Search

Your search keyword '"Eriksson, A. I."' showing total 1,831 results
Start Over Author "Eriksson, A. I."
1,831 results on '"Eriksson, A. I."'

255. Letters to the Editor

Author

Silbernagel, Karin Grävare, Thomeé, Roland, Eriksson, Bengt I., and Karlsson, Jon

Published
2007

266. A comparison of recombinant hirudin with a low-molecular-weight heparin to prevent thromboembolic complications after total hip replacement

Author

Eriksson, Bengt I., Wille-Jorgensen, Peer, Kalebo, Peter, Mouret, Patrick, Rosencher, Nadia, Bosch, Peter, Baur, Markus, Ekman, Steffan, Bach, Doris, Lindbratt, Siv, and Close, Philippe

Subjects
Thromboembolism -- Prevention, Artificial hip joints -- Health aspects, Anticoagulants (Medicine) -- Evaluation, Heparin -- Evaluation, Enoxaparin -- Evaluation, Venous thrombosis -- Prevention, Orthopedic surgery -- Complications, Hirudin -- Evaluation
Abstract

The anticoagulant, recombinant hirudin (desirudin), appears to be better than low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin) in preventing deep-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement surgery. Deep-vein thrombosis is the formation of blood clots in the legs, and the tested drugs work by slowing the clotting process. A total of 1,587 patients in 31 European medical centers were randomized into the two treatment groups. There were significantly fewer deep-vein clots in the desirudin group, 18.4%, than in those who received enoxaparin, 25.5%. Similar blood loss was experienced by both patient groups.

Published
1997

270. Cassini Measurements of Cold Plasma in the Ionosphere of Titan

Author

Wahlund, J.-E., Boström, R., Gustafsson, G., Gurnett, D. A., Kurth, W. S., Pedersen, A., Averkamp, T. F., Hospodarsky, G. B., Persoon, A. M., Canu, P., Neubauer, F. M., Dougherty, M. K., Eriksson, A. I., Morooka, M. W., Gill, R., André, M., Eliasson, L., and Müller-Wodarg, I.

Published
2005

278. Saturn's Ionosphere : Electron Density Altitude Profiles and D-Ring Interaction From The Cassini Grand Finale

Author

Hadid, Lina Z, Morooka, Michiko W, Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Persoon, A. M., Andrews, David J., Shebanits, O., Kurth, W. S., Vigren, Erik, Edberg, Niklas J. T., Nagy, A. F., Eriksson, Anders I, Hadid, Lina Z, Morooka, Michiko W, Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Persoon, A. M., Andrews, David J., Shebanits, O., Kurth, W. S., Vigren, Erik, Edberg, Niklas J. T., Nagy, A. F., and Eriksson, Anders I

Abstract

We present the electron density (n(e)) altitude profiles of Saturn's ionosphere at near-equatorial latitudes from all 23 orbits of Cassini's Grand Finale. The data are collected by the Langmuir probe part of the Radio and Plasma Wave Science investigation. A high degree of variability in the electron density profiles is observed. However, organizing them by consecutive altitude ranges revealed clear differences between the southern and northern hemispheres. The n(e) profiles are shown to be more variable and connected to the D-ring below 5,000 km in the southern hemisphere compared to the northern hemisphere. This observed variability is explained to be a consequence of an electrodynamic interaction with the D-ring. Moreover, a density altitude profile is constructed for the northern hemisphere indicating the presence of three different ionospheric layers. Similar properties were observed during Cassini's final plunge, where the main ionospheric peak is crossed at similar to 1,550-km altitude. Plain Language Summary The Cassini Langmuir probe measured directly the uppermost layer of Saturn's atmosphere, the ionosphere, during its Grand Finale. The observations revealed a layered electron density altitude profile with evidence in the southern hemisphere of an electrodynamic type of interaction with the planet innermost D-ring. Moreover, the main peak of the ionosphere is observed for the first time in the final plunge around 1,550 km.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

279. Saturn's Dusty Ionosphere

Author

Morooka, Michiko, Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Hadid, Lina Z., Eriksson, Anders I., Edberg, Niklas J. T., Vigren, Erik, Andrews, David J., Persoon, A. M., Kurth, W. S., Gurnett, D. A., Farrell, W. M., Waite, J. H., Perryman, R. S., Perry, M., Morooka, Michiko, Wahlund, Jan-Erik, Hadid, Lina Z., Eriksson, Anders I., Edberg, Niklas J. T., Vigren, Erik, Andrews, David J., Persoon, A. M., Kurth, W. S., Gurnett, D. A., Farrell, W. M., Waite, J. H., Perryman, R. S., and Perry, M.

Abstract

Measurements of electrons and ions in Saturn's ionosphere down to 1,500-km altitudes as well as the ring crossing region above the ionosphere obtained by the Langmuir probe onboard the Cassini spacecraft are presented. Five nearly identical deep ionosphere flybys during the Grand Finale orbits and the Final plunge orbit revealed a rapid increase in the plasma densities and discrepancies between the electrons and ions densities (N-e and N-i) near the closest approach. The small N-e/N-i ratio indicates the presence of a dusty plasma, a plasma which charge carrier is dominated by negatively charged heavy particles. Comparison of the Langmuir probe obtained density with the light ion density obtained by the Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer confirmed the presence of heavy ions. An unexpected positive floating potential of the probe was also observed when N-e/N-i << 1. This suggests that Saturn's ionosphere near the density peak is in a dusty plasma state consisting of negatively and positively charged heavy cluster ions. The electron temperature (T-e) characteristics in the ionosphere are also investigated and unexpectedly high electron temperature value, up to 5000 K, has been observed below 2,500-km altitude in a region where electron-neutral collisions should be prominent. A well-defined relationship between T-e and N-e/N-i ratio was found, implying that the electron heating at low altitudes is related to the dusty plasma state of the ionosphere.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

280. On the ion-neutral coupling in cometary comae

Author

Vigren, Erik, Eriksson, Anders I., Vigren, Erik, and Eriksson, Anders I.

Abstract

In a cometary coma, the ion-neutral decoupling distance, sometimes referred to as the ion exobase or collisionopause, can be defined as the cometocentric distance, r(in), where ions, initially moving with the neutral outgassing speed, have a probability of 1/e of not colliding with neutrals on their subsequent journey radially outwards. We present an analytical model for calculating this decoupling distance in the presence of a static radial electric field. We show that for a logarithmically decaying potential, the value of r(in) can even decrease to similar to 15 per cent of its field-free case value. Moreover, already at this distance, the effective ion speed can be expected to markedly exceed the neutral expansion velocity. These analytical results are in line with previous numerical calculations, adapting similar but not identical field profiles. The presence of a non-negligible ambipolar electric field and limited importance of ion-neutral collisional coupling are further supported by observations in the diamagnetic cavity of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by plasma instruments onboard Rosetta that reveal ion speeds several times higher than the neutral expansion velocity.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

281. The Evolution of the Electron Number Density in the Coma of Comet 67P at the Location of Rosetta from 2015 November through 2016 March

Author

Vigren, E., Edberg, N. J. T., Eriksson, A. , I, Galand, M., Henri, P., Johansson, F. L., Odelstad, Elias, Rubin, M., Vallieres, X., Vigren, E., Edberg, N. J. T., Eriksson, A. , I, Galand, M., Henri, P., Johansson, F. L., Odelstad, Elias, Rubin, M., and Vallieres, X.

Abstract

A comet ionospheric model assuming the plasma moves radially outward with the same bulk speed as the neutral gas and not being subject to severe reduction through dissociative recombination has previously been tested in a series of case studies associated with the Rosetta mission at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. It has been found that at low activity and within several tens of kilometers from the nucleus such models (which originally were developed for such conditions) generally work well in reproducing observed electron number densities, in particular when plasma production through both photoionization and electron-impact ionization is taken into account. Near perihelion, case studies have, on the contrary, shown that applying similar assumptions overestimates the observed electron number densities at the location of Rosetta. Here we compare Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis/Comet Pressure sensor-driven model results with Rosetta Plasma Consortium/Mutual Impedance Probe-derived electron number densities for an extended time period (2015 November through 2016 March) during the postperihelion phase with southern summer/spring. We observe a gradual transition from a state when the model grossly overestimates (by more than a factor of 10) the observations to being in reasonable agreement during 2016 March., QC 20190925

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

282. Post-anaesthesia pulmonary complications after use of muscle relaxants (POPULAR) : a multicentre, prospective observational study.

