Search

Your search keyword '"Harold S. Park"' showing total 276 results
Start Over Author "Harold S. Park"
276 results on '"Harold S. Park"'

251. Polar surface effects on the thermal conductivity of ZnO nanowires: a shell-like surface reconstruction-induced preserving mechanism

Author

Timon Rabczuk, Jin-Wu Jiang, and Harold S. Park

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Materials science, Phonon, Nanowire, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Bending, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Thermal conductivity, Chemical physics, Normal mode, Thermoelectric effect, Polar, General Materials Science, Surface reconstruction
Abstract

We perform molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the effect of polar surfaces on the thermal transport in zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires. We find that the thermal conductivity in nanowires with free polar (0001) surfaces is much higher than in nanowires that have been stabilized with reduced charges on the polar (0001) surfaces, and also hexagonal nanowires without any transverse polar surfaces. From normal mode analysis, we show that the higher thermal conductivity is due to a shell-like reconstruction that occurs for the free polar surfaces. This shell-like reconstruction suppresses twisting motion in the nanowires such that the bending phonon modes are not scattered by the other phonon modes, and leads to substantially higher thermal conductivity in the ZnO nanowire with free polar surfaces. Furthermore, the auto-correlation function of the normal mode coordinate is utilized to extract the phonon lifetime, which leads to a concise explanation for the higher thermal conductivity in ZnO nanowires with free polar surfaces. Our work demonstrates that ZnO nanowires without polar surfaces, which exhibit low thermal conductivity, are more promising candidates for thermoelectric applications than nanowires with polar surfaces (and also high thermal conductivity)., Comment: Nanoscale,published

Published
2013

252. Experimental tests of lepton universality in $\tau$ decay

Author

T. K. Nelson, Richard L. Greene, E. H. Thorndike, M. M. Zoeller, D. Coppage, G. Bonvicini, J. P. Alexander, Karl Berkelman, A. Efimov, D. H. Miller, L. Gibbons, E. Gerndt, R. S. Galik, H. Yamamoto, K. W. Edwards, S. Blinov, R. Wang, P. Gaidarev, W. T. Ford, A. Anastassov, D. Cinabro, M.A. Palmer, B. Nemati, R. D. Kass, R. Balest, E. I. Shibata, A. Wolf, I. Korolkov, Z. Ling, S. Roberts, H. Marsiske, B. E. Berger, B. Gittelman, A. H. Mahmood, V. Fadeyev, E. Johnson, I. P.J. Shipsey, N. Hancock, Jungil Lee, H. A. Cho, T. Bergfeld, Yurii Maravin, F. Frasconi, M. Dickson, N. Menon, D. Gibaut, R. Davis, Anders Ryd, Sz Márka, R. Poling, D. He, K. W. McLean, C. Qiao, S. B. Athar, J. Urheim, J. Staeck, D. G. Cassel, J. D. Richman, D. Y.J. Kim, C. R. Ng, C. Darling, Michael S. Witherell, P. I. Hopman, M. Sung, D. Roberts, C.Y. Prescott, Shengfeng Yang, A. Freyberger, John Yelton, H. Kagan, M. B. Spencer, D. L. Kreinick, Jianqiao Ye, P. S. Drell, J. J. Thaler, S. E. Csorna, B. C. Barish, Marina Artuso, W. R. Ross, B. H. Behrens, C. Ward, R. Elia, P. Skubic, K. Lingel, J. Masui, D. Fujino, J. Gronberg, I. Karliner, Y. Kwon, J. Ernst, S.C. Timm, K. Kinoshita, I. Volobouev, Sheldon Stone, M. Chadha, Paul Avery, G. W. Brandenburg, D. Z. Besson, K. D. Fisher, Yurii V. Mukhin, Vivek Jain, B. I. Eisenstein, I. Narsky, M. Lohner, Dj Lange, J. Roy, R. Ammar, R. Godang, T. Lee, M. Schmidtler, Ryszard Stroynowski, C. Bebek, Sacha E Kopp, J. L. Rodriguez, M. S. Alam, R. Wanke, G. Masek, R. J. Morrison, Juliet Ritchie Patterson, Mats A Selen, Frank Würthwein, G. Viehhauser, K. Cho, N. B. Mistry, I. C. Lai, A. J. Sadoff, H. Severini, S. Chan, P. Rankin, R. Mountain, J. Mevissen, J. Kandaswamy, J. J. O'Neill, D. L. Hartill, A. Soffer, X. J. Zhou, M. Athanas, M. Lattery, D. Peterson, T. E. Browder, R. A. Briere, S. Anderson, D. S. Crowcroft, J. Fast, C. O'Grady, N. Kwak, K. Honscheid, M. Bishai, M. A. Marsh, S. Menary, Alain Bellerive, J. E. Duboscq, F. R. Wappler, V. Shelkov, S. Kotov, R. Janicek, Y. Li, P. M. Patel, Daniel W. Bliss, Kenneth Bloom, D. M. Coffman, N. Katayama, B. K. Heltsley, Richard Wilson, A. D. Foland, V. Savinov, M. Yurko, Philip Baringer, G. D. Gollin, Xiangjun Xing, G. Eigen, R. Ehrlich, G. E. Gladding, S. Patton, D. Riley, D. M. Asner, S. Schuh, K. M. Ecklund, R. M. Hans, J. Bartelt, M. Gao, M. Ogg, F. Li, M. L. Perl, Yuichi Kubota, L. P. Perera, Harold S. Park, J. S. Miller, H. P. Paar, Alice Bean, R. Fulton, Y. S. Gao, J. Zheng, K. K. Gan, R. Kutschke, P. C. Kim, E. Nordberg, M. Goldberg, G. S. Ludwig, G. C. Moneti, M. Sivertz, Vivek Sharma, A. Undrus, A. Smith, S.F. Schaffner, T. E. Coan, D. B. MacFarlane, A. J. Weinstein, Tomasz Skwarnicki, H. N. Nelson, S. J. Richichi, W. S. Brower, P. Pomianowski, Ilya Kravchenko, C. D. Jones, Michael Wood, J. W. Hinson, T. Hart, T. Riehle, D. Ugolini, S. W. Gray, S. Schrenk, Yanwen Liu, J. G. Smith, C. P. Jessop, and S. D. Johnson

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton, Universality (dynamical systems)
Abstract

The branching fractions for τ→eνντ, μνντ, and hντ are measured using data collected with the CLEO detector at the CESR e+e- collider: Be=0.1776±0.0006±0.0017, Bμ=0.1737±0.0008±0.0018, and Bh=0.1152±0.0005±0.0012, where the first error is statistical, the second systematic, and h refers to either a charged π or K. Also measured is the τ mass, mτ=(1778.2±1.4) MeV. Lepton universality is affirmed by the relative branching fractions (Bμ/Be=0.9777±0.0063±0.0087, Bh/Be=0.6484±0.0041±0.0060) and the charged-current gauge coupling-constant ratios (gμ/ge=1.0026±0.0055, gτ/gμ=0.9990±0.0098). The τ mass result may be recast as a τ neutrino mass limit, mντ

Published
1996

253. Tau Decays into Three Charged Leptons and Two Neutrinos

Author

A. H. Mahmood, R. Davis, D. Riley, K. W. McLean, J. Roy, Ryszard Stroynowski, P. Rankin, D. M. Asner, Y. Kwon, D. Fujino, J. J. O'Neill, G. Wei, D. Z. Besson, H. A. Cho, J. Bartelt, D. Cinabro, Yurii V. Mukhin, T. Lee, M. Schmidtler, D. L. Hartill, J. J. Thaler, R. Poling, C. R. Ng, J. K. Nelson, G. E. Gladding, S. Patton, M. L. Perl, Michael S. Witherell, B. Nemati, H. Yamamoto, Z. Ling, M. Ogg, Ian Shipsey, D. He, Yuichi Kubota, R. Mountain, J. Urheim, J. S. Miller, I. Volobouev, D. W. Bliss, P. Gaidarev, X. Fu, B. Gittelman, S. F. Schaffner, Sacha E Kopp, S. Nakanishi, M. S. Alam, E. H. Thorndike, R. Wanke, I. J. Kim, F. R. Wappler, T. Skwarnicki, G. Masek, Alain Bellerive, S. Kotov, Juliet Ritchie Patterson, J. Mevissen, D. Coppage, R. Janicek, J. Kandaswamy, P. M. Patel, P. C. Kim, M. M. Zoeller, M. Lattery, H. Tajima, A. Soffer, K. Honscheid, D. Peterson, V. Savinov, D. G. Cassel, C. M. Korte, R. S. Galik, K. K. Gan, J. E. Duboscq, K. W. Edwards, Richard Wilson, M. Lohner, H. Marsiske, M. Sung, D. Roberts, P. Skubic, D. L. Kreinick, G. Brandenburg, Philip Baringer, T. Miao, T. E. Browder, M. Dickson, I. Korolkov, N. Copty, J. L. Rodriguez, D. S. Crowcroft, B. I. Eisenstein, M. Gao, Frank Würthwein, S. E. Csorna, H. P. Paar, C. Qiao, K. Cho, R. Fulton, Xiangjun Xing, S. Roberts, N. B. Mistry, P. S. Drell, R. Elia, K. Kinoshita, K. Lingel, S. Playfer, M. Saulnier, J. Fast, J. Ernst, Harold S. Park, V. Fadeyev, F. Li, R. Ehrlich, E. Nordberg, Jeffrey Richman, Alice Bean, Christopher G. White, R. J. Morrison, Mats A Selen, G. S. Ludwig, S. L. Jones, A. J. Sadoff, N. Kwak, D. M. Coffman, D. B. MacFarlane, J. Dominick, A. J. Weinstein, R. Kutschke, T. K. Nelson, B. K. Heltsley, M.A. Palmer, M. Bishai, H. N. Nelson, G. D. Gollin, S. J. Richichi, E. Gerndt, Kenneth Bloom, S. Menary, R. Ammar, Dave Britton, J. P. Alexander, N. Katayama, V. Shelkov, G. Eigen, T. E. Coan, H. Severini, S. Chan, A. Wolf, C. O'Grady, S. Sanghera, R. Wang, T. Bergfeld, N. Hancock, Harris Kagan, C.Y. Prescott, W. R. Ross, J. Masui, B. Spaan, John Yelton, M. Lambrecht, Vivek Jain, David Miller, Pu Wang, Jungil Lee, B. C. Barish, Sheldon Stone, T. Riehle, Paul Avery, C. D. Jones, G. C. Moneti, B. E. Berger, C. R. Sun, W. T. Ford, R. D. Kass, R. Balest, E. I. Shibata, M. Goldberg, S. W. Gray, T. Liu, C. Bebek, W. S. Brower, A. P. Freyberger, Shengfeng Yang, R. A. Briere, P. Pomianowski, Ilya Kravchenko, Michael Wood, J. W. Hinson, M. Modesitt, S. Schrenk, Yanwen Liu, J. G. Smith, C. P. Jessop, S. D. Johnson, C. Ward, J. Gronberg, S.C. Timm, N. Horwitz, M. Chadha, D. J. Dumas, D. Gibaut, Karl Berkelman, A. Efimov, L. Gibbons, Anders Ryd, M. Athanas, Sz Márka, and Marina Artuso

