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The purpose of the article is to substantiate the systemic principles of implementation of foresight-analysis of international trade as a method of strategic forecasting at the macro level, the formation of its methodological tools and implementation models. Methodology. The article used general and special research methods. Classification of types of foresight-analysis of the development of international trade and their characteristics, the formation of a set of factors influencing it was based on grouping, synthesis and formalization. Economic modeling, scientific abstraction, systems analysis were used in building a model of foresight-analysis of international trade and identified the factors of negative impact on it. Using the method of coefficients, structural analysis and analytical comparison offers groups of economic indicators of foreign trade to analyze the development of international trade in the preparatory stage of foresight-analysis. Results. It is established that the system of classifications of foresight-analysis allows its application not only at the national level of forecasting the development of trade, but also internationally. It is revealed that when applying the methodology of foresight-analysis of international trade development it is necessary to take into account the purposeful influence of endogenous and exogenous factors. The model of providing the methodology of foresight-analysis of the development of international trade is structured, which includes the following components: system methodology, strategic guidelines, information and analytical support, implementation process and a set of methodological tools. It is found that the combined application of methods (quantitative, qualitative, mixed) in the foresight-analysis of the development of international trade provides maximum efficiency. The addition of the structure of economic methods of foresight-analysis by a group of economic indicators that assess the level of development of foreign trade of a country is substantiated and proposed. Practical implementation. Formation of methodological tools and models for the implementation of foresight-analysis of the development of international trade, taking into account the specifics of foreign trade policy of states based on a consolidated group of economic indicators. Value/originality. The proposed groups of economic indicators can be used in the decomposition of methods of foresight-analysis of international trade to confirm the effectiveness of strategic directions of foreign trade policy and sound forecasting of its effectiveness in the future.

Download rates of academic journals have joined citation rates as commonly used measures of research influence. But in what ways and to what extent do the two measures differ? This paper examines six years of download data for more than five thousand journals subscribed to by the University of California system. While down- load rates of journals are highly correlated with citation rates, the average ratio of downloads to citations varies substantially among academic disciplines. We find that, typically, the ratio of a journal’s downloads to citations depends positively on its im- pact factor. Surprisingly, we find that, controlling for citation rates, number of articles, academic discipline and year of download, there remains a “publisher effect,” with some publishers recording significantly more downloads than would be predicted from char- acteristics of their journals. Download statistics are recorded and supplied to libraries by journal publishers, often subject to confidentiality clauses. If libraries use download statistics to evaluate journals, they may want to account for publisher bias in these statistics.

Keywords: Bibliometrics; European Society of Cardiology; Young Investigator Award; Impact Factor EN Bibliometrics European Society of Cardiology Young Investigator Award Impact Factor 1 3 3 06/15/23 20230301 NES 230301 Introduction The European Society of Cardiology's (ESC) annual Scientific Session hosts a Young Investigator Award (YIA) competition which is a recognized platform for young researchers (35 years old or less) who seek to take the next step into their research-career. Up until this point there has been no data published on the conversion rate from abstracts presented at the YIA to peer-reviewed published papers and differences between winners and non-winners. [Extracted from the article]

BackgroundAbstracts accepted at scientific meetings are often not subsequently published. Data on publication rates are largely from subspecialty and surgical studies.ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to 1) determine publication rates of abstracts presented at a general internal medicine meeting; 2) describe research activity among academic general internists; 3) identify factors associated with publication and with the impact factor of the journal of publication; and 4) evaluate for publication bias.DesignRetrospective cohort study.ParticipantsAll scientific abstracts presented at the Society of General Internal Medicine 2009 Annual Meeting.Main measuresPublication rates were determined by searching for full-text publications in MEDLINE. Data were abstracted regarding authors' institution, research topic category, number of study sites, sample size, study design, statistical significance (p value and confidence interval) in abstract and publication, journal of publication, publication date, and journal impact factor.Key resultsOf the 578 abstracts analyzed, 274 (47.4%) were subsequently published as a full article in a peer-reviewed journal indexed in MEDLINE. In a multivariable model adjusting for institution site, research topic, number of study sites, study design, sample size, and abstract results, publication rates for academic general internists were highest in the areas of medical education (52.5%, OR 5.05, 95% CI 1.57-17.25, reference group Veterans Affairs (VA)-based research, publication rate 36.7%), mental health/substance use (67.7%, OR 4.16, 95% CI 1.39-13.06), and aging/geriatrics/end of life (65.7%, OR 3.31, 95% CI 1.15-9.94, p = 0.01 across topics). Publication rates were higher for multicenter studies than single-institution studies (52.4% vs. 40.4%, OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.10-2.52, p = 0.04 across categories). Randomized controlled trials had higher publication rates than other study designs (66.7% vs. 45.9%, OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.30-5.94, p = 0.03 across study designs). Studies with positive results did not predict higher publication rates than negative studies (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.6-1.31, p = 0.21).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that 47.4% of abstracts presented at a general internal medicine national conference were subsequently published in a peer-reviewed journal indexed in MEDLINE.