Author

Kirmeier, Eva, Eriksson, Lars I, Lewald, Heidrun, Jonsson Fagerlund, Malin, Hoeft, Andreas, Hollmann, Markus, Meistelman, Claude, Hunter, Jennifer M, Ulm, Kurt, Blobner, Manfred, Kirmeier, Eva, Eriksson, Lars I, Lewald, Heidrun, Jonsson Fagerlund, Malin, Hoeft, Andreas, Hollmann, Markus, Meistelman, Claude, Hunter, Jennifer M, Ulm, Kurt, and Blobner, Manfred

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Results from retrospective studies suggest that use of neuromuscular blocking agents during general anaesthesia might be linked to postoperative pulmonary complications. We therefore aimed to assess whether the use of neuromuscular blocking agents is associated with postoperative pulmonary complications. METHODS: We did a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study. Patients were recruited from 211 hospitals in 28 European countries. We included patients (aged ≥18 years) who received general anaesthesia for any in-hospital procedure except cardiac surgery. Patient characteristics, surgical and anaesthetic details, and chart review at discharge were prospectively collected over 2 weeks. Additionally, each patient underwent postoperative physical examination within 3 days of surgery to check for adverse pulmonary events. The study outcome was the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications from the end of surgery up to postoperative day 28. Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for surgical factors and patients' preoperative physical status, providing adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and adjusted absolute risk reduction (ARRadj). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01865513. FINDINGS: Between June 16, 2014, and April 29, 2015, data from 22 803 patients were collected. The use of neuromuscular blocking agents was associated with an increased incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients who had undergone general anaesthesia (1658 [7·6%] of 21 694); ORadj 1·86, 95% CI 1·53-2·26; ARRadj -4·4%, 95% CI -5·5 to -3·2). Only 2·3% of high-risk surgical patients and those with adverse respiratory profiles were anaesthetised without neuromuscular blocking agents. The use of neuromuscular monitoring (ORadj 1·31, 95% CI 1·15-1·49; ARRadj -2·6%, 95% CI -3·9 to -1·4) and the administration of reversal agents (1·23, 1·07-1·41; -1·9%, -3·2 to -0·7) were not associated with a decreased risk of postoperative pulmonary

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

283. Post-anaesthesia pulmonary complications after use of muscle relaxants (POPULAR): a multicentre, prospective observational study