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Positron, Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, Cornell Electron Storage Ring, Neutrino, Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton, Standard Model
Abstract

We search for the radiative leptonic tau decays τ→ee^+e^-ν_τν_e and τ→μe^+e^-ν_τν_μ using 3.60fb^(-1) of data collected by the CLEO-II experiment at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring. We present a first observation of the τ→ee^+e^-ν_τν_e process. For this channel we measure the branching fraction B(τ→ee^+e^-ν_τν_e) = (2.7_(-1.1-0.4-0.3)^(+1.5+0.4+0.1))×10^(-5). An upper limit is established for the second channel: B(τ→μe^+e^-ν_τν_μ)

Published
1996

254. Search for Exclusive Charmless Hadronic B Decays

Author

M. Gao, V. Savinov, G. C. Moneti, H. P. Paar, R. Fulton, Barry C. Barish, E. I. Shibata, Philip Baringer, Xiangjun Xing, Ryszard Stroynowski, G. Masek, Juliet Ritchie Patterson, J. S. Miller, D. Fujino, J. J. O'Neill, M. Dickson, M.A. Palmer, P. Rankin, D. L. Kreinick, S. W. Gray, E. Nordberg, Jeffrey Richman, Yurii V. Mukhin, Sacha E Kopp, C. Qiao, D. J. Dumas, G. S. Ludwig, M. S. Alam, Pu Wang, T. K. Nelson, Z. Ling, D. W. Bliss, Karl Berkelman, J. Mevissen, L. Gibbons, M. M. Zoeller, S. Roberts, T. Liu, Jungil Lee, R. Ehrlich, M. Modesitt, S. Nakanishi, E. H. Thorndike, S. L. Jones, Younghoon Kwon, A. Wolf, C. Bebek, S. Sanghera, Anders Ryd, J. Kandaswamy, R. Ammar, D. Z. Besson, E. R.F. Hyatt, V. Fadeyev, M. Lattery, J. Dominick, T. E. Coan, M. Athanas, Sz Márka, D. Coppage, N. Hancock, A. P. Freyberger, H. Severini, S. Chan, H. Tajima, J. P. Alexander, Shengfeng Yang, C. O'Grady, M. Sung, D. M. Coffman, R. Davis, K. K. Gan, D. Roberts, N. Kwak, Richard Wilson, M. Bishai, George D Gollin, M. Ogg, B. K. Heltsley, H. Yamamoto, Yanwen Liu, J. G. Smith, J. Gronberg, N. Horwitz, J. Urheim, D. F. Cowen, Jon J Thaler, D. Peterson, T. Skwarnicki, M. Chadha, D. Cinabro, G. E. Gladding, P. C. Kim, S. Menary, Dave Britton, S. D. Johnson, S. Patton, D. H. Miller, D. B. MacFarlane, V. Shelkov, S. Schrenk, M. S. Witherell, P. Gaidarev, T. Miao, F. Muheim, A. J. Weinstein, H. N. Nelson, W. S. Brower, X. Fu, Frank Würthwein, D. Riley, Sheldon Stone, S. Playfer, K. Cho, N. B. Mistry, P. Pomianowski, D. M. Asner, S. E. Csorna, Paul Avery, W. R. Ross, I. Volobouev, K. Kinoshita, G. W. Brandenburg, Ilya Kravchenko, Michael Wood, J. W. Hinson, J. Bartelt, C. R. Sun, W. T. Ford, R. D. Kass, R. Balest, J. Masui, B. Spaan, John Yelton, M. Lambrecht, Yuichi Kubota, Vivek Jain, Alain Bellerive, K. W. McLean, I. Korolkov, P. M. Patel, N. Copty, C. D. Jones, K. Lingel, R. J. Morrison, B. E. Berger, Mats A Selen, Kenneth Bloom, M. Goldberg, A. J. Sadoff, A. Soffer, Ron Poling, N. Katayama, D. S. Crowcroft, G. Crawford, G. Eigen, S. Kotov, R. Janicek, Harold S. Park, Alice Bean, R. Kutschke, K. Honscheid, Ian Shipsey, D. He, C. M. Korte, T. E. Browder, P. Skubic, Shawn W. Henderson, Maurice Garcia-Sciveres, T. Lee, J. K. Nelson, P. S. Drell, R. Elia, A. H. Mahmood, Jorge Luis Rodriguez, M. Saulnier, R. Mountain, J. Ernst, B. Nemati, E. Gerndt, K. W. Edwards, B. Gittelman, Ruifang Wang, T. Bergfeld, D. G. Cassel, I. J. Kim, F. R. Wappler, Harris Kagan, C.Y. Prescott, M. Momayezi, M. Lohner, B. I. Eisenstein, J. Fast, Christopher G. White, D. Gibaut, Marina Artuso, G. Wei, H. A. Cho, D. L. Hartill, and C. R. Ng

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Pion, 0103 physical sciences, B meson, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Cornell Electron Storage Ring, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We have searched for two-body charmless hadronic decays of $B$ mesons. Final states include $\pi\pi$, $K \pi$, and $KK$ with both charged and neutral kaons and pions; $\pi\rho$, $K \rho$, and $K^*\pi$; and $K\phi$, $ K^*\phi$, and $\phi\phi$. The data used in this analysis consist of 2.6~million $B\bar{B}$~pairs produced at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ taken with the CLEO-II detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR). We measure the branching fraction of the sum of $B^0 \rightarrow \pi^+\pi^-$ and $B^0 \rightarrow K^+\pi^-$ to be $(1.8^{+0.6+0.2}_{-0.5-0.3}\pm0.2) \times 10^{-5}$. In addition, we place upper limits on individual branching fractions in the range from $10^{-4}$ to $10^{-6}$., Comment: 33 page LATEX file, uses REVTEX and psfig, 14 figures in a separate uuencoded postscript file, postscript version also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS

Published
1995

255. Enhancing the mass sensitivity of graphene nanoresonators via nonlinear oscillations: the effective strain mechanism

Author

Harold S. Park, Jin-Wu Jiang, and Timon Rabczuk

Subjects
Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Work (thermodynamics), Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Graphene, business.industry, Oscillation, Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, General Chemistry, Kinetic energy, law.invention, Resonator, Nonlinear system, Mechanics of Materials, law, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Optoelectronics, General Materials Science, Sensitivity (control systems), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nonlinear Oscillations, business
Abstract

We perform classical molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the enhancement of the mass sensitivity and resonant frequency of graphene nanomechanical resonators that is achieved by driving them into the nonlinear oscillation regime. The mass sensitivity as measured by the resonant frequency shift is found to triple if the actuation energy is about 2.5 times the initial kinetic energy of the nanoresonator. The mechanism underlying the enhanced mass sensitivity is found to be the effective strain that is induced in the nanoresonator due to the nonlinear oscillations, where we obtain an analytic relationship between the induced effective strain and the actuation energy that is applied to the graphene nanoresonator. An important implication of this work is that there is no need for experimentalists to apply tensile strain to the resonators before actuation in order to enhance the mass sensitivity. Instead, enhanced mass sensitivity can be obtained by the far simpler technique of actuating nonlinear oscillations of an existing graphene nanoresonator., published version

Published
2012

256. Correction to 'Size Dependence of the Plasmon Ruler Equation for Two-Dimensional Metal Nanosphere Arrays'

Author

Xue Ben and Harold S. Park

Subjects
business.product_category, Materials science, business.industry, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Metal, General Energy, Ruler, Optics, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Optoelectronics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, business, Size dependence, Plasmon, Localized surface plasmon
Published
2012

257. Intrinsic energy dissipation in CVD-grown graphene nanoresonators

Author

Harold S. Park and Zenan Qi

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed matter physics, Graphene, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph), Orders of magnitude (numbers), Dissipation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Symmetry (physics), law.invention, Molecular dynamics, law, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 0103 physical sciences, Monolayer, General Materials Science, Grain boundary, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

We utilize classical molecular dynamics to study the the quality (Q)-factors of monolayer CVD-grown graphene nanoresonators. In particular, we focus on the effects of intrinsic grain boundaries of different orientations, which result from the CVD growth process, on the Q-factors. For a range of misorientations orientation angles that are consistent with those seen experimentally in CVD-grown graphene, i.e. 0$^{\circ}$ to $\sim20^{\circ}$, we find that the Q-factors for graphene with intrinsic grain boundaries are 1-2 orders of magnitude smaller than that of pristine monolayer graphene. We find that the Q-factor degradation is strongly influenced by both the symmetry and structure of the 5-7 defect pairs that occur at the grain boundary. Because of this, we also demonstrate that find the Q-factors CVD-grown graphene can be significantly elevated, and approach that of pristine graphene, through application of modest (1%) tensile strain., 6 pages, 10 figures

Published
2012

258. On the effective plate thickness of monolayer graphene from flexural wave propagation

Author

Sung Youb Kim and Harold S. Park

Subjects
Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Wave propagation, Graphene, General Physics and Astronomy, Transverse wave, Nanotechnology, Carbon nanotube, law.invention, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Flexural strength, law, Plate theory, Monolayer, Graphene nanoribbons
Abstract

We utilize classical molecular dynamics to study flexural, or transverse wave propagation in monolayer graphene sheets and compare the resulting dispersion relationships to those expected from continuum thin plate theory. In doing so, we determine that regardless of the chirality for monolayer graphene, transverse waves exhibit a dispersion relationship that corresponds to the lowest order antisymmetric (A0) mode of wave propagation in a thin plate with plate thickness of h=0.104 nm. Finally, we find that the achievable wave speeds in monolayer graphene are found to exceed those reported previously for single walled carbon nanotubes, while the frequency of wave propagation in the graphene monolayer is found to reach the terahertz range, similar to that of carbon nanotubes.