What is a high-impact factor journal? Is it essential to publish in high-impact journals? These questions repeatedly arise in academic conversations, congresses, and workshops, and, indeed, they are relevant.

Mexico has over 23,300 vascular plant species, half of which are endemic, and ranks third in species richness in the Americas. Compiling checklists and floras, and examining phylogenetic relationships are the ways we develop a better understanding of species richness. The plant checklist and the metadata of the sequences in GenBank can help determine how well represented Mexico’s vascular flora is, using the taxonomic and systematic studies done in Mexico and internationally. We formulated eight questions related to biological aspects, bibliometric indicators, methods, and the markers used in phylogenetic studies for species distributed in Mexico. The list of Mexico’s vascular species published in taxonomy and systematics articles was used to extract GenBank’s metadata using Datataxa. The selection, filtering, and descriptive statistics were obtained with scripts designed for this study. We found that 12,589 species have sequence records in GenBank, published in 3,807 articles. The journal Systematic Botany has more than 400 publications. The number of authors ranges from 1 to 6. Average impact factor was 1.64. Magnoliophyta, Poales, and Poaceae have the highest number of published articles. Parsimony and ITS are the most widely used method and marker, respectively. We explore the importance of Mexico as a biological repository for understanding the evolution of plants in global science. This is the first study on the importance of a country’s flora in phylogenetic work. Numerous groups and endemic species lack sequencing data that could contribute to the resolution of different lineages in the phylogeny.

The central part of the Shaluli Mountains is located in the Ganzi area, Sichuan Province, China, bordered by the Jinsha River and adjacent to Tibet. Frequent avalanches pose a serious threat to human activities and engineering construction such as the Sichuan-Tibet Railway under construction. Therefore, the evaluation of avalanche susceptibility in this area can not only help define the spatial pattern of avalanches on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau but also provide references for the recognition and early warning of regional avalanche disasters. In this study, avalanche samples were selected by remote sensing interpretation supplemented by a detailed field survey, GIS spatial analysis, and data mining. Two statistical models [evidence confidence function (EBF) and certainty coefficient (CF)] combined with two machine learning models [logistic regression (LR) and multilayer perceptron (MLP)] were used to establish four integrated models (EBF-LR, CF-LR, EBF-MLP, and CF-MLP) as well as the traditional frequency ratio model (FR) for avalanche susceptibility evaluation. Finally, the results were checked for accuracy by Kappa coefficients and ROC curves. The CF-MLP (Kappa = 0.606, AUC = 0.910) model was the best avalanche susceptibility evaluation model for this study, the FR (Kappa = 0.584, AUC = 0.894) model had the next highest accuracy, and the combination of the CF algorithm and the machine learning model performed better than the EBF. The most important influencing factors were elevation, slope orientation, terrain moisture index, and January average temperature. The five models showed a high degree of consistency in the sensitivity to topographic factors during the evaluation of susceptibility. The avalanche susceptibility zoning map based on the CF-MLP model was obtained by the natural breakpoint method, and the areas with very high and high susceptibility accounted for about 10.01% and 15.33% of the total area, respectively.

Iron is an important element and its biogeochemical processes are vital to the matter and energy cycles of wetland ecosystems. Hydrology greatly controls characteristics of soil property and plant community in wetlands, which can regulate the behavior of iron and its oxides. However, it remains unclear how the spatial distribution of iron and its forms in estuarine wetlands responses to hydrological conditions. Five typical plant communities along a naturally hydrological gradient in the Yellow River Estuary wetland, including Phragmites australis in freshwater marsh (FPA), Phragmites australis in salt marsh (SPA), Tamarix chinensis in salt marsh (TC), Suaeda salsa in salt marsh (SS) and Spartina alterniflora in salt marsh (SA), as sites to collect soil samples. The total iron (FeT) and three iron oxides (complexed iron, Fep; amorphous iron, Feo; free iron, Fed) in samples were determined to clarify the spatial distribution of iron and explore its impact factors. The mean contents of FeT, Fep, Feo and Fed were 28079.4, 152.0, 617.2 and 8285.3 mg⋅kg–1 of soil at 0–40 cm depth in the different sites, respectively. The means were significantly different across communities along the hydrological gradient, with the higher values for SA on the upper intertidal zone and for SPA on the lower intertidal zone, respectively. Iron and its forms were positively correlated with the total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN) and clay, and negatively correlated with electrical conductivity (EC). The indexes of iron oxides (Fep/Fed, Feo/Fed and Fed/FeT) were also different across communities, with a higher value for SA, which were positively correlated with soil water content (WC) and TOC. The results indicate that a variety of plant community and soil property derived from the difference of hydrology might result in a spatial heterogeneity of iron in estuarine wetlands.

This year the new 2022 version of Clarivate’s impact factor profoundly changed the setup for some journals. Compli­cated by the pandemic, the introduction of early access into the tally of articles lead to the question of whether impact factors can still be considered the most important parameter for traditional bibliometric evaluations.

