

Because personal decisions affect the availability of organs for transplants, awareness about organ donations among the general population is fundamental.To analyze attitudes toward organ donation among the citizens of Havana, Cuba.The sample population was the residents of the city of Havana, Cuba. The inclusion criterion was being older than 15 years; the sample was obtained randomly and stratified by age and sex. Attitude was assessed using a validated questionnaire on psychosocial aspects of organ donation and transplant (PCID-DTO-Ríos). A random selection of people to be surveyed was carried out.A sample of 920 respondents was included in the study. Attitude toward cadaveric donation was favorable in 68% of respondents, while 14% were against and 18% were undecided. Several variables were associated with having a more favorable attitude. In the multivariate analysis, the following variables continue to feature as independent variables (P .05): 1. level of studies; 2. knowledge of the concept of brain death; 3. attitude toward organ donation of a relative; 4. having discussed the issue of organ donation and transplantation with one's family; 5. the attitude of the couple toward organ donation and transplantation; 6. the religion of the respondent; 7. knowing the opinion of one's religion toward organ transplantation; 8. fear of manipulation of the body after death; and 9. acceptance of burial as a treatment of the body after the death.The attitude toward cadaveric organ donation among the residents of Havana is favorable and similar to that of the citizens of Spain. Improving the organ procurement system will increase donation rates given the population's awareness of the issue.

The number of people of Nigerian origin in Europe is growing. However, there are no studies that have analyzed their awareness of organ donation and transplantation.To analyze the attitude toward organ donation among Nigerian-born population living in Spain.The sample population was a selection of people born in Nigeria who are now living in Spain. A sample of this cohort older than 15 years was obtained randomly and stratified by age and sex. Attitude was assessed using a validated questionnaire on the psychosocial attitudes toward organ donation (PCID-DTO-Ríos). A random selection of people from this cohort was surveyed.A sample of 183 respondents was included in the study. Of their attitudes toward cadaveric donation, 33% were in favor of it, 34% were against it, and 33% were undecided. The variables associated with having a more favorable attitude (P .001) were: 1. Knowledge related to donation and transplantation; 2. attitude toward the body; 3. religion; and 4. social interaction. In the multivariate analysis, the main independent factor associated with the attitude toward organ donation was the knowledge of the concept of encephalic death. Respondents who are familiar with the concept of brain death are 10 times more likely to be in favor of donation than those who are not.The attitude toward organ donation among the Nigerian-born population living in Spain is not very favorable and is associated with psychosocial factors. A campaign to raise awareness among Nigerian residents in Spain has become a priority.

Xenotransplantation carries many social and cultural implications. The immigrant population in countries with xenotransplantation programs, such as Spain and the United States, will play an important role in accepting such therapy. The objective of the study is to analyze the attitude toward xenotransplantation among the Dominican population residing in the United States and Spain.The study population was born in the Dominican Republic and resides in the southeastern United States and Spain. A sample population older than 15 years was obtained randomly and stratified by age and sex. Attitude was assessed using a validated questionnaire on psychosocial aspects toward xenotransplantation (PCID-XENOTx-Ríos). A random selection of people to be surveyed was carried out. Assistance from immigration support associations was needed to advise on the location of potential respondents.A total of 123 respondents were included in the study: A sample was taken of residents of the population from the Dominican Republic residing in Florida, United States (n = 66), and in Spain (n = 57). If it was assumed that xenotransplanted organs functioned as well as human ones, 30% would be in favor. If the results were worse, only 7% would be in favor. This favorable attitude was related to the following variables (P .05): level of education, an attitude in favor of deceased and living organ donation, and having spoken about donation and transplantation within the family.The attitude toward xenotransplantation among the population from the Dominican Republic who are residing in the southeastern United States and Spain is unfavorable.