Published
2011

259. The Influence of shearing and rotary inertia on the resonant properties of gold nanowires

Author

Per Lidström, Harold S. Park, and Pär Olsson

Subjects
Shearing (physics), Timoshenko beam theory, Physics, Nanowire, General Physics and Astronomy, Modulus, Rotary inertia, Young's modulus, Mechanics, Aspect ratio (image), symbols.namesake, Classical mechanics, symbols, Elastic modulus
Abstract

In a previous publication [ P. A. T. Olsson, J. Appl. Phys. 108, 034318 (2010) ], molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to study the resonant properties of gold nanowires. It has been documented in the aforementioned publication that the eigenfrequencies of the fundamental mode follows the continuum mechanically predicted behavior when Bernoulli–Euler beam theory is used, whereas the higher order modes tend to be low in comparison to Bernoulli–Euler beam theory predictions. In this work, we have studied the resonant properties of unstressed and prestressed nanowires to explain why the eigenfrequencies of the fundamental mode follows the behavior predicted by Bernoulli–Euler beam theory while those of higher order modes are low in comparison. This is done by employing Timoshenko beam theory and studying the nanowire deformations for different modes. We find good agreement between the MD results and Timoshenko predictions due to the increasing importance of shearing and rotary inertia for higher order resonant modes. Furthermore, we argue that this type of behavior is merely a geometric effect stemming from low aspect ratio for the considered structures as a converging type of behavior is found when the aspect ratios fall between 15 and 20. Finally, we have found that classical Timoshenko beam theory that neglects nanoscale surface effects is able to, simply through utilization of the size dependent Young’s modulus, capture the dynamic properties of the gold nanowires as calculated through MD. (Less)

Published
2010

260. Piezoelectric constants for ZnO calculated using classical polarizable core–shell potentials

Author

Shuangxing Dai, Harold S. Park, and Martin L. Dunn

Subjects
Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Ab initio, Bioengineering, General Chemistry, Electron, Polarization (waves), Piezoelectricity, Ion, Molecular dynamics, Mechanics of Materials, Polarizability, Ab initio quantum chemistry methods, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Atomic physics
Abstract

We demonstrate the feasibility of using classical atomistic simulations, i.e. molecular dynamics and molecular statics, to study the piezoelectric properties of ZnO using core-shell interatomic potentials. We accomplish this by reporting the piezoelectric constants for ZnO as calculated using two different classical interatomic core-shell potentials: that originally proposed by Binks and Grimes (1994 Solid State Commun. 89 921-4), and that proposed by Nyberg et al (1996 J. Phys. Chem. 100 9054-63). We demonstrate that the classical core-shell potentials are able to qualitatively reproduce the piezoelectric constants as compared to benchmark ab initio calculations. We further demonstrate that while the presence of the shell is required to capture the electron polarization effects that control the clamped ion part of the piezoelectric constant, the major shortcoming of the classical potentials is a significant underprediction of the clamped ion term as compared to previous ab initio results. However, the present results suggest that overall, these classical core-shell potentials are sufficiently accurate to be utilized for large scale atomistic simulations of the piezoelectric response of ZnO nanostructures.

Published
2010

261. Multilayer friction and attachment effects on energy dissipation in graphene nanoresonators

Author

Sung Youb Kim and Harold S. Park

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Condensed matter physics, Silicon, Chemistry, Graphene, chemistry.chemical_element, Substrate (electronics), Dissipation, law.invention, Molecular dynamics, symbols.namesake, law, Monolayer, symbols, van der Waals force, Graphene nanoribbons
Abstract

We utilize classical molecular dynamics to study the effects of intrinsic, interlayer friction between graphene monolayers, as well as extrinsic attachment or clamping strength between graphene and a model silicon substrate on the energy dissipation (Q-factors) of oscillating graphene nanoresonators. Both interlayer friction and attachment effects are found to significantly degrade the graphene Q-factors, with an increase in energy dissipation with increasing temperature, while both effects are found to be strongly dependent on the strength of the van der Waals interactions, either between adjacent layers of graphene or between graphene and the underlying substrate.

Published
2009

262. Recent advances in computational study of nanostructures

Author

Jacob Fish, Hanchen Huang, H. Eliot Fang, and Harold S. Park

Subjects
Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Technical university, Computational Mechanics, General Physics and Astronomy, Library science, business, Computer Science Applications
Abstract

s by March 3, 2008 Please submit abstracts online at: http://www.asmeconferences.org/Congress08/Author/NewAbstract.cfm Abstracts should be submitted to: Track 12 Micro and Nano System Design and Manufacturing 12-3 Recent Advances in Computational Study of Nanostructures For questions, please contact one of the organizers: Harold S. Park University of Colorado Harold.park@colorado.edu Gregory M. Odegard Michigan Technical University gmodegar@mtu.edu H. Eliot Fang Sandia National Laboratories hefang@sandia.gov

Published
2008

263. Surface stress effects on the resonant properties of silicon nanowires

Author

Harold S. Park

Subjects
Timoshenko beam theory, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Classical mechanics, Materials science, Surface-area-to-volume ratio, Condensed matter physics, Continuum mechanics, Deformation (mechanics), Surface stress, Nanowire, General Physics and Astronomy, Boundary value problem, Finite element method
Abstract

The purpose of the present work is to quantify the coupled effects of surface stresses and boundary conditions on the resonant properties of silicon nanowires. We accomplish this by using the surface Cauchy–Born model, which is a nonlinear, finite deformation continuum mechanics model that enables the determination of the nanowire resonant frequencies including surface stress effects through solution of a standard finite element eigenvalue problem. By calculating the resonant frequencies of both fixed/fixed and fixed/free ⟨100⟩ silicon nanowires with unreconstructed {100} surfaces using two formulations, one that accounts for surface stresses and one that does not, it is quantified how surface stresses cause variations in nanowire resonant frequencies from those expected from continuum beam theory. We find that surface stresses significantly reduce the resonant frequencies of fixed/fixed nanowires as compared to continuum beam theory predictions, while small increases in resonant frequency with respect to continuum beam theory are found for fixed/free nanowires. It is also found that the nanowire aspect ratio, and not the surface area to volume ratio, is the key parameter that correlates deviations in nanowire resonant frequencies due to surface stresses from continuum beam theory.

Published
2008

264. The coupled effects of geometry and surface orientation on the mechanical properties of metal nanowires

Author

Changjiang Ji and Harold S. Park

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Toughness, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Nanowire, Bioengineering, Geometry, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Cross section (physics), Deformation mechanism, Mechanics of Materials, Ultimate tensile strength, Fracture (geology), General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Crystal twinning
Abstract

We have performed atomistic simulations of the tensile loading of and copper nanowires to investigate the coupled effects of geometry and surface orientation on their mechanical behaviour and properties. By varying the nanowire cross section from square to rectangular, nanowires with dominant surface facets are created that exhibit distinct mechanical properties due to the different inelastic deformation mechanisms that are activated. In particular, we find that non-square nanowires generally exhibit lower yield stresses and strains, lower toughness, elevated fracture strains, and a propensity to deform via twinning; we quantify the links between the observed deformation mechanisms due to non-square cross section and the resulting mechanical properties, while illustrating that geometry can be utilized to tailor the mechanical properties of nanowires.

Published
2007

265. Characterizing the elasticity of hollow metal nanowires

Author

Changjiang Ji and Harold S. Park

Subjects
Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Nanowire, Modulus, Bioengineering, Nanotechnology, General Chemistry, Nanomaterials, Metal nanowires, Surface area, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, Copper nanowires, Elasticity (economics)
Abstract

We have performed atomistic simulations on solid and hollow copper nanowires to quantify the elastic properties of hollow nanowires (nanoboxes). We analyse variations in the modulus, yield stress and strain for and nanoboxes by varying the amount of bulk material that is removed to create the nanoboxes. We find that, while nanoboxes show no improvement in elastic properties as compared to solid nanowires, nanoboxes can show enhanced elastic properties as compared to solid nanowires. The simulations reveal that the elastic properties of the nanoboxes are strongly dependent on the relative strength of the bulk material that has been removed, as well as the total surface area of the nanoboxes, and indicate the potential of ultralight, high-strength nanomaterials such as nanoboxes.