Quantification and ranking of scholars’ output via a consideration of the citations of one's works has been of global interest within the last two decades, after criticisms of the approach that uses the Journal Impact Factor as a proxy. Various metrics exist but are deemed flawed due to their susceptibility to manipulations and citation preponderance variability across different fields of study. Hence, we present the Universal Index (U-index or U) towards resolving the controversy surrounding the indication of an entity's contributions to academic knowledge. U-index is the average weighted ratio of citation rates per annum of one's research works relative to the Impact Factor of the respective publication outlets. Some attributes and benefits of this new metric are established herein. This work demonstrates the viability of U-index from synthesis as well as from an analytical survey of the publication portfolio of 32 researchers. An evaluation of Kendall tau coefficient shows that for a mix of scholars from diverse fields, ranking these researchers based on U-index is distinct from, and preferred to ratings that use h-index. A download link is provided to the Universal Index Calculator freeware, developed to analyze a scholar's profile generated from indexing databases such as Google Scholar.

As one of the largest carbon emitters worldwide, China has promised to peak its carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve national carbon neutrality by 2060. In order to achieve the carbon reduction goal, the low-carbon pilot (LCP) program has been implemented in China since 2010. It is particularly significant to recognise the effectiveness of the LCP program and learn valuable experience from these LCP provinces. Therefore, this study develops a systemic experience learning approach by analysing the evolution of carbon footprint (CF) and net carbon footprint (NCF) and investigating the impact factors in representative LCP provinces. The results demonstrated that the CF of nine LCP provinces showed an upward trend from 2006 to 2015, and the NCF of eight provinces was larger than 0 except for Yunnan province, with a negative NCF. The implementation of the LCP program is effective since the average annual growth rates of CF and NCF in pilot provinces were significantly lower after they were selected as LCP provinces. Based on the identified four impact factors of CF (i.e., population, GDP per capita, industrial structure, and technology), the low-carbon experience with regional characteristics can be summarised and shared with other regions throughout the country. Accordingly, targeted guidelines are put forward from the perspectives of policy, industry structure, population, and carbon uptake. This study not only develops a new experience learning approach incorporating the regional characteristics but also provides effective pathways towards carbon neutrality.

Excessive nitrogen input caused by human activities is an important factor threatening regional water security and economic development. In this study, net anthropogenic nitrogen input has offered an advantage in evaluating nitrogen input’s temporal and spatial variation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in 2006–2019. Component characteristics like sensitivity and proportional contribution of net anthropogenic nitrogen input in the time trend were assessed using a mathematical differential equation multivariate function principle for the first time. Then, redundancy analysis quantitatively analysed the distribution and interpretation of districts’ socio-economic and environmental impact factors on net anthropogenic nitrogen input. The results showed high net anthropogenic nitrogen input levels in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in 2006–2019 with significant temporal and spatial variations (one-way ANOVA, p

The application of water resources protection mining has alleviated greatly the deterioration of ecological environment in the ecologically fragile mining areas of Western China. To quantitatively evaluate the improvement effect of this technology on the ecological environment of the mining area, the evaluation index system of ecological environment in the mining area was proposed based on the water-preserved mining techniques of water resources protection mining. The entropy weight method and the Decision-making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory were selected as the subjective and objective weight method, and the cloud model theory was used as the modeling basis, then a quantitative evaluation model of ecological environment of water-preserved mining was constructed. Besides, the Halagou coal mine in Shendong Group was taken as an example, and the ecological environment of this mining area was quantitatively assessed to verify the rationality of the proposed evaluation model. The results show that the ecological environment level of the Halagou mining area is between Excellent and Good (generally at a good level), which is consistent with the actual ecological environment situation of the Halagou mining area. Thus, the rationality of the proposed evaluation model is verified. Through the evaluation cloud map, the evaluation results are biased towards the evaluation level of Good, indicating that there is still room for improvement in the ecological environment of the Halagou coal mine. Combined with the analysis results, suggestions for the sustainable improvement of the ecological environment of the mining area are given: Halagou coal mine should focus on the restoration of subsidence area and the control of mine water inflow.