Author

Kirmeier, E, Eriksson, L, Lewald, H, Jonsson Fagerlund, M, Hoeft, A, Hollmann, M, Meistelman, C, Hunter, J, Ulm, K, Blobner, M, Abad Gurumeta, A, Abernethy, C, Abigail, P, Achaibar, K, Adam, E, Afshari, A, Agudelo Montoya, M, Akgun, F, Aletti, G, Alkis, N, Allan, K, Allan, A, Allaouchiche, B, Allcock, C, Almasy, E, Amey, I, Amigoni, M, Andersen, E, Andersson, P, Anipchenko, N, Antunes, P, Armstrong, E, Aslam, T, Aslin, B, Assuncao, J, Ausserer, J, Avvai, M, Awad, N, Ayas Montero, B, Ayuso, M, Azevedo, P, Badarau, V, Badescu, R, Baiardo Redaelli, M, Baird, C, Baird, Y, Baker, T, Balaji, P, Balan, C, Balandin, A, Balescu-Arion, C, Baliuliene, V, Baltasar Isabel, J, Baluch, S, Bandrabur, D, Bankewitz, C, Barber, K, Barbera, F, Barcraft-Barnes, H, Barletti, V, Barnett, G, Baron, K, Barros, A, Barsan, V, Bartlett, P, Batistaki, C, Baumgarten, G, Baytas, V, Beauchamp, N, Becerra Cayetano, I, Bell, S, Bellandi, M, Belletti, A, Belmonte Cuenca, J, Benitez-Cano, A, Beretta, L, Berger, M, Bergmann, N, Bergmark, K, Bermudez Lopez, M, Bernotaite, M, Beurskens, C, Bidd, H, Bifulco, F, Bignami, E, Bilic, A, Bilskiene, D, Bischoff, P, Bishop, L, Bjonness, T, Blaylock, H, Blethyn, K, Blincoe, T, Blokhin, I, Blunt, N, Boer, C, Bois, G, Bonicolini, E, Booth, J, Borecka-Kedzierska, M, Borstnar, K, Borys, M, Boselli, E, Bouvet, L, Bouwman, A, Bowen, L, Bowrey, S, Boxall, L, Bozic, T, Bradley, T, Branco, T, Brazzi, L, Brazzoni, M, Brear, T, Brogly, N, Brohi, F, Broms, J, Bubliauskas, A, Bucolo, G, Buerkle, H, Buggy, D, Buhre, W, Bukauskas, T, Butturini, F, Byttner, A, Cabrera Diaz, I, Calderon, A, Calhau, R, Callejo, A, Cammu, G, Campesato, M, Can, O, Candeias, M, Cantor, A, Carise, E, Carmona, C, Carreteiro, J, Carrieri, C, Carter, A, Casal, M, Casanova, I, Cascella, M, Casero, L, Casiraghi, G, Castelo-Branco, L, Castro Arranz, C, Cernea, D, Cervantes, J, Chandler, B, Charnock, R, Chatzimicali, A, Chinery, E, Chishti, A, Chondhury, P, Christie, E, Christodoudiles, G, Ciardo, S, Cimpeanu, L, Cindea, I, Cinnella, G, Clark, S, Clayton, M, Cocu, S, Collyer, T, Colvin, C, Cope, S, Copeta, F, Copotoiu, S, Correia de Barros, F, Corso, R, Cortegiani, A, Costa, G, Cowton, A, Cox, N, Craig, J, Cricca, V, Cronin, J, Cunha, M, Cuomo, A, Curley, K, Czuczwar, M, Dabrowska, D, Damster, S, Danguy des Deserts, M, Daniliuc, A, Danninger, T, Darwish, I, Dascalu, C, Davies, K, Davies, S, De Boer, H, De Flaviis, A, De Selincourt, G, Deana, C, Debaene, B, Debreceni, G, Dedhia, J, Delgado Garcia, I, Della Rocca, G, Delroy-Buelles, L, Desai, T, Dhillon, P, Di Giacinto, I, Di Mauro, P, Diaz Gomez, T, Dimitrovski, A, Dinic, V, Dirzu, D, Divander, M, Dolinar, J, Domingues, S, Doolan, J, Downes, C, Dragoescu, N, Droc, G, Dum, E, Dumitrescu, A, Duncan, L, Dzurnakova, P, Eberl, S, Edwards, J, Edwards, M, Ekelund, K, Ekengren, P, Elghouty, E, Ellerkmann, R, Ellis, H, Elme, A, Ernst, T, Errando, C, Estenes, S, Ewaldsson, C, Farid, N, Featherstone, J, Febres, D, Fedorov, S, Feggeler, J, Feijten, P, Fellmann, T, Fernandez Candil, J, Fernandez Castineira, A, Fernandez Castineira, J, Fernando, A, Ferrando, C, Ferreira, L, Ferreira, P, Feyling, A, Filipescu, D, Fleischer, A, Floris, L, Foerster, U, Fox, B, Franke, U, Frasca, D, Frey, C, Frost, V, Fullin, G, Fumagalli, J, Furneval, J, Fusari, M, Gallacher, S, Galushka, S, Gambale, G, Gambino, I, Garcia-Perez, M, Garg, S, Garlak, J, Gavranovic, Z, Gavrilov, R, Gaynor, L, Gecaj Gashi, A, Georghiou, M, Gerjevic, B, Gferer, G, Giarratano, A, Gibson, A, Gievski, V, Giles, J, Gillberg, L, Gilowska, K, Gilsanz Rodriguez, F, Gioia, A, Giovannoni, C, Girotra, V, Gkinas, D, Gkiokas, G, Godoroja, D, Goebel, U, Goel, V, Gonzalez, M, Goranovic, T, Gornik-Wlaszczuk, E, Gosavi, S, Gottfridsson, P, Gottschalk, A, Granell, M, Granstrom, A, Grassetto, A, Greenwood, A, Grigoras, I, Grintescu, I, Gritsan, A, Gritsan, G, Grynyuk, A, Guadagnin, G, Guarnieri, M, Guclu, C, Guerrero Diez, M, Gunenc, F, Gunther, U, Gupta, P, Guttenthaler, V, Hack, Y, Hafisayena, A, Hagau, N, Haldar, J, Hales, D, Hanci, V, Hanna-Jumma, S, Harazim, H, Harlet, P, Harper, D, Harris, B, Harvey, O, Hashimi, M, Hawkins, L, Hayes, C, Heaton, J, Heier, T, Helliwell, L, Hemmes, S, Henderson, K, Hermanides, J, Hermanns, H, Herrera Hueso, B, Hestenes, S, Hettiarachchi, R, Highgate, J, Hodgson, K, Hoelbling, D, Holland, J, Horhota, L, Hormis, A, Hribar, R, Hua, A, Humphreys, S, Humphries, R, Humplikova, S, Hunt, J, Husnain, A, Hussein, A, Hyams, B, Iannuccelli, F, Ilette, K, Ilyas, C, Inan, T, India, I, Ionitav, V, Irwin, F, Jain, V, Janez, B, Jankovic, R, Jenkins, S, Jenko, M, Jimenez, R, Jimenez Gomez, B, Joachim, S, Joelsson-Alm, E, John, J, Jonikaite, L, Jovic, M, Jungwirth, B, Junke, E, Kabakov, B, Kadaoui, S, Kanski, A, Karadag, S, Karbonskiene, A, Karjagin, J, Kasnik, D, Katanolli, F, Katsika, E, Kaufmann, K, Keane, H, Kelly, M, Kent, M, Keraitiene, G, Khudhur, A, Khuenl-Brady, K, Kidd, L, King, S, Kirchgassner, K, Klancir, T, Klucniks, A, Knotzer, J, Knowlden, P, Koers, L, Kompan, J, Koneti, K, Kooij, F, Koolen, E, Koopman - van Gemert, A, Kopp, K, Korfiotis, D, Korolkov, O, Kosinova, M, Kostenberger, M, Kotzinger, O, Kovacevic, M, Kranke, P, Kranke, E, Kraus, C, Kraus, S, Kubitzek, C, Kucharski, R, Kucukguclu, S, Kudrashou, A, Kumar, V, Kummen, L, Kunit, C, Kushakovsky, V, Kuvaki, B, Kuzmanovska, B, Kyttari, A, Landoni, G, Lau, G, Lazarev, K, Legett, S, Legrottaglie, A, Leonardi, S, Leong, M, Lercher, H, Leuvrey, M, Leva, B, Levstek, M, Limb, J, Lindholm, E, Linton, F, Liperi, C, Lipski, F, Lirk, P, Lisi, A, Liskova, K, Lluch Oltra, A, Loganathan, V, Lombardi, S, Lopez, E, Lopez Rodriguez, M, Lorenzini, L, Lowicka, M, Lugovoy, A, Luippold, M, Lumb, A, Macas, A, Macgregor, M, Machado, H, Maciariello, M, Madeira, I, Maitan, S, Majewski, J, Maldini, B, Malewski, G, Manfredini, L, Manner, O, Marchand, B, Marcu, A, Margalef, J, Margarson, M, Marinheiro, L, Markic, A, Markovic Bozic, J, Marrazzo, F, Martin, J, Martin Ayuso, M, Martinez, E, Martino, E, Martinson, V, Marusic-Gaser, K, Mascarenhas, C, Mathis, C, Matsota, P, Mavrommati, E, Mazul Sunko, B, Mccourt, K, Mcgill, N, Mckee, R, Meco, B, Meier, S, Melbourne, S, Melbybrathen, G, Meli, A, Melia, A, Melotti, R, Menga, M, Mercer, P, Merotra, S, Mescolini, S, Metterlein, T, Michalov, M, Michlig, S, Midgley, S, Milic, M, Milojevic, M, Minana, A, Minto, G, Mirabella, L, Mirea, L, Mittelstadt, L, Moeglen, A, Moise, A, Mokini, Z, Molin, A, Molto, L, Monea, M, Montalto, F, Montgomery, J, Montgomery, C, Montillo, G, Moore, S, Moore, F, Moreira, Z, Moreno, T, Moreno, R, Moret, E, Moreton, S, Morgan, M, Moro Velasco, C, Morri, D, Moull, A, Moura, F, Mraz, P, Mrozek, K, Mukhtar, K, Muniyappa, S, Murray, H, Murthy, B, Mushambi, M, Nadolski, M, Nardelli, P, Nardin, G, Navarro Perez, R, Naveiro, A, Negri, M, Nesek Adam, V, Neskovic, V, Neuwersch, S, Neves, M, Nguyen, B, Ni Eochagain, A, Nicholas, C, Nightingale, J, Norrie, K, Novak-Jankovic, V, Novakova, A, Novillo, M, Numan, S, Oduro-Dominah, L, Oldner, A, Oliveira, I, Ologoiu, D, Oloktsidou, I, O'Reilly, R, Orlando, A, Ovezov, A, Ozbilgin, S, Paal, P, Padin Barreiro, L, Palugniok, R, Papaioannou, A, Papapostolou, K, Paranthaman, P, Pardey Bracho, G, Parente, S, Parfeni, A, Pasin, L, Passey, S, Pastor, E, Patch, S, Patil, A, Paunescu, M, Pehboeck, D, Pereira, M, Pereira, C, Perez Caballero, P, Perez Garcia, A, Perez Soto, A, Perez Tejero, G, Perez-Cerda, F, Pesenti, A, Petta, R, Philippe, S, Pickering, D, Pico Veloso, J, Pina, P, Pinho-Oliveira, V, Pinol, S, Pinto, R, Pistidda, L, Pitterle, M, Piwowarczyk, P, Plotnikova, O, Pohl, H, Poldermann, J, Polkovicova, L, Pompei, L, Popescu, M, Popovic, R, Pota, V, Potocnik, M, Potrec, B, Potter, A, Pramod, N, Prchalova, M, Preckel, B, Pugh, R, Pulletz, M, Radoeshki, A, Rafi, A, Ragazzi, R, Raineri Santi, M, Rajamanickam, T, Rajput, Z, Ramachandran, R, Ramasamy, R, Ramessur, S, Rao, R, Rasmussen, A, Rato, A, Razaque, U, Real Navacerrada, M, Reavley, C, Reid, J, Reschreiter, H, Rial, E, Ribas Carrasco, P, Ribeiro, S, Rich, N, Richardson, L, Rimaitis, K, Rimaitis, M, Ringvold, E, Ripke, F, Ristescu, I, Ritchie, K, Rodenas, F, Rodrigues, P, Rogers, E, Rogerson, D, Romagnoli, S, Romero, E, Rondovic, G, Rose, B, Roth, W, Rotter, M, Rousseau, G, Rudjord, A, Rueffert, H, Rundgren, M, Rupprecht, K, Rushton, A, Russotto, V, Rypulak, E, Ryszka, M, Sa, J, Sa Couto, P, Saby, S, Sagic, J, Saleh, O, Sales, G, Sanchez Sanchez, Y, Sanghera, S, Sanli Karip, C, Santiveri Papiol, F, Santos, S, Sarno, S, Saul, D, Saunders, D, Savic, N, Scalco, L, Scanlon, D, Schaller, S, Schax, C, Scheffer, G, Schening, A, Schiavone, V, Schmidt-Ehrenberg, F, Schmidt-Mutter, C, Schonberg, C, Schopflin, C, Schreiber, J, Schultz, M, Schurig, M, Scott, C, Sebestian, S, Sehgal, S, Sem, V, Semenas, E, Serafini, E, Serchan, P, Shields, M, Shobha, R, Shosholcheva, M, Siamansour, T, Siddaiah, N, Siddiqi, K, Sinclair, R, Singh, P, Singh, R, Sinha, A, Skinner, A, Smee, E, Smekalova, O, Smith, N, Smith, T, Smitz, C, Smole, D, Sojcic, N, Soler