Published
2007

266. Geometric effects on the inelastic deformation of metal nanowires

Author

Changjiang Ji and Harold S. Park

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Transverse plane, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), chemistry, Condensed matter physics, Ultimate tensile strength, Nanowire, chemistry.chemical_element, Deformation (meteorology), Crystal twinning, Copper, Nanomaterials
Abstract

This letter addresses the direct effect that geometry has in controlling the mechanisms of inelastic deformation in metal nanowires. By performing atomistic simulations of the tensile deformation of ⟨100⟩∕{100} hollow copper nanowires (nanoboxes), the authors find that the nanoboxes deform in an unexpected twinning-dominated mode; the nonsquare wall geometries of the nanoboxes bias the deformation by allowing the larger transverse {100} surfaces to reduce their area through twinning by reorienting to a lower energy {111} surface. Additional analyses on solid nanowires with nonsquare cross sections confirm that geometry can be utilized to engineer the mechanical behavior and properties of nanomaterials.

Published
2006

267. Limits on Flavor Changing Neutral Currents inD0Meson Decays

Author

K. Lingel, J. L. Rodriguez, Sheldon Stone, Frank Würthwein, Paul Avery, K. Cho, N. B. Mistry, D. Riley, Christopher G. White, Richard L. Greene, E. H. Thorndike, M. Gao, J. Gronberg, J. Mevissen, D. He, T. Liu, M. Modesitt, H. P. Paar, Philip Baringer, Xiangjun Xing, S. Roberts, C. R. Sun, R. Fulton, E. I. Shibata, D. Coppage, J. Kandaswamy, S. Schrenk, W. T. Ford, Vitaliy Fadeyev, J. P. Alexander, R. D. Kass, R. Balest, N. Kwak, M. Lembrecht, X. Fu, T. K. Nelson, D. A. Roberts, Anders Ryd, M. Athanas, A. P. Freyberger, J. A. Ernst, M. Bishai, D. Peterson, K. W. McLean, Sz Márka, B. E. Berger, D. G. Cassel, E. Nordberg, G. S. Ludwig, M. L. Perl, Yuichi Kubota, R. Ammar, T. E. Coan, John E. Bartelt, D. W. Bliss, R. Poling, Y. J. Kwon, Harold S. Park, P. S. Drell, S. Chan, G. E. Gladding, A. H. Mahmood, C. P. Ward, D. B. MacFarlane, T. Riehle, Igor Volobouev, M. M. Zoeller, Dave Britton, W. R. Ross, R. Elia, Alice Bean, L. K. Gibbons, R. Davis, H. N. Nelson, C. Qiao, M. Saulnier, C.Y. Prescott, K. Honscheid, B. I. Eisenstein, S. J. Richichi, T. Miao, A. Wolf, D. Z. Besson, S.C. Timm, T. Lee, M. Schmidtler, D. Cinabro, Shengfeng Yang, N. Horwitz, M. Chadha, C. M. Korte, J. D. Richman, S. B. Anderson, S. W. Gray, Sacha E Kopp, J. J. Thaler, M. S. Alam, R. Wanke, P. Skubic, N. Hancock, D. Gibaut, B. Gittelman, James E. Fast, R. Janicek, R. Mountain, M. Ogg, J. E. Duboscq, K. W. Edwards, M. Dickson, S. J. Patton, M. Lattery, S. Kotov, B. C. Barish, F. Li, I. J. Kim, J. Masui, S. E. Csorna, Yanwen Liu, J. G. Smith, R. J. Wilson, Vipul Jain, S. D. Johnson, M. Yurko, D. M. Coffman, Kenneth Bloom, J. Urheim, D. J. Dumas, Robert K. Kutschke, Alexander Undrus, Ryszard Stroynowski, D. Fujino, W. S. Brower, B. K. Heltsley, K. K. Gan, T. Skwarnicki, N. Katayama, S. Menary, P. Pomianowski, G. Eigen, P. Rankin, G. D. Gollin, P. C. Kim, B. Spaan, K. Kinoshita, I. P. J. Shipsey, B. Nemati, Ilya Kravchenko, Janice Nelson, C. D. Jones, Karl Berkelman, D. L. Kreinick, Marina Artuso, C. Bebek, Michael Wood, G. W. Brandenburg, J. W. Hinson, M. Goldberg, A. Efimov, G. C. Moneti, T. E. Browder, Ilya Korolkov, A. J.R. Weinstein, S.F. Schaffner, J. Dominick, V. Savinov, C. P. Jessop, June Hyuk Lee, D. H. Miller, P. Gaidarev, S. Nakanishi, M. Lohner, G. Wei, J. J. O'Neill, E. Gerndt, S. Sanghera, Pu Wang, A. Soffer, D. M. Asner, P. M. Patel, T. Bergfeld, John Yelton, D. L. Hartill, D. S. Crowcroft, H. Yamamoto, N. Copty, F. R. Wappler, R. Wang, H. Kagan, S. Playfer, C. P. O'Grady, Jayashree Roy, R. J. Morrison, Mats A Selen, M.A. Palmer, A. J. Sadoff, V.G. Shelkov, Z. Ling, H. Marsiske, Yurii V. Mukhin, J. S. Miller, H. Tajima, R. Ehrlich, S. L. Jones, H. A. Cho, C. R. Ng, Michael S. Witherell, M.K. Sung, G. Masek, Juliet Ritchie Patterson, Alain Bellerive, Horst Severini, and R. A. Briere

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Meson, General Physics and Astronomy, Flavor
Published
1996

269. A dynamic finite element method for inhomogeneous deformation and electromechanical instability of dielectric elastomer transducers

Author

P. A. Klein, Zhigang Suo, Harold S. Park, and Jinxiong Zhou

Subjects
Materials science, Constitutive equation, Snap through, Dielectric, Elastomer, Dielectric elastomer, Instability, Dielectric elastomers, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Materials Science(all), Finite element, Modelling and Simulation, General Materials Science, Composite material, Mechanical Engineering, Applied Mathematics, Mechanics, Condensed Matter Physics, Electromechanical instability, Wrinkling, Finite element method, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Mechanics of Materials, Modeling and Simulation, Hyperelastic material, Deformation (engineering)
Abstract

We present a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element formulation for dielectric elastomers. The mechanical and electrical governing equations are solved monolithically using an implicit time integrator, where the governing finite element equations are given for both static and dynamic cases. By accounting for inertial terms in conjunction with the Arruda–Boyce rubber hyperelastic constitutive model, we demonstrate the ability to capture the various modes of inhomogeneous deformation, including pull-in instability and wrinkling, that may result in dielectric elastomers that are subject to various forms of electrostatic loading. The formulation presented here forms the basis for needed computational tools that can elucidate the electromechanical behavior and properties of dielectric elastomers that are used for engineering applications.

Full Text
View/download PDF

270. High flexoelectric constants in Janus transition-metal dichalcogenides

Author

Brahmanandam Javvaji, Xiaoying Zhuang, Bo He, and Harold S. Park

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Condensed matter physics, Degree (graph theory), media_common.quotation_subject, Flexoelectricity, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Charge (physics), 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Coupling (probability), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Piezoelectricity, Asymmetry, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Janus, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, media_common
Abstract

Due to their combination of mechanical stiffness and flexibility, two-dimensional (2D) materials have received significant interest as potential electromechanical materials. Flexoelectricity is an electromechanical coupling between strain gradient and polarization. Unlike piezoelectricity, which exists only in noncentrosymmetric materials, flexoelectricity theoretically exists in all dielectric materials. However, most work on the electromechanical energy conversion potential of 2D materials has focused on their piezoelectric and not flexoelectric behavior and properties. In the present paper, we demonstrate that the intrinsic structural asymmetry present in monolayer Janus transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) enables significant flexoelectric properties. We report these flexoelectric properties using a recently developed charge-dipole model that couples with classical molecular dynamics simulations. By employing a prescribed bending deformation, we directly calculate the flexoelectric constants while eliminating the piezoelectric contribution to the polarization. We find that the flexoelectric response of a Janus TMDC is positively correlated to its initial degree of asymmetry, which contributes to stronger $\ensuremath{\sigma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\sigma}$ interactions as the initial degree of asymmetry rises. In addition, the high transfer of charge across atoms in Janus TMDCs leads to larger electric fields due to $\ensuremath{\pi}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\sigma}$ coupling. These enhanced $\ensuremath{\sigma}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\sigma}$ and $\ensuremath{\pi}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\sigma}$ interactions are found to cause the flexoelectric coefficients of the Janus TMDCs to be several times higher than traditional TMDCs, such as ${\mathrm{MoS}}_{2}$, whose flexoelectric constant is already ten times larger than graphene.

