Author: "Farrar P" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Farrar P"' showing total 4,668 results

Start Over Author "Farrar P"

4,668 results on '"Farrar P"'

251. What is the nature and origin of the highest-energy particles in the universe?

Author: Sarazin, Fred, Anchordoqui, Luis, Beatty, James, Bergman, Douglas, Covault, Corbin, Farrar, Glennys, Krizmanic, John, Nitz, David, Olinto, Angela, Unger, Michael, Tinyakov, Peter, and Wiencke, Lawrence
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: This white paper was submitted to the US Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey (Astro2020) and defines the science questions to be answered in the next decade in the field of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic-Rays. Following a review of the recent experimental and theoretical advances in the field, the paper outlines strategies and requirements desirable for the design of future experiments., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2019

252. Particle Physics at Ultrahigh Energies

Author: Farrar, Glennys R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We explore particle physics beyond accelerator energies, motivated by questions exposed in astroparticle physics observations: 1) Are there reasonable modifications to the standard extrapolations of LHC-tuned hadronic interaction models, so that ultrahigh energy cosmic ray (UHECR) showers are well-described with a purely protonic primary composition rather than requiring a tuned, energy-dependent composition mixture as needed in conventional models? 2) What modifications to standard models can solve the deficiency in the predicted ground signal found in hybrid UHECR observations? We find that a pure proton composition provides an excellent fit to shower observations, if the QCD inelastic cross section increases more rapidly above $E_{\rm cm} \approx 60$ TeV than in conventional models, and speculate as to possible reasons this may happen; the "muon deficiency" can be cured by relatively minor modifications to particle ratios in unexplored kinematic regimes below and above LHC energies., Comment: This paper was prepared for the ISVHECRI 2014 proceedings, but never posted to the arXiv through an oversight. A few relevant subsequent citations have been added
Published: 2019

253. A Uniformly Selected, All-Sky, Optical AGN Catalog

Author: Zaw, Ingyin, Chen, Yan-Ping, and Farrar, Glennys R
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We have constructed an all-sky catalog of optical AGNs with $z < 0.09$, based on optical spectroscopy, from the parent sample of galaxies in the 2MASS Redshift Survey (2MRS), a near-complete census of the nearby universe. Our catalog consists of 1929 broad line AGNs, and 6562 narrow line AGNs which satisfy the \citet{Kauffmann03} criteria, of which 3607 also satisfy the \citet{Kewley01} criteria. We also report emission line widths, fluxes, flux errors, and signal-to-noise ratios of all the galaxies in our spectroscopic sample, allowing users to customize the selection criteria. Although we uniformly processed the spectra of galaxies from a homogeneous parent sample, inhomogeneities persist due to the differences in the quality of the obtained spectra, taken with different instruments, and the unavailability of spectra for $\sim$20\% of the galaxies. We quantify how the differences in spectral quality affect not only the AGN detection rates but also broad line to narrow line AGN ratios. We find that the inhomogeneities primarily stem from the continuum signal-to-noise (S/N) in the spectra near the emission lines of interest. We fit for the AGN fraction as a function of continuum S/N and assign AGN likelihoods to galaxies which were not identified as AGNs using the available spectra. This correction results in a catalog suitable for statistical studies. This work also paves the way for a truly homogeneous and complete nearby AGN catalog by identifying galaxies whose AGN status needs to be verified with higher quality spectra, quantifying the spectral quality necessary to do so., Comment: 30 pages, 24 figures, 5 tables
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

254. Data-driven estimation of the invisible energy of cosmic ray showers with the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Baur, S., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Biteau, J., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Convenga, F., Cooper, M. J., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Salles, F. O. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., Debatin, J., del Río, M., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Dundovic, A., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Ferreyro, L. P., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., García, B., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Holt, E. M., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Kuempel, D., Mezek, G. Kukec, Awad, A. Kuotb, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., Legumina, R., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lippmann, O. C., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Casado, A. López, Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Morlino, G., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Müller, S., Mussa, R., Nellen, L., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Olinto, A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Pereira, L. A. S., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Phuntsok, J., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Poh, J., Pont, B., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Ramos-Pollan, R., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Stolpovskiy, M., Streich, A., Suarez, F., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Taborda, O. A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Bodegom, P., Berg, A. M. van den, van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiedeński, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yang, L., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zong, Z., and Zuccarello, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The determination of the primary energy of extensive air showers using the fluorescence detection technique requires an estimation of the energy carried away by particles that do not deposit all their energy in the atmosphere. This estimation is typically made using Monte Carlo simulations and thus depends on the assumed primary particle mass and on model predictions for neutrino and muon production. In this work we present a new method to obtain the invisible energy from events detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The method uses measurements of the muon number at ground level, and it allows us to reduce significantly the systematic uncertainties related to the mass composition and the high energy hadronic interaction models, and consequently to improve the estimation of the energy scale of the Observatory., Comment: Published version, 18 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

255. Progress in the Global Modeling of the Galactic Magnetic Field

Author: Unger, Michael and Farrar, Glennys
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We discuss the global modeling of the properties of the Galactic Magnetic Field (GMF). Several improvements and variations of the model of the GMF from Jansson & Farrar (2012) (JF12) are investigated in an analysis constrained by all-sky rotation measures of extragalactic sources and polarized and unpolarized synchrotron emission data from WMAP and Planck. We present the impact of the investigated model variations on the propagation of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays in the Galaxy., Comment: To appear in the proceedings of UHECR18
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

256. Stingless bee (Tetragonula carbonaria) foragers prioritise resin and reduce pollen foraging after hive splitting

Author: Newis, Ryan, Nichols, Joel, Farrar, Michael B., Fuller, Chris, Hosseini Bai, Shahla, Wilson, Rachele S., and Wallace, Helen M.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

257. FluxSat: Measuring the Ocean-Atmosphere Turbulent Exchange of Heat and Moisture from Space

Author: Gentemann, Chelle L, Clayson, Carol Anne, Brown, Shannon, Lee, Tong, Parfitt, Rhys, Farrar, J Thomas, Bourassa, Mark, Minnett, Peter J, Seo, Hyodae, Gille, Sarah T, and Zlotnicki, Victor
Subjects: air-sea interactions, mesoscale, fluxes, Classical Physics, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Geomatic Engineering
Abstract: Recent results using wind and sea surface temperature data from satellites and high-resolution coupled models suggest that mesoscale ocean–atmosphere interactions affect the locations and evolution of storms and seasonal precipitation over continental regions such as the western US and Europe. The processes responsible for this coupling are difficult to verify due to the paucity of accurate air–sea turbulent heat and moisture flux data. These fluxes are currently derived by combining satellite measurements that are not coincident and have differing and relatively low spatial resolutions, introducing sampling errors that are largest in regions with high spatial and temporal variability. Observational errors related to sensor design also contribute to increased uncertainty. Leveraging recent advances in sensor technology, we here describe a satellite mission concept, FluxSat, that aims to simultaneously measure all variables necessary for accurate estimation of ocean–atmosphere turbulent heat and moisture fluxes and capture the effect of oceanic mesoscale forcing. Sensor design is expected to reduce observational errors of the latent and sensible heat fluxes by almost 50%. FluxSat will improve the accuracy of the fluxes at spatial scales critical to understanding the coupled ocean–atmosphere boundary layer system, providing measurements needed to improve weather forecasts and climate model simulations.
Published: 2020

258. Statement in support of the scientists, public health professionals, and medical professionals of China combatting COVID-19

Author: Calisher, Charles, Carroll, Dennis, Colwell, Rita, Corley, Ronald B, Daszak, Peter, Drosten, Christian, Enjuanes, Luis, Farrar, Jeremy, Field, Hume, Golding, Josie, Gorbalenya, Alexander, Haagmans, Bart, Hughes, James M, Karesh, William B, Keusch, Gerald T, Lam, Sai Kit, Lubroth, Juan, Mackenzie, John S, Madoff, Larry, Mazet, Jonna, Palese, Peter, Perlman, Stanley, Poon, Leo, Roizman, Bernard, Saif, Linda, Subbarao, Kanta, and Turner, Mike
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Good Health and Well Being, Betacoronavirus, Biomedical Research, COVID-19, China, Coronavirus Infections, Health Personnel, Humans, Information Dissemination, Interprofessional Relations, Pneumonia, Viral, Public Health, SARS-CoV-2, Science, Truth Disclosure, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Published: 2020