Significant contributions have been made to the field of medical science by numerous students in the formative stages of their career. While medical research was earlier an exclusive domain of residents and senior doctors, we are now witnessing a positive trend of increasingly more number of undergraduate students indulging in research projects and today, research has become an integral and indispensable component of medical education. While undertaking research activities, it is imperative for young researchers to understand the importance of publishing quality data in journals of repute, without compromising on any aspect of the process.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review and evaluate the characteristics of the 300 most-cited articles that have been published in the most important implant dentistry journals. Materials and Methods: A search and selection of the most-cited articles up to October 2014 was conducted for implant journals with the highest impact factors, according to the ISI Web of Science. The 300-most-cited articles were evaluated according to the most commonly studied topics and methodological designs used. The most-cited journals and the number of articles cited by year were calculated. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the results. Results: The most-cited topics consisted of implant success/survival and guided bone regeneration, and the most-cited methodological designs were case series and cohort studies. The most frequently referenced journal was The International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants, with 47% of the citations, and the period with the most citations was 1996 to 2000. Conclusion: Longitudinal studies of success and survival have had great scientific impact on the practice of implant dentistry. Awareness of the most-cited articles in implant dentistry will contribute to scientific advances, as it serves to identify the most researched areas, the most frequently used study designs, and areas that require further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientometrics and bibliometrics, the subfields of library and information science, deal with the quantity and quality of research outputs. Currently, various scientometric indices are being used to quantify and compare research outputs. The most widely known is the h-index. However, this index and its derivatives suffer from dependence on the mere count of a scholar's highly cited publications. To remedy this deficiency, we developed a novel index, the Universal Research Index (UR-Index) (https://usern2021.github.io/UR-Index/) by which every single publication has its own impact on the total score. We developed this index by surveying international top 1 % cited scientists in various disciplines and included additional component variables such as publication type, leading role of a scholar, co-author count, and source metrics to this scientometric index. We acknowledge that unconscious biases built into the component variables included in the UR-Index might put research from specific groups at a disadvantage, thus continued efforts to improve equitable scholarly impact in science and academia are encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mountainous area in southern Anhui Province is a high incidence area of geological disasters. This paper chooses Huizhou District of Huangshan City as the research area. According to the characteristics of landform and geological structure, eight impact factors, including elevation, slope, slope direction, fault structure, water system, land cover type, engineering geological rock formation and human activity intensity, were selected as the risk assessment indexes of geological disaster. Combined with the field survey results of geological disasters, the risk assessment of geological hazard in the study area was carried out by the method of information quantity model. A geological hazard assessment model suitable for the southern Anhui mountains was established.