Full Text
View/download PDF

271. Measurement of branching fractions for exclusive B decays to charmonium final states

Author

Maria Grazia Pia, Stephane T'Jampens, J. P. Lees, Ch Yèche, T. J. Wenaus, C. Hast, Helen R. Quinn, Wolfgang Walkowiak, M. Turcotte, A. P. Onuchin, A. V. Gritsan, A. B. Breon, M. S. Gill, D. J. Knowles, Krisztian Peters, R. Frey, J. M. Bauer, S. McMahon, A. A. Salnikov, E. I. Rosenberg, P. F. Harrison, J. R. Johnson, A. W. Weidemann, A. V. Telnov, P. Kim, N. Savvas, R. N. Cahn, C. Dallapiccola, S. Otto, J. W. Lamsa, E. Roussot, N. K. Copty, M. Carpinelli, M. Dickopp, A. Kirk, M. Benkebil, A. Soffer, Wouter Verkerke, S. Versille, C. Thiebaux, A. Gaidot, H. Staengle, D. J. Payne, J. A. McKenna, F. Ferroni, E. Paoloni, J. Schwiening, G. Calderini, Johann Cohen-Tanugi, S. L. Levy, F. Sandrelli, A. Khan, S. H. Robertson, A. De Silva, R. W. Kadel, M. Folegani, A. Palano, G. P. Gopal, D. Zanin, M. R. Monge, S. Willocq, Patrick Robbe, D. Thiessen, E.D. Frank, S. Kluth, S. Dasu, D. G. Hitlin, G. Cavoto, R. P. Johnson, G. Vuagnin, M.L. Aspinwall, P. Sanders, M. Booke, Douglas Wright, A. Tumanov, W. H. Toki, S. Christ, G. S. Abrams, A. Lu, P.B. Vidal, Elliott D. Bloom, P. M. Patel, S. W. O'Neale, G. De Domenico, Daniel Johnson, J. Olsen, K. Goetzen, R. E. Schmitz, S. Farinon, G. Michelon, T. Schietinger, Scott D. Metzler, M. T. Ronan, C. D. Buchanan, P.A. Fischer, D. M. Strom, H. A. Tanaka, Yu I. Skovpen, G. W. London, K. Paick, D. E. Dorfan, A. Dorigo, Michael S. Witherell, D. N. Brown, V. E. Blinov, P. G. Bright-Thomas, J. R. Schieck, J. Cochran, M. R. Convery, F. Di Lodovico, L. Gladney, L. Lanceri, J. L. Harton, Bernard Aubert, B. Spaan, A. Frey, U. Mallik, T.L. Geld, A. Romosan, Zongfu Yu, R. Faccini, Marco Pallavicini, H. Briand, G. Rizzo, C. Campagnari, F. Le Diberder, C. Cartaro, Ren-Yuan Zhu, E. Maly, C. Patrignani, F. Bulos, P. J. Oddone, V. Tisserand, J. Zhang, C. Bula, Marcella Bona, M. Doser, A. Olivas, N. Kuznetsova, A. D. Bukin, I. M. Peruzzi, G. Lynch, H. Marsiske, E. Treadwell, S. Yang, Francesco Fabozzi, G. Vasileiadis, J. Chauveau, J. Trischuk, A. Samuel, Tiehui Liu, F. Dal Corso, T. I. Meyer, A. Kurup, Matteo Rama, James G. Smith, J. H. von Wimmersperg-Toeller, Vladimir Ivanchenko, C. Priano, E. Gabathuler, P. David, R. Schwierz, R. Baldini-Ferroli, Mauro Morandin, A. N. Yushkov, V. Brigljević, David W.G.S. Leith, Ezio Torassa, L. T. Kerth, K. Arisaka, J. D. McFall, T. J. Harrison, D. M. Wright, H. M. Lacker, A. M. Lutz, D.P. Coupal, G. Dahlinger, T. S. Mattison, D. A. Sanders, J. Va'vra, D. Del Re, Richard Mount, J. Oyang, K. T. Flood, J.J. Reidy, P. Dixon, Roland Bernet, J. A. Kadyk, A. Anjomshoaa, G. A. Cowan, D.L. Wagner, L. Cremaldi, H. L. Lynch, R. G. Jacobsen, Pierre-Francois Giraud, A. Santroni, S. F. Schaffner, Jordan Nash, M. Lo Vetere, O. Hamon, S. J. Yellin, M. I. Williams, Marcel Kunze, D.A. Bukin, J.E. Swain, M. Piccolo, C. C. Young, P. Bloom, X. C. Lou, B. Lewandowski, J. E. Brau, N. D. Qi, R. Aleksan, S. Devmal, D. J. Lange, G. Piredda, M. Grothe, Y. Xie, N. B. Sinev, H. W. Shorthouse, R. Hamilton, H. R. Band, R. Seitz, J. Y. Nief, Mathieu Langer, M. Falbo, A. Dvoretskii, J. C. Chen, Y. S. Zhu, S. Sen, Nicola Cavallo, Alexander Grillo, M. Iwasaki, T.M.B. Kordich, L. Turnbull, Marcello Rotondo, N. R. Barlow, S. J. Sekula, H. Koch, S. Ferrag, D. Gamba, A. K. McKemey, V. G. Shelkov, B. N. Ratcliff, S. Dittongo, Harold S. Park, Paola Grosso, W. S. Lockman, L. Piemontese, I. Kitayama, S. I. Serednyakov, B. Abbott, L. Del Buono, A. J.S. Smith, J. Roy, M. K. Sullivan, A. Pompili, A. Roodman, B. A. Schumm, A. Höcker, T. Brandt, H. A. Neal, E. Chen, Q. H. Guo, A. Ryd, P.F. Manfredi, M. Turri, S. M. Spanier, T. Pulliam, Roland Waldi, Tim Adye, A. Valassi, Sh. Rahatlou, R. S. Panvini, Klaus R. Schubert, D. Falciai, P.L. Anthony, Y. Karyotakis, P. Rankin, U. Nauenberg, J.M. Gaillard, G. De Nardo, G. Eigen, A. Snyder, F. Palombo, C. De La Vaissiere, D. A. Bowerman, Valerio Re, G. Triggiani, R. C. Field, F. Salvatore, K.C. Moffeit, Francesco Lanni, P. Strother, V. Speziali, A. B. Meyer, M. Krishnamurthy, A. Soha, S. J. Gowdy, S. Luitz, J. Lory, V. Lillard, V. Luth, I.J. Scott, Nicola Neri, Jeffrey Richman, Yu. G. Kolomensky, F. C. Porter, R.J.L. Potter, C. M. Hawkes, X. Shi, T. Deppermann, J.H. Panetta, Giampiero Mancinelli, M. M. Macri, G. Batignani, D.H. Coward, R. M. Bionta, A. Jawahery, G. Hamel de Monchenault, S. Bettarini, A. Hicheur, F. X. Yumiceva, E. Charles, T. Schalk, J. Blouw, Amir Farbin, P. J. Clark, K. T. McDonald, Pierluigi Paolucci, M. A. Mazzoni, T. Handler, G. Wormser, William J. Wisniewski, Marie Helene Schune, T. Colberg, R. J. Sloane, N. J.W. Gunawardane, C. Lu, G. Blaylock, R. H. Schindler, R. S. Dubitzky, C. LeClerc, M. Morii, S. Emery, Jamie Boyd, R. Stroili, F. Galeazzi, P. Patteri, G.P. Chen, Robert Wilson, Nigel Watson, S. Playfer, C. Gatto, C. P. O'Grady, M. Serra, Hartmut Sadrozinski, E.T. Simopoulos, H. Nicholson, V. B. Golubev, H. B. Crawley, Stefania Xella, T. A. Gabriel, I. Eschrich, T. Himel, A. Zallo, Patricia R. Burchat, Jane S. Tinslay, Roger Barlow, Martino Margoni, Sven Menke, P. Reinertsen, J.F. Kral, S. Petrak, M. L. Perl, Joseph Izen, Brian Meadows, E. W. Varnes, R. Kroeger, C. Borean, W. Dunwoodie, D. A. Roberts, M. Momayezi, Walter R. Innes, J. R. Fry, B. Franek, N. A. Roe, D. J. Summers, W. C. van Hoek, William T. Ford, M. Steinke, D. Judd, M. Verderi, C. H. Cheng, B. Di Girolamo, L.S. Rochester, H. Schmuecker, G. Crosetti, Enrico Robutti, R. de Sangro, Luca Lista, J. P. Martin, V.V. Serbo, D. Su, N. I. Geddes, C.S. Sutton, Lydia Roos, J. Fullwood, M. G. Wilson, R. C. Penny, F.C. Pastore, F. E. Taylor, Peter Elmer, M. Morganti, C. Sciacca, J.C. Andress, A. M. Eisner, F. Safai Tehrani, S. Prell, G. Vasseur, David Wallom, C. Angelini, A. A. Korol, Franz Muheim, V. Lepeltier, John M. LoSecco, M. Zito, R. K. Yamamoto, Wahid Bhimji, K. Baird, M. G. Green, John Allison, M. Benayoun, M.E. Huffer, G. Grosdidier, D. D. Brown, R. Bartoldus, H. Singh, D. Bernard, J. G. Branson, W. Kroeger, Davide Piccolo, H. Hu, S. Fahey, R. Kowalewski, I. Adam, M.O. Dima, C. P. Jessop, R. Liu, George Lafferty, P. D. Dauncey, M. Kay, G.L. Godfrey, Emilio Leonardi, Sau Lan Wu, F. Colecchia, C. L. Davis, G. P. Dubois-Felsmann, T. B. Moore, A. Calcaterra, W. Kozanecki, F. Anulli, B. Serfass, V. Zacek, S. Jayatilleke, A. M. Eichenbaum, W. T. Meyer, John Back, D. S. Best, O. Long, T. R. McMahon, R. Musenich, U. Langenegger, S. R. Wagner, Mario Giorgi, T. Dignan, G. R. Bonneaud, S. Morganti, J. J. Walsh, M. V. Purohit, Robert Henderson, M. George, A. J.R. Weinstein, F. Bianchi, W. N. Cottingham, K. Fratini, C. E. Marker, Pu Wang, M. Pripstein, V. I. Telnov, K. van Bibber, J.H. Weatherall, B. Foster, Vivek Sharma, David J. Smith, Craig R. Wuest, Michael C. Carroll, C. A. Heusch, R. Prepost, S. Bagnasco, Teresa Barillari, Andrew Lankford, Dc Williams, T. Glanzman, N. De Groot, W. M. Bugg, E. A. Kravchenko, N. Dyce, Alberto Lusiani, C. Voci, E. Lamanna, B. Stugu, D. B. MacFarlane, G. Sciolla, S. F. Ganzhur, D. Aston, J. M. Dorfan, F. Jackson, M. Bondioli, J. Brose, J.R.G. Alsmiller, Fergus Wilson, C. Roat, D. P. Stoker, R. Contri, R. Claus, L. Wilden, P.A. Hart, J. Albert, Ralph Müller-Pfefferkorn, Janice Button-Shafer, J. Stelzer, Amir Ahsan, A. M. Boyarski, M. L. Kocian, Ph Leruste, S. Jolly, L. Behr, G. Raven, M. D. Sokoloff, C. M. Brown, M. Mandelkern, B. Mayer, Y. Pan, R. Parodi, S. Ricciardi, A. R. Clark, H. Zobernig, Michael Levi, B. Brau, C. Touramanis, H. O. Cohn, A. W. Borgland, D.E. Azzopardi, V. Miftakov, Kazuo Abe, F. Simonetto, R. R. Kofler, D. E. Wagoner, Gabriele