259. Genome biology of the paleotetraploid perennial biomass crop Miscanthus

Author: Mitros, Therese, Session, Adam M, James, Brandon T, Wu, Guohong Albert, Belaffif, Mohammad B, Clark, Lindsay V, Shu, Shengqiang, Dong, Hongxu, Barling, Adam, Holmes, Jessica R, Mattick, Jessica E, Bredeson, Jessen V, Liu, Siyao, Farrar, Kerrie, Głowacka, Katarzyna, Jeżowski, Stanisław, Barry, Kerrie, Chae, Won Byoung, Juvik, John A, Gifford, Justin, Oladeinde, Adebosola, Yamada, Toshihiko, Grimwood, Jane, Putnam, Nicholas H, De Vega, Jose, Barth, Susanne, Klaas, Manfred, Hodkinson, Trevor, Li, Laigeng, Jin, Xiaoli, Peng, Junhua, Yu, Chang Yeon, Heo, Kweon, Yoo, Ji Hye, Ghimire, Bimal Kumar, Donnison, Iain S, Schmutz, Jeremy, Hudson, Matthew E, Sacks, Erik J, Moose, Stephen P, Swaminathan, Kankshita, and Rokhsar, Daniel S
Subjects: Biotechnology, Human Genome, Genetics, Affordable and Clean Energy, Biomass, Chromosomes, Plant, DNA Transposable Elements, Diploidy, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Genetic Variation, Genome, Plant, Genomics, Models, Genetic, Phylogeny, Poaceae, Polyploidy, Saccharum, Seasons, Sorghum
Abstract: Miscanthus is a perennial wild grass that is of global importance for paper production, roofing, horticultural plantings, and an emerging highly productive temperate biomass crop. We report a chromosome-scale assembly of the paleotetraploid M. sinensis genome, providing a resource for Miscanthus that links its chromosomes to the related diploid Sorghum and complex polyploid sugarcanes. The asymmetric distribution of transposons across the two homoeologous subgenomes proves Miscanthus paleo-allotetraploidy and identifies several balanced reciprocal homoeologous exchanges. Analysis of M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus populations demonstrates extensive interspecific admixture and hybridization, and documents the origin of the highly productive triploid bioenergy crop M. × giganteus. Transcriptional profiling of leaves, stem, and rhizomes over growing seasons provides insight into rhizome development and nutrient recycling, processes critical for sustainable biomass accumulation in a perennial temperate grass. The Miscanthus genome expands the power of comparative genomics to understand traits of importance to Andropogoneae grasses.
Published: 2020

260. New physics searches with heavy-ion collisions at the LHC

Author: Bruce, Roderik, d'Enterria, David, de Roeck, Albert, Drewes, Marco, Farrar, Glennys R., Giammanco, Andrea, Gould, Oliver, Hajer, Jan, Harland-Lang, Lucian, Heisig, Jan, Jowett, John M., Kabana, Sonia, Krintiras, Georgios K., Korsmeier, Michael, Lucente, Michele, Milhano, Guilherme, Mukherjee, Swagata, Niedziela, Jeremi, Okorokov, Vitalii A., Rajantie, Arttu, and Schaumann, Michaela
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: This document summarises proposed searches for new physics accessible in the heavy-ion mode at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), both through hadronic and ultraperipheral $\gamma\gamma$ interactions, and that have a competitive or, even, unique discovery potential compared to standard proton-proton collision studies. Illustrative examples include searches for new particles -- such as axion-like pseudoscalars, radions, magnetic monopoles, new long-lived particles, dark photons, and sexaquarks as dark matter candidates -- as well as new interactions, such as non-linear or non-commutative QED extensions. We argue that such interesting possibilities constitute a well-justified scientific motivation, complementing standard quark-gluon-plasma physics studies, to continue running with ions at the LHC after the Run-4, i.e. beyond 2030, including light and intermediate-mass ion species, accumulating nucleon-nucleon integrated luminosities in the accessible fb$^{-1}$ range per month., Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures. Minor updates to match the final version published as JPG 47 (2020) 060501. (A slightly reduced version of this document was submitted as input to the update of the European Particle Physics Strategy EPPS-2019)
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

261. Open-circuit and short-circuit loss management in wide-gap perovskite p-i-n solar cells

Author: Pietro Caprioglio, Joel A. Smith, Robert D. J. Oliver, Akash Dasgupta, Saqlain Choudhary, Michael D. Farrar, Alexandra J. Ramadan, Yen-Hung Lin, M. Greyson Christoforo, James M. Ball, Jonas Diekmann, Jarla Thiesbrummel, Karl-Augustin Zaininger, Xinyi Shen, Michael B. Johnston, Dieter Neher, Martin Stolterfoht, and Henry J. Snaith
Subjects: Science
Abstract: A mismatch between quasi-Fermi level splitting and open-circuit voltage is detrimental to wide bandgap perovskite pin solar cells. Here, through theoretical and experimental approaches, the authors optimize n- and p-type interfaces to achieve open-circuit voltage of 1.29 V and T80 of 3500 h at 85 °C.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

262. Electrically controlled superconductor-to-failed insulator transition and giant anomalous Hall effect in kagome metal CsV3Sb5 nanoflakes

Author: Guolin Zheng, Cheng Tan, Zheng Chen, Maoyuan Wang, Xiangde Zhu, Sultan Albarakati, Meri Algarni, James Partridge, Lawrence Farrar, Jianhui Zhou, Wei Ning, Mingliang Tian, Michael S. Fuhrer, and Lan Wang
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Kagome metals continue to attract interest due to the coexistence of electronic correlations and band topology. Here the authors use proton gating to modulate disorder and carrier density in CsV3Sb5 nanoflakes, and show its effect on superconductivity, charge density wave and anomalous Hall effect.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

263. Ridesharing (Carpooling and Vanpooling)

Author: Shaheen, Susan, PhD, Cohen, Adam, Randolph, Michael, Farrar, Emily, Davis, Richard, and Nichols, Aqshems
Subjects: ridesharing, carpooling, vanpooling
Abstract: Ridesharing allows travelers to share a ride to a common destination and can include several forms (Shaheen & Cohen, 2019; Chan & Shaheen, 2011; SAE International, 2018). Ridesharing differs from for-hire vehicle services (i.e., transportation network companies(TNCs), ridesourcing, and ridehailing) in its financial motivation. When a ridesharing payment is collected, it partially covers the driver’s cost and is not intended to result in financial gain. Additionally, the driver has a common origin and/or destination with the passengers. In this toolkit, readers will find a summary of the social, environmental, and behavioral impacts of ridesharing as well as a summary of user benefits. Following this material is an in-depth exploration of policy considerations for ridesharing that includes: incentive zoning, public-private partnerships, parking policies, road and curb pricing, ridesharing infrastructure, and tax incentives. Case studies of policies implemented for ridesharing are provided throughout the text.
Published: 2019

264. Carsharing

Author: Shaheen, Susan, PhD, Cohen, Adam, Randolph, Michael, Farrar, Emily, Davis, Richard, and Nichols, Aqshems
Subjects: carsharing, shared mobility, carsharing impacts, carsharing policy
Abstract: Carsharing is a service in which individuals gain the benefits of private vehicle use without the costs and responsibilities of ownership. Individuals typically access vehicles by joining an organization that maintains a fleet of cars and light trucks. Fleets are usually deployed within neighborhoods and at public transit stations, employment centers, and colleges and universities. Typically, the carsharing operator provides gasoline, parking, and maintenance. Generally, participants pay a fee each time they use a vehicle (Shaheen,Cohen,&Zohdy,2016). Carsharing includes three types of service models, based on the permissible pick-up and drop-off locations of vehicles. This toolkit is organized into seven sections. The first section reviews common carsharing business models. The next section summarizes research on carsharing impacts. The remaining sections present policies for parking, zoning, insurance, taxation, and equity. Case studies are located throughout the text to provide examples of existing carsharing programs and policies.
Published: 2019

265. Shared Mobility Definitions and Key Concepts

Author: Shaheen, Susan, PhD, Cohen, Adam, Randolph, Michael, Farrar, Emily, Davis, Richard, and Nichols, Aqshems
Abstract: Shared mobility-the shared use of a vehicle, motorcycle, scooter, bicycle, or other travel mode-provides users with short-term access to a transportation mode on an as-needed basis. Shared mobility includes various travel modes and service models that meet the diverse needs of users including: carsharing, bikesharing, transportation network companies (TNCs, also known as ridesourcing and ridehailing), and others. The following section, TravelModes, provides U.S. Department of Transportation, American Planning Association, and SAE International definitions of the most common shared mobility models. Following these definitions, this tool defines two evolving mobility concepts: Mobility on Demand (MOD) and Mobility as a Service (MaaS). Next, the tool outlines four categories of smartphone applications impacting transportation. The tool concludes with descriptions of shared mobility service models and business models (Cohen & Shaheen, 2016; SAE International, 2018; Shaheen et al., 2016a; Shaheen et al., 2017).
Published: 2019

266. Microtransit

Author: Shaheen, Susan, PhD, Cohen, Adam, Randolph, Michael, Farrar, Emily, Davis, Richard, and Nichols, Aqshems
Abstract: Shared Mobility Policy Playbook - Microtransit | 1Microtransit is a privately or publicly operated, technology-enabled transport service that typically uses multi-passenger/pooled shuttles or vans to provide on-demand or fixed-schedule services with either dynamic or fixed routing (Cohen & Shaheen, 2016; SAE International, 2018. This tool kit identifies potential use cases for microtransit and provides case studies of pilot programs, public-private partnerships, and permit programs for private operators. The tool kit concludes with a summary of opportunities and challenges for microtransit services.
Published: 2019