Pedrola, M, Somanath, S, Sonksen, J, Sorella, M, Sormus, A, Soro, M, Soto, C, Spada, A, Spadaro, S, Spaeth, J, Sparr, H, Spielmann, A, Spindler-Vesel, A, Stamelos, M, Stancombe L, L, Stanculescu, A, Standl, T, Standley, T, Stanek, O, Stanisavljevic, S, Starczewska, M, Stauble, C, Steen, J, Stefan, O, Stell, E, Stera, C, Stevens, M, Stoerckel, M, Stosic, B, Stourac, P, Stroumpoulis, K, Struck, R, Suarez de la Rica, A, Sultanpori, A, Sundara Rajan, R, Suying, O, Svensen, C, Swan, L, Syrogianni, P, Sysiak, J, Szederjesi, J, Taddei, S, Tan Hao, E, Tanou, V, Tarabova, K, Tardaguila Sancho, P, Tarroso, M, Tartaglione, M, Taylor, E, Tbaily, L, Telford, R, Terenzoni, M, Theodoraki, K, Thornley, H, Tiganiuc, L, Toim, H, Tomescu, D, Tommasino, C, Toni, J, Toninelli, A, Toretti, I, Townley, S, Trepenaitis, D, Trethowan, B, Tsaousi, G, Tsiftsi, A, Tudor, A, Turan, G, Turhan, S, Unic-Stojanovic, D, Unterbuchner, C, Unzueta, C, Uranjek, J, Ursic, T, Vaida, S, Valldeperas Ferrer, S, Valldeperas Hernandez, M, Valsamidis, D, Van Beek, R, Van dasselaer, N, Van Der Beek, T, Van Duivenvoorde, Y, van Klei, W, Van Poorter, F, Van Zaane, B, Van Zundert, T, Van Zyl, R, Vargas Munoz, A, Varsani, N, Vasconcelos, P, Vassilakis, G, Vecchiatini, T, Vecera, L, Vercauteren, M, Verdouw, B, Verheyen, V, Verri, M, Vicari Sottosanti, L, Vico, M, Vidal Mitjans, P, Vilardi, A, Vissicchio, D, Vitale, G, Vitkovic, B, Vizcaychipi, M, Voicu, A, Voje, M, Volfova, I, Volta, C, Von Lutterotti, T, von Tiesenhausen, A, Vrecic-Slabe, S, Vukcevic, D, Vukovic, R, Vullo, P, Wade, A, Wallberg, H, Wallden, J, Wallner, J, Walther Sturesson, L, Watson, D, Weber, S, Wegiel Leskiewiq, A, Weller, D, Wensing, C, Werkmann, M, Westberg, H, Wikstrom, E, Williams, B, Wilson, R, Wirth, S, Wittmann, M, Wood, L, Wright, S, Zachoval, C, Zambon, M, Zampieri, S, Zampone, S, Zangrillo, A, Zani, G, Zavackiene, A, Zieglerder, R, Zonneveldt, H, Zsisku, L, Zucker, T, Zukowski, M, Zuleika, M, Zupaneie, D, Kirmeier E., Eriksson L. I., Lewald H., Jonsson Fagerlund M., Hoeft A., Hollmann M., Meistelman C., Hunter J. M., Ulm K., Blobner M., Abad Gurumeta A., Abernethy C., Abigail P., Achaibar K., Adam E., Afshari A., Agudelo Montoya M. E., Akgun F. N., Aletti G., Alkis N., Allan K., Allan A., Allaouchiche B., Allcock C., Almasy E., Amey I., Amigoni M., Andersen E., Andersson P., Anipchenko N., Antunes P., Armstrong E., Aslam T. N., Aslin B., Assuncao J. P., Ausserer J., Avvai M., Awad N., Ayas Montero B., Ayuso M., Azevedo P., Badarau V., Badescu R., Baiardo Redaelli M., Baird C., Baird Y., Baker T., Balaji P., Balan C., Balandin A., Balescu-Arion C., Baliuliene V., Baltasar Isabel J., Baluch S. N., Bandrabur D., Bankewitz C., Barber K., Barbera F., Barcraft-Barnes H., Barletti V., Barnett G., Baron K., Barros A., Barsan V., Bartlett P., Batistaki C., Baumgarten G., Baytas V., Beauchamp N., Becerra Cayetano I. A., Bell S., Bellandi M., Belletti A., Belmonte Cuenca J., Benitez-Cano A., Beretta L., Berger M., Bergmann N., Bergmark K., Bermudez Lopez M., Bernotaite M., Beurskens C., Bidd H., Bifulco F., Bignami E., Bilic A., Bilskiene D., Bischoff P., Bishop L., Bjonness T., Blaylock H., Blethyn K., Blincoe T., Blokhin I., Blunt N., Boer C., Bois G., Bonicolini E., Booth J., Borecka-Kedzierska M., Borstnar K., Borys M., Boselli E., Bouvet L., Bouwman A., Bowen L., Bowrey S., Boxall L., Bozic T., Bradley T., Branco T., Brazzi L., Brazzoni M., Brear T., Brogly N., Brohi F., Broms J., Bubliauskas A., Bucolo G. E., Buerkle H., Buggy D., Buhre W., Bukauskas T., Butturini F., Byttner A., Cabrera Diaz I., Calderon A., Calhau R., Callejo A., Cammu G., Campesato M., Can O. S., Candeias M., Cantor A., Carise E., Carmona C., Carreteiro J., Carrieri C., Carter A., Casal M., Casanova I., Cascella M., Casero L. M., Casiraghi G. M., Castelo-Branco L., Castro Arranz C., Cernea D. D., Cervantes J., Chandler B., Charnock R., Chatzimicali A., Chinery E., Chishti A., Chondhury P., Christie E., Christodoudiles G., Ciardo S., Cimpeanu L., Cindea I., Cinnella G., Clark S., Clayton M., Cocu S., Collyer T., Colvin C., Cope S., Copeta F., Copotoiu S. -M., Correia de Barros F., Corso R. M., Cortegiani A., Costa G., Cowton A., Cox N., Craig J., Cricca V., Cronin J., Cunha M., Cuomo A., Curley K., Czuczwar M., Dabrowska D., Damster S., Danguy des Deserts M., Daniliuc A., Danninger T., Darwish I., Dascalu C., Davies K., Davies S., De Boer H., De Flaviis A., De Selincourt G., Deana C., Debaene B., Debreceni G., Dedhia J., Delgado Garcia I., Della Rocca G., Delroy-Buelles L., Desai T., Dhillon P., Di Giacinto I., Di Mauro P., Diaz Gomez T. V., Dimitrovski A., Dinic V., Dirzu D. -S., Divander M. B., Dolinar J., Domingues S., Doolan J., Downes C., Dragoescu N. A., Droc G., Dum E., Dumitrescu A., Duncan L., Dzurnakova P., Eberl S., Edwards J., Edwards M., Ekelund K., Ekengren P., Elghouty E., Ellerkmann R., Ellis H., Elme A., Ernst T., Errando C. L., Estenes S., Ewaldsson C., Farid N., Featherstone J., Febres D., Fedorov S., Feggeler J., Feijten P., Fellmann T., Fernandez Candil J., Fernandez Castineira A., Fernandez Castineira J., Fernando A., Ferrando C., Ferreira L., Ferreira P., Feyling A., Filipescu D., Fleischer A., Floris L., Foerster U., Fox B., Franke U., Frasca D., Frey C., Frost V., Fullin G., Fumagalli J., Furneval J., Fusari M., Gallacher S., Galushka S., Gambale G., Gambino I., Garcia-Perez M. L., Garg S., Garlak J., Gavranovic Z., Gavrilov R., Gaynor L., Gecaj Gashi A., Georghiou M., Gerjevic B., Gferer G., Giarratano A., Gibson A., Gievski V., Giles J., Gillberg L., Gilowska K., Gilsanz Rodriguez F., Gioia A., Giovannoni C., Girotra V., Gkinas D., Gkiokas G., Godoroja D., Goebel U., Goel V., Gonzalez M., Goranovic T., Gornik-Wlaszczuk E., Gosavi S., Gottfridsson P., Gottschalk A., Granell M., Granstrom A., Grassetto A., Greenwood A., Grigoras I., Grintescu I., Gritsan A., Gritsan G., Grynyuk A., Guadagnin G. M., Guarnieri M., Guclu C., Guerrero Diez M., Gunenc F., Gunther U., Gupta P., Guttenthaler V., Hack Y., Hafisayena A., Hagau N., Haldar J., Hales D., Hanci V., Hanna-Jumma S., Harazim H., Harlet P., Harper D., Harris B., Harvey O., Hashimi M., Hawkins L., Hayes C., Heaton J., Heier T., Helliwell L., Hemmes S., Henderson K., Hermanides J., Hermanns H., Herrera Hueso B., Hestenes S., Hettiarachchi R., Highgate J., Hodgson K., Hoelbling D., Holland J., Horhota L., Hormis A., Hribar R., Hua A., Humphreys S., Humphries R., Humplikova S., Hunt J., Husnain A., Hussein A., Hyams B., Iannuccelli F., Ilette K., Ilyas C., Inan T., India I., Ionitav V., Irwin F., Jain V., Janez B., Jankovic R., Jenkins S., Jenko M., Jimenez R., Jimenez Gomez B., Joachim S., Joelsson-Alm E., John J., Jonikaite L., Jovic M., Jungwirth B., Junke E., Kabakov B., Kadaoui S. -D., Kanski A., Karadag S., Karbonskiene A., Karjagin J., Kasnik D., Katanolli F., Katsika E., Kaufmann K., Keane H., Kelly M., Kent M., Keraitiene G., Khudhur A., Khuenl-Brady K., Kidd L., King S., Kirchgassner K., Klancir T., Klucniks A., Knotzer J., Knowlden P., Koers L., Kompan J., Koneti K. K., Kooij F., Koolen E., Koopman - van Gemert A. W. M. M., Kopp K., Korfiotis D., Korolkov O., Kosinova M., Kostenberger M., Kotzinger O., Kovacevic M., Kranke P., Kranke E., Kraus C., Kraus S., Kubitzek C., Kucharski R., Kucukguclu S., Kudrashou A., Kumar V., Kummen L., Kunit C., Kushakovsky V., Kuvaki B., Kuzmanovska B., Kyttari A., Landoni G., Lau G., Lazarev K., Legett S., Legrottaglie A. M., Leonardi S., Leong M., Lercher H., Leuvrey M., Leva B., Levstek M., Limb J., Lindholm E., Linton F., Liperi C., Lipski F., Lirk P., Lisi A., Liskova K., Lluch Oltra A., Loganathan V., Lombardi S., Lopez E., Lopez Rodriguez M., Lorenzini L., Lowicka M., Lugovoy A., Luippold M., Lumb A., Macas A., Macgregor M., Machado H., Maciariello M., Madeira I., Maitan S., Majewski J., Maldini B., Malewski G., Manfredini L., Manner O., Marchand B., Marcu A., Margalef J., Margarson M., Marinheiro L., Markic A., Markovic Bozic J., Marrazzo F., Martin J., Martin Ayuso M., Martinez E., Martino E. A., Martinson V., Marusic-Gaser K., Mascarenhas C., Mathis C., Matsota P., Mavrommati E., Mazul Sunko B., McCourt K., McGill N., McKee R., Meco B. C., Meier S., Melbourne S., Melbybrathen G., Meli A., Melia A., Melotti R. M., Menga M. R., Mercer P., Merotra S., Mescolini S., Metterlein T., Michalov M., Michlig S., Midgley S., Milic M., Milojevic M., Minana A., Minto G., Mirabella L., Mirea L., Mittelstadt L., Moeglen A., Moise A., Mokini Z., Molin A., Molto L., Monea M. C., Montalto F., Montgomery J., Montgomery C., Montillo G., Moore S., Moore F., Moreira Z., Moreno T., Moreno R., Moret E., Moreton S., Morgan M., Moro Velasco C., Morri