147,878 results on '"Economía"'
Search Results
252. Dataset Learner identity in secondary post‑compulsory education students from Areas in Need of Social Transformation
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-327: Laboratorio de Actividad Humana, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, Universidad de Sevilla, Fundación Banco Sabadell, Cubero Pérez, Rosario, Cubero Pérez, Mercedes, Matías García, José Antonio, Bascón Díaz, Miguel Jesús, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla. HUM-327: Laboratorio de Actividad Humana, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, Universidad de Sevilla, Fundación Banco Sabadell, Cubero Pérez, Rosario, Cubero Pérez, Mercedes, Matías García, José Antonio, and Bascón Díaz, Miguel Jesús more...
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In this research, we used a convenience sampling and selected two high schools located in Areas in Need of Social Transformation in Seville (southern Spain). We studied the learner identity of all their students in the first and second grade of secondary postcompulsory education (N = 70). These students present a trajectory of resilience, as they remained in the education system despite facing many difficulties. In this exploratory research, their identity as learners was analysed through an interview applied in a focus group format (N = 12), where their supports, strengths and psycho-social obstacles that facilitate/ hinder their stay in the education system in the post-compulsory stage were also identified. Datasets show the instrument used for data collection, consisting of the LIRESI semi-structured interview script to be applied in focus groups, as well as the coding manual for the responses obtained in the interviews (narratives of the participants), that were fully transcribed. more...
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- 2024
253. Planning traffic surveillance in Spain: How to optimize the management of police resources to reduce road fatalities
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Análisis Económico y Economía Política, Castillo Manzano, José I., Castro Nuño, Mercedes, López Valpuesta, Lourdes, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Análisis Económico y Economía Política, Castillo Manzano, José I., Castro Nuño, Mercedes, and López Valpuesta, Lourdes more...
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Although traffic police enforcement is widely recognized as a key action in the road safety field, it can be a costly policy to implement. In addition, governments often impose budget constraints that can limit the resources available for activities such as law enforcement and surveillance. To evaluate the impact of human traffic control resources planning on traffic fatalities on Spanish NUTS-3 regions interurban roads, this paper uses an econometric model to investigate the performance of police enforcement intensity by focusing on two crucial traffic law infractions (i.e., speeding and drunk driving). After controlling for a range of economic, demographic, climate, and risk exposure variables, results highlight the relevance of visible, human, and in-person traffic law enforcement through regular vehicle patrols for reducing traffic crashes, with a non-significant effect of automatic enforcement. Our findings have important implications for traffic police resource management regarding the effective maintenance of patrol cars and plans to digitalize and automatize police administrative tasks and procedures. more...
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- 2024
254. Refrigeration_capacity_effect_ageing_cellulose_cooling_pad [Dataset]
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos, Universidad de Sevilla. AGR 268-Naturación Urbana e Ingeniería de Biosistemas, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Franco Salas, Antonio, Peña Fernández, Araceli, Valera Martínez, Luis, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos, Universidad de Sevilla. AGR 268-Naturación Urbana e Ingeniería de Biosistemas, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España, Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Franco Salas, Antonio, Peña Fernández, Araceli, and Valera Martínez, Luis more...
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Dataset acquired for the study published in the article: “Refrigeration capacity and effect of ageing on the operation of cellulose evaporative cooling pads, by wind tunnel analysis”. This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) by means of research grant AGL2015-68050-R (Spain). This study investigates the temperature reduction capacity and water consumption of a fan-pad system installed in a greenhouse located in the coastal regions of Almería. The suitability of this system for coastal zones with high environmental humidity during the summer is analyzed. Historical temperature and relative humidity series are studied, obtaining the thermal difference and maximum, medium, and minimum monthly water consumption of the pads based on the operation data of the evaporative cooling pads. more...
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- 2024
255. DIGIPYME[Dataset]
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Aplicada I, Universidad de Sevilla. (SEJ128): Las pymes y el desarrollo económico, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades. Plan Estatal 2017-2020 Generación Conocimiento - Proyectos I+D+i, Romero Luna, Isidoro, Tejada González, Pilar, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Aplicada I, Universidad de Sevilla. (SEJ128): Las pymes y el desarrollo