Simi, A. Seiden, R. Gamet, A. R. Buzykaev, M. Haire, G. Vaitsas, B. Dahmes, D. Boutigny, D. Kirkby, A. T. Watson, S. Trincaz-Duvoid, P. Fabbricatore, M. Mugge, M. H. Kelsey, Ulrik Egede, J. Krug, F. Forti, R. Cowan, R. Messner, G. Rong, M. Weaver, V. Eschenburg, P. Taras, S. George, G. Finocchiaro, A. Smol, C. Bozzi, P. McGrath, C. Hearty, F. Ferrarotto, F. Brochard, S. B. Chun, J. M. Roney, S. S. Hertzbach, S. Passaggio, Y. Groysman, Alessandra Forti, J. Nielsen, A. Buzzo, Jan Stark, A. Perazzo, M. Milek, C. Voena, F. Martinez-Vidal, Dominik Müller, W. A. Wenzel, Stéphane Plaszczynski, N. Chevalier, M. Posocco, J. Beringer, Ingrid U. Scott, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BABAR, Aubert, B., Boutigny, D., Gaillard, J. M., Hicheur, A., Karyotakis, Y., Lees, J., Robbe, P., Tisserand, V., Palano, A., Chen, G., Chen, J., Qi, N., Rong, G., Wang, P., Zhu, Y., Eigen, G., Reinertsen, P., Stugu, B., Abbott, B., Abrams, G., Borgland, A., Breon, A., Brown, D., Button Shafer, J., Cahn, R., Clark, A., Gill, M., Gritsan, A., Groysman, Y., Jacobsen, R., Kadel, R., Kadyk, J., Kerth, L., Kluth, S., Kolomensky, Y. u., Kral, J., Leclerc, C., Levi, M., Liu, T., Lynch, G., Meyer, A., Momayezi, M., Oddone, P., Perazzo, A., Pripstein, M., Roe, N., Romosan, A., Ronan, M., Shelkov, V., Telnov, A., Wenzel, W., Bright Thomas, P., Harrison, T., Hawkes, C., Kirk, A., Knowles, D., O’Neale, S., Penny, R., Watson, A., Watson, N., Deppermann, T., Goetzen, K., Koch, H., Krug, J., Kunze, M., Lewandowski, B., Peters, K., Schmuecker, H., Steinke, M., Andress, J., Barlow, N., Bhimji, W., Chevalier, N., Clark, P., Cottingham, W., De Groot, N., Dyce, N., Foster, B., Mcfall, J., Wallom, D., Wilson, F., Abe, K., Hearty, C., Mattison, T., Mckenna, J., Thiessen, D., Jolly, S., Mckemey, A., Tinslay, J., Blinov, V., Bukin, A., Bukin, D., Buzykaev, A., Golubev, V., Ivanchenko, V., Korol, A., Kravchenko, E., Onuchin, A., Salnikov, A., Serednyakov, S., Skovpen, Y. u., Telnov, V., Yushkov, A., Best, D., Lankford, A., Mandelkern, M., Mcmahon, S., Stoker, D., Ahsan, A., Arisaka, K., Buchanan, C., Chun, S., Branson, J., Macfarlane, D., Prell, S., Rahatlou, S. h., Raven, G., Sharma, V., Campagnari, C., Dahmes, B., Hart, P., Kuznetsova, N., Levy, S., Long, O., Lu, A., Richman, J., Verkerke, W., Witherell, M., Yellin, S., Beringer, J., Dorfan, D., Eisner, A., Frey, A., Grillo, A., Grothe, M., Heusch, C., Johnson, R., Kroeger, W., Lockman, W., Pulliam, T., Sadrozinski, H., Schalk, T., Schmitz, R., Schumm, B., Seiden, A., Turri, M., Walkowiak, W., Williams, D., Wilson, M., Chen, E., Dubois Felsmann, G., Dvoretskii, A., Hitlin, D., Metzler, S., Oyang, J., Porter, F., Ryd, A., Samuel, A., Weaver, M., Yang, S., Zhu, R., Devmal, S., Geld, T., Jayatilleke, S., Mancinelli, G., Meadows, B., Sokoloff, M., Barillari, T., Bloom, P., Dima, M., Fahey, S., Ford, W., Johnson, D., Nauenberg, U., Olivas, A., Park, H., Rankin, P., Roy, J., Sen, S., Smith, J., van Hoek, W., Wagner, D., Blouw, J., Harton, J., Krishnamurthy, M., Soffer, A., Toki, W., Wilson, R., Zhang, J., Brandt, T., Brose, J., Colberg, T., Dahlinger, G., Dickopp, M., Dubitzky, R., Maly, E., Müller Pfefferkorn, R., Otto, S., Schubert, K., Schwierz, R., Spaan, B., Wilden, L., Behr, L., Bernard, D., Bonneaud, G., Brochard, F., Cohen Tanugi, J., Ferrag, S., Roussot, E., T’Jampens, S., Thiebaux, C., Vasileiadis, G., Verderi, M., Anjomshoaa, A., Bernet, R., Khan, A., Muheim, F., Playfer, S., Swain, J., Falbo, M., Borean, C., Bozzi, C., Dittongo, S., Folegani, M., Piemontese, L., Treadwell, E., Anulli, F., Baldini Ferroli, R., Calcaterra, A., de Sangro, R., Falciai, D., Finocchiaro, G., Patteri, P., Peruzzi, I., Piccolo, M., Xie, Y., Zallo, A., Bagnasco, S., Buzzo, A., Contri, R., Crosetti, G., Fabbricatore, P., Farinon, S., Lo Vetere, M., Macri, M., Monge, M., Musenich, R., Pallavicini, M., Parodi, R., Passaggio, S., Pastore, F., Patrignani, C., Pia, M., Priano, C., Robutti, E., Santroni, A., Morii, M., Bartoldus, R., Dignan, T., Hamilton, R., Mallik, U., Cochran, J., Crawley, H., Fischer, P. A., Lamsa, J., Meyer, W., Rosenberg, E., Benkebil, M., Grosdidier, G., Hast, C., Höcker, A., Lacker, H., Lepeltier, V., Lutz, A., Plaszczynski, S., Schune, M., Trincaz Duvoid, S., Valassi, A., Wormser, G., Bionta, R., Brigljević, V., Lange, D., Mugge, M., Shi, X., van Bibber, K., Wenaus, T., Wright, D., Wuest, C., Carroll, M., Fry, J., Gabathuler, E., Gamet, R., George, M., Kay, M., Payne, D., Sloane, R., Touramanis, C., Aspinwall, M., Bowerman, D., Dauncey, P., Egede, U., Eschrich, I., Gunawardane, N., Nash, J., Sanders, P., Smith, D., Azzopardi, D., Back, J., Dixon, P., Harrison, P., Potter, R., Shorthouse, H., Strother, P., Vidal, P., Williams, M., Cowan, G., George, S., Green, M., Kurup, A., Marker, C., Mcgrath, P., Mcmahon, T., Ricciardi, S., Salvatore, F., Scott, I., Vaitsas, G., Davis, C., Allison, J., Barlow, R., Boyd, J., Forti, A., Fullwood, J., Jackson, F., Lafferty, G., Savvas, N., Simopoulos, E., Weatherall, J., Farbin, A., Jawahery, A., Lillard, V., Olsen, J., Roberts, D., Schieck, J., Blaylock, G., Dallapiccola, C., Flood, K., Hertzbach, S., Kofler, R., Moore, T., Staengle, H., Willocq, S., Brau, B., Cowan, R., Sciolla, G., Taylor, F., Yamamoto, R., Milek, M., Patel, P., Trischuk, J., Lanni, F., Palombo, F., Bauer, J., Booke, M., Cremaldi, L., Eschenburg, V., Kroeger, R., Reidy, J., Sanders, D., Summers, D., Martin, J., Nief, J., Seitz, R., Taras, P., Zacek, V., Nicholson, H., Sutton, C., Cartaro, C., Cavallo, N., DE NARDO, Guglielmo, Fabozzi, F., Gatto, C., Lista, L., Paolucci, P., Piccolo, D., Sciacca, Crisostomo, Losecco, J., Alsmiller, J., Gabriel, T., Handler, T., Brau, J., Frey, R., Iwasaki, M., Sinev, N., Strom, D., Colecchia, F., Dal Corso, F., Dorigo, A., Galeazzi, F., Margoni, M., Michelon, G., Morandin, M., Posocco, M., Rotondo, M., Simonetto, F., Stroili, R., Torassa, E., Voci, C., Benayoun, M., Briand, H., Chauveau, J., David, P., De la Vaissière, C., Del Buono, L., Hamon, O., Le Diberder, F., Leruste, P. h., Lory, J., Roos, L., Stark, J., Versillé, S., Manfredi, P., Re, V., Speziali, V., Frank, E., Gladney, L., Guo, Q., Panetta, J., Angelini, C., Batignani, G., Bettarini, S., Bondioli, M., Carpinelli, M., Forti, F., Giorgi, M., Lusiani, A., Martinez Vidal, F., Morganti, M., Neri, N., Paoloni, E., Rama, M., Rizzo, G., Sandrelli, F., Simi, G., Triggiani, G., Walsh, J., Haire, M., Judd, D., Paick, K., Turnbull, L., Wagoner, D., Albert, J., Bula, C., Elmer, P., Lu, C., Mcdonald, K., Miftakov, V., Schaffner, S., Smith, A., Tumanov, A., Varnes, E., Cavoto, G., del Re, D., Ferrarotto, F., Ferroni, F., Fratini, K., Lamanna, E., Leonardi, E., Mazzoni, M., Morganti, S., Piredda, G., Tehrani, F., Serra, M., Voena, C., Faccini, R., Christ, S., Waldi, R., Adye, T., Franek, B., Geddes, N., Gopal, G., Xella, S., Aleksan, R., De Domenico, G., Emery, S., Gaidot, A., Ganzhur, S., Giraud, P. F., Hamel de Monchenault, G., Kozanecki, W., Langer, M., London, G., Mayer, B., Serfass, B., Vasseur, G., Yeche, C., Zito, M., Copty, N., Purohit, M., Singh, H., Yumiceva, F., Adam, I., Anthony, P., Aston, D., Baird, K., Bloom, E., Boyarski, A., Bulos, F., Calderini, G., Claus, R., Convery, M., Coupal, D., Coward, D., Dorfan, J., Doser, M., Dunwoodie, W., Field, R., Glanzman, T., Godfrey, G., Gowdy, S., Grosso, P., Himel, T., Huffer, M., Innes, W., Jessop, C., Kelsey, M., Kim, P., Kocian, M., Langenegger, U., Leith, D., Luitz, S., Luth, V., Lynch, H., Marsiske, H., Menke, S., Messner, R., Moffeit, K., Mount, R., Muller, D., O’Grady, C., Perl, M., Petrak, S., Quinn, H., Ratcliff, B., Robertson, S., Rochester, L., Roodman, A., Schietinger, T., Schindler, R., Schwiening, J., Serbo, V., Snyder, A., Soha, A., Spanier, S., Stelzer, J., Su, D., Sullivan, M., Tanaka, H., Va’Vra, J., Wagner, S., Weinstein, A., Wisniewski, W., Young, C., Burchat, P., Cheng, C., Kirkby, D., Meyer, T., Roat, C., Henderson, R., Bugg, W., Cohn, H., Weidemann, A., Izen, J., Kitayama, I., Lou, X., Turcotte, M., Bianchi, F., Bona, M., Di