D., Moull A., Moura F., Mraz P., Mrozek K., Mukhtar K., Muniyappa S., Murray H., Murthy B. V., Mushambi M., Nadolski M., Nardelli P., Nardin G., Navarro Perez R., Naveiro A., Negri M., Nesek Adam V., Neskovic V., Neuwersch S., Neves M., Nguyen B., Ni Eochagain A., Nicholas C., Nightingale J., Norrie K., Novak-Jankovic V., Novakova A., Novillo M., Numan S., Oduro-Dominah L., Oldner A., Oliveira I., Ologoiu D., Oloktsidou I., O'Reilly R., Orlando A., Ovezov A., Ozbilgin S., Paal P., Padin Barreiro L., Palugniok R., Papaioannou A., Papapostolou K., Paranthaman P., Pardey Bracho G., Parente S., Parfeni A., Pasin L., Passey S., Pastor E., Patch S., Patil A., Paunescu M. -A., Pehboeck D., Pereira M., Pereira C., Perez Caballero P., Perez Garcia A., Perez Soto A., Perez Tejero G., Perez-Cerda F., Pesenti A., Petta R., Philippe S., Pickering D., Pico Veloso J., Pina P., Pinho-Oliveira V., Pinol S., Pinto R., Pistidda L., Pitterle M., Piwowarczyk P., Plotnikova O., Pohl H., Poldermann J., Polkovicova L., Pompei L., Popescu M., Popovic R., Pota V., Potocnik M., Potrec B., Potter A., Pramod N., Prchalova M., Preckel B., Pugh R., Pulletz M., Radoeshki A., Rafi A., Ragazzi R., Raineri Santi M., Rajamanickam T., Rajput Z., Ramachandran R., Ramasamy R., Ramessur S., Rao R., Rasmussen A., Rato A., Razaque U., Real Navacerrada M. I., Reavley C., Reid J., Reschreiter H., Rial E., Ribas Carrasco P., Ribeiro S., Rich N., Richardson L., Rimaitis K., Rimaitis M., Ringvold E. -M., Ripke F., Ristescu I., Ritchie K., Rodenas F., Rodrigues P., Rogers E., Rogerson D., Romagnoli S., Romero E., Rondovic G., Rose B. O., Roth W., Rotter M. -T., Rousseau G., Rudjord A., Rueffert H., Rundgren M., Rupprecht K., Rushton A., Russotto V., Rypulak E., Ryszka M., Sa J., Sa Couto P., Saby S., Sagic J., Saleh O., Sales G., Sanchez Sanchez Y., Sanghera S., Sanli Karip C., Santiveri Papiol F. J., Santos S., Sarno S., Saul D., Saunders D., Savic N., Scalco L., Scanlon D., Schaller S., Schax C., Scheffer G. J., Schening A., Schiavone V., Schmidt-Ehrenberg F., Schmidt-Mutter C., Schonberg C., Schopflin C., Schreiber J. -U., Schultz M., Schurig M., Scott C., Sebestian S., Sehgal S., Sem V., Semenas E., Serafini E., Serchan P., Shields M., Shobha R., Shosholcheva M., Siamansour T., Siddaiah N., Siddiqi K., Sinclair R., Singh P., Singh R., Sinha A., Skinner A., Smee E., Smekalova O., Smith N., Smith T., Smitz C., Smole D., Sojcic N., Soler Pedrola M., Somanath S., Sonksen J., Sorella M. C., Sormus A., Soro M., Soto C., Spada A., Spadaro S., Spaeth J., Sparr H., Spielmann A., Spindler-Vesel A., Stamelos M., Stancombe L L., Stanculescu A., Standl T., Standley T., Stanek O., Stanisavljevic S., Starczewska M., Stauble C., Steen J., Stefan O. M., Stell E., Stera C., Stevens M., Stoerckel M., Stosic B., Stourac P., Stroumpoulis K., Struck R., Suarez de la Rica A., Sultanpori A., Sundara Rajan R., Suying O., Svensen C., Swan L., Syrogianni P., Sysiak J., Szederjesi J., Taddei S., Tan Hao E., Tanou V., Tarabova K., Tardaguila Sancho P., Tarroso M., Tartaglione M., Taylor E., Tbaily L., Telford R., Terenzoni M., Theodoraki K., Thornley H., Tiganiuc L., Toim H., Tomescu D., Tommasino C., Toni J., Toninelli A., Toretti I., Townley S., Trepenaitis D., Trethowan B., Tsaousi G., Tsiftsi A., Tudor A., Turan G., Turhan S. C., Unic-Stojanovic D., Unterbuchner C., Unzueta C., Uranjek J., Ursic T., Vaida S., Valldeperas Ferrer S., Valldeperas Hernandez M. I., Valsamidis D., Van Beek R., Van dasselaer N., Van Der Beek T., Van Duivenvoorde Y., van Klei W. A., Van Poorter F., Van Zaane B., Van Zundert T., Van Zyl R., Vargas Munoz A. M., Varsani N., Vasconcelos P., Vassilakis G., Vecchiatini T., Vecera L., Vercauteren M., Verdouw B., Verheyen V., Verri M., Vicari Sottosanti L. G., Vico M., Vidal Mitjans P., Vilardi A., Vissicchio D., Vitale G., Vitkovic B., Vizcaychipi M. P., Voicu A., Voje M., Volfova I., Volta C. A., Von Lutterotti T., von Tiesenhausen A., Vrecic-Slabe S., Vukcevic D., Vukovic R., Vullo P. A., Wade A., Wallberg H., Wallden J., Wallner J., Walther Sturesson L., Watson D., Weber S., Wegiel Leskiewiq A., Weller D., Wensing C., Werkmann M., Westberg H., Wikstrom E., Williams B., Wilson R., Wirth S., Wittmann M., Wood L., Wright S., Zachoval C., Zambon M., Zampieri S., Zampone S., Zangrillo A., Zani G., Zavackiene A., Zieglerder R., Zonneveldt H., Zsisku L., Zucker T. -P., Zukowski M., Zuleika M., Zupaneie D., Kirmeier, E, Eriksson, L, Lewald, H, Jonsson Fagerlund, M, Hoeft, A, Hollmann, M, Meistelman, C, Hunter, J, Ulm, K, Blobner, M, Abad Gurumeta, A, Abernethy, C, Abigail, P, Achaibar, K, Adam, E, Afshari, A, Agudelo Montoya, M, Akgun, F, Aletti, G, Alkis, N, Allan, K, Allan, A, Allaouchiche, B, Allcock, C, Almasy, E, Amey, I, Amigoni, M, Andersen, E, Andersson, P, Anipchenko, N, Antunes, P, Armstrong, E, Aslam, T, Aslin, B, Assuncao, J, Ausserer, J, Avvai, M, Awad, N, Ayas Montero, B, Ayuso, M, Azevedo, P, Badarau, V, Badescu, R, Baiardo Redaelli, M, Baird, C, Baird, Y, Baker, T, Balaji, P, Balan, C, Balandin, A, Balescu-Arion, C, Baliuliene, V, Baltasar Isabel, J, Baluch, S, Bandrabur, D, Bankewitz, C, Barber, K, Barbera, F, Barcraft-Barnes, H, Barletti, V, Barnett, G, Baron, K, Barros, A, Barsan, V, Bartlett, P, Batistaki, C, Baumgarten, G, Baytas, V, Beauchamp, N, Becerra Cayetano, I, Bell, S, Bellandi, M, Belletti, A, Belmonte Cuenca, J, Benitez-Cano, A, Beretta, L, Berger, M, Bergmann, N, Bergmark, K, Bermudez Lopez, M, Bernotaite, M, Beurskens, C, Bidd, H, Bifulco, F, Bignami, E, Bilic, A, Bilskiene, D, Bischoff, P, Bishop, L, Bjonness, T, Blaylock, H, Blethyn, K, Blincoe, T, Blokhin, I, Blunt, N, Boer, C, Bois, G, Bonicolini, E, Booth, J, Borecka-Kedzierska, M, Borstnar, K, Borys, M, Boselli, E, Bouvet, L, Bouwman, A, Bowen, L, Bowrey, S, Boxall, L, Bozic, T, Bradley, T, Branco, T, Brazzi, L, Brazzoni, M, Brear, T, Brogly, N, Brohi, F, Broms, J, Bubliauskas, A, Bucolo, G, Buerkle, H, Buggy, D, Buhre, W, Bukauskas, T, Butturini, F, Byttner, A, Cabrera Diaz, I, Calderon, A, Calhau, R, Callejo, A, Cammu, G, Campesato, M, Can, O, Candeias, M, Cantor, A, Carise, E, Carmona, C, Carreteiro, J, Carrieri, C, Carter, A, Casal, M, Casanova, I, Cascella, M, Casero, L, Casiraghi, G, Castelo-Branco, L, Castro Arranz, C, Cernea, D, Cervantes, J, Chandler, B, Charnock, R, Chatzimicali, A, Chinery, E, Chishti, A, Chondhury, P, Christie, E, Christodoudiles, G, Ciardo, S, Cimpeanu, L, Cindea, I, Cinnella, G, Clark, S, Clayton, M, Cocu, S, Collyer, T, Colvin, C, Cope, S, Copeta, F, Copotoiu, S, Correia de Barros, F, Corso, R, Cortegiani, A, Costa, G, Cowton, A, Cox, N, Craig, J, Cricca, V, Cronin, J, Cunha, M, Cuomo, A, Curley, K, Czuczwar, M, Dabrowska, D, Damster, S, Danguy des Deserts, M, Daniliuc, A, Danninger, T, Darwish, I, Dascalu, C, Davies, K, Davies, S, De Boer, H, De Flaviis, A, De Selincourt, G, Deana, C, Debaene, B, Debreceni, G, Dedhia, J, Delgado Garcia, I, Della Rocca, G, Delroy-Buelles, L, Desai, T, Dhillon, P, Di Giacinto, I, Di Mauro, P, Diaz Gomez, T, Dimitrovski, A, Dinic, V, Dirzu, D, Divander, M, Dolinar, J, Domingues, S, Doolan, J, Downes, C, Dragoescu, N, Droc, G, Dum, E, Dumitrescu, A, Duncan, L, Dzurnakova, P, Eberl, S, Edwards, J, Edwards, M, Ekelund, K, Ekengren, P, Elghouty, E, Ellerkmann, R, Ellis, H, Elme, A, Ernst, T, Errando, C, Estenes, S, Ewaldsson, C, Farid, N, Featherstone, J, Febres, D, Fedorov, S, Feggeler, J, Feijten, P, Fellmann, T, Fernandez Candil, J, Fernandez Castineira, A, Fernandez Castineira, J, Fernando, A, Ferrando, C, Ferreira, L, Ferreira, P, Feyling, A, Filipescu, D, Fleischer, A, Floris, L, Foerster, U, Fox, B, Franke, U, Frasca, D, Frey, C, Frost, V, Fullin, G, Fumagalli, J, Furneval, J, Fusari, M, Gallacher, S, Galushka, S, Gambale, G, Gambino, I, Garcia-Perez, M, Garg, S, Garlak, J, Gavranovic, Z, Gavrilov, R, Gaynor, L, Gecaj Gashi, A, Georghiou, M, Gerjevic, B, Gferer, G, Giarratano, A, Gibson, A, Gievski, V, Giles, J, Gillberg, L, Gilowska, K, Gilsanz Rodriguez, F, Gioia, A, Giovannoni, C, Girotra, V, Gkinas, D, Gkiokas, G, Godoroja, D, Goebel, U, Goel, V, Gonzalez, M, Goranovic, T, Gornik-Wlaszczuk, E, Gosavi, S, Gottfridsson, P, Gottschalk, A, Granell, M, Granstrom, A, Grassetto, A, Greenwood, A, Grigoras, I, Grintescu, I, Gritsan, A, Gritsan, G, Grynyuk, A, Guadagnin, G, Guarnieri, M, Guclu, C, Guerrero Diez, M, Gunenc, F, Gunther, U, Gupta, P, Guttenthaler, V, Hack, Y, Hafisayena, A, Hagau, N, Haldar, J, Hales, D, Hanci, V, Hanna-Jumma, S, Harazim, H, Harlet, P, Harper, D, Harris, B, Harvey, O, Hashimi, M, Hawkins, L, Hayes, C, Heaton, J, Heier, T, Helliwell, L, Hemmes, S, Henderson, K, Hermanides, J, Hermanns, H, Herrera