To evaluate interventional radiology (IR) research over time based on the study type of published articles and the visibility of articles to non-radiology clinicians. We performed a search of all PubMed-indexed literature from January 1, 1991, through November 11, 2020, for clinical IR articles classified by their study type, categorized as: 1) meta-analyses/systematic reviews/practice guidelines; 2) randomized controlled trials; 3) non-randomized controlled trials; and 4) longitudinal/observational studies. Clinical IR articles were defined as those that met keyword criteria constructed from Society of Interventional Radiology procedure guides. Data were also collected on medical specialty journal categories that published IR-related articles. When we examined the first vs. the last decade of our study period, the number of IR articles published increased across all study types: randomized controlled trials (374 to 2620; 601% change), longitudinal/observational studies (2324 to 12,447; 436%), meta-analyses/systematic reviews/practice guidelines (1179 to 6135; 420%), non-randomized controlled trials (471 to 2161; 359%). The journal categories with the highest mean percentage increase of IR articles across all study types were obstetrics and gynecology (659%), peripheral vascular disease (342%), and emergency medicine (221%). We found a decrease of IR articles published in surgery (−6.0%), pediatrics (−14%), and pulmonary (−21%) journals. The number of IR articles grew quickly and at a similar rate compared with all PubMed-indexed articles and increased as a proportion of articles published in non-imaging specialty journals. This indicates greater visibility of IR studies for all clinicians and is encouraging towards the advancement of IR techniques. • Number of interventional radiology (IR) articles published has increased at a similar rate to all medical literature. • IR articles are increasingly published in non-imaging journals. • An evaluation of publishing trends helps to guide researchers towards future areas of study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale and Objectives: Although metrics-based systems may incentivize academic output, no prior studies have evaluated the impact on publication metrics in academic radiology. This study presents a metrics-based system of awarding research protected time, and retrospectively evaluates its 9-year impact on publication productivity and impact factor.Materials and Methods: Based on a metrics-based algorithm to award department funded Research Protected Time (RPT), metrics pre-RPT (2003-2009) and during the RPT period (2010-2018) from an academic radiology department were retrospectively analyzed to test the hypothesis that the RPT program resulted in higher publication productivity and journal impact factor at the departmental level and for faculty members receiving the award. Comparison was made between (1) pre-RPT and RPT periods and (2) during the RPT period, between RPT and non-RPT faculty members, for annual publication productivity normalized to faculty count (Student's t test) and median impact factor (Wilcoxon rank sum test).Results: For the evaluation period of 2003-2018, 724 unique publications were identified: 15% (107/724) pre-RPT period and 85% (617/724) RPT period. Normalized annual publication productivity was higher during the RPT period compared to the Pre-RPT period (1.2 vs. 0.3, p = 0.002), and within the RPT period, higher among faculty who received RPT vs. non-RPT faculty (3.5 vs. 0.4, p = 0.002). Median impact factor was higher during the RPT period compared to pre-RPT period (2.843 vs. 2.322, p = 0.044), and within the RPT period, higher in RPT vs. non-RPT faculty (3.016 vs. 2.346, p < 0.001).Conclusion: The implementation of a metrics-based system of funded, research protected time, was associated with increased publication productivity and increased impact factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The openness and resilience of the global research placed new terms in the post-pandemic academic world. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, a wide variety of scientific articles and research literature have been published in a short period. COVID-19 related research papers in the social sciences focused on the impact of the new disease on social, behavioral or economic outcomes. This paper aimed to explore and understand what the impact and which topics are covered in the papers about COVID-19 in Romanian social sciences ISI journals. As such, the approach highlights that performing the query by the term "covid" in seven Romanian journals indexed in the social sciences ISI database, Amfiteatru Economic registered the highest impact in terms of the number of citations per article. Moreover, most of the papers covering topics on COVID-19 were published in 2021, compared to the previous and current year. The findings also show that journals with a higher AIS and IF have a higher share of cited articles. Results presented in this study, identify as well, the word cloud diagrams for the covered topics in the title of the papers. In such regard, the most frequent words in the corpus made of titles of cited papers are teleworking, workaholism. For the uncited papers, the results suggest that more general terms are frequent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novel corona respiratory viruses usually leave the host via droplets and float in the air or settle down. Medically, the decay characteristics of aerosolized viruses have been simulated and measured by atomizing suspensions into air, but there has been no systematic study on the effect of ambient temperature and humidity. In this study, we collected experimental data from existing medical studies, then introduced and calculated the initial decay constant (k1) and the secondary decay constant (k2) based on these data as a unified standard to quantify the decay process of the aerosolized viruses. Additionally, the influence of various factors on the decay constant of respiratory viruses in the air was statistically analyzed. The results showed that the phase decay of aerosolized viruses was very evident, and k1 (0.1∼50) was usually one order of magnitude higher than k2 (0.005∼3.2). Furthermore, the relationship between the decay constant and the survival rate of viruses, representing the risk of virus transmission, and the decay time constants, reflecting the effective period of prevention and control, was discussed. According to the decay law, the main contradiction between virus transmission and epidemic prevention and control at different time nodes was pointed out, and scientific measures to reduce the transmission risk in the built environment were recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the annual SJR and to evaluate the other parameters that show the scientific effect of journals in terms of open access (OA) or subscription access (SA) in the field of obstetrics and gynecology according to the SCImago database. Material and methods: This study was conducted between September-December 2019 at Near East University. The SCImago Journal & Country Rank database was used to collect information about the journals. We evaluated and compared the changes in the one-year SJR (SCImago Journal Rank) and journal impact factor (JIF) of OA and SA journals. Results: Data from 183 scientific journals in the field of obstetrics and gynecology from the period between 1999 and 2018 were evaluated, where 140 of these journals were SA and 43 were OA. The average SJR of OA journals in 1999 was 0.17, while it was 0.38 for SA journals. In 2018, these values were 0.31 and 0.78 for OA and SA journals, respectively. In the comparison of JIF, the average of the OA journals in 1999 was 0.09, while it was 0.66 for SA journals. In 2018, these values were 0.80 and 1.93 for OA and SA journals, respectively. Conclusions: Access to information has become easier due to technological developments and this will continue to affect the access policies of journals. Despite the disadvantages of predator journals, the rise of OA journals in terms of number and quality is likely to continue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Scholars in science and technology studies and bibliometricians are increasingly revealing the performative nature of bibliometric indicators. Far from being neutral technical measures, indicators such as the Impact Factor and the h-index are deeply transforming the social and epistemic structures of contemporary science. At the same time, scholars have highlighted how bibliometric indicators are endowed with social meanings that go beyond their purely technical definitions. These social representations of bibliometric indicators are constructed and negotiated between different groups of actors within several arenas. This study aims to investigate how bibliometric indicators are used in a context, which, so far, has not yet been covered by researchers, that of daily newspapers. By a content analysis of a corpus of 583 articles that appeared in four major Italian newspapers between 1990 and 2020, we chronicle the main functions that bibliometrics and bibliometric indicators played in the Italian press. Our material shows, among other things, that the public discourse developed in newspapers creates a favorable environment for bibliometrics-centered science policies, that bibliometric indicators contribute to the social construction of scientific facts in the press, especially in science news related to medicine, and that professional bibliometric expertise struggles to be represented in newspapers and hence reach the general public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is of great theoretical and practical importance to carry out research on the spatio-temporal evolution of urban air pollution and its driving forces, which helps to facilitate a deeper understanding of the mutual feedback mechanisms between the urban environment and socio-economic systems. Comprehension of these mechanisms will contribute to the design and implementation of efficient environmental policies that ultimately will improve the quality of urbanization development. This paper illustrates the spatio-temporal evolutionary characteristics of six urban ambient air pollutant concentrations, namely, CO, NO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5, SO2, in 286 sample cities above the prefecture level in