Girolamo, B., Gamba, D., Smol, A., Zanin, D., Lanceri, L., Pompili, A., Vuagnin, G., Panvini, R., Brown, C., De Silva, A., Kowalewski, R., Roney, J., Band, H., Charles, E., Dasu, S., Di Lodovico, F., Eichenbaum, A., Hu, H., Johnson, J., Liu, R., Nielsen, J., Pan, Y., Prepost, R., Sekula, S., von Wimmersperg Toeller, J., Wu, S., Yu, Z., Zobernig, H., Kordich, T., Neal, H., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), (Astro)-Particles Physics, Aubert, B, Boutigny, D, Gaillard, J, Hicheur, A, Karyotakis, Y, Lees, J, Robbe, P, Tisserand, V, Palano, A, Chen, G, Chen, J, Qi, N, Rong, G, Wang, P, Zhu, Y, Eigen, G, Reinertsen, P, Stugu, B, Abbott, B, Abrams, G, Borgland, A, Breon, A, Brown, D, Button Shafer, J, Cahn, R, Clark, A, Gill, M, Gritsan, A, Groysman, Y, Jacobsen, R, Kadel, R, Kadyk, J, Kerth, L, Kluth, S, Kolomensky, Y, Kral, J, Leclerc, C, Levi, M, Liu, T, Lynch, G, Meyer, A, Momayezi, M, Oddone, P, Perazzo, A, Pripstein, M, Roe, N, Romosan, A, Ronan, M, Shelkov, V, Telnov, A, Wenzel, W, Bright Thomas, P, Harrison, T, Hawkes, C, Kirk, A, Knowles, D, O'Neale, S, Penny, R, Watson, A, Watson, N, Deppermann, T, Goetzen, K, Koch, H, Krug, J, Kunze, M, Lewandowski, B, Peters, K, Schmuecker, H, Steinke, M, Andress, J, Barlow, N, Bhimji, W, Chevalier, N, Clark, P, Cottingham, W, De Groot, N, Dyce, N, Foster, B, Mcfall, J, Wallom, D, Wilson, F, Abe, K, Hearty, C, Mattison, T, Mckenna, J, Thiessen, D, Jolly, S, Mckemey, A, Tinslay, J, Blinov, V, Bukin, A, Bukin, D, Buzykaev, A, Golubev, V, Ivanchenko, V, Korol, A, Kravchenko, E, Onuchin, A, Salnikov, A, Serednyakov, S, Skovpen, Y, Telnov, V, Yushkov, A, Best, D, Lankford, A, Mandelkern, M, Mcmahon, S, Stoker, D, Ahsan, A, Arisaka, K, Buchanan, C, Chun, S, Branson, J, Macfarlane, D, Prell, S, Rahatlou, S, Raven, G, Sharma, V, Campagnari, C, Dahmes, B, Hart, P, Kuznetsova, N, Levy, S, Long, O, Lu, A, Richman, J, Verkerke, W, Witherell, M, Yellin, S, Beringer, J, Dorfan, D, Eisner, A, Frey, A, Grillo, A, Grothe, M, Heusch, C, Johnson, R, Kroeger, W, Lockman, W, Pulliam, T, Sadrozinski, H, Schalk, T, Schmitz, R, Schumm, B, Seiden, A, Turri, M, Walkowiak, W, Williams, D, Wilson, M, Chen, E, Dubois Felsmann, G, Dvoretskii, A, Hitlin, D, Metzler, S, Oyang, J, Porter, F, Ryd, A, Samuel, A, Weaver, M, Yang, S, Zhu, R, Devmal, S, Geld, T, Jayatilleke, S, Mancinelli, G, Meadows, B, Sokoloff, M, Barillari, T, Bloom, P, Dima, M, Fahey, S, Ford, W, Johnson, D, Nauenberg, U, Olivas, A, Park, H, Rankin, P, Roy, J, Sen, S, Smith, J, van Hoek, W, Wagner, D, Blouw, J, Harton, J, Krishnamurthy, M, Soffer, A, Toki, W, Wilson, R, Zhang, J, Brandt, T, Brose, J, Colberg, T, Dahlinger, G, Dickopp, M, Dubitzky, R, Maly, E, Muller Pfefferkorn, R, Otto, S, Schubert, K, Schwierz, R, Spaan, B, Wilden, L, Behr, L, Bernard, D, Bonneaud, G, Brochard, F, Cohen Tanugi, J, Ferrag, S, Roussot, E, T'Jampens, S, Thiebaux, C, Vasileiadis, G, Verderi, M, Anjomshoaa, A, Bernet, R, Khan, A, Muheim, F, Playfer, S, Swain, J, Falbo, M, Borean, C, Bozzi, C, Dittongo, S, Folegani, M, Piemontese, L, Treadwell, E, Anulli, F, Baldini Ferroli, R, Calcaterra, A, de Sangro, R, Falciai, D, Finocchiaro, G, Patteri, P, Peruzzi, I, Piccolo, M, Xie, Y, Zallo, A, Bagnasco, S, Buzzo, A, Contri, R, Crosetti, G, Fabbricatore, P, Farinon, S, Lo Vetere, M, Macri, M, Monge, M, Musenich, R, Pallavicini, M, Parodi, R, Passaggio, S, Pastore, F, Patrignani, C, Pia, M, Priano, C, Robutti, E, Santroni, A, Morii, M, Bartoldus, R, Dignan, T, Hamilton, R, Mallik, U, Cochran, J, Crawley, H, Fischer, P, Lamsa, J, Meyer, W, Rosenberg, E, Benkebil, N, Grosdidier, G, Hast, C, Hocker, A, Lacker, H, Lepeltier, V, Lutz, A, Plaszczynski, S, Schune, M, Trincaz Duvoid, S, Valassi, A, Wormser, G, Bionta, R, Brigljevic, V, Lange, D, Mugge, M, Shi, X, van Bibber, K, Wenaus, T, Wright, D, Wuest, C, Carroll, M, Fry, J, Gabathuler, E, Gamet, R, George, M, Kay, A, Payne, D, Sloane, R, Touramanis, C, Aspinwall, M, Bowerman, D, Dauncey, P, Egede, U, Eschrich, I, Gunawardane, N, Nash, J, Sanders, P, Smith, D, Azzopardi, D, Back, J, Dixon, P, Harrison, P, Potter, R, Shorthouse, H, Strother, P, Vidal, P, Williams, M, Cowan, G, George, S, Green, M, Kurup, A, Marker, C, Mcgrath, P, Mcmahon, T, Ricciardi, S, Salvatore, F, Scott, I, Vaitsas, G, Davis, C, Allison, J, Barlow, R, Boyd, J, Forti, A, Fullwood, J, Jackson, F, Lafferty, G, Savvas, N, Simopoulos, E, Weatherall, J, Farbin, A, Jawahery, A, Lillard, V, Olsen, J, Roberts, D, Schieck, J, Blaylock, G, Dallapiccola, C, Flood, K, Hertzbach, S, Kofler, R, Moore, T, Staengle, H, Willocq, S, Brau, B, Cowan, R, Sciolla, G, Taylor, F, Yamamoto, R, Milek, M, Patel, P, Trischuk, J, Lanni, F, Palombo, F, Bauer, J, Booke, M, Cremaldi, L, Eschenburg, V, Kroeger, R, Reidy, J, Sanders, D, Summers, D, Martin, J, Nief, J, Seitz, R, Taras, P, Zacek, V, Nicholson, H, Sutton, C, Cartaro, C, Cavallo, N, De Nardo, G, Fabozzi, F, Gatto, C, Lista, L, Paolucci, P, Piccolo, D, Sciacca, C, Losecco, J, Alsmiller, J, Gabriel, T, Handler, I, Brau, J, Frey, R, Iwasaki, M, Sinev, N, Strom, D, Colecchia, F, Dal Corso, F, Dorigo, A, Galeazzi, F, Margoni, M, Michelon, G, Morandin, M, Posocco, M, Rotondo, M, Simonetto, F, Stroili, R, Torassa, E, Voci, C, Benayoun, M, Briand, H, Chauveau, J, David, P, De la Vaissiere, C, Del Buono, L, Hamon, O, Le Diberder, F, Leruste, P, Lory, J, Roos, L, Stark, J, Versille, S, Manfredi, P, Re, V, Speziali, V, Frank, E, Gladney, L, Guo, Q, Panetta, J, Angelini, C, Batignani, G, Bettarini, S, Bondioli, M, Carpinelli, M, Forti, F, Giorgi, M, Lusiani, A, Martinez Vidal, F, Morganti, M, Neri, N, Paoloni, E, Rama, M, Rizzo, G, Sandrelli, F, Simi, G, Triggiani, G, Walsh, J, Haire, M, Judd, D, Paick, K, Turnbull, L, Wagoner, D, Albert, J, Bula, C, Elmer, P, Lu, C, Mcdonald, K, Miftakov, V, Schaffner, S, Smith, A, Tumanov, A, Varnes, E, Cavoto, G, del Re, D, Ferrarotto, F, Ferroni, F, Fratini, K, Lamanna, E, Leonardi, E, Mazzoni, M, Morganti, S, Piredda, G, Tehrani, F, Serra, M, Voena, C, Faccini, R, Christ, S, Waldi, R, Adye, T, Franek, B, Geddes, N, Gopal, G, Xella, M, Aleksan, R, De Domenico, G, Emery, S, Gaidot, A, Ganzhur, S, Giraud, P, de Monchenault, G, Kozanecki, W, Langer, M, London, G, Mayer, B, Serfass, B, Vasseur, G, Yeche, C, Zito, M, Copty, N, Purohit, M, Singh, H, Yumiceva, F, Adam, I, Anthony, P, Aston, D, Baird, K, Bloom, E, Boyarski, A, Bulos, F, Calderini, G, Claus, R, Convery, M, Coupal, D, Coward, D, Dorfan, J, Doser, M, Dunwoodie, W, Field, R, Glanzman, T, Godfrey, L, Gowdy, S, Grosso, P, Himel, T, Huffer, M, Innes, W, Jessop, C, Kelsey, M, Kim, P, Kocian, M, Langenegger, U, Leith, D, Luitz, S, Luth, V, Lynch, H, Marsiske, H, Menke, S, Messner, R, Moffeit, K, Mount, R, Muller, D, O'Grady, C, Perl, M, Petrak, S, Quinn, H, Ratcliff, B, Robertson, S, Rochester, L, Roodman, A, Schietinger, T, Schindler, R, Schwiening, J, Serbo, V, Snyder, A, Soha, A, Spanier, S, Stelzer, J, Su, D, Sullivan, M, Tanaka, H, Va'Vra, J, Wagner, S, Weinstein, A, Wisniewski, W, Young, C, Burchat, P, Cheng, C, Kirkby, D, Meyer, T, Roat, C, Henderson, R, Bugg, W, Cohn, H, Weidemann, A, Izen, J, Kitayama, I, Lou, X, Turcotte, M, Bianchi, F, Bona, M, Di Girolamo, B, Gamba, D, Smol, A, Zanin, D, Lanceri, L, Pompili, A, Vuagnin, G, Panvini, R, Brown, C, De Silva, A, Kowalewski, R, Roney, J, Band, H, Charles, E, Dasu, S, Di Lodovico, F, Eichenbaum, A, Hu, H, Johnson, J, Liu, R, Nielsen, J, Pan, Y, Prepost, R, Sekula, S, von Wimmerspeig Toeller, J, Wu, S, Yu, Z, Zobernig, H, Kordich, T, Neal, H, and Kerec, Hélène