Hueso, B, Hestenes, S, Hettiarachchi, R, Highgate, J, Hodgson, K, Hoelbling, D, Holland, J, Horhota, L, Hormis, A, Hribar, R, Hua, A, Humphreys, S, Humphries, R, Humplikova, S, Hunt, J, Husnain, A, Hussein, A, Hyams, B, Iannuccelli, F, Ilette, K, Ilyas, C, Inan, T, India, I, Ionitav, V, Irwin, F, Jain, V, Janez, B, Jankovic, R, Jenkins, S, Jenko, M, Jimenez, R, Jimenez Gomez, B, Joachim, S, Joelsson-Alm, E, John, J, Jonikaite, L, Jovic, M, Jungwirth, B, Junke, E, Kabakov, B, Kadaoui, S, Kanski, A, Karadag, S, Karbonskiene, A, Karjagin, J, Kasnik, D, Katanolli, F, Katsika, E, Kaufmann, K, Keane, H, Kelly, M, Kent, M, Keraitiene, G, Khudhur, A, Khuenl-Brady, K, Kidd, L, King, S, Kirchgassner, K, Klancir, T, Klucniks, A, Knotzer, J, Knowlden, P, Koers, L, Kompan, J, Koneti, K, Kooij, F, Koolen, E, Koopman - van Gemert, A, Kopp, K, Korfiotis, D, Korolkov, O, Kosinova, M, Kostenberger, M, Kotzinger, O, Kovacevic, M, Kranke, P, Kranke, E, Kraus, C, Kraus, S, Kubitzek, C, Kucharski, R, Kucukguclu, S, Kudrashou, A, Kumar, V, Kummen, L, Kunit, C, Kushakovsky, V, Kuvaki, B, Kuzmanovska, B, Kyttari, A, Landoni, G, Lau, G, Lazarev, K, Legett, S, Legrottaglie, A, Leonardi, S, Leong, M, Lercher, H, Leuvrey, M, Leva, B, Levstek, M, Limb, J, Lindholm, E, Linton, F, Liperi, C, Lipski, F, Lirk, P, Lisi, A, Liskova, K, Lluch Oltra, A, Loganathan, V, Lombardi, S, Lopez, E, Lopez Rodriguez, M, Lorenzini, L, Lowicka, M, Lugovoy, A, Luippold, M, Lumb, A, Macas, A, Macgregor, M, Machado, H, Maciariello, M, Madeira, I, Maitan, S, Majewski, J, Maldini, B, Malewski, G, Manfredini, L, Manner, O, Marchand, B, Marcu, A, Margalef, J, Margarson, M, Marinheiro, L, Markic, A, Markovic Bozic, J, Marrazzo, F, Martin, J, Martin Ayuso, M, Martinez, E, Martino, E, Martinson, V, Marusic-Gaser, K, Mascarenhas, C, Mathis, C, Matsota, P, Mavrommati, E, Mazul Sunko, B, Mccourt, K, Mcgill, N, Mckee, R, Meco, B, Meier, S, Melbourne, S, Melbybrathen, G, Meli, A, Melia, A, Melotti, R, Menga, M, Mercer, P, Merotra, S, Mescolini, S, Metterlein, T, Michalov, M, Michlig, S, Midgley, S, Milic, M, Milojevic, M, Minana, A, Minto, G, Mirabella, L, Mirea, L, Mittelstadt, L, Moeglen, A, Moise, A, Mokini, Z, Molin, A, Molto, L, Monea, M, Montalto, F, Montgomery, J, Montgomery, C, Montillo, G, Moore, S, Moore, F, Moreira, Z, Moreno, T, Moreno, R, Moret, E, Moreton, S, Morgan, M, Moro Velasco, C, Morri, D, Moull, A, Moura, F, Mraz, P, Mrozek, K, Mukhtar, K, Muniyappa, S, Murray, H, Murthy, B, Mushambi, M, Nadolski, M, Nardelli, P, Nardin, G, Navarro Perez, R, Naveiro, A, Negri, M, Nesek Adam, V, Neskovic, V, Neuwersch, S, Neves, M, Nguyen, B, Ni Eochagain, A, Nicholas, C, Nightingale, J, Norrie, K, Novak-Jankovic, V, Novakova, A, Novillo, M, Numan, S, Oduro-Dominah, L, Oldner, A, Oliveira, I, Ologoiu, D, Oloktsidou, I, O'Reilly, R, Orlando, A, Ovezov, A, Ozbilgin, S, Paal, P, Padin Barreiro, L, Palugniok, R, Papaioannou, A, Papapostolou, K, Paranthaman, P, Pardey Bracho, G, Parente, S, Parfeni, A, Pasin, L, Passey, S, Pastor, E, Patch, S, Patil, A, Paunescu, M, Pehboeck, D, Pereira, M, Pereira, C, Perez Caballero, P, Perez Garcia, A, Perez Soto, A, Perez Tejero, G, Perez-Cerda, F, Pesenti, A, Petta, R, Philippe, S, Pickering, D, Pico Veloso, J, Pina, P, Pinho-Oliveira, V, Pinol, S, Pinto, R, Pistidda, L, Pitterle, M, Piwowarczyk, P, Plotnikova, O, Pohl, H, Poldermann, J, Polkovicova, L, Pompei, L, Popescu, M, Popovic, R, Pota, V, Potocnik, M, Potrec, B, Potter, A, Pramod, N, Prchalova, M, Preckel, B, Pugh, R, Pulletz, M, Radoeshki, A, Rafi, A, Ragazzi, R, Raineri Santi, M, Rajamanickam, T, Rajput, Z, Ramachandran, R, Ramasamy, R, Ramessur, S, Rao, R, Rasmussen, A, Rato, A, Razaque, U, Real Navacerrada, M, Reavley, C, Reid, J, Reschreiter, H, Rial, E, Ribas Carrasco, P, Ribeiro, S, Rich, N, Richardson, L, Rimaitis, K, Rimaitis, M, Ringvold, E, Ripke, F, Ristescu, I, Ritchie, K, Rodenas, F, Rodrigues, P, Rogers, E, Rogerson, D, Romagnoli, S, Romero, E, Rondovic, G, Rose, B, Roth, W, Rotter, M, Rousseau, G, Rudjord, A, Rueffert, H, Rundgren, M, Rupprecht, K, Rushton, A, Russotto, V, Rypulak, E, Ryszka, M, Sa, J, Sa Couto, P, Saby, S, Sagic, J, Saleh, O, Sales, G, Sanchez Sanchez, Y, Sanghera, S, Sanli Karip, C, Santiveri Papiol, F, Santos, S, Sarno, S, Saul, D, Saunders, D, Savic, N, Scalco, L, Scanlon, D, Schaller, S, Schax, C, Scheffer, G, Schening, A, Schiavone, V, Schmidt-Ehrenberg, F, Schmidt-Mutter, C, Schonberg, C, Schopflin, C, Schreiber, J, Schultz, M, Schurig, M, Scott, C, Sebestian, S, Sehgal, S, Sem, V, Semenas, E, Serafini, E, Serchan, P, Shields, M, Shobha, R, Shosholcheva, M, Siamansour, T, Siddaiah, N, Siddiqi, K, Sinclair, R, Singh, P, Singh, R, Sinha, A, Skinner, A, Smee, E, Smekalova, O, Smith, N, Smith, T, Smitz, C, Smole, D, Sojcic, N, Soler Pedrola, M, Somanath, S, Sonksen, J, Sorella, M, Sormus, A, Soro, M, Soto, C, Spada, A, Spadaro, S, Spaeth, J, Sparr, H, Spielmann, A, Spindler-Vesel, A, Stamelos, M, Stancombe L, L, Stanculescu, A, Standl, T, Standley, T, Stanek, O, Stanisavljevic, S, Starczewska, M, Stauble, C, Steen, J, Stefan, O, Stell, E, Stera, C, Stevens, M, Stoerckel, M, Stosic, B, Stourac, P, Stroumpoulis, K, Struck, R, Suarez de la Rica, A, Sultanpori, A, Sundara Rajan, R, Suying, O, Svensen, C, Swan, L, Syrogianni, P, Sysiak, J, Szederjesi, J, Taddei, S, Tan Hao, E, Tanou, V, Tarabova, K, Tardaguila Sancho, P, Tarroso, M, Tartaglione, M, Taylor, E, Tbaily, L, Telford, R, Terenzoni, M, Theodoraki, K, Thornley, H, Tiganiuc, L, Toim, H, Tomescu, D, Tommasino, C, Toni, J, Toninelli, A, Toretti, I, Townley, S, Trepenaitis, D, Trethowan, B, Tsaousi, G, Tsiftsi, A, Tudor, A, Turan, G, Turhan, S, Unic-Stojanovic, D, Unterbuchner, C, Unzueta, C, Uranjek, J, Ursic, T, Vaida, S, Valldeperas Ferrer, S, Valldeperas Hernandez, M, Valsamidis, D, Van Beek, R, Van dasselaer, N, Van Der Beek, T, Van Duivenvoorde, Y, van Klei, W, Van Poorter, F, Van Zaane, B, Van Zundert, T, Van Zyl, R, Vargas Munoz, A, Varsani, N, Vasconcelos, P, Vassilakis, G, Vecchiatini, T, Vecera, L, Vercauteren, M, Verdouw, B, Verheyen, V, Verri, M, Vicari Sottosanti, L, Vico, M, Vidal Mitjans, P, Vilardi, A, Vissicchio, D, Vitale, G, Vitkovic, B, Vizcaychipi, M, Voicu, A, Voje, M, Volfova, I, Volta, C, Von Lutterotti, T, von Tiesenhausen, A, Vrecic-Slabe, S, Vukcevic, D, Vukovic, R, Vullo, P, Wade, A, Wallberg, H, Wallden, J, Wallner, J, Walther Sturesson, L, Watson, D, Weber, S, Wegiel Leskiewiq, A, Weller, D, Wensing, C, Werkmann, M, Westberg, H, Wikstrom, E, Williams, B, Wilson, R, Wirth, S, Wittmann, M, Wood, L, Wright, S, Zachoval, C, Zambon, M, Zampieri, S, Zampone, S, Zangrillo, A, Zani, G, Zavackiene, A, Zieglerder, R, Zonneveldt, H, Zsisku, L, Zucker, T, Zukowski, M, Zuleika, M, Zupaneie, D, Kirmeier E., Eriksson L. I., Lewald H., Jonsson Fagerlund M., Hoeft A., Hollmann M., Meistelman C., Hunter J. M., Ulm K., Blobner M., Abad Gurumeta A., Abernethy C., Abigail P., Achaibar K., Adam E., Afshari A., Agudelo Montoya M. E., Akgun F. N., Aletti G., Alkis N., Allan K., Allan A., Allaouchiche B., Allcock C., Almasy E., Amey I., Amigoni M., Andersen E., Andersson P., Anipchenko N., Antunes P., Armstrong E., Aslam T. N., Aslin B., Assuncao J. P., Ausserer J., Avvai M., Awad N., Ayas Montero B., Ayuso M., Azevedo P., Badarau V., Badescu R., Baiardo Redaelli M., Baird C., Baird Y., Baker T., Balaji P., Balan C., Balandin A., Balescu-Arion C., Baliuliene V., Baltasar Isabel J., Baluch S. N., Bandrabur D., Bankewitz C., Barber K., Barbera F., Barcraft-Barnes H., Barletti V., Barnett G., Baron K., Barros A., Barsan V., Bartlett P., Batistaki C., Baumgarten G., Baytas V., Beauchamp N., Becerra Cayetano I. A., Bell S., Bellandi M., Belletti A., Belmonte Cuenca J., Benitez-Cano A., Beretta L., Berger M., Bergmann N., Bergmark K., Bermudez Lopez M., Bernotaite M., Beurskens C., Bidd H., Bifulco F., Bignami E., Bilic A., Bilskiene D., Bischoff P., Bishop L., Bjonness T., Blaylock H., Blethyn K., Blincoe T., Blokhin I., Blunt N., Boer C., Bois G., Bonicolini E., Booth J., Borecka-Kedzierska M., Borstnar K., Borys M., Boselli E., Bouvet L., Bouwman A., Bowen L., Bowrey S., Boxall L., Bozic T., Bradley T., Branco T., Brazzi L., Brazzoni M., Brear T., Brogly N., Brohi F., Broms J., Bubliauskas A., Bucolo G. E., Buerkle H., Buggy D., Buhre W., Bukauskas T., Butturini F., Byttner A., Cabrera Diaz I., Calderon A., Calhau R., Callejo A., Cammu G., Campesato M., Can O. S., Candeias M., Cantor A., Carise E., Carmona C., Carreteiro J., Carrieri C., Carter A., Casal M., Casanova I., Cascella M., Casero L. M., Casiraghi G. M., Castelo-Branco L., Castro Arranz C., Cernea D. D., Cervantes J., Chandler B., Charnock R., Chatzimicali A., Chinery E., Chishti A., Chondhury P., Christie E., Christodoudiles G., Ciardo S., Cimpeanu L., Cindea I., Cinnella G., Clark S., Clayton M., Cocu S., Collyer T., Colvin C., Cope S., Copeta F., Copotoiu S. -M., Correia de Barros F., Corso R. M., Cortegiani A., Costa G., Cowton A., Cox N., Craig J., Cricca V., Cronin J., Cunha M., Cuomo A., Curley