Awareness about organ donation among the general population is fundamental to organ donation programs. It is important to determine the factors that influence attitudes toward organ donation within the general population in order to carry out cost-effective campaigns.To analyze the attitude toward organ donation among Santiago, Cuba, citizens.The study population encompassed residents in Santiago, Cuba. A sample population of residents older than 15 years was obtained randomly and stratified by age and sex. Attitude was assessed using a validated questionnaire on psychosocial aspects toward organ donation and transplant (PCID-DTO Ríos). Available census data were used. The survey was self-administered and completed anonymously.Of the 455 respondents, 70% of respondents are in favour of cadaveric donation, 16% are against, and 14% were undecided. Several variables were associated with having a more favorable attitude. And in the multivariate analysis, the following variables continue to feature as independent variables: 1. knowledge of the concept of brain death [OR = 2.386 (4.761-1.194); P = .014]; 2. being in favor of donating a family member's organs [OR = 3.067 (5.952-1.584); P = .001]; 3. a partner's favorable attitude [OR = 5.795 (1.477-22.731); P = .012]; 4. being an atheist/agnostic as the religious beliefs [OR = 1.845 (3.289-1.038); P = .037]; 5. not being concerned about the possible mutilation of the body after donation [OR = 7.437 (2.918-18.955); P .001]; 6. not accepting other treatment options after death, such as inhumation [OR = 3.048 (5.714-1.626); P = .001].The attitude toward cadaveric organ donation among the Santiago, Cuba population is favorable and it is associated with several psychosocial factors.

In the present work, Y4Zr3O12 bulk ceramics doped with Yb3+ and Pr3+ were characterized to assess their structural, mechanical, thermal and optical properties. Specimens were synthesized by the polymerizable complex method and sintered as pellets at 1550 °C for 2 h. Samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Vickers-indentation method, thermodilatometry, laser flash method, diffuse reflectance and luminescence spectroscopies. All compositions exhibit cubic like-fluorite structure, low thermal conductivity, moderate fracture toughness and thermal expansion coefficient values comparable to those of other yttria-stabilized zirconias. Regarding the optical properties, diffuse reflectance spectra support the oxidation of praseodymium from Pr3+ to Pr4+ in the Pr-doped specimens. When irradiated under an IR laser (975 nm), only the pellet containing Yb3+ showed white light emission at low and room pressures, but not the undoped, and those pellets doped or codoped with Pr. These results demonstrate that it is possible to produce white light not only in nanostructured systems but also in bulk ceramic oxides, and that the introduction of additional electronic states within the band gap of the host associated with the Pr, inhibits the generation of the white light.

A functionalised coating for mild steel corrosion protection was prepared in this study. A composite material SBA-15 (silicon oxide) was used as a mild steel corrosion inhibitor. The porous...

La densidad de población afecta algunos caracteres agronómicos en las variedades, como la calidad física y fisiológica de la semilla. Con el objetivo de evaluar este efecto, se sembraron dos genotipos hembra de dos híbridos comerciales de maíz (Zea mays L.); las densidades evaluadas fueron 52 630, 65 789, 78 789, 92 013 y 105 263 plantas ha-1 en el campo experimental del Instituto Tecnológico de Roque, Guanajuato. Se eligió un experimento factorial con diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluó altura de planta, de mazorca, días a floración femenina, hojas fotosintéticamente activas, amacollamiento, ataque de Fusarium spp., acame de tallo, plantas “horras” y rendimiento de grano; la calidad de la semilla fue evaluada mediante peso volumétrico, análisis de pureza, peso de 1 000 semillas y clases de semilla. La calidad fisiológica, a través de la germinación estándar y el vigor. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la densidad de población tuvo efectos estadísticamente significativos en las siguientes variables agronómicas: altura de planta y de mazorca, número de hojas fotosintéticamente activas, amacollamiento, porcentaje de plantas “horras” y rendimiento de grano; así, al menos una densidad es superior o permite observar diferencias entre ellas; en ninguna variable de este grupo se presentó efectos de interacción entre genotipos y densidades, indicando independencia entre estos factores.

In this paper, the control of a solar array is proposed. The bond graph methodology is applied in order to get the structure control law for a solar array connected to the electrical network. For this, the different models of the complete system are presented. The solar array is built up by considering the individual solar panels. The inverter bond graph model is used for the development of the proposed control law. This model is inverted graphically to get the control structure. Also, the Park transformation concept is adapted to handle the control structure. This allows us to get a different control structure. Two different controls are considered in the proposed control structure, with their robustness tested for different power factors. The control law is tested using a real-time simulator. For this test, the rapid control prototyping concept is used. The obtained results demonstrate the viability of the proposed control law.

