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Among Sebastiano's formative artistic experiences in the Venice of his youth would have been the workshop of Cima da Conegliano, in which the production of replicas seems to have been common and, m...

For any algebraic scheme $X$ and every $(n,\mathscr{L})\in \mathbb{Z}\times \text{Pic}(X)$ we define an associated involution of its Chow group $A_*X$, and show that certain characteristic classes of (possibly singular) hypersurfaces in a smooth variety are interchanged via these involutions. For $X=\mathbb{P}^N$ we show that such involutions are induced by involutive correspondences.

The relationship between two dynamical systems, one of which is obtained from the other by forming the quotient by an action of an involution commuting with the dynamics, is studied. The constraints and the possible extent of freedom in the relationship between the growth of closed orbits in pairs of systems related in this way is explored.

We prove that if $\mathcal{E}\trianglelefteq\mathcal{F}$ are saturated fusion systems over $p$-groups $T\trianglelefteq S$, such that $C_S(\mathcal{E})\le T$, and either $Aut_{\mathcal{F}}(T)/Aut_{\mathcal{E}}(T)$ or $Out(\mathcal{E})$ is $p$-solvable, then $\mathcal{F}$ can be "reduced" to $\mathcal{E}$ by alternately taking normal subsystems of $p$-power index or of index prime to $p$. In particular, this is the case whenever $\mathcal{E}$ is simple and "tamely realized" by a known simple group. This answers a question posed by Michael Aschbacher, and is useful when analyzing involution centralizers in simple fusion systems, in connection with his program for reproving parts of the classification of finite simple groups by classifying certain 2-fusion systems., Comment: 13 pages

The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibility of utilizing ideas developed in the study of religious organizations for understanding company. Obviously, both religious organizations and companies are socially constructed by human actions. In this sense, these two should be analyzed on the same arena. Therefore, scholars of company may have something to learn from scholars of religion and vice versa. This paper focuses on the management of “secret,” which is a common problem both in religion and company. As a beginning, I examine the characteristics of secrecy as a capital. Next, I discuss the secrecy in religion and company. Then, I propose three strategies to protect their secrets through the comparison between them as follows: involution strategy, hierarchy strategy, and invention strategy. Finally, we can say that carefully balancing the concealment and disclosure of secrets is important for the successful management of religion and company.

In this article, a Schr\({\ddot{\mathrm{o}}}\)der–Bernstein type theorem is proved for orthomodular lattices. Various comparability axioms available in Baer \(*\)-rings are introduced in orthomodular lattices. Some applications to complete orthomodular lattices are given. The related classical results in Baer \(*\)-rings are generalized to \(*\)-rings.

Let $D > 546$ be the discriminant of an indefinite rational quaternion algebra. We show that there are infinitely many imaginary quadratic fields $l/\mathbb Q$ such that the twist of the Shimura curve $X^D$ by the main Atkin-Lehner involution $w_D$ and $l/\mathbb Q$ violates the Hasse Principle over $\mathbb Q$., 11 pages, submitted

Let Mm be an m-dimensional, closed and smooth manifold, equipped with a smooth involution T : Mm → Mm whose fixed point set has the form Fn ∪ Fj, where Fn and Fj are submanifolds with dimensions n and j, Fj is indecomposable and n > j. Write n – j = 2pq, where q ≥ 1 is odd and p ≥ 0, and set m(n– j) = 2n + p–q +1 if p ≤ q +1 and m(n– j) = 2n +2p–q if p ≥ q. In this paper we show that m ≤ m(n – j) + 2j + 1. Further, we show that this bound is almost best possible, by exhibiting examples (Mm(n–j)+2j, T) where the fixed point set of T has the form Fn ∪ Fj described above, for every 2 ≤ j < n and j not of the form 2t – 1 (for j = 0 and 2, it has been previously shown that m(n – j) + 2 j is the best possible bound). The existence of these bounds is guaranteed by the famous 5/2-theorem of J. Boardman, which establishes that under the above hypotheses .