K., Czuczwar M., Dabrowska D., Damster S., Danguy des Deserts M., Daniliuc A., Danninger T., Darwish I., Dascalu C., Davies K., Davies S., De Boer H., De Flaviis A., De Selincourt G., Deana C., Debaene B., Debreceni G., Dedhia J., Delgado Garcia I., Della Rocca G., Delroy-Buelles L., Desai T., Dhillon P., Di Giacinto I., Di Mauro P., Diaz Gomez T. V., Dimitrovski A., Dinic V., Dirzu D. -S., Divander M. B., Dolinar J., Domingues S., Doolan J., Downes C., Dragoescu N. A., Droc G., Dum E., Dumitrescu A., Duncan L., Dzurnakova P., Eberl S., Edwards J., Edwards M., Ekelund K., Ekengren P., Elghouty E., Ellerkmann R., Ellis H., Elme A., Ernst T., Errando C. L., Estenes S., Ewaldsson C., Farid N., Featherstone J., Febres D., Fedorov S., Feggeler J., Feijten P., Fellmann T., Fernandez Candil J., Fernandez Castineira A., Fernandez Castineira J., Fernando A., Ferrando C., Ferreira L., Ferreira P., Feyling A., Filipescu D., Fleischer A., Floris L., Foerster U., Fox B., Franke U., Frasca D., Frey C., Frost V., Fullin G., Fumagalli J., Furneval J., Fusari M., Gallacher S., Galushka S., Gambale G., Gambino I., Garcia-Perez M. L., Garg S., Garlak J., Gavranovic Z., Gavrilov R., Gaynor L., Gecaj Gashi A., Georghiou M., Gerjevic B., Gferer G., Giarratano A., Gibson A., Gievski V., Giles J., Gillberg L., Gilowska K., Gilsanz Rodriguez F., Gioia A., Giovannoni C., Girotra V., Gkinas D., Gkiokas G., Godoroja D., Goebel U., Goel V., Gonzalez M., Goranovic T., Gornik-Wlaszczuk E., Gosavi S., Gottfridsson P., Gottschalk A., Granell M., Granstrom A., Grassetto A., Greenwood A., Grigoras I., Grintescu I., Gritsan A., Gritsan G., Grynyuk A., Guadagnin G. M., Guarnieri M., Guclu C., Guerrero Diez M., Gunenc F., Gunther U., Gupta P., Guttenthaler V., Hack Y., Hafisayena A., Hagau N., Haldar J., Hales D., Hanci V., Hanna-Jumma S., Harazim H., Harlet P., Harper D., Harris B., Harvey O., Hashimi M., Hawkins L., Hayes C., Heaton J., Heier T., Helliwell L., Hemmes S., Henderson K., Hermanides J., Hermanns H., Herrera Hueso B., Hestenes S., Hettiarachchi R., Highgate J., Hodgson K., Hoelbling D., Holland J., Horhota L., Hormis A., Hribar R., Hua A., Humphreys S., Humphries R., Humplikova S., Hunt J., Husnain A., Hussein A., Hyams B., Iannuccelli F., Ilette K., Ilyas C., Inan T., India I., Ionitav V., Irwin F., Jain V., Janez B., Jankovic R., Jenkins S., Jenko M., Jimenez R., Jimenez Gomez B., Joachim S., Joelsson-Alm E., John J., Jonikaite L., Jovic M., Jungwirth B., Junke E., Kabakov B., Kadaoui S. -D., Kanski A., Karadag S., Karbonskiene A., Karjagin J., Kasnik D., Katanolli F., Katsika E., Kaufmann K., Keane H., Kelly M., Kent M., Keraitiene G., Khudhur A., Khuenl-Brady K., Kidd L., King S., Kirchgassner K., Klancir T., Klucniks A., Knotzer J., Knowlden P., Koers L., Kompan J., Koneti K. K., Kooij F., Koolen E., Koopman - van Gemert A. W. M. M., Kopp K., Korfiotis D., Korolkov O., Kosinova M., Kostenberger M., Kotzinger O., Kovacevic M., Kranke P., Kranke E., Kraus C., Kraus S., Kubitzek C., Kucharski R., Kucukguclu S., Kudrashou A., Kumar V., Kummen L., Kunit C., Kushakovsky V., Kuvaki B., Kuzmanovska B., Kyttari A., Landoni G., Lau G., Lazarev K., Legett S., Legrottaglie A. M., Leonardi S., Leong M., Lercher H., Leuvrey M., Leva B., Levstek M., Limb J., Lindholm E., Linton F., Liperi C., Lipski F., Lirk P., Lisi A., Liskova K., Lluch Oltra A., Loganathan V., Lombardi S., Lopez E., Lopez Rodriguez M., Lorenzini L., Lowicka M., Lugovoy A., Luippold M., Lumb A., Macas A., Macgregor M., Machado H., Maciariello M., Madeira I., Maitan S., Majewski J., Maldini B., Malewski G., Manfredini L., Manner O., Marchand B., Marcu A., Margalef J., Margarson M., Marinheiro L., Markic A., Markovic Bozic J., Marrazzo F., Martin J., Martin Ayuso M., Martinez E., Martino E. A., Martinson V., Marusic-Gaser K., Mascarenhas C., Mathis C., Matsota P., Mavrommati E., Mazul Sunko B., McCourt K., McGill N., McKee R., Meco B. C., Meier S., Melbourne S., Melbybrathen G., Meli A., Melia A., Melotti R. M., Menga M. R., Mercer P., Merotra S., Mescolini S., Metterlein T., Michalov M., Michlig S., Midgley S., Milic M., Milojevic M., Minana A., Minto G., Mirabella L., Mirea L., Mittelstadt L., Moeglen A., Moise A., Mokini Z., Molin A., Molto L., Monea M. C., Montalto F., Montgomery J., Montgomery C., Montillo G., Moore S., Moore F., Moreira Z., Moreno T., Moreno R., Moret E., Moreton S., Morgan M., Moro Velasco C., Morri D., Moull A., Moura F., Mraz P., Mrozek K., Mukhtar K., Muniyappa S., Murray H., Murthy B. V., Mushambi M., Nadolski M., Nardelli P., Nardin G., Navarro Perez R., Naveiro A., Negri M., Nesek Adam V., Neskovic V., Neuwersch S., Neves M., Nguyen B., Ni Eochagain A., Nicholas C., Nightingale J., Norrie K., Novak-Jankovic V., Novakova A., Novillo M., Numan S., Oduro-Dominah L., Oldner A., Oliveira I., Ologoiu D., Oloktsidou I., O'Reilly R., Orlando A., Ovezov A., Ozbilgin S., Paal P., Padin Barreiro L., Palugniok R., Papaioannou A., Papapostolou K., Paranthaman P., Pardey Bracho G., Parente S., Parfeni A., Pasin L., Passey S., Pastor E., Patch S., Patil A., Paunescu M. -A., Pehboeck D., Pereira M., Pereira C., Perez Caballero P., Perez Garcia A., Perez Soto A., Perez Tejero G., Perez-Cerda F., Pesenti A., Petta R., Philippe S., Pickering D., Pico Veloso J., Pina P., Pinho-Oliveira V., Pinol S., Pinto R., Pistidda L., Pitterle M., Piwowarczyk P., Plotnikova O., Pohl H., Poldermann J., Polkovicova L., Pompei L., Popescu M., Popovic R., Pota V., Potocnik M., Potrec B., Potter A., Pramod N., Prchalova M., Preckel B., Pugh R., Pulletz M., Radoeshki A., Rafi A., Ragazzi R., Raineri Santi M., Rajamanickam T., Rajput Z., Ramachandran R., Ramasamy R., Ramessur S., Rao R., Rasmussen A., Rato A., Razaque U., Real Navacerrada M. I., Reavley C., Reid J., Reschreiter H., Rial E., Ribas Carrasco P., Ribeiro S., Rich N., Richardson L., Rimaitis K., Rimaitis M., Ringvold E. -M., Ripke F., Ristescu I., Ritchie K., Rodenas F., Rodrigues P., Rogers E., Rogerson D., Romagnoli S., Romero E., Rondovic G., Rose B. O., Roth W., Rotter M. -T., Rousseau G., Rudjord A., Rueffert H., Rundgren M., Rupprecht K., Rushton A., Russotto V., Rypulak E., Ryszka M., Sa J., Sa Couto P., Saby S., Sagic J., Saleh O., Sales G., Sanchez Sanchez Y., Sanghera S., Sanli Karip C., Santiveri Papiol F. J., Santos S., Sarno S., Saul D., Saunders D., Savic N., Scalco L., Scanlon D., Schaller S., Schax C., Scheffer G. J., Schening A., Schiavone V., Schmidt-Ehrenberg F., Schmidt-Mutter C., Schonberg C., Schopflin C., Schreiber J. -U., Schultz M., Schurig M., Scott C., Sebestian S., Sehgal S., Sem V., Semenas E., Serafini E., Serchan P., Shields M., Shobha R., Shosholcheva M., Siamansour T., Siddaiah N., Siddiqi K., Sinclair R., Singh P., Singh R., Sinha A., Skinner A., Smee E., Smekalova O., Smith N., Smith T., Smitz C., Smole D., Sojcic N., Soler Pedrola M., Somanath S., Sonksen J., Sorella M. C., Sormus A., Soro M., Soto C., Spada A., Spadaro S., Spaeth J., Sparr H., Spielmann A., Spindler-Vesel A., Stamelos M., Stancombe L L., Stanculescu A., Standl T., Standley T., Stanek O., Stanisavljevic S., Starczewska M., Stauble C., Steen J., Stefan O. M., Stell E., Stera C., Stevens M., Stoerckel M., Stosic B., Stourac P., Stroumpoulis K., Struck R., Suarez de la Rica A., Sultanpori A., Sundara Rajan R., Suying O., Svensen C., Swan L., Syrogianni P., Sysiak J., Szederjesi J., Taddei S., Tan Hao E., Tanou V., Tarabova K., Tardaguila Sancho P., Tarroso M., Tartaglione M., Taylor E., Tbaily L., Telford R., Terenzoni M., Theodoraki K., Thornley H., Tiganiuc L., Toim H., Tomescu D., Tommasino C., Toni J., Toninelli A., Toretti I., Townley S., Trepenaitis D., Trethowan B., Tsaousi G., Tsiftsi A., Tudor A., Turan G., Turhan S. C., Unic-Stojanovic D., Unterbuchner C., Unzueta C., Uranjek J., Ursic T., Vaida S., Valldeperas Ferrer S., Valldeperas Hernandez M. I., Valsamidis D., Van Beek R., Van dasselaer N., Van Der Beek T., Van Duivenvoorde Y., van Klei W. A., Van Poorter F., Van Zaane B., Van Zundert T., Van Zyl R., Vargas Munoz A. M., Varsani N., Vasconcelos P., Vassilakis G., Vecchiatini T., Vecera L., Vercauteren M., Verdouw B., Verheyen V., Verri M., Vicari Sottosanti L. G., Vico M., Vidal Mitjans P., Vilardi A., Vissicchio D., Vitale G., Vitkovic B., Vizcaychipi M. P., Voicu A., Voje M., Volfova I., Volta C. A., Von Lutterotti T., von Tiesenhausen A., Vrecic-Slabe S., Vukcevic D., Vukovic R., Vullo P. A., Wade A., Wallberg H., Wallden J., Wallner J., Walther Sturesson L., Watson D., Weber S., Wegiel Leskiewiq A., Weller D., Wensing C., Werkmann M., Westberg H., Wikstrom E., Williams B., Wilson R., Wirth S., Wittmann M., Wood L., Wright S., Zachoval C., Zambon M., Zampieri S., Zampone S., Zangrillo A., Zani G., Zavackiene A., Zieglerder R., Zonneveldt H., Zsisku L., Zucker T. -P., Zukowski M., Zuleika M., and Zupaneie D.