267. MFRP-Associated Retinopathy and Nanophthalmos in Two Irish Probands: A Case Report

Author: Ann O’Connell, Julia Zhu, Kirk A.J. Stephenson, Laura Whelan, Adrian Dockery, Jacqueline Turner, James J. O’Byrne, G. Jane Farrar, and David Keegan
Subjects: retinitis pigmentosa, nanophthalmos, mfrp gene, inherited retinal degeneration, ocular biometry, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract: The conjunction of nanophthalmos (NO) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) provides challenges to effective clinical management while narrowing the genetic spectrum for targeted molecular diagnostics. This case study describes two not knowingly related adult cases of MFRP-associated retinopathy and nanophthalmos (MARN). Structural features including short axial lengths (mean 16.4 mm), steep keratometry (mean 49.98 D), adult-onset signs, and symptoms of retinal dystrophy and acquired disease (i.e., cataract, angle-closure glaucoma) were evident in both cases. Pathogenic variants in the MFRP gene impair both prenatal eye growth and childhood emmetropization while also leading to RPE/outer retinal degeneration in 75% of cases. We discuss the “small-eye” phenotype spectrum and associated defining characteristics, molecular mechanisms with particular focus on MFRP-associated NO with RP features (MARN), the spectrum of visual morbidities (e.g., extreme refractive error, amblyopia, cystoid macular lesions, early cataract) and the challenges of their treatment/surgical management.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

268. ‘Advocacy groups are the connectors’: Experiences and contributions of rare disease patient organization leaders in advanced neurotherapeutics

Author: Christina Q. Nguyen, Didu Kariyawasam, Kristine Alba‐Concepcion, Sarah Grattan, Kate Hetherington, Claire E. Wakefield, Susan Woolfenden, Russell C. Dale, Elizabeth E. Palmer, and Michelle A. Farrar
Subjects: advanced therapeutics, paediatric neurology, patient advocacy, precision medicine, rare diseases, Medicine (General), R5-920, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Introduction Biomedical progress has facilitated breakthrough advanced neurotherapeutic interventions, whose potential to improve outcomes in rare neurological diseases has increased hope among people with lived experiences and their carers. Nevertheless, gene, somatic cell and other advanced neurotherapeutic interventions carry significant risks. Rare disease patient organizations (RDPOs) may enhance patient experiences, inform expectations and promote health literacy. However, their perspectives are understudied in paediatric neurology. If advanced neurotherapeutics is to optimize RDPO contributions, it demands further insights into their roles, interactions and support needs. Methods We used a mixed‐methodology approach, interviewing 20 RDPO leaders representing paediatric rare neurological diseases and following them up with two online surveys featuring closed and open‐ended questions on advanced neurotherapeutics (19/20) and negative mood states (17/20). Qualitative and quantitative data were analysed using thematic discourse analysis and basic descriptive statistics, respectively. Results Leaders perceived their roles to be targeted at educational provision (20/20), community preparation for advanced neurotherapeutic clinical trials (19/20), information simplification (19/20) and focused research pursuits (20/20). Although most leaders perceived the benefits of collaboration between stakeholders, some cited challenges around collaborative engagement under the following subthemes: conflicts of interest, competition and logistical difficulties. Regarding neurotherapeutics, RDPO leaders identified support needs centred on information provision, valuing access to clinician experts and highlighting a demand for co‐developed, centralized, high‐level and understandable, resources that may improve information exchange. Leaders perceived a need for psychosocial support within themselves and their communities, proposing that this would facilitate informed decision‐making, reduce associated psychological vulnerabilities and maintain hope throughout neurotherapeutic development. Conclusion This study provides insights into RDPO research activities, interactions and resource needs. It reveals a demand for collaboration guidelines, central information resources and psychosocial supports that may address unmet needs and assist RDPOs in their advocacy. Patient or Public Contribution In this study, RDPO leaders were interviewed and surveyed to examine their perspectives and roles in advanced neurotherapeutic development. Some participants sent researchers postinterview clarification emails regarding their responses to questions.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

269. Plasma Exchange for ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: An International Survey of Patient PreferencesPlain Language Summary

Author: David Collister, Mark Farrar, Lesha Farrar, Paul Brown, Michelle Booth, Tracy Firth, Alfred Mahr, Linan Zeng, Mark A. Little, Reem A. Mustafa, Lynn A. Fussner, Alexa Meara, Gordon Guyatt, David Jayne, Peter A. Merkel, and Michael Walsh
Subjects: ANCA-associated vasculitis, plasma exchange, survey, Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, RC870-923
Abstract: Rationale & Objective: We sought to elicit patient preferences regarding the use of plasma exchange in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) and its tradeoffs of risk of kidney failure and risk of serious infection. Study Design: Patient survey. Setting & Participants: The online survey was circulated to adults with AAV via kidney and vasculitis networks in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Outcomes: Respondents reviewed the estimated 1-year risks of kidney failure and serious infection in AAV with and without plasma exchange across 5 serum creatinine categories (150, 250, 350, 450, and 600 μmol/L). For each scenario, participants indicated whether or not they would choose plasma exchange. Analytical Approach: Responses were assessed with multilevel multivariable logistic regression models to identify predictors of respondent choice regarding treatment with plasma exchange. Results: The 470 respondents from the 13 countries (United States 61.7%, United Kingdom 20.0%, Canada 13.8%, and other countries 4.5%) had a mean age of 58.6 (SD 14.3) years, 70.2% women. Respondents were more likely to choose plasma exchange in scenarios at high risk of kidney failure and serious infection (creatinine level of 350 or 450 μmol/L) compared with lower risk scenarios or the highest risk scenario. However, 145 (30.9%) chose plasma exchange across all scenarios, whereas 80 (17.0%) declined plasma exchange across all scenarios. Respondents from the United Kingdom (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.09-6.22) who received previous dialysis (OR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.12-6.52) or received previous plasma exchange (OR, 5.62; 95% CI, 2.72-11.61) were more likely to choose plasma exchange, whereas older respondents (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99 per 1 year increase) were less likely. Limitations: Unclear generalizability to non–English-speaking, older, and less health literate adults, possible responder bias, survivor bias, lack of individualized risk assessments for kidney failure, and serious infection. Conclusions: Patients with AAV do not express a consistent choice for plasma exchange, which highlights the need for shared decision making.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

270. Effects of grid spacing on high-frequency precipitation variance in coupled high-resolution global ocean–atmosphere models

Author: Light, Charles X., Arbic, Brian K., Martin, Paige E., Brodeau, Laurent, Farrar, J. Thomas, Griffies, Stephen M., Kirtman, Ben P., Laurindo, Lucas C., Menemenlis, Dimitris, Molod, Andrea, Nelson, Arin D., Nyadjro, Ebenezer, O’Rourke, Amanda K., Shriver, Jay F., Siqueira, Leo, Small, R. Justin, and Strobach, Ehud
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

271. Usher syndrome type IV: clinically and molecularly confirmed by novel ARSG variants

Author: Velde, Hedwig M., Reurink, Janine, Held, Sebastian, Li, Catherina H. Z., Yzer, Suzanne, Oostrik, Jaap, Weeda, Jack, Haer-Wigman, Lonneke, Yntema, Helger G., Roosing, Susanne, Pauleikhoff, Laurenz, Lange, Clemens, Whelan, Laura, Dockery, Adrian, Zhu, Julia, Keegan, David J., Farrar, G. Jane, Kremer, Hannie, Lanting, Cornelis P., Damme, Markus, and Pennings, Ronald J. E.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

272. Advancing an LGBTI-Inclusive Curriculum in Scotland through Critical Literacy

Author: Stone, Kelly and Farrar, Jennifer
Abstract: Following the announcement, in November 2018, that Scotland would be the first educational system to introduce an LGBTI-inclusive curriculum in all of its state schools, this position paper advocates critical literacy as a theoretically congruent framework within which LGBTI issues can be explored. We suggest educators could do this by problematising social structures and language practices including our own professional actions beyond what we teach, and by using children's literature to actively teach LGBTI issues and to open up spaces for discussion of these issues across curricular areas. What we propose is challenging in a Scottish educational context since Curriculum for Excellence (CfE) presents critical literacy as 'finding and using information', and it is not grounded in any wider theoretical basis, effectively removing the active, challenging and transformative aspects of critical literacy pedagogies. As Vasquez et al. argue, one of the key ways for teachers to engage with critical literacy is through the literature on its implementation in different contexts; in this position paper we hope to provide both a theoretical framework and practice accounts of LGBTI education from the wider literature to inform the development of an LGBTI-inclusive curriculum in Scotland and elsewhere.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