China from 2014 to 2019. The interactions between the pollutant concentrations are analyzed based on panel regression models. A random forest model is then employed to explore the correlations between the concentrations of these six pollutants and 13 natural and socio-economic impact factors to isolate the most crucial ones. The results reveal three aspects. First, within the research period, the average annual concentration of O3 increased while that of other pollutants decreased year by year. Second, there were significant interactions between concentrations of the six pollutants, leading to obvious compound air pollution in urban areas. Third, the impact of natural and socio-economic factors on urban air quality varied greatly among different air pollutants, with air temperature, vegetation coverage, urbanization level and traffic factors ranking high and the different response thresholds to the dominant influencing factors. In light of the limited ability of humans to control the natural environment and meteorological conditions, it is recommended that urban air quality be further improved by optimizing urban density, controlling anthropogenic emission sources, and implementing strict air pollution prevention and control measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the losses caused by the atmospheric corrosion of carbon steels, it is important to establish a prediction model to determine the corrosion rate of carbon steels in natural environments. In this study, a prediction model of atmospheric corrosion of Q235 carbon steel (PMACC-Q235) in China was established by coupling the mean impact value algorithm and back propagation artificial neural network. Tempo-spatial patterns of corrosion rates in five long-exposure time categories across China were analyzed. Ten main factors affecting the atmospheric corrosion of Q235 were identified. The corrosion rates in a single year were similar (approximately 30 μm/a) and larger than those for 2 (25.30 μm/a) and 3 years (21.66 μm/a). The spatial corrosion rates in the northwestern areas were primarily lower than those in southeastern coastal areas. This could be influenced by climatic factors, such as temperature, humidity, and precipitation. All corrosion rates reached the C2 level (>1.3 μm/a), and there was some possibility that they reached higher corrosion levels. The largest probability for the C3 level in all periods was an average of 0.91, and that for the C4 level was 0.83. Spatially, higher probabilities were mainly located in the southern area, especially in Hainan, located in the south and surrounded by sea. Corrosion rates largely varied among climatic zones, and mean corrosion rates in the tropical monsoon climate zone were the largest (average of three periods 33.39 μm/a). SO2 and soluble-dust fall had the largest impact on the variations in the corrosion rates among different climatic zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ever since the need for regular publication by the faculty in the medical institutions as per the norms of Medical Council of India's directive for academic promotion and career growth, there has been a trend for fast track publications of good research data in open-access predatory surgical journals which makes the whole publication futile and useless. A review of such predatory surgical journals is done with a word of caution and prevention of publication of scientific research in such predatory journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the relationship between a journal's ranking and the reviewer's academic impact through extracting bibliometric information about reviewers for the top 1,000 Publons medical partner journals between February 2019 and 2020. Pairwise comparisons illustrate that reviewers of higher impact factor/average journal impact factor (IF/JIF) percentile ranked journals had better citation metrics than those of lower‐ranked journals. Multilevel ordinal logistic regression analysis reveals a lower level of average citations per item and total citations, as well as h‐index scores, are associated with researchers who review for lower IF ranked journals; a lower level of average citations per item and verified reviews are associated with reviewing for lower JIF percentile ranked journals. Higher average citations per item and verified reviews are positively associated with reviewing for SCI journals compared to journals without an IF/JIF percentile. The results also show that there is no statistical difference in the academic impact of researchers who review for journals that have the lowest Impact factors and those that do not have an Impact Factor. These findings, although restricted to medical journals, may provide insights for editors when selecting reviewers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last decade witnessed a rapid rise in shared mobility in China. However, there is lack of understanding how the shared mobility market developed, how shared mobility reshapes daily travel patterns, and what shared mobility contributes, if at all, to environmental goals, and in particular climate change mitigation. Here, we systematically review the state of shared mobility in China, scoping 2541 English paper and 12,140 Chinese research papers. We differentiate between ride hailing, car sharing, and bike sharing and analyze the factors shaping shared mobility patterns from the four perspectives of consumers, service providers, the government, and the environment. We also elaborate on governance measures guiding shared mobility and investigate the impact of future shared mobility on a potential low-carbon transportation system transition, highlighting the key role of bike sharing and shared pooled mobility. We show that COVID-19 reduced demand for car hailing, but rendered bike sharing more popular. This work provides a systematic guidance for the future development of shared mobility, and its possibility to contribute to climate change mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are APA journal articles getting longer or shorter over time? Earlier work that examined changes over time in article length in 24 APA journals (1986–2005) found that pages per article increased over time for the average journal, peaking around 2001, and then plateaued thereafter. But have these trends continued during the past 14 years? The current research extends prior work by adding additional years (1986–2019) and four additional journals (28 journals, 34 years, and 865 total observations). Multilevel growth curve analyses revealed a cubic effect of time on average article length, showing an increase in the 1980s and 1990s, a plateau or slight decline in the 2000s, and a slight increase again in the 2010s. Journal impact factors (JIFs) moderated linear growth over time; journals with higher JIFs had larger linear increases in article length. Exploratory multilevel interrupted time-series analyses suggested that the average linear increase in pages per article over time was greater after the start of psychology's credibility crisis (2012–2019) than before it (1986–2011), which may relate to an increased emphasis on reporting details and transparency. We discuss implications for article length in the contexts of publishing and psychology's ongoing credibility crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, northern China has suffered from the severe haze in autumn and winter, a phenomenon to which coal-fired heating appliances contribute significantly. To reduce pollution and achieve sustainability in the electricity industry, government departments have proposed the "Electricity Substitution" strategy, and the State Grid Corporation has also proposed the "coal-to-electricity" transformation movement. Against this background, our study aims to identify the impact factors of electricity consumption behavior among customers who have completed this transformation. Based on customers' monthly electricity consumption data in Shaanxi from 2017 to 2019 and on-site survey results, this paper constructs a multiple regression model and utilizes SPSS25.0 to analyze the relationship between residents' electricity consumption and related factors. The research results revealed that after the implementation of the "coal-to-electricity" transformation, residential customers' electricity consumption tended to rise. Consequently, winter temperature, appliance power, and heating area negatively correlate with residents' electricity consumption. Simultaneously, customers' habits, subsidies, and electricity pricing positively correlate with residents' electricity consumption. Finally, this paper offers some practical management suggestions for power companies based on the analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The aims of this bibliometric study were to determine author self-citation trends in high-impact orthodontic literature and to investigate possible association between self-citation and publication characteristics. Methods Six orthodontic journals with the highest impact factor as ranked by 2017 Journal Citation Reports were screened for a full publication year (2018) for original research articles, reviews, and case reports. Eligible articles were scrutinized for article and author characteristics and citation metrics. Univariable and multivariable negative binomial regression was used to examine associations between self-citation incidence and publication characteristics. Results Medians for author self-citation rate of the most self-citing authors and self-citations were 3.03% (range 0–50) and 1 (range 0–19), respectively. In the univariable analysis, there was no association between self-citation counts and study type (P = 0.41), article topic (P = 0.61), number of authors (P = 0.62), and rank of authors (P = 0.56). Author origin (P = 0.001), gender (P = 0.001) and journal (P = 0.05) were associated with self-citation counts and in the multivariable analysis only origin and gender remained strong self-citation predictors. Asian authors and females self-cited significantly less often than all other regions and male authors. Conclusions Authors in orthodontics do not self-cite at a frequency that suggests potential citation manipulation. Author origin and gender were the only variables associated with citations counts. More bibliometric research is necessary to draw solid conclusions about author self-citation trends in orthodontic literature.