Spent coffee grounds are waste material generated during coffee beverage preparation. This by-product disposal causes a negative environmental impact, in addition to the loss of a rich source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. A rotating central composition design was used to determine the optimal conditions for the bioactivity of phenolic compounds obtained after the solid state fermentation of spent coffee grounds by Bacillus clausii. To achieve this, temperature and fermentation time were varied according to the experimental design and the total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity were determined. Surface response methodology showed that optimum bioprocessing conditions were a temperature of 37 °C and a fermentation time of 39 h. Under these conditions, total phenolic and flavonoid contents increased by 36 and 13%, respectively, in fermented extracts as compared to non-fermented. In addition, the antioxidant activity was increased by 15% and higher antimicrobial activity was observed against Gram positive and negative bacteria. These data demonstrated that bioprocessing optimization of spent coffee grounds using the surface response methodology was an important tool to improve phenolic extraction, which could be used as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agents incorporated into different types of food products. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s13197-017-2998-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Introduction Head and neck cancer recurrence is a therapeutic challenge due to the anatomical and functional constraints of the head and neck area. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a high-precision technique of radiotherapy that consists of delivering a high ablative biological dose in 1–5 high-dose fractions, requiring a very high precision of the radiotherapy process with potential application in this clinical setting Methods Different studies that investigate the role of SBRT in the treatment of recurrent head and neck cancer have been reviewed. Indications to properly select patients for this treatment are presented. Results Retrospective studies and phase I–II trials with selected patients have shown low to moderate toxicity, with an efficacy at least similar to that of treatment with combinations of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In selected patients, SBRT is a treatment option for recurrent head and neck cancer with low toxicity. Discussion New prospective studies should clarify data regarding the efficacy and toxicity of SBRT in head and neck cancer recurrence.

This paper reports on an investigation into the thermally stimulated luminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) characteristics of novel luminescent phosphor. A new Pr3+-doped, lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3)-based luminescent phosphor is developed. Samples of LaAlO3:Pr3+ were irradiated to beta doses, in air, from 0.1Gy up to 50Gy and then were analyzed using both TL and continuous wavelength OSL (CW-OSL) techniques to determine their luminescent characteristics. This phosphor shows a TL glow curve, after its irradiation to beta radiation, with two TL peaks: one located around 160°C and a second at 300°C. CW-OSL response presented a fast decay into the first 20s of blue light stimulation. TL and CW-OSL response as a function of beta radiation dose were linear in the studied dose range. The high sensitivity of the CW-OSL and TL response will make this phosphor suitable for beta radiation detection. Finally, the kinetic parameters of activation energy, frequency factor and kinetic order were analyzed in the TL response using computerized glow curve deconvolution based on general order kinetic model.

A series of highly-active catalysts were obtained from the same precursor and calcined at different temperatures to generate single-phase anatase and anatase-rutile composite powders. Performance of the catalysts was compared with the P25 reference and assessed through the measurement of the optical properties of the materials and calculation of the efficiency of the photodegradation of a multifunctional dye, acid blue 9. X-ray diffraction, porosimetry, UV–vis and photoluminescence spectroscopies were used to analyze the physico-chemical properties of the catalysts and to test their stability under reaction conditions. Through the calculation of the reaction rate and total organic carbon (TOC) observables as well as the apparent and true quantum efficiency parameters we analyzed quantitatively the performance of the materials. We observe that a high surface area anatase sample showed optimum activity and adequate selectivity towards full mineralization. The catalysts were subjected to sedimentation and recycling experiments and the catalytic performance compared on the basis of the true quantum efficiency. The use of this last parameter leads to different conclusions than those supported by an analysis based in the kinetic constant, reaction rate or apparent quantum efficiency. The high quantum efficiency and easy recovery after repeated experiments shown by the catalysts were interpreted on the basis of the characterization results.