This article considers the proposition that performance as research is a series of embodied repetitions in time, on both micro (bodies, movements, sounds, improvisations, moments) and macro (events, productions, projects, installations) levels, in search of a series of differences. It investigates the proposition in terms of Bergson's notion of ‘creative evolution’ and Deleuze's engagement with it, and is concerned with questions such as: what nature of differences does performance as research give rise to? Where do the differences lie, in the repetitions or in the spaces in between? And is there a point at which the unleashing of differences is exhausted, a point at which, perhaps, the evolution becomes an involution, either a shrinkage of difference, an inverted return to the same, or, in the Deleuzian sense, a new production no longer dependent on differentiation but on transversal modes of becoming?

In Am Beispiel meines Bruders Uwe Timm blends the pain of traumatic loss at the familial level with history writing in a narrative that suggests that trauma is endemic to all the writings and family stories that he employs. In order to elucidate Timm's distinctive approach to history the essay combines Cathy Caruth's disputed trauma-as-history equation with the notion of involution as a manner of interpreting culture. In an investigation of the past on simultaneous familial and national levels Timm embeds an intimate scene of his father sobbing. This scene serves as a prime instance of trauma-as-history and an illustration of how Timm's narrative involutes history back into the trauma that is endemic to its writing in the first place. Timm's work synthesizes both traumatic and historical elements, creating a narrative formula that precludes the dissociating effects of what Erich Santner calls "narrative fetishism." His work leads instead to a narrative with an embedded elaborating quality that instills active reflection and differentiating perspectives in the reader. Where past events are viewed through the trauma that they cause, history is involuted thus creating a paradigmatic rather than syntagmatic form in its conflation of national, familial and (auto) biographical history.

We consider the Jacobian Kummer surface $X$ of a genus two curve $C$. We prove that the Hutchinson-Weber involution on $X$ degenerates if and only if the Jacobian $J(C)$ is Comessatti. Also we give several conditions equivalent to this, which include the classical theorem of Humbert. The key notion is the Weber hexad. We include explanation of them and discuss the dependence between the conditions of main theorem for various Weber hexads. It results in "the equivalence as dual six". We also give a detailed description of relevant moduli spaces. As an application, we give a conceptual proof of the computation of the patching subgroup for generic Hutchinson-Weber involutions.

This chapter analyses one of the most compelling discourses in Creative Evolution (1907), which is Henri Bergson's thinking through the issues of nothing. In this discourse, any negation, any inclusion of a ‘not’ in a statement announces ‘that some other affirmation, whose content I do not specify, will have to be substituted for the one I find before me’ (Bergson 1944: 315). Such is the ‘zero’ of Gilles Deleuze and psychoanalyst Félix Guattari's critique of Sigmund Freud's analysis of the Wolf Man, and centre stage in Beckett's first two published, eponymous, English novels, Murphy (1938) and Watt — the former in its pursuit of not annihilation but fulfilment, the latter plagued by self-generated apparitions in the house of Mr Knott. It is the nothingness of routine in the latter that gives way or mounts up to the nothing of existence and the waste of being. Beckett's negations, then, produce or result in neither absence nor void.

This article develops and defends a theory of “network failure” analogous to more familiar theories of organizational and market failure already prevalent in the literature on economic governance. It theorizes those failures not as the simple absence of network governance, but rather as a situation in which transactional conditions for network desirability obtain but network governance is impeded either by ignorance or opportunism, or by a combination of the two. It depicts network failures as continuous rather than discrete outcomes, shows that they have more than one cause, and pays particular attention to two undertheorized—if not undiscovered—types of network failure (i.e., involution and contested collaboration). It thereby contributes to the development of sociology's toolkit for theorizing networks that are “neither market nor hierarchy.”

This article analyses the differentia specifica (specific difference) of the Post-Soviet School of Critical Marxism in the areas of the methodology and philosophy of history and of the socio-political process. Among the main characteristics of the school, the authors stress the importance assigned to the ‘new’ dialectic of the ‘sunset’, genesis and transformation of socio-economic systems. Typical of this process are (1) non-linear evolution (or involution), including the dialectical unity of reforms and counter-reforms, revolutions and counter-revolutions; (2) the decline of objective basic determination and growth of the role of subjective factors; (3) the multi-scenario character of transformations, and so on. Also analysed are the contradictions, limits and potential of the social creativity of free association, in contrast to ‘activism’. The authors also provide a detailed account of Marxist studies in post-Soviet Russia, and show the place occupied by their school within this area.