273. Understanding the perspectives of recruiters is key to improving randomised controlled trial enrolment: a qualitative evidence synthesis

Author: Nicola Farrar, Daisy Elliott, Catherine Houghton, Marcus Jepson, Nicola Mills, Sangeetha Paramasivan, Lucy Plumb, Julia Wade, Bridget Young, Jenny L. Donovan, and Leila Rooshenas
Subjects: Qualitative evidence synthesis, Recruitment, Randomised controlled trials, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Abstract Background Recruiting patients to randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is often reported to be challenging, and the evidence base for effective interventions that could be used by staff (recruiters) undertaking recruitment is lacking. Although the experiences and perspectives of recruiters have been widely reported, an evidence synthesis is required in order to inform the development of future interventions. This paper aims to address this by systematically searching and synthesising the evidence on recruiters’ perspectives and experiences of recruiting patients into RCTs. Methods A qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) following Thomas and Harden’s approach to thematic synthesis was conducted. The Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycInfo, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ORRCA and Web of Science electronic databases were searched. Studies were sampled to ensure that the focus of the research was aligned with the phenomena of interest of the QES, their methodological relevance to the QES question, and to include variation across the clinical areas of the studies. The GRADE CERQual framework was used to assess confidence in the review findings. Results In total, 9316 studies were identified for screening, which resulted in 128 eligible papers. The application of the QES sampling strategy resulted in 30 papers being included in the final analysis. Five overlapping themes were identified which highlighted the complex manner in which recruiters experience RCT recruitment: (1) recruiting to RCTs in a clinical environment, (2) enthusiasm for the RCT, (3) making judgements about whether to approach a patient, (4) communication challenges, (5) interplay between recruiter and professional roles. Conclusions This QES identified factors which contribute to the complexities that recruiters can face in day-to-day clinical settings, and the influence recruiters and non-recruiting healthcare professionals have on opportunities afforded to patients for RCT participation. It has reinforced the importance of considering the clinical setting in its entirety when planning future RCTs and indicated the need to better normalise and support research if it is to become part of day-to-day practice. Trial registration PROSPERO CRD42020141297 (registered 11/02/2020).
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

274. Integrated stem cell signature and cytomolecular risk determination in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia

Author: Benjamin J. Huang, Jenny L. Smith, Jason E. Farrar, Yi-Cheng Wang, Masayuki Umeda, Rhonda E. Ries, Amanda R. Leonti, Erin Crowgey, Scott N. Furlan, Katherine Tarlock, Marcos Armendariz, Yanling Liu, Timothy I. Shaw, Lisa Wei, Robert B. Gerbing, Todd M. Cooper, Alan S. Gamis, Richard Aplenc, E. Anders Kolb, Jeffrey Rubnitz, Jing Ma, Jeffery M. Klco, Xiaotu Ma, Todd A. Alonzo, Timothy Triche, and Soheil Meshinchi
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Relapsed pediatric acute myeloid leukemia is associated with poor prognosis. Here, the authors use RNA-seq data from 1503 primary samples to create a combined transcriptional and cytomolecular signature to improve relapse risk prediction.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

275. Satanology and Demonology in the Apostolic Fathers

Author: Thomas J. Farrar
Subjects: The Bible, BS1-2970
Abstract: N/A
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

276. Social and Academic Integration in the Virtual Classroom: Techniques to Foster Community, Belonging, and Retention

Author: Stacie Miller, Sara Osman, and Jessica Farrar
Subjects: Theory and practice of education, LB5-3640
Abstract: In this article, we, as 3 faculty members in the English for Speakers of Other Languages Program at the Community College of Baltimore County, reflect on our experiences of transforming online and remote classrooms into a community during the pandemic and examine the literature that underscores how classroom community and belonging contribute to student success. We share research on 3 engaging learning activities that have successfully built this community among students in our own virtual classrooms: hall of fame, discussion boards, and jigsaw readings. Although what we share is rooted in our experiences as English for speakers of other languages faculty in the context of a large community college, we have chosen activities that can be applied in various contexts to foster community.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

277. Cytotoxic CD4 T cells in the mucosa and in cancer

Author: Hrishi Venkatesh, Sean I. Tracy, and Michael A. Farrar
Subjects: cytotoxic, Tr1 cell, tolerance, stem cell, immunotherapy, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract: CD4 T cells were initially described as helper cells that promote either the cellular immune response (Th1 cells) or the humoral immune response (Th2 cells). Since then, a plethora of functionally distinct helper and regulatory CD4 T cell subsets have been described. CD4 T cells with cytotoxic function were first described in the setting of viral infections and autoimmunity, and more recently in cancer and gut dysbiosis. Regulatory CD4 T cell subsets such as Tregs and T-regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells have also been shown to have cytotoxic potential. Indeed, Tr1 cells have been shown to be important for maintenance of stem cell niches in the bone marrow and the gut. This review will provide an overview of cytotoxic CD4 T cell development, and discuss the role of inflammatory and Tr1-like cytotoxic CD4 T cells in maintenance of intestinal stem cells and in anti-cancer immune responses.
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

278. Electric field distribution predicts efficacy of accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation for late-life depression

Author: Davin K. Quinn, Joel Upston, Thomas R. Jones, Benjamin C. Gibson, Tessa A. Olmstead, Justine Yang, Allison M. Price, Dorothy H. Bowers-Wu, Erick Durham, Shawn Hazlewood, Danielle C. Farrar, Jeremy Miller, Megan O. Lloyd, Crystal A. Garcia, Cesar J. Ojeda, Brant W. Hager, Andrei A. Vakhtin, and Christopher C. Abbott
Subjects: late-life depression, accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation, neuronavigation, induced electric field, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract: IntroductionRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising intervention for late-life depression (LLD) but may have lower rates of response and remission owing to age-related brain changes. In particular, rTMS induced electric field strength may be attenuated by cortical atrophy in the prefrontal cortex. To identify clinical characteristics and treatment parameters associated with response, we undertook a pilot study of accelerated fMRI-guided intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in 25 adults aged 50 or greater diagnosed with LLD and qualifying to receive clinical rTMS.MethodsParticipants underwent baseline behavioral assessment, cognitive testing, and structural and functional MRI to generate individualized targets and perform electric field modeling. Forty-five sessions of iTBS were delivered over 9 days (1800 pulses per session, 50-min inter-session interval). Assessments and testing were repeated after 15 sessions (Visit 2) and 45 sessions (Visit 3). Primary outcome measure was the change in depressive symptoms on the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-30-Clinician (IDS-C-30) from Visit 1 to Visit 3.ResultsOverall there was a significant improvement in IDS score with the treatment (Visit 1: 38.6; Visit 2: 31.0; Visit 3: 21.3; mean improvement 45.5%) with 13/25 (52%) achieving response and 5/25 (20%) achieving remission (IDS-C-30
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

279. Adapting and Testing the Care Partner Hospital Assessment Tool for Use in Dementia Care: Protocol for a 2 Sequential Phase Study

Author: Beth Fields, Nicole Werner, Manish N Shah, Scott Hetzel, Blair P Golden, Andrea Gilmore-Bykovskyi, and Dorothy Farrar Edwards
Subjects: Medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract: BackgroundResearch and policy demonstrate the value of and need for systematically identifying and preparing care partners for their caregiving responsibilities while their family member or friend living with dementia is hospitalized. The Care Partner Hospital Assessment Tool (CHAT) has undergone content and face validation and has been endorsed as appropriate by clinicians to facilitate the timely identification and preparation of care partners of older adult patients during their hospitalization. However, the CHAT has not yet been adapted or prospectively evaluated for use with care partners of hospitalized people living with dementia. Adapting and testing the CHAT via a pilot study will provide the necessary evidence to optimize feasibility and enable future efficacy trials. ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper is to describe the study protocol for the adaptation and testing of the CHAT for use among care partners of hospitalized people living with dementia to better prepare them for their caregiving responsibilities after hospital discharge. MethodsOur protocol is based on the National Institutes of Health Stage Model and consists of 2 sequential phases, including formative research and the main trial. In phase 1, we will use a participatory human-centered design process that incorporates people living with dementia and their care partners, health care administrators, and clinicians to adapt the CHAT for dementia care (ie, the Dementia CHAT [D-CHAT]; stage IA). In phase 2, we will partner with a large academic medical system to complete a pilot randomized controlled trial to examine the feasibility and estimate the size of the effect of the D-CHAT on care partners’ preparedness for caregiving (stage IB). We anticipate this study to take approximately 60 months to complete, from study start-up procedures to dissemination. The 2 phases will take place between December 1, 2022, and November 30, 2027. ResultsThe study protocol will yield (1) a converged-upon, ready-for-feasibility testing D-CHAT; (2) descriptive and feasibility characteristics of delivering the D-CHAT; and (3) effect size estimates of the D-CHAT on care partner preparedness. We anticipate that the resultant D-CHAT will provide clinicians with guidance on how to identify and better prepare care partners for hospitalized people living with dementia. In turn, care partners will feel equipped to fulfill caregiving roles for their family members or friends living with dementia. ConclusionsThe expected results of this study are to favorably impact hospital-based care processes and outcomes for people living with dementia and their care partners and to elucidate the essential caregiving role that so many care partners of people living with dementia assume. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05592366; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05592366 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/46808
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