Es objetivo de este trabajo realizar una propuesta metodológica para la elaboración de una guía de patrimonio natural y cultural, a partir de la cual los turistas-senderistas puedan confeccionar sus propios itinerarios. Se trata de proporcionar las herramientas y la metodología por medio del inventario del patrimo‑ nio y cartografiado de la ruta, obteniéndose como resultado una guía de interpretación del patrimonio cultur‑ al y natural del sendero. Asimismo, también es objeto de esta comunicación contribuir a incrementar el cono‑ cimiento del valioso y variado patrimonio de Santa Lucía de Tirajana a través de su interpretación, para ello es necesario que los potenciales senderistas-turistas que utilicen las rutas sepan utilizar las herramientas técnicas y los métodos que le permitan una adecuada interpretación de los paisajes y espacios observados. The aim of this work is to develop a methodological guide to help potentials walkers to prepare their own trails. It is about providing fitting tools to the users of nature trails, in order to enable them to know properly the natural and cultural patrimony of the island. In fact, there are natural and anthropic areas, which can only be known by walking off the beaten track, (as they are far away from paved roads). Furthermore, another major goal of this paper is to increase awareness of the rich and valuable patrimony of Santa Lucía de Tirajana (Gran Canaria). It is, therefore, necessary that potential walkers making use of the recommended routes in this article should know how to use the technical tools with the aim of having an adequate interpretation of the observed landscapes.

RESUMEN Este articulo analiza la hipotesis de que los cambios introducidos en la normativa del futbol sala modifican su logica interna disminuyendo los goles totales y modificando su forma de ejecucion. El objetivo de estudio es analizar los goles y manera de realizarlos en una temporada anterior y posterior al cambio de reglamentacion para establecer cuantitativamente como el cambio de reglas del 2.006 afecta al juego. Se analizaron 3.126 goles en 442 partidos, 1.771 goles en 232 partidos en la temporada 2.002-2.003 y 1.355 goles en 210 partidos en la temporada 2.013-2.014. El metodo utilizado fue la metodologia observacional, se utilizo el programa Lince vl.2.1. Los resultados muestran una reduccion estadisticamente significativa en el numero de goles de una temporada a otra. En la temporada 2.002-2.003 se lograron 1.927 goles con un promedio por equipo de 120,38 ± 28,58, y en la temporada 2.013-2.014 1.355 goles con un promedio de 90,40 ± 27,72. PALABRAS CLAVE : futbol sala, analisis observacional, goles, cambio de normativa. ABSTRACT This article analyses the hypothesis that the changes introduced in the regulation of futsal modify the inner logic of the game, what turns into a reduction of total goals and a significant variation in the form of execution. Therefore, it is set out as aim of study to analyze the goals and the way to achieve them in a previous season and in one subsequent to the change of regulation in order to establish quantitatively how the 2006 rules change has affected the game. Totally, 3126 goals were analyzed, scored in 442 matches, distributed in 1771 goals in 232 matches in season 2002-2003 and 1355 goals in 210 matches in season 2103-2014. The method used in this study was observational methodology. For the observational process, it has been used the observational software Lince vl.2.1. It has been carried out using the IBM SPSS 19.0.0 program. The results show a statistically significant reduction in the number of goals from one season to another. In season 2002-2003, 1927 goals were achieved with an average by team of 120.38±28.58, by 1355 goals in season 2013-2014 of 90.40±27.72. KEYWORDS : futsal, observational analysis, goals, changing regulation

In this work, we present a unique crystal growth synthesis of χ-Al2O3 accompanied with α-Cr:Al2O3 at room temperature. Raman spectroscopy and additions of Cr2O3 are key to identifying α-Cr:Al2O3 in trace amounts by the room temperature synthesis of ruby (α-Cr:Al2O3). The presence of this phase is further confirmed with HRTEM. The raw materials are pseudoboehmite and Cr2O3 that are treated mechano-chemically for the successful synthesis of ruby and χ-Al2O3. A thermal analysis approach is provided to explain the significant temperature reduction for the complete transformation to α-Cr:Al2O3 during annealing. The α-Cr:Al2O3 synthesized at room temperature acts as the seed or hetero site for nucleation and is responsible for a temperature drop of approximately 200 °C (up to 867 °C). This material is ideal for optics, photonics, defense, energy storage and harvesting, among other strategic applications.