The escalation of violence committed by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) guerrillas against noncombatant civilians triggered a shift in the theoretical orientation of scholars who study Colombia’s political economy. While previous explanations emphasized the sociopolitical “grievances” underlying guerrilla activities, recent explanations emphasize the “greed” motive, including guerrilla involvement in Colombia’s illegal narcotics trade. In this article, the author posits an alternative explanation using Charles Tilly’s theories of state formation to explain FARC activities in Caquetá, Colombia. Drawing from a longitudinal data set that documents the war making, state making, extraction, and protection activities of the FARC between 1975 and 2007, in addition to historical sociological methods, the author finds that increases in FARC repression stem from the growing militarization and paramilitarization of the region, which pressured the FARC to extract resources from the local population in a way that no longer served that population’s legitimate protection interests.

Year 2010 marks a centennial anniversary of the description by Stella Starkel and LesĹaw WÄgrzynowski, Polish students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of LwĂłw, the fetal zone of the human fetal adrenal gland. In 1911 both, Starkel and WÄgrzynowski were graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Lwow University. The paper appeared in the German Arch. Anat. Physiol. and its original title was "Beitrag zur Histologie der Nebeniere bei Feten und Kindern" ("Contribution to histology of adrenals of fetuses and children"). The studies were performed on 100 adrenal glands obtained from fetuses (from 6th month of gestation) and up to 5-year-old children. They described the fetal zone as a "medullary zone", also as "immature cortex", which undergoes involution in first years of life. To commemorate this discovery, this review aimed to present the most important achievements of studies on the development and involution of the human adrenal fetal zone.

The notion of symmetric difference is defined for arbitrary posets having an antitone involution in such a way that for Boolean algebras one obtains the usual notion of symmetric difference. In the case of lattices a very natural description of symmetric differences follows. Sufficient conditions for the existence of such differences are provided. It turns out that for the existence of symmetric differences it is necessary for any two orthogonal elements to have a join. Changing the concept of symmetric difference it is also possible to define symmetric differences in directed posets with an antitone involution in a natural way such that two orthogonal elements need not have a join.

The paper suggests a critical analysis of the notion of "polis genetica". The project of a political community, in the time of full knowledge on biological basis of human being (map of the human genome), depends on the attitude of contemporary man in the modern crisis. To one side, in fact, this crisis shows itself - substantially - just in the involution of the pairing of knowledge and power; to the other side, the expression "polis genetica" concerns really this relationship. In the first part of last century the Dutch historian Johan Huizinga described the most important aspects of modern crisis, pointing out diffusion of legal abortion in western democratic counties as emblematic of the seriousness of the problem. Today all these aspects are become quite evident, not only in themselves, but above all in their dramatic consequences. In one word, in the modern societies, as an affect of a problematic conception (a la Rousseau) of the fundamental notions of "democracy" and "education", we are present at the paradox of an increasing abuse of power of the strong human being against the weak one, justified with a rhetoric based on an exploded and hyperbolic conception of notions of human rights and self-determination. In this sense, some important contemporary scholars have written about the authentic risk of a new totalitarianism.

This article contends that the inherent intellectual tension of the prevailing market ethos, particularly as it relates to the current financial crisis, has situated public administration (and public policy) in the role of merely managing the implications of political involution. Given the relationship of the field to the role of the modern state, this state of affairs directly challenges public administration as to whether it is possible to foster a plurality of spheres that can delimit the pervasive market mentality on public and civic affairs.

The neo-materialist ontology outlined by the philosophers Gilles Deleuze and Manuel DeLanda has several implications for archeology. This text primarily discusses their replacement of the general and the specific with universal and individual singularities which creates emergent properties. This is both a process of evolution and involution where materialities create multi-scalar assemblages. Causeway assemblages from two sites, Ichmul and Yo’okop in the northern Maya lowlands in southern Mexico, are used to operationalize this perspective. Rather than focusing on a human-centered perspective, the text sees the causeways as parts of technologies that can help us to reach an anorganic perspective where we can become-materiality.