280. The Coherent Magnetic Field of the Milky Way

Author: Michael Unger and Glennys R. Farrar
Subjects: Milky Way magnetic fields, Galaxy magnetic fields, Milky Way Galaxy physics, Cosmic rays, Cosmic ray astronomy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We present a suite of models of the coherent magnetic field of the Galaxy based on new divergence-free parametric functions describing the global structure of the field. The model parameters are fit to the latest full-sky Faraday rotation measures (RMs) of extragalactic sources and polarized synchrotron intensity (PI) maps from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe and Planck. We employ multiple models for the density of thermal and cosmic-ray electrons in the Galaxy, needed to predict the sky maps of RMs and PI for a given Galactic magnetic field (GMF) model. The robustness of the inferred properties of the GMF is gauged by studying many combinations of parametric field models and electron density models. We determine the pitch angle of the local magnetic field (11° ± 1°), explore the evidence for a grand-design spiral coherent magnetic field (inconclusive), determine the strength of the toroidal and poloidal magnetic halo fields below and above the disk (magnitudes the same for both hemispheres within ≈10%), set constraints on the half-height of the cosmic-ray diffusion volume (≥2.9 kpc), investigate the compatibility of RM- and PI-derived magnetic field strengths (compatible under certain assumptions), and check if the toroidal halo field could be created by the shear of the poloidal halo field due to the differential rotation of the Galaxy (possibly). A set of eight models is identified to help quantify the present uncertainties in the coherent GMF spanning different functional forms, data products, and auxiliary input. We present the corresponding sky maps of rates for axion–photon conversion in the Galaxy and deflections of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

281. Constraints on UHECR Sources and Extragalactic Magnetic Fields from Directional Anisotropies

Author: Teresa Bister and Glennys R. Farrar
Subjects: Cosmic ray astronomy, Cosmic ray sources, Ultra-high-energy cosmic radiation, Extragalactic magnetic fields, Milky Way magnetic fields, Cosmic anisotropy, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: A dipole anisotropy in ultra–high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) arrival directions, of extragalactic origin, is now firmly established at energies E > 8 EeV. Furthermore, the UHECR angular power spectrum shows no power at smaller angular scales than the dipole, apart from hints of possible individual hot or warm spots for energy thresholds ≳40 EeV. Here we exploit the magnitude of the dipole and the limits on smaller-scale anisotropies to place constraints on two quantities: the extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF) and the number density of UHECR sources or the volumetric event rate if UHECR sources are transient. We also vary the bias between the extragalactic matter and the UHECR source densities, reflecting whether UHECR sources are preferentially found in over- or underdense regions, and find that little or no bias is favored. We follow Ding et al. (2021) in using the CosmicFlows-2 density distribution of the local universe as our baseline distribution of UHECR sources, but we improve and extend that work by employing an accurate and self-consistent treatment of interactions and energy losses during propagation. Deflections in the Galactic magnetic field are treated using either the full JF12 magnetic field model, with both random and coherent components, or just the coherent part, to bracket the impact of the GMF on the dipole anisotropy. This large-scale structure model gives good agreement with both the direction and magnitude of the measured dipole anisotropy and forms the basis for simulations of discrete sources and the inclusion of EGMF effects.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

282. Outcrossing Rate and Fruit Yield of Hass Avocado Trees Decline at Increasing Distance from a Polliniser Cultivar

Author: Stephen J. Trueman, Joel Nichols, Michael B. Farrar, Helen M. Wallace, and Shahla Hosseini Bai
Subjects: cross-pollination, mating system, Persea americana, outcrossing, pollenizer, self-compatibility, Agriculture
Abstract: Optimal fruit production from many tree crops relies on the transfer of cross-pollen between trees of different cultivars rather than the transfer of self-pollen between trees of the same cultivar. However, many orchards are established with wide blocks of single cultivars, which can result in high percentages of self-fertilised fruit and sub-optimal yield and quality. We aimed to determine whether outcrossing rates and yield of Hass avocado fruit decline with increasing distance from polliniser trees of cultivar Shepard and whether selfed fruit are smaller than outcrossed fruit. Outcrossing rates declined from 49% at six trees (40 m) from a block of Shepard trees to 30% at thirty trees (160 m) from a block of Shepard trees. Tree yield across this distance declined by 44% as a result of a 69% decline in the number of outcrossed fruit per tree, without a significant decline in the number of selfed fruit per tree. Outcrossed Hass fruit were 12% heavier than selfed Hass fruit, with 3% greater diameter and 5% greater length. The study results demonstrate the importance of interplanting Type B avocado pollinisers closely with Type A Hass trees to increase fruit yield and size.
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

283. Quantification of amyloid PET for future clinical use: a state-of-the-art review

Author: Pemberton, Hugh G., Collij, Lyduine E., Heeman, Fiona, Bollack, Ariane, Shekari, Mahnaz, Salvadó, Gemma, Alves, Isadora Lopes, Garcia, David Vallez, Battle, Mark, Buckley, Christopher, Stephens, Andrew W., Bullich, Santiago, Garibotto, Valentina, Barkhof, Frederik, Gispert, Juan Domingo, and Farrar, Gill
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

284. Onasemnogene abeparvovec for presymptomatic infants with two copies of SMN2 at risk for spinal muscular atrophy type 1: the Phase III SPR1NT trial

Author: Strauss, Kevin A., Farrar, Michelle A., Muntoni, Francesco, Saito, Kayoko, Mendell, Jerry R., Servais, Laurent, McMillan, Hugh J., Finkel, Richard S., Swoboda, Kathryn J., Kwon, Jennifer M., Zaidman, Craig M., Chiriboga, Claudia A., Iannaccone, Susan T., Krueger, Jena M., Parsons, Julie A., Shieh, Perry B., Kavanagh, Sarah, Tauscher-Wisniewski, Sitra, McGill, Bryan E., and Macek, Thomas A.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

285. Onasemnogene abeparvovec for presymptomatic infants with three copies of SMN2 at risk for spinal muscular atrophy: the Phase III SPR1NT trial

Author: Strauss, Kevin A., Farrar, Michelle A., Muntoni, Francesco, Saito, Kayoko, Mendell, Jerry R., Servais, Laurent, McMillan, Hugh J., Finkel, Richard S., Swoboda, Kathryn J., Kwon, Jennifer M., Zaidman, Craig M., Chiriboga, Claudia A., Iannaccone, Susan T., Krueger, Jena M., Parsons, Julie A., Shieh, Perry B., Kavanagh, Sarah, Wigderson, Melissa, Tauscher-Wisniewski, Sitra, McGill, Bryan E., and Macek, Thomas A.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

286. Interactive X-ray and proton therapy training and simulation

Author: Hamza-Lup, Felix G., Farrar, Shane, and Leon, Erik
Subjects: Computer Science - Graphics
Abstract: External beam X-ray therapy (XRT) and proton therapy (PT) are effective and widely accepted forms of treatment for many types of cancer. However, the procedures require extensive computerized planning. Current planning systems for both XRT and PT have insufficient visual aid to combine real patient data with the treatment device geometry to account for unforeseen collisions among system components and the patient. We are proposing a cost-effective method to extract patient specific S-reps in real time, and combine them with the treatment system geometry to provide a comprehensive simulation of the XRT/PT treatment room. The X3D standard is used to implement and deploy the simulator on the web, enabling its use not only for remote specialists' collaboration, simulation, and training, but also for patient education.
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