Abstract

Background: Results from retrospective studies suggest that use of neuromuscular blocking agents during general anaesthesia might be linked to postoperative pulmonary complications. We therefore aimed to assess whether the use of neuromuscular blocking agents is associated with postoperative pulmonary complications. Methods: We did a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study. Patients were recruited from 211 hospitals in 28 European countries. We included patients (aged ≥18 years) who received general anaesthesia for any in-hospital procedure except cardiac surgery. Patient characteristics, surgical and anaesthetic details, and chart review at discharge were prospectively collected over 2 weeks. Additionally, each patient underwent postoperative physical examination within 3 days of surgery to check for adverse pulmonary events. The study outcome was the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications from the end of surgery up to postoperative day 28. Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for surgical factors and patients' preoperative physical status, providing adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and adjusted absolute risk reduction (ARRadj). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01865513. Findings: Between June 16, 2014, and April 29, 2015, data from 22 803 patients were collected. The use of neuromuscular blocking agents was associated with an increased incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients who had undergone general anaesthesia (1658 [7·6%] of 21 694); ORadj 1·86, 95% CI 1·53–2·26; ARRadj −4·4%, 95% CI −5·5 to −3·2). Only 2·3% of high-risk surgical patients and those with adverse respiratory profiles were anaesthetised without neuromuscular blocking agents. The use of neuromuscular monitoring (ORadj 1·31, 95% CI 1·15–1·49; ARRadj −2·6%, 95% CI −3·9 to −1·4) and the administration of reversal agents (1·23, 1·07–1·41; −1·9%, −3·2 to −0·7) were not associated with a decreased risk of postoperative pulmonary

Published
2019

288. Biomarkers for oxidative stress and organ injury during Transnasal Humidified Rapid‐Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange compared to mechanical ventilation in adults undergoing microlaryngoscopy: A randomised controlled study.

Author

Forsberg, Ida‐Maria, Mkrtchian, Souren, Ebberyd, Anette, Ullman, Johan, Eriksson, Lars I., Lodenius, Åse, and Jonsson Fagerlund, Malin

Subjects
ARTIFICIAL respiration, ADULTS, OXIDATIVE stress, LARYNGOSCOPY, BIOMARKERS, LEUKOCYTE count, RANDOMIZED controlled trials
Abstract

Background: Apnoeic oxygenation using Transnasal Humidified Rapid‐Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange (THRIVE) during general anaesthesia prolongs the safe apnoeic period. However, there is a gap of knowledge how THRIVE‐induced hyperoxia and hypercapnia impact vital organs. The primary aim of this randomised controlled trial was to characterise oxidative stress and, secondary, vital organ function biomarkers during THRIVE compared to mechanical ventilation (MV). Methods: Thirty adult patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) 1–2, undergoing short laryngeal surgery under general anaesthesia were randomised to THRIVE, FIO2 1.0, 70 L min−1 during apnoea or MV. Blood biomarkers for oxidative stress, malondialdehyde and TAC and vital organ function were collected (A) preoperatively, (B) at procedure completion and (C) at PACU discharge. Results: Mean apnoea time was 17.9 (4.8) min and intubation to end‐of‐surgery time was 28.1 (12.8) min in the THRIVE and MV group, respectively. Malondialdehyde increased from 11.2 (3.1) to 12.7 (3.1) µM (P =.02) and from 9.5 (2.2) to 11.6 (2.6) µM (P =.003) (A to C) in the THRIVE and MV group, respectively. S100B increased from 0.05 (0.02) to 0.06 (0.02) µg L−1 (P =.005) (A to C) in the THRIVE group. No increase in TAC, CRP, leukocyte count, troponin‐T, NTproBNP, creatinine, eGFRcrea or NSE was demonstrated during THRIVE. Conclusion: While THRIVE and MV was associated with increased oxidative stress, we found no change in cardiac, inflammation or kidney biomarkers during THRIVE. Further evaluation of stress and inflammatory response and cerebral and cardiac function during THRIVE is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

298. Reply

Author

Jonsson, M., Yamamoto, Y., Lindah, S. G. E., and Eriksson, L. I.

Published
2003

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results