The Latin American population has a double way of immigration, one toward the United States by proximity and another toward Spain by sociocultural affinity. This population increase is affecting organ donation and transplantation in receiving countries. Objective To analyze the brain death (BD) concept knowledge in the Dominican Republic immigrant population in Florida (United States) and Spain. Method Population under study: Population born in the Dominican Republic, resident in Florida (United States) and in Spain. Inclusion criteria: Population older than 15 years stratified by age and sex. Assessment instrument: Donation attitude questionnaire PCID-DTO-Rios. Fieldwork: Random selection based on stratification. Immigration support association collaboration in Florida and Spain was needed to locate potential respondents. Completion was anonymous and self-administered, with verbal consent. Results A total of 123 respondents, 57 residents in Spain and 66 in Florida, have been included in the study. The 27% (n = 33) of the respondents knowledgeable of the BD concept consider it the death of an individual. Of the remainder, 52% (n = 64) do not know about it, and the remaining 21% (n = 26) believe it does not mean the death of a patient. No differences were observed regarding migration countries (P > .05). There was no association of the BD concept with other psychosocial factors analyzed or with the attitude toward organ donation. Conclusions Knowledge of the BD concept among the Dominican immigrant population is similar in Spain and Florida, and, unlike most studies, there is no objective association with the attitude toward organ donation.

Introduction Religious factors have conditioned the attitude toward organ donation and transplantation (ODT) since the beginning of transplantation, despite the fact that most religions are in favor of transplantation. Objective To assess the impact of religious beliefs of medical students on their attitude toward ODT. Method Population under study: Medical students in Spanish universities. Study sample: Stratified by geographical area and academic course. Assessment instrument: Attitude ODT questionnaire PCID-DTO-Ríos, anonymous and self-administered. Results Of all students, 42% (n = 3907) declare themselves atheists or agnostics. The remaining 58% (n = 5368) declare themselves to be religious, the majority being Catholic (55%, n = 5102). Of the rest, 0.2% are Muslims (n = 8), 0.1% Protestants (n = 1), and the remaining 2.7% (n = 257) indicate other religious doctrines but do not want to specify it. Regarding their attitude toward ODT, those who consider themselves atheists or agnostics have a more favorable attitude than those who consider themselves religious (84% versus 76%; P < .001). Among those who follow some kind of religion, Catholics are more in favor of ODT than non-Catholics (77% vs 64%, P < .001). Note that among the religious, only 57% (n = 3050) know which religion is in favor of transplantation, while 22% (n = 1,152) consider that it has not been pronounced on the matter, 13% (n = 723) think the religion is against donation, and the remaining 8% (n = 443) do not know. Conclusion The religion professed by medical students conditions their attitude toward donation, with the atheists and agnostics being more in favor of donation. Sin financiación 0.784 JCR (2019) Q4, 155/158 Immunology, 191/210 Surgery, 24/24 Transplantation 0.363 SJR (2019) Q3, 254/451 Surgery, 27/41 Transplantation No data IDR 2019 UEM

Thermally and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) are known stimulated phenomena in condensed matter that can be used for luminescent material characterization. Both thermally and optically processes have become a successful practical tool in radiation dosimetry. Special attention is dedicated to bioceramic as a material of choice for many dosimetric applications. This paper reports experimental results of dysprosium trivalent ion doped lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3:Dy3+) using thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques. Samples of LaAlO3:Dy3+ were irradiated to beta doses, in air, from 1.6 Gy up to 26 Gy and then were analyzed using both TL and OSL techniques to determine their luminescent properties. Nanostructured powders were confirmed by the X-ray diffraction technique. Luminescent phosphors show a thermoluminescent glow curve obtained being exposed beta radiation of two peaks: one located at around 160 °C and the second one at 215 °C. Meanwhile, OSL decay is exponential form. TL and OSL response as a function beta radiation dose was linear in the studied dose interval (from 1.6 Gy up to 26 Gy). The very good sensitivity and moderate fading will make this phosphor suitable for beta radiation detection, using both TL and OSL techniques.