287. The Nab Experiment: A Precision Measurement of Unpolarized Neutron Beta Decay

Author: Fry, J., Alarcon, R., Baessler, S., Balascuta, S., Barron-Palos, L., Bailey, T., Bass, K., Birge, N., Blose, A., Borissenko, D., Bowman, J. D., Broussard, L. J., Bryant, A. T., Byrne, J., Calarco, J. R., Caylor, J., Chang, K., Chupp, T., Cianciolo, T. V., Crawford, C., Ding, X., Doyle, M., Fan, W., Farrar, W., Fomin, N., Frlez, E., Gericke, M. T., Gervais, M., Gluck, F., Greene, G. L., Grzywacz, R. K., Gudkov, V., Hamblen, J., Hayes, C., Hendrus, C., Ito, T., Jezghani, A., Li, H., Makela, M., Macsai, N., Mammei, J., Mammei, R., Martinez, M., Mathews, D. G., McCrea, M., McGaughey, P., McLaughlin, C. D., Mueller, P., van Petten, D., Penttila, S. I., Perryman, D. E., Picker, R., Pierce, J., Pocanic, D., Qian, Y., Ramsey, J., Randall, G., Riley, G., Rykaczewski, K. P., Salas-Bacci, A., Samiei, S., Scott, E. M., Shelton, T., Sjue, S. K., Smith, A., Smith, E., Stevens, E., Wexler, J., Whitehead, R., Wilburn, W. S., Young, A., and Zeck, B.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Neutron beta decay is one of the most fundamental processes in nuclear physics and provides sensitive means to uncover the details of the weak interaction. Neutron beta decay can evaluate the ratio of axial-vector to vector coupling constants in the standard model, $\lambda = g_A / g_V$, through multiple decay correlations. The Nab experiment will carry out measurements of the electron-neutrino correlation parameter $a$ with a precision of $\delta a / a = 10^{-3}$ and the Fierz interference term $b$ to $\delta b = 3\times10^{-3}$ in unpolarized free neutron beta decay. These results, along with a more precise measurement of the neutron lifetime, aim to deliver an independent determination of the ratio $\lambda$ with a precision of $\delta \lambda / \lambda = 0.03\%$ that will allow an evaluation of $V_{ud}$ and sensitively test CKM unitarity, independent of nuclear models. Nab utilizes a novel, long asymmetric spectrometer that guides the decay electron and proton to two large area silicon detectors in order to precisely determine the electron energy and an estimation of the proton momentum from the proton time of flight. The Nab spectrometer is being commissioned at the Fundamental Neutron Physics Beamline at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Lab. We present an overview of the Nab experiment and recent updates on the spectrometer, analysis, and systematic effects., Comment: Presented at PPNS2018
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

288. Measurement of the average shape of longitudinal profiles of cosmic-ray air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, ez-Muñiz, J. Alvar, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Baur, S., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Biteau, J., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., talani, F. Ca, Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., ição, R. Conce, Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., Almeida, R. M. d e, de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Salles, F. O. de Oliveira, de Souza, V., Debatin, J., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Dundovic, A., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Ferreyro, L. P., Figueira, J. M., č, A. Filipči, Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., García, B., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glombitza, J., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., lt, E. M. Ho, Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., ek, J. Jurys, Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Kuempel, D., Mezek, G. Kukec, Awad, A. K uotb, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., Legumina, R., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lippmann, O. C., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Casado, A. López, Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., zzi, A. G. Maria, Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., te, E. Mayot, Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Morlino, G., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Müller, S., Mussa, R., Nellen, L., Nguyen, P. H., glinzanu, M. Niculescu-O, Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Olinto, A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panetta, M. P., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Pereira, L. A. S., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Phuntsok, J ., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Poh, J., Pont, B., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., hfeld, S. Querc, Quinn, S., Ramos-Pollan, R., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., alho, W. Rodrigues de Carv, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., na, G. Sali, Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schlüter, F., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stanca, D., ič, S. Stan, Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Stolpovskiy, M., Streich, A., Suarez, F., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., ki, Z. Szadkows, Taboada, A., Taborda, O. A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Bodegom, P., Berg, A. M. van den, van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, zquez, R. A. Vá, Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., indl, A. We, Wiedeński, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Winchen, T., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yang, L., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., anik, M. Zavrt, Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zong, Z., and Zuccarello, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The profile of the longitudinal development of showers produced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays carries information related to the interaction properties of the primary particles with atmospheric nuclei. In this work, we present the first measurement of the average shower profile in traversed atmospheric depth at the Pierre Auger Observatory. The shapes of profiles are well reproduced by the Gaisser-Hillas parametrization within the range studied, for E > 10^{17.8} eV. A detailed analysis of the systematic uncertainties is performed using 10 years of data and a full detector simulation. The average shape is quantified using two variables related to the width and asymmetry of the profile, and the results are compared with predictions of hadronic interaction models for different primary particles., Comment: Published version, 20 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

289. Large-scale cosmic-ray anisotropies above 4 EeV measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Baur, S., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Biteau, J., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Souza, V., Debatin, J., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Dundovic, A., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Ferreyro, L. P., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., García, B., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glombitza, J., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Holt, E. M., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Kuempel, D., Mezek, G. Kukec, Awad, A. Kuotb, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., Legumina, R., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Casado, A. López, Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mallamaci, M., Mancarella, G., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Morlino, G., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Müller, S., Mussa, R., Nellen, L., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Olinto, A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Pereira, L. A. S., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Phuntsok, J., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Poh, J., Pont, B., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Ramos-Pollan, R., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., Salina, G., Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Stolpovskiy, M., Streich, A., Suarez, F., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Taborda, O. A., Tapia, A., Timmermans, C., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Bodegom, P., Berg, A. M. van den, van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vázquez, R. A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Wainberg, O., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiedeński, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yang, L., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zong, Z., and Zuccarello, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present a detailed study of the large-scale anisotropies of cosmic rays with energies above 4 EeV measured using the Pierre Auger Observatory. For the energy bins [4,8] EeV and $E\geq 8$ EeV, the most significant signal is a dipolar modulation in right ascension at energies above 8 EeV, as previously reported. In this paper we further scrutinize the highest-energy bin by splitting it into three energy ranges. We find that the amplitude of the dipole increases with energy above 4 EeV. The growth can be fitted with a power law with index $\beta=0.79\pm 0.19$. The directions of the dipoles are consistent with an extragalactic origin of these anisotropies at all the energies considered. Additionally we have estimated the quadrupolar components of the anisotropy: they are not statistically significant. We discuss the results in the context of the predictions from different models for the distribution of ultrahigh-energy sources and cosmic magnetic fields., Comment: Published version, 16 pages, 7 figures, 8 tables
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

290. Observation of inclined EeV air showers with the radio detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Albury, J. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Arsene, N., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Baur, S., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Biteau, J., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Calcagni, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Carceller, J. M., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Collica, L., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., D'Amico, S., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., Day, J. A., de Almeida, R. M., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Souza, V., Debatin, J., Deligny, O., Dhital, N., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Dundovic, A., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Escobar, C. O., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Ferreyro, L. P., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Gaïor, R., García, B., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glaser, C., Glombitza, J., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Holt, E. M., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kambeitz, O., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, J., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Kuempel, D., Mezek, G. Kukec, Kunka, N., Awad, A. Kuotb, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., Legumina, R., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lenok, V., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Casado, A. López, Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina, C., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Morlino, G., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Muller, M. A., Müller, S., Mussa, R., Nellen, L., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Niemietz, L., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A, Núñez, L. A., Oikonomou, F., Olinto, A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Pereira, L. A. S., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Phuntsok, J., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Poh, J., Pont, B., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Quel, E. J., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Ramos-Pollan, R., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., Salina, G., Sánchez, F., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulz, A., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Segreto, A., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Souchard, J., Squartini, R., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Stolpovskiy, M., Strafella, F., Streich, A., Suarez, F., Suárez-Durán, M., Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Swain, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Taborda, O. A., Timmermans, C., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Tueros, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Bodegom, P., Berg, A. M. van den, van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vázquez, R. A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Wainberg, O., Walz, D., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiedeński, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yang, L., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zehrer, L., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zong, Z., and Zuccarello, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: With the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we have observed the radio emission from 561 extensive air showers with zenith angles between 60$^\circ$ and 84$^\circ$. In contrast to air showers with more vertical incidence, these inclined air showers illuminate large ground areas of several km$^2$ with radio signals detectable in the 30 to 80\,MHz band. A comparison of the measured radio-signal amplitudes with Monte Carlo simulations of a subset of 50 events for which we reconstruct the energy using the Auger surface detector shows agreement within the uncertainties of the current analysis. As expected for forward-beamed radio emission undergoing no significant absorption or scattering in the atmosphere, the area illuminated by radio signals grows with the zenith angle of the air shower. Inclined air showers with EeV energies are thus measurable with sparse radio-antenna arrays with grid sizes of a km or more. This is particularly attractive as radio detection provides direct access to the energy in the electromagnetic cascade of an air shower, which in case of inclined air showers is not accessible by arrays of particle detectors on the ground., Comment: Published version, 14 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

291. Dependence of optical Active Galactic Nuclei identification on stellar population models

Author: Chen, Yan-Ping, Zaw, Ingyin, and Farrar, Glennys R
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We have conducted a study to quantify the systematic differences resulting from using different stellar population models in optical spectroscopic identification of type II AGN. We examined the different AGN detection fractions of 7069 nearby galaxies (z <= 0.09) with SDSS DR8 spectra when using the Bruzual & Charlot (2003, BC03), Vazdekis et al. (2010, MILES), and solar metallicity Maraston and Stromback (2011) (MS11solar) stellar population models. The line fluxes obtained using BC03 and MS11solar are publicly available from SDSS data releases. We find that the BC03 templates result in systematically higher BPT line ratios and consequently higher AGN fractions and the MS11solar templates result in systematically lower line ratios and AGN fractions compared with the MILES templates. Using MILES as the standard, BC03 results in 25% "false positives" and MS11solar results in 22% "false negatives" when using the Kewley et al. (2001a) boundary for AGN identification. The fraction of galaxies whose AGN identification changes for different templates is luminosity dependent, ranging from a few percent for L[OIII]5007 >= 10^40 erg s-1 and increasing to ~ 50% for L[OIII]5007 <= 10^38 erg s-1. These results suggest that template choice should be accounted for when using and comparing the AGN and emission line fluxes from different catalogs., Comment: 21 pages, 20 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