Abstract Background Inappropriate authors’ self-citation (A-SC) is a growing mal-practice possibly boosted by the raising importance given to author’s metrics. Similarly, also excessive journals’ self-citation (J-SC) practice may factitiously influence journal’s metrics (impact factor, IF). Evaluating the appropriateness of each self-citation remains challenging. Main body We evaluated the presence of policies discouraging A-SC in Critical Care Medicine (CCM) journals with IF. We also calculated the J-SC rate of these journals. In order to evaluate if J-SC rates are influenced by the focus of interest of CCM journals, we separated them in three sub-categories (“multidisciplinary”, “broad” or “topic-specific” CCM journals). We analyzed 35 CCM journals and only 5 (14.3%) discouraged excessive and inappropriate A-SC. The median IF was higher in CCM journals with A-SC policies [4.1 (3–12)] as compared to those without [2.5 (2–3.5); p = 0.02]. The J-SC rate was highly variable (0–35.4%), and not influenced by the presence of A-SC policies (p = 0.32). However, J-SC rate was different according to the focus of interest (p = 0.01): in particular, it was higher in “topic-specific” CCM journals [15.3 (8.8–23.3%)], followed by “broad” CCM [11.8 (4.8–17.9%)] and “multidisciplinary” journals [6.1 (3.6–9.1%)]. Conclusions A limited number of CCM journals have policies for limiting A-SC, and these have higher IF. The J-SC rate among CCM journals is highly variable and higher in “topic-specific” interest CCM journals. Excluding self-referencing practice from scientific metrics calculation could be valuable to tackle this scientific malpractice.