The present study shows a solar air heating system, made up of a thermal accumulator of limestone and gravel, as well as aggregates of soot from forest biomass as a photothermal material for solar absorption. This research is divided into three stages: (a) the construction of the solar air heating system with soot-gravel-limestone composite materials (b) the optothermal characterization of the system: using UV–VIS-NIR spectrophotometry to estimate solar absorptivity, scanning electron microscopy to analyze the morphology of materials, thermographic analysis, and experimental evaluation with solar irradiance to determine the thermal efficiency and to carry out an exergy analysis (c) the development of a mathematical model to infer the behavior of the system, allowing the theoretical variation of the materials and properties involved to optimize the construction and characterization process. The results show that soot, as a photothermic material, increases the solar absorption capacity of thermal accumulators of gravel and limestone above 90%, and contributes to reaching maximum accumulated temperatures above 60℃. In this system, the cooling curve is slow and the temperature gradient at the end of the solar day exceeds the ambient temperature by more than 15 °C. The mathematical model is functional and had an approximate error of 4% with respect to the experimental analysis. This proposal with low environmental impact and low cost materials has favorable photothermic properties for its implementation in more complex solar thermal technologies.

The demand for fresh and healthy food has been increasing, and different options for growing sprouts have been presented to solve this, such as traditional techniques and cultivation under controlled conditions. However, sprout farming has not explored all the tools available to produce these foods under controlled conditions. This study presents an alternative to produce sesame seed sprouts in a micro-greenhouse applying intelligent control algorithms for vapor pressure deficit. There was an improvement of 56% in the germination percentage, 2.59 in the germination index, 9.7% in the production of proteins, 1.1% in ash and an increase of 77.03 mm in the sprouts’ length collected in the micro-greenhouse in comparison with the traditional technique. This was achieved by maintaining a mean error for soil moisture at 87% and 0.93 kPa for vapor pressure deficit by applying proportional–integral–derivative, fuzzy logic and neural network control algorithms in the micro-greenhouse. The study shows that the nutritional content, the measured germination parameters and the size are improved in sesame sprout production by applying intelligent control algorithms for vapor pressure deficit in a micro-greenhouse.

The enhanced temporal capability of today's satellite sensors gives us large volumes of data to be processed, analysed, and visualized. Most of the conventional remote sensing software and land cover classification approaches, however, are only designed for single-date observations. To fully utilize the amount of data we receive and to improve land use/land cover mapping (LULC), technological advancements in machine learning, open-source processing, and GPU-accelerated hardware should be utilized. In this paper, a methodology for classification of temporal sequence of Sentinel-2 images was developed using open-source Python libraries. Light Gradient Boosting Machine, a machine learning algorithm that uses tree-based learning, was used to classify different land cover types based on a temporal sequence of Sentinel-2 satellite images. Although the use of powerful machine learning algorithm resulted to more accurate land cover maps, temporal inconsistencies are still pervasive when dealing with time series outputs. To remove these temporal inconsistencies that resulted from misclassifications, temporal land cover filter based on transition probability matrix was applied on the time series land cover maps to modify the illogical land cover transitions. Accuracy assessment revealed good performance of the approach, which produced higher overall accuracy.

México, centro de origen y domesticación del maíz (Zea mays L.), cuenta con la mayor diversidad de esta especie en el mundo, con aproximadamente 59 razas. Los maíces azules, ricos en antocianinas, pueden ser considerados como nutracéuticos debido al efecto preventivo de estos pigmentos contra el estrés oxidativo, enfermedades crónico-degenerativas y cáncer. De la misma manera, México es reconocido como centro de origen y diversidad de alrededor de 70 especies del género Phaseolus, de las cuales destaca por su importancia económica, social, alimenticia y cultural el frijol común (P. vulgaris L.). El frijol es una fuente buena de proteínas, es rico en fibra soluble y ácidos grasos poliinsaturados; además, contiene compuestos fenólicos con actividad antioxidante. El objetivo de esta investigación fue desarrollar una bebida funcional, con valor nutricional y potencial antihipertensivo y antidiabético alto, a partir de una mezcla 60:40 de harinas de granos integrales de maíz azul y frijol negro bioprocesadas en condiciones óptimas de fermentación en estado sólido (FES). Para la producción de harinas de maíz azul y frijol negro bioprocesados optimizadas (HMABO, HFNBO) se aplicaron temperaturas/tiempos de fermentación de 37 ºC/90 h y de 38 ºC/100 h, respectivamente; estas condiciones se optimizaron en estudios previos maximizando actividad antioxidante (AAox) y compuestos fenólicos totales (CFT). El bioproceso de la FES incrementó AAox (36.8 a 75.6 %), CFT (85 a 127 %) y potencial antihipertensivo y antidiabético de maíz azul y frijol negro. Una porción de 200 mL de bebida funcional, preparada con 25 g mezcla (60 % HMABO + 40 % HFNBO), cubre 34.2 % y 23.4 % de requerimientos diarios de proteína para niños de 1 a 3 y de 4 a 8 años, respectivamente, y de 90 a 150 % del consumo diario recomendado de antioxidantes. Por su valor nutricional y potencial antihipertensivo y antidiabético, esta bebida funcional puede ser empleada para promover la salud y como alternativa a bebidas de contenido calórico alto y valor nutricional bajo.