Fix a *-orderable field k. We introduce the class of *-orderable semigroups as those semigroups with involution S for which the semigroup algebra kS endowed with the canonical involution admits a *-ordering. It is shown that this class is a quasivariety that is locally and residually closed. A cancellative nilpotent semigroup with involution is proved to be *-orderable if and only if it has unique extraction of roots. In general this equivalence fails, although every *-orderable semigroup has unique extraction of roots.

We consider the amalgamation of bounded involution posets over a strictly directed graph as applied to orthomodular lattices, orthomodular posets or orthoalgebras. In the finite setting, we show that the order dimension of the amalgamation does not exceed that of the amalgamated structures by more than one. We also present conditions under which equality obtains.

This study was motivated by the problem of optimally encoding information on DNA for biocomputational purposes. Our formalization of intermolecular hybridization (binding) with bulges led to the notion, interesting in its own right, of k-involution codes. An involution code refers to any of the generalizations of the classical notion of codes in which the identity function is replaced by an involution function. (An involution function θ is such that θ2 equals the identity. An antimorphic involution is the natural formalization of the notion of DNA complementarity.) We namely define and study the notions of k-θ-prefix, k-θ-suffix and k-θ-bifix codes. We also extend the notion of k-insertion set and k-deletion set of a language to incorporate the notion of an involution function. Thus, to an involution map θ and a language L, we associate a set k-θ-ins(L) (k-θ-del(L)) with the property that its k-insertion (k-deletion) into any word of L yields words which belongs to θ(L). We study the properties o...

Clifford Geertz was best known for his pioneering excursions into symbolic or in terpretive anthropology, especially in relation to Indonesia. Less well recognised are his stimulating explorations of the modern economic history of Indonesia. His thinking on the interplay of economics and culture was most fully and vigorously expounded in Agricultural Involution. That book deployed a succinctly packaged past in order to solve a pressing contemporary puzzle, Java's enduring rural poverty and apparent social immobility. Initially greeted with acclaim, later and ironically the book stimulated the deep and multi-layered research that in fact led to the eventual rejection of Geertz's central contentions. But the veracity or otherwise of Geertz's inventive characterisation of Indonesian economic development now seems irrelevant; what is profoundly important is the extraordinary stimulus he gave to a generation of scholars to explore Indonesia's modern economic history with a depth and intensity previous...

The theorems of Jordan, Frobenius, M. Hall, Brauer-Suzuki-Wall, Shunkov, Mazurov, and Belyaev are generalized.

Taking its cue from Elizabeth Grosz's recent work in Architecture from the Outside, The Nick of Time, and Time Travels, "Ontology and Involution" argues for a clearer acknowledgment of the philosophical histories and paradigms that have guided the articulation of queer theories, at least their most institutionally recognizable forms. It suggests that the paradigms most influential for queer thinking have entailed the kind of deconstructive rejection of ontology that, as Grosz argues, has characterized contemporary critical approaches in social sciences and the humanities. Such paradigmatic commitments, acknowledged or not, have inevitably restricted queer theory's engagement with some of its most frequently cited theorists. Consequently, the essay suggests an "ontological turn" in queer-theoretical readings of Michel Foucault's work, especially his later ethics texts. Foucault's unexpected leap into the archive of ancient texts should here be seen as an intuitive turn to, and an involutive activation of, what Gilles Deleuze, following Henri Bergson, calls the ontological past. As Grosz notes, this past is for Deleuze the realm of the virtual, the resource for radical change and becoming. Ultimately, Grosz's work clears the ground for a queer rethinking of the question of becoming, whose importance Foucault recurrently evokes in his 1980s interviews.

The principal difference in infor mation approach proposed in this wor k is t h e development of al gorithm im plementation of intor mation technology evaluation and correction of optimal mental performance of person under conditions of mental fatigue.

We study the automorphisms of the nonsplit Cartan modular curves $X_{\text{ns}}(p)$ of prime level $p$. We prove that if $p\geqslant 29$ all the automorphisms preserve the cusps. Furthermore, if $p\equiv 1~\text{mod}~12$ and $p\neq 13$, the automorphism group is generated by the modular involution given by the normalizer of a nonsplit Cartan subgroup of $\text{GL}_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{p})$. We also prove that for every $p\geqslant 29$ the existence of an exceptional rational automorphism would give rise to an exceptional rational point on the modular curve $X_{\text{ns}}^{+}(p)$ associated to the normalizer of a nonsplit Cartan subgroup of $\text{GL}_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{p})$.