Background: East Asia is one of the most important economy and research force in the world. However, the trend of published articles in various areas of East Asia has not been reported. Methods: We used PubMed and Web of Science databases to search for articles published from China, South Korea, and Japan in 59 nursing journals, from January 2008 to December 2017. Results: The results indicated that Journal of Clinical Nursing is the most popular journal in East Asia and the number of articles published in China has shown a steady upward trend, surpassing Japan and South Korea (from 204 in 2008 to 320 in 2017). South Korea has increased rapidly since 2013 (from 65 in 2013 to 144 in 2017). Conclusion: We conclude that China is the most influenced country with the largest number of articles in the field of nursing in East Asia. It is worth noting that the number of articles published in Japan has been slowly declining since 2015.

Abstract Background A low replication rate has been reported in some scientific areas motivating the creation of resource intensive collaborations to estimate the replication rate by repeating individual studies. The substantial resources required by these projects limits the number of studies that can be repeated and consequently the generalizability of the findings. We extend the use of a method from Jager and Leek to estimate the false discovery rate for 94 journals over a 5-year period using p values from over 30,000 abstracts enabling the study of how the false discovery rate varies by journal characteristics. Results We find that the empirical false discovery rate is higher for cancer versus general medicine journals (p = 9.801E−07, 95% CI: 0.045, 0.097; adjusted mean false discovery rate cancer = 0.264 vs. general medicine = 0.194). We also find that false discovery rate is negatively associated with log journal impact factor. A two-fold decrease in journal impact factor is associated with an average increase of 0.020 in FDR (p = 2.545E−04). Conversely, we find no statistically significant evidence of a higher false discovery rate, on average, for Open Access versus closed access journals (p = 0.320, 95% CI − 0.015, 0.046, adjusted mean false discovery rate Open Access = 0.241 vs. closed access = 0.225). Conclusions Our results identify areas of research that may need additional scrutiny and support to facilitate replicable science. Given our publicly available R code and data, others can complete a broad assessment of the empirical false discovery rate across other subject areas and characteristics of published research.

Following the state of affairs analysis of the maritime industry and the crisis level of the Ukrainian economy, the authors of the research have defined key prerequisites for developing the latest innovative system of tariffs setting in Ukrainian seaports, which include: structural changes to the maritime companies; the need to review and verify the current rates of port charges for economic feasibility; considering the worldwide trends and relationship system for the port charges management in the countries of the European Union; the need to pay attention to the formation of alternative sources for public port infrastructure maintenance and development; taking effective measures to expand Ukraine’s presence in global logistics, using the transit potential; development of the latest government strategy to develop maritime transport companies and logistics infrastructure. The authors have analyzed the main legislation and regulations, which are required bases to form proposals in the course of transforming tariffs setting system at public maritime companies. A comprehensive analysis performed of seaports operation and key aspects defined: the need to create a sectoral document to form competitive tariffs; present inconsistency between the objectives of the maritime companies and the state; present bureaucratization in developing effective tariffs due to a number of problematic issues in the activities of maritime companies; off-balance financial planning; compliance with the current system of tariffs setting concept of consumption; the presence of a subjective nature in the tariffs setting development system; the presence of a disproportion in the distribution of interests between the state and the business; the impossibility identified of developing a full-fledged KPI system as a tool to monitor public spending efficiency.

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There has been much debate around the role of metrics in scholarly communication, with particular focus on the misapplication of journal metrics, such as the impact factor in the assessment of research and researchers. Various initiatives have advocated for a change in this culture, including the Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA), which invites stakeholders throughout the scholarly communication ecosystem to sign up and show their support for practices designed to address the misuse of metrics. This case study provides an overview of the process undertaken by a large academic publisher (Taylor & Francis Group) in signing up to DORA and implementing some of its key practices in the hope that it will provide some guidance to others considering becoming a signatory. Our experience suggests that research, consultation and flexibility are crucial components of the process. Additionally, approaching signing with a project mindset versus a ‘sign and forget’ mentality can help organizations to understand the practical implications of signing, to anticipate and mitigate potential obstacles and to support cultural change.

BackgroundImpact factor (IF) is a quantitative tool designed to evaluate scientific journals' excellence. There was an unprecedented upsurge in biomedical journals' IF in 2020, perhaps contributed by the increased number of publications since the COVID-19 outbreak. We conducted a cross-sectional study (2018–2020) to analyze recent trends in standard bibliometrics (IF, Eigenfactor, SNIP) of pediatric journals. We also estimated reference and publication counts of biomedical journals since publication volume determines the number of citations offered and IF.MethodsVarious bibliometrics of pediatric journals and reference/publication volumes of biomedical journals were compared between 2020 vs. 2019 and 2019 vs. 2018. We also compared open access (OA) and subscription journals' trends. Finally, we estimated IF changes in the journals of a different specialty, pulmonology.ResultsThe study included 164 pediatric and 4,918 biomedical journals (OA = 1,473, subscription = 3,445). Pediatric journals' IFs had increased significantly in 2020 [median (IQR) = 2.35 (1.34)] vs. 2019 [1.82 (1.22)] (Wilcoxon: p-value < 0.001). IFs were unchanged between 2018 and 2019. Eigenfactor remained stable between 2018 and 2020, while SNIP increased progressively. Reference/publication volumes of biomedical journals escalated between 2018 and 2020, and OA journals experienced faster growth than subscription journals. IFs of pulmonary journals also increased considerably in 2020 vs. 2019.ConclusionsWe report an upsurge in pediatric journals' IF, perhaps contributed by a sudden increase in publication numbers in 2020. Therefore, considering this limitation, IF should be cautiously used as the benchmark of excellence. Unlike IF, Eigenfactor remained stable between 2018 and 2020. Similar changes in IF were also observed among the journals of another specialty, pulmonology.