This work presents an alternative method to prepare rare-earth doped lanthanum aluminates materials for thermoluminescent (TL) dosimetry applications. Modified Pechini´s method was using to prepare praseodymium doped LaAlO 3 powders. LaAlO 3 :Pr 3+ powders were prepared using La(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O, Al(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O, Pr(NO 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O, citric acid, and ethylene glycol. The solution was heated to 80 °C for its polyesterification reaction. The obtained powders were submitted at different thermal treatment from 700 up to 1600 °C. The structural and morphological characterizations were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy techniques. TL glow curves of the X-ray irradiated samples showed one peak for europium and praseodymium dopants, meanwhile for powders doped with dysprosium ion showed two peaks. The technique is low cost, faster and it produces homogeneous particles can be used as thermoluminescent phosphors.

9 pags., 7 figs., 1 app., It is common practice while studying complex liquids to analyze their relaxations in time as well as in frequency. Unfortunately, there are not often at hand short and compact expressions corresponding simultaneously to the mathematical formulation of a same phenomenon in both spaces. Therefore, this work is focused towards the approximation of Fourier Transform of certain Weibull distributions (the time derivative of the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts function) by Havriliak-Negami functions. In particular, it was found that a small interval of low frequencies are needed to recover the main traits of the relaxation for the stretched (β ≤ 1) and squeezed (β > 1) instances. However, it's easily recognizable that the weight of the low frequency part competes with the weight of the high frequency part, and the former distorts the power law behavior, diverging from −β. In consequence, the tail's sturdiness influences the asymptotic trend of HN, suggesting a careful design of the approximant, the method of optimization, the absent of data errors, and of course the frequency domain. In this sense, we were able to explain how the asymptotic laws naturally emerge as a function ω, and validate the suitability-flexibility-instability of our local approximants., The authors thank to Centro de Calculo del IFF, SGAI (CSIC) and CESGA for allocation of computer time. This work has been supported by MINECO grant No. FIS2014-51933-P, and by COST Actions CM1204(X-LIC) and CM1405(MOLIM). DJAA acknowledges the FPIMEC predoctoral fellowship BES-2012-054209.

Analytical sociology is a set of rules for the construction of causal explanations in the social sciences. In this article, I critically assess the value and evolution of this ‘syntax’ for explanation and the concept of social mechanisms on which it relies. I also offer a proposal on how to reform and expand the ideal-typical analytical research path. In short, my proposal is characterized by (a) a generative conception of explanation; (b) a conception of social mechanisms as causal chains of micro-level (that is, individual) events; (c) a denial of downward and upward causation; and (d) a focus on testing the generative sufficiency and describing the generative processes of empirically calibrated agent-based models.

Building mechanisms-based, black box–free explanations is the main goal of analytical sociology. In this article, I offer some reasons to question whether some of the conceptual and methodological developments of the analytical community really serve this goal. Specifically, I argue that grounding our computer modeling practices in the current definition of mechanisms posits a serious risk of defining an ideal-typical research path that neglects the role that the understanding of the generative process must have for a black box–free explanation to be met. I propose some conceptual and methodological alternatives, and I identify some collective challenges that the analytical community should tackle in order not to deviate from its main goal.