292. Dark Matter that Interacts with Baryons: Density Distribution within the Earth and New Constraints on the Interaction Cross-section

Author: Neufeld, David A., Farrar, Glennys R., and McKee, Christopher F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: For dark matter (DM) particles with masses in the 0.6 - 6 m_p range, we set stringent constraints on the interaction cross-sections for scattering with ordinary baryonic matter. These constraints follow from the recognition that such particles can be captured by - and thermalized within - the Earth, leading to a substantial accumulation and concentration of DM that interact with baryons. Here, we discuss the probability that DM intercepted by the Earth will be captured, the number of DM particles thereby accumulated over Earth's lifetime, the fraction of such particles retained in the face of evaporation, and the density distribution of such particles within the Earth. In the latter context, we note that a previous treatment of the density distribution of DM, presented by Gould and Raffelt and applied subsequently to DM in the Sun, is inconsistent with considerations of hydrostatic equilibrium. Our analysis provides an estimate of the DM particle density at Earth's surface, which may exceed 1.E+14 cm-3 for the mass range under consideration. Based upon our determination of the DM density at Earth's surface, we derive constraints on the scattering cross-sections. These constraints are placed by four considerations: (1) the lifetime of the relativistic proton beam at the Large Hadron collider (LHC); (2) the orbital decay of spacecraft in low Earth orbit (LEO); (3) the vaporization rate of cryogenic liquids in well-insulated storage dewars; and (4) the thermal conductivity of Earth's crust. As an example application of our results, we show that for the scattering cross-sections that were invoked recently in Barkana's original explanation for the anomalously deep 21 cm absorption reported by EDGES, DM particle masses in the 0.6 - 4 m_p range are ruled out., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. This version has several minor changes to improve clarity. A new appendix had been added to justify our treatment of the dark matter density distribution within the Earth, where we note that a previous analysis of the density distribution of DM in the Sun by Gould and Raffelt is inconsistent with considerations of hydrostatic equilibrium
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

293. A precision test of the nature of Dark Matter and a probe of the QCD phase transition

Author: Farrar, Glennys R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: If dark matter (DM) contains equal numbers of u,d,s quarks, the ratio of DM and ordinary matter densities is shown to follow from the Boltzmann distribution in the Quark Gluon Plasma. For sexaquark DM in the 1860-1880 MeV mass range (assuring sexaquark and nuclear stability) and quark masses and transition temperature from lattice QCD, the observed Omega_{DM}/Omega_b = 5.3 is in the predicted range, with <~ 15% uncertainty. The prediction is insensitive to the current form of DM, which could be sexaquarks, strange quark matter nuggets, primordial black holes from their collapse, or a mixture of these., Comment: v3: Fig. 2 is replaced, correcting a plotting bug. v2: Reorganizes to improve clarity, adds discussion of detection constraints; shows that the small breakup cross section required for survival below T=150 degrees is compatible with expectations. Thus the claim by Kolb and Turner that dibaryons cannot be the dark matter does not appoy to the proposed sexaquark dark matter model
Published: 2018

294. Constraints on Dark Matter with a moderately large and velocity-dependent DM-nucleon cross-section

Author: Mahdawi, M. Shafi and Farrar, Glennys R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We derive constraints on a possible velocity-dependent DM-nucleon scattering cross section, for Dark Matter in the 10 MeV -- 100 GeV mass range, using the XQC, DAMIC, and CRESST 2017 Surface Run experiments. We report the limits on cross sections of the form $\sigma=\sigma_0\,v^n$, for a range of velocity dependencies with $n\in\{-4,-2,-1,0,1,2\}$. We point out the need to measure the efficiency with which nuclear recoil energy in the sub-keV range thermalizes, rather than being stored as Frenkel pairs in the semi-conductor lattice. The possibility of a significant inefficiency leaves open a considerable `hole' in the limits for mass in the $\sim$ 0.2 -- 2 GeV range, which XQC and CRESST can potentially fill when the thermalization efficiency is measured. We call attention to the asymmetry between a conventional lower limit cross section and the `upper-reach cross section' imposed by attenuation in an overburden -- an upper boundary being extremely sharp but quite insensitive to the statistics of the experiment. Considering the recent interest to use dark matter-baryon interaction with velocity dependence $n=-4$ to explain the EDGES 21 cm anomaly, we also derive the limits on milli-charged DM that scatters off protons and electrons under a Coulomb-like interaction. We find that much but not all of the region of interest for the EDGES anomaly can be excluded., Comment: 34 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables. v3: Matches version accepted to JCAP
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

295. Indication of anisotropy in arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays through comparison to the flux pattern of extragalactic gamma-ray sources

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Aab, A., Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Albuquerque, I. F. M., Allekotte, I., Almela, A., Castillo, J. Alvarez, Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Aramo, C., Arsene, N., Asorey, H., Assis, P., Avila, G., Badescu, A. M., Balaceanu, A., Barbato, F., Luz, R. J. Barreira, Beatty, J. J., Becker, K. H., Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Biermann, P. L., Biteau, J., Blaess, S. G., Blanco, A., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Boháčová, M., Bonifazi, C., Borodai, N., Botti, A. M., Brack, J., Brancus, I., Bretz, T., Bridgeman, A., Briechle, F. L., Buchholz, P., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Caccianiga, L., Cancio, A., Canfora, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Chavez, A. G., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Collica, L., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Consolati, G., Contreras, F., Cooper, M. J., Coutu, S., Covault, C. E., Cronin, J., D'Amico, S., Daniel, B., Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jong, S. J., De Mauro, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., de Souza, V., Debatin, J., Deligny, O., Castro, M. L. Díaz, Diogo, F., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Dorosti, Q., Anjos, R. C. dos, Dova, M. T., Dundovic, A., Ebr, J., Engel, R., Erdmann, M., Erfani, M., Escobar, C. O., Espadanal, J., Etchegoyen, A., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Fenu, F., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Freire, M. M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Gaïor, R., García, B., Gaté, F., Gemmeke, H., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Giammarchi, M., Giller, M., Głas, D., Glaser, C., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, González, N., Gorgi, A., Grillo, A. F., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Halliday, R., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harrison, T. A., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Heck, D., Heimann, P., Herve, A. E., Hill, G. C., Hojvat, C., Holt, E., Homola, P., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hulsman, J., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Jandt, I., Johnsen, J. A., Josebachuili, M., Jurysek, J., Kääpä, A., Kambeitz, O., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Kemmerich, N., Kemp, E., Kemp, J., Kieckhafer, R. M., Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Kleinfeller, J., Krause, R., Krohm, N., Kuempel, D., Mezek, G. Kukec, Kunka, N., Awad, A. Kuotb, Lago, B. L., LaHurd, D., Lang, R. G., Lauscher, M., Legumina, R., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Link, K., Presti, D. Lo, Lopes, L., López, R., Casado, A. López, Lorek, R., Luce, Q., Lucero, A., Malacari, M., Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Mantsch, P., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinez, H., Bravo, O. Martínez, Meza, J. J. Masías, Mathes, H. J., Mathys, S., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mazur, P. O., Medina, C., Medina-Tanco, G., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merenda, K. -D., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Middendorf, L., Miramonti, L., Mitrica, B., Mockler, D., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morello, C., Morlino, G., Mostafá, M., Müller, A. L., Müller, G., Muller, M. A., Müller, S., Mussa, R., Naranjo, I., Nellen, L., Nguyen, P. H., Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M., Niechciol, M., Niemietz, L., Niggemann, T., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Núñez, L. A., Oikonomou, F., Olinto, A., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Papenbreer, P., Parente, G., Parra, A., Paul, T., Pech, M., Pedreira, F., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Peña-Rodriguez, J., Pereira, L. A. S., Perlin, M., Perrone, L., Peters, C., Petrera, S., Phuntsok, J., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Pirronello, V., Platino, M., Plum, M., Poh, J., Porowski, C., Prado, R. R., Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Quel, E. J., Querchfeld, S., Quinn, S., Ramos-Pollan, R., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Ristori, P., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saffi, S. J., Saftoiu, A., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Saleh, A., Salina, G., Sánchez, F., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sarmiento-Cano, C., Sato, R., Schauer, M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schröder, S., Schulz, A., Schumacher, J., Sciutto, S. J., Segreto, A., Shadkam, A., Shellard, R. C., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Šmída, R., Snow, G. R., Sommers, P., Sonntag, S., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stanca, D., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Stolpovskiy, M., Strafella, F., Streich, A., Suarez, F., Durán, M. Suarez, Sudholz, T., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Šupík, J., Swain, J., Szadkowski, Z., Taboada, A., Taborda, O. A., Theodoro, V. M., Timmermans, C., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomankova, L., Tomé, B., Elipe, G. Torralba, Travnicek, P., Trini, M., Ulrich, R., Unger, M., Urban, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valiño, I., Valore, L., van Aar, G., van Bodegom, P., Berg, A. M. van den, van Vliet, A., Varela, E., Cárdenas, B. Vargas, Vázquez, R. A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Villaseñor, L., Vorobiov, S., Wahlberg, H., Wainberg, O., Walz, D., Watson, A. A., Weber, M., Weindl, A., Wiedeński, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wirtz, M., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yang, L., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zepeda, A., Zimmermann, B., Ziolkowski, M., Zong, Z., and Zuccarello, F.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: A new analysis of the dataset from the Pierre Auger Observatory provides evidence for anisotropy in the arrival directions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays on an intermediate angular scale, which is indicative of excess arrivals from strong, nearby sources. The data consist of 5514 events above 20 EeV with zenith angles up to 80 deg recorded before 2017 April 30. Sky models have been created for two distinct populations of extragalactic gamma-ray emitters: active galactic nuclei from the second catalog of hard Fermi-LAT sources (2FHL) and starburst galaxies from a sample that was examined with Fermi-LAT. Flux-limited samples, which include all types of galaxies from the Swift-BAT and 2MASS surveys, have been investigated for comparison. The sky model of cosmic-ray density constructed using each catalog has two free parameters, the fraction of events correlating with astrophysical objects and an angular scale characterizing the clustering of cosmic rays around extragalactic sources. A maximum-likelihood ratio test is used to evaluate the best values of these parameters and to quantify the strength of each model by contrast with isotropy. It is found that the starburst model fits the data better than the hypothesis of isotropy with a statistical significance of 4.0 sigma, the highest value of the test statistic being for energies above 39 EeV. The three alternative models are favored against isotropy with 2.7-3.2 sigma significance. The origin of the indicated deviation from isotropy is examined and prospects for more sensitive future studies are discussed., Comment: Published version, 10 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