Unicist Country Archetypes are the structure of fundamentals that define the behavior of a culture.The functionality of the archetype is driven by the structure of the Ontogenetic Intelligence of Nature. Therefore a country archetype has a purpose, an active function and an energy conservation function.If you study the history of a country you will find a structural behavior that hardly changes, producing the evolution or involution of the culture based on two aspects:1) The change of the external environment where the culture has to live.2) The change produced by the members of the culture.When you enter deeply in the history of a country, which is the way to try to discover the nature of a culture defined by its archetypes, you will see that the majority of the changes happens at an operational level and not at a structural level. Considering the Roman Empire you will see that it developed extremely slowly from the original tribes to an Empire and then evolved from an Empire to what it is today.Hundreds of years are necessary for an archetype to evolve if the conditions of evolution are given. Involution is faster than evolution, but it also demands hundreds of years.The values of cultures are implicit in the values of their elites. Therefore the understanding of the archetype of a culture implies researching the evolution of their establishment and the facts that were produced.To explain this more operationally, some structural patterns for cultural behavior will be found by understanding the establishments of the cultures in the past. These patterns are in fact the operational concepts that are implicit in a country.

The deep economic crisis where we are immersed, together with the recuperation perspectives, intensifies the efforts in the socioeconomic field to find new solutions to prevent the current involution process. One of the key factors to achieve this goal is based in rationalization and the outlay containment. But obviously, this purpose is not enough by itself, and will not make the real economy improve (the one which is perceived by all citizens, which becomes permeable in all social layers, and the one which allows a permanent welfare), and will never stay up longer than a short term. It is important to accompany these scarifying measures imposed to the citizenship with adequate politics, depending on the selected objectives. Just like that, we need to prioritize the expenses and inversions, which could generate wide multiplying effects in the economy.

The focus of this article is on the Business Council of Australia (BCA), an association of the CEOs of the 100 or so largest companies operating in Australia. Since its inception the BCA has been an influential supporter of largely successful efforts to neoliberalize and internationalize the Australian economy. Running in parallel with these developments, however, the BCA has moved from being a “somewhat strong” to a relatively weak policy organization. This article argues these two trends are causally related. Neoliberal-inspired economic restructuring and economic internationalization have weakened the “logic of membership” and the “logic of influence” of the BCA, leading to a process of organizational involution. Furthermore, potential offsets to what I describe as the organizational predations of neoliberalism and internationalization—especially via a willingness or capacity to forge supportive or mutualistic relations with the state—have not been realized.

The set M of all concave Marcinkiewicz modulars on [0, 1] is a semigroup with respect to the usual composition of functions. We show that some properties of modulars (which are of importance in interpolation and in general Banach theory) distinguish subsets of M that form ideals of the semigroup. These ideals turn out to be in a natural duality relation, which is also studied. Bibliography: 8 titles.

An amalgamation of bounded involution posets over a strictly directed graph is introduced and states on this amalgamation are studied. We introduce conditions under which the amalgamation induces a structure that is of the same type as that of the amalgamated structures. We also study circumstances under which common properties of the state spaces (such as unital, full, and strongly order determining) of the amalgamated structures are inherited by the amalgamation.

In this article, Piaget's theory of moral development in play behaviour is critically reviewed and framed within the philosophical debate on morality. On this basis, an alternative socio-cognitive model for describing normative evolution in play development is proposed. Special attention is paid to the transition from children's play to adult games, for the purpose of demonstrating that some relevant features of morality stagnate, rather than progress, during such transition. Finally, some speculations are offered on the connection between moral involution in play and ethical behaviour in life, with reference to contemporary Western societies.

Let R be a commutative ring, G a group and RG its group ring. Let φ: RG → RG denote the R-linear extension of an involution φ defined on G. An element x in RG is said to be antisymmetric if φ(x) = -x. A characterization is given of when the antisymmetric elements [Formula: see text] of RG commute except when Char(R) = 3.

Les principaux types et les principales étapes de la géographie du développement sont identifiés. Malgré leur intérêt, ces approches n'ont pas permis de bien comprendre les processus du développement, notamment ceux de la croissance du salariat. Dans des études réalisées au cours des années soixante et soixante-dix, l'auteur avait prédit que la prolétarisation n'allait pas s'accroître rapidement en Asie du Sud-Est. Cela s'avéra faux. La principale raison de cette erreur de prévision réside dans l'étroitesse de la définition de la prolétarisation. Une meilleure définition est nécessaire. À cette fin, un modèle est proposé pour faciliter la compréhension de l'expansion capitaliste au sein des activités non salariées. Il est aussi nécessaire d'étudier les besoins et habitudes de consommation car le désir de satisfaire ces besoins peut favoriser la prolétarisation. La question de la déstabilisation des activités non salariées semble cruciale au sein tant du secteur agricole que du secteur non agricole. La recherche de meilleures approches théoriques de ces processus empiriques est essentielle., Broad types and stages in the geography of development are identified. Notwithstanding their interest, these approaches have not adequately explained the processes of development, such as growth of wage labour. In earlier studies of these processes, during the sixties and seventies, the author had foreseen that proletarianization of labour would not occur rapidly in Southeast Asia. This proved to be wrong. The basic reason for this lack of foresight was due to the narrow definition of proletarian transformation for which a broader definition is still needed. A model is proposed to better understand how capitalist expansion penetrates non-proletarian activities. Felt needs and patterns of consumption must also be examined. Desire to obtain consumer needs can actually act as a factor of proletarianization. The question of the dislocation of non-proletarian activities appears crucial both in the agricultural and non-agricultural settings and a search for better theoretical understanding of these empirical processes is essential.

The Hasse principle for similarity is established for restricted classes of skew-hermitian forms over quaternion division algebras with canonical involution and for hermitian forms over division algebras with involution of the second kind. A counterexample is produced to show that the principle cannot hold for skew-hermitian forms over quaternion division algebras in general. This settles the two final cases of Hasse principles for similarity of forms that were missing in the literature.

The paper presents two case studies ofbusiness entrepreneurs in a rural and densely populated area of Indonesia. Findings are discussed against the background of theories on involution, innovative milieus and industrial clusters. The paper argues for taking an actor's point of view in analysing contexts for entrepreneurship. Proximity and close neighbourhood relations count for a potential easy spread of information and new business ideas, while the fear of knowledge leakage and spillover effects from business innovations is seen as factors that hinder the learning dynamics and thereby put a limit to social welfare gains. Local entrepreneurs are seen avoiding sharing of information due to the fear of imitation by competitors. The conclusion recommends that neighbouring university institutions be utilised for professional business services. There is a need for improved access to market information particularly for the rural small-scale enterprises.

Hemangiomas can present a difficult problem in management. Much controversy exists over whether it is better to watch and wait for natural involution or to be more aggressive and attempt to prevent some of the potential negative sequelae. Different modalities have been employed in the treatment of hemangiomas, including systemic therapy – antiangiogenic drugs, i.e. systemic corticosteroids and α-interferon – and local therapy – surgical procedures, arterial embolization and cryotherapy. Overall, a very conservative approach to therapy has been recommended because of treatment risks, treatment inadequacy and lack of evidence showing superiority over natural involution. Recently laser treatment has been used in the therapeutic approach of hemangiomas. This review discusses the pros and contras of early laser treatment of hemangiomas. For superficial hemangiomas, the flashlamp pumped pulsed dye laser in particular has proven itself in numerous studies. In the treatment of hemangiomas with subcutaneous components, the Nd:YAG laser is the treatment of choice.

Specific features of certain cognitive functions were studied under conditions of age-related involution. A total of 66 women and 45 men in three age groups (30–39, 40–49, and 50–60 years old) were examined. An automated method of testing of a number of cognitive functions was used. It was found that different rates of formation of a more deterministic system of information processing are a specific psychophysiological feature of sexual dimorphism under conditions of age-related involution. This explains the fact that, during aging, cognitive functions in men deteriorate earlier than in women. Involution processes of these functions can be prevented as a result of adaptive compensatory brain mechanisms, which are manifested as an enhanced level of stochastic organization of the system of information processing.