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Meson, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Lattice, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Linear particle accelerator, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Particle decay, law, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], B meson, Quantum Chromodynamics, 010306 general physics, Physics, CP Violation, Mesons, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Branching fraction, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Particle accelerator, BABAR detector, J/psi meson, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

We report branching fraction measurements for exclusive decays of charged and neutral B mesons into two-body final states containing a charmonium meson. We use a sample of 22.72 +/- 0.36 million B anti-B events collected between October 1999 and October 2000 with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II storage rings at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. The charmonium mesons considered here are J/psi, psi(2S), and chi_c1, and the light meson in the decay is either a K, K^*, or pi^0., 25 pages, 15 figures, 10 tables, submitted to Physical Review D

272. Irreversible crumpling of graphene from hydrostatic and biaxial compression.

Author

Jing Wan, Jin-Wu Jiang, and Harold S Park

Subjects
GRAPHENE, HYDROSTATICS, MOLECULAR dynamics
Abstract

We perform molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the irreversibility of crumpled graphene obtained by hydrostatic or biaxial compression. Our results show that there is a critical degree of crumpling, above which the crumpling is irreversible after the external force is removed. The critical degree of irreversible crumpling is closely related to the self-adhesion phenomenon of graphene, which leads to a step-like jump or decrease in the adhesion energy. We find the critical degree of crumpling is about 0.5 or 0.55 for hydrostatic or biaxial compression, which matches analytic predictions based on a competition between adhesive and bending energies in folded graphene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

273. Atomistic modeling at experimental strain rates and timescales.

Author

Xin Yan, Penghui Cao, Weiwei Tao, Pradeep Sharma, and Harold S Park

Subjects
MOLECULAR dynamics, TIMESCALE number, COMPUTER simulation
Abstract

Modeling physical phenomena with atomistic fidelity and at laboratory timescales is one of the holy grails of computational materials science. Conventional molecular dynamics (MD) simulations enable the elucidation of an astonishing array of phenomena inherent in the mechanical and chemical behavior of materials. However, conventional MD, with our current computational modalities, is incapable of resolving timescales longer than microseconds (at best). In this short review article, we briefly review a recently proposed approach—the so-called autonomous basin climbing (ABC) method—that in certain instances can provide valuable information on slow timescale processes. We provide a general summary of the principles underlying the ABC approach, with emphasis on recent methodological developments enabling the study of mechanically-driven processes at slow (experimental) strain rates and timescales. Specifically, we show that by combining a strong physical understanding of the underlying phenomena, kinetic Monte Carlo, transition state theory and minimum energy pathway methods, the ABC method has been found to be useful in a variety of mechanically-driven problems ranging from the prediction of creep-behavior in metals, constitutive laws for grain boundary sliding, void nucleation rates, diffusion in amorphous materials to protein unfolding. Aside from reviewing the basic ideas underlying this approach, we emphasize some of the key challenges encountered in our own personal research work and suggest future research avenues for exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

275. Strain effects on the SERS enhancements for spherical silver nanoparticles.

Author

Xiaohu Qian and Harold S Park

Subjects
*NANOPARTICLES, *OPTICAL properties, *SILVER compounds, *RAMAN spectroscopy, *DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics), *STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics), *SURFACE plasmon resonance
Abstract

We demonstrate in the present work through the utilization of classical Mie scattering theory in conjunction with a radiation damping and dynamic depolarization-corrected electrostatic approximation the significant effect that mechanical strain has on the optical properties of spherical silver nanoparticles. Through appropriate modifications of the bulk dielectric functions, we find that the application of tensile strain generates significant enhancements in the local electric field for the silver nanoparticles, leading to large SERS enhancements of more than 300% compared to bulk, unstrained nanoparticles when a 5% tensile strain is applied. While the strain-induced SERS enhancements are found to be strongest for nanoparticle diameters where radiation damping effects are minimized, we find that the surface plasmon resonance wavelengths are relatively unchanged by mechanical strain, and that the various measures of the far field optical efficiencies (absorption, scattering, extinction) can be enhanced by up to 150% through the application of tensile strain. The present findings indicate the opportunity to actively engineer and enhance the optical properties of silver nanoparticles through the application of mechanical deformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

276. A molecular simulation analysis of producing monatomic carbon chains by stretching ultranarrow graphene nanoribbons.

Author

Zenan Qi, Fengpeng Zhao, Xiaozhou Zhou, Zehui Sun, Harold S Park, and Hengan Wu

Subjects
MOLECULAR dynamics, SIMULATION methods & models, GRAPHENE, NANOSTRUCTURED materials, STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics), FRACTURE mechanics, MICROFABRICATION, FEASIBILITY studies
Abstract

Atomistic simulations were utilized to develop fundamental insights regarding the elongation process starting from ultranarrow graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and resulting in monatomic carbon chains (MACCs). There are three key findings. First, we demonstrate that complete, elongated, and stable MACCs with fracture strains exceeding 100% can be formed from both ultranarrow armchair and zigzag GNRs. Second, we demonstrate that the deformation processes leading to the MACCs have strong chirality dependence. Specifically, armchair GNRs first form DNA-like chains, then develop into monatomic chains by passing through an intermediate configuration in which monatomic chain sections are separated by two-atom attachments. In contrast, zigzag GNRs form rope-ladder-like chains through a process in which the carbon hexagons are first elongated into rectangles; these rectangles eventually coalesce into monatomic chains through a novel triangle-pentagon deformation structure under further tensile deformation. Finally, we show that the width of GNRs plays an important role in the formation of MACCs, and that the ultranarrow GNRs facilitate the formation of full MACCs. The present work should be of considerable interest due to the experimentally demonstrated feasibility of using narrow GNRs to fabricate novel nanoelectronic components based upon monatomic chains of carbon atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results