296. Are optical and X-ray AGN mostly disjoint?

Author: Dai, Yu-Xiao and Farrar, Glennys R.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The relationship between the populations of optically and X-ray selected Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) has been unclear due to divergent results from different studies. Arnold et al. (2009) claim that X-ray AGN are almost entirely disjoint from optical AGN, while the Swift-BAT 70-month hard X-ray survey reported that 553 of their 711 X-ray AGN are optical. In this work, we set out to understand this difference by cross-checking between these studies and examining their sampling and AGN-selection criteria. We also re-analyze the X-ray and optical AGN in 16 groups and clusters reported by Arnold et al. using our own optical spectrum fitting techniques. We find that 6 of the 8 X-ray AGN in the Arnold et al. sample are also optical AGN, contrary to Arnold et al.'s report that only 1 of the 8 X-ray AGN is also an optical AGN, thereby falsifies their conclusion that optical and X-ray AGN are nearly disjoint sets.
Published: 2017

297. Energy loss during Dark Matter propagation in an overburden

Author: Mahdawi, M. Shafi and Farrar, Glennys R.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: As experimental constraints on DM interactions become ever more sensitive and push into new regimes of DM mass, it becomes more and more challenging to accurately model the process by which Dark Matter particles lose energy through scattering in the Earth's surface or other overburdens. We show that a commonly-used approximation due to Starkman, Gould, Esmailzadeh and Dimopoulos (SGED) can fail badly in computing the attenuation, even while being useful for an order-of-magnitude estimate of the maximum cross section reach. We introduce a method of importance sampling which makes Monte-Carlo simulation of energy loss feasible, in spite of factor-$10^7$ or greater attenuation. We demonstrate the validity of our new method and expose multiple problems with the SGED approximation, this reveals interesting features of the energy loss process. We spot-check the recent Emken, Kouvaris and Shoemaker "$5\,\Delta v$" prescription to place limits on cross sections based on a limited-statistics analysis, and find that an accurate simulation yields a factor of $\rm{4.4\times10^6}$ and $\rm{2.4\times10^4}$ larger number of events, for 50 MeV and 1 GeV DM mass respectively, than if the EKS $5\,\Delta v$ prescription were valid.
Published: 2017

298. Air-Sea Fluxes With a Focus on Heat and Momentum

Author: Cronin, Meghan F, Gentemann, Chelle L, Edson, James, Ueki, Iwao, Bourassa, Mark, Brown, Shannon, Clayson, Carol Anne, Fairall, Chris W, Farrar, J Thomas, Gille, Sarah T, Gulev, Sergey, Josey, Simon A, Kato, Seiji, Katsumata, Masaki, Kent, Elizabeth, Krug, Marjolaine, Minnett, Peter J, Parfitt, Rhys, Pinker, Rachel T, Jr, Stackhouse Paul W, Swart, Sebastiaan, Tomita, Hiroyuki, Vandemark, Douglas, AWeller, Robert, Yoneyama, Kunio, Yu, Lisan, and Zhang, Dongxiao
Subjects: air-sea heat flux, latent heat flux, surface radiation, ocean wind stress, autonomous surface vehicle, OceanSITES, ICOADS, satellite-based ocean monitoring system, Oceanography, Ecology
Published: 2019

299. Integrated Observations of Global Surface Winds, Currents, and Waves: Requirements and Challenges for the Next Decade

Author: Boas, Ana B Villas, Ardhuin, Fabrice, Ayet, Alex, Bourassa, Mark A, Brandt, Peter, Chapron, Betrand, Cornuelle, Bruce D, Farrar, JT, Fewings, Melanie R, Fox-Kemper, Baylor, Gille, Sarah T, Gommenginger, Christine, Heimbach, Patrick, Hell, Momme C, Li, Qing, Mazloff, Matthew R, Merrifield, Sophia T, Mouche, Alexis, Rio, Marie H, Rodriguez, Ernesto, Shutler, Jamie D, Subramanian, Aneesh C, Terrill, Eric J, Tsamados, Michel, Ubelmann, Clement, and van Sebille, Erik
Subjects: air-sea interactions, Doppler oceanography from space, surface waves, absolute surface velocity, ocean surface winds, Oceanography, Ecology
Published: 2019

300. Quantitative Assessment of Non-Pelvic Pressure Pain Sensitivity in Urological Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

Author: Harte, Steven E, Schrepf, Andrew, Gallop, Robert, Kruger, Grant H, Lai, Hing Hung Henry, Sutcliffe, Siobhan, Halvorson, Megan, Ichesco, Eric, Naliboff, Bruce D, Afari, Niloofar, Harris, Richard E, Farrar, John T, Tu, Frank, Landis, John Richard, and Clauw, Daniel J
Subjects: Clinical Research, Pain Research, Chronic Pain, Neurosciences, Urologic Diseases, Musculoskeletal, Adult, Chronic Disease, Cystitis, Interstitial, Female, Humans, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Threshold, Pelvic Pain, Prostatitis, Quantitative sensory testing, Pressure pain threshold, Interstitial cystitis, Bladder pain syndrome, Chronic prostatitis, Chronic pelvic pain syndrome, Central sensitization, MAPP Research Network, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Anesthesiology
Abstract: Experimental pain sensitivity was assessed in individuals with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) as part of the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Research Network. A series of computer-controlled pressure stimuli were delivered to the thumbnail bed, an asymptomatic site distant from the area of UCPPS pain that is considered to be indicative of overall body pain threshold. Stimuli were rated according to a standardized magnitude estimation protocol. Pain sensitivity in participants with UCPPS was compared with healthy controls and a mixed pain group composed of individuals with other chronic overlapping pain conditions, including fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, and irritable bowel syndromes. Data from 6 participating MAPP testing sites were pooled for analysis. Participants with UCPPS (n = 153) exhibited an intermediate pain sensitivity phenotype: they were less sensitive relative to the mixed pain group (n = 35) but significantly more sensitive than healthy controls (n = 100). Increased pain sensitivity in patients with UCPPS was associated with both higher levels of clinical pain severity and more painful body areas outside the pelvic region. Exploratory analyses in participants with UCPPS revealed that pain sensitivity increased during periods of urologic symptom flare and that less pressure pain sensitivity at baseline was associated with a greater likelihood of subsequent genitourinary pain improvement 1 year later. The finding that individuals with UCPPS demonstrate nonpelvic pain hypersensitivity that is related to clinical symptoms suggests that central nervous system mechanisms of pain amplification contribute to UCPPS.
Published: 2019

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

4,668 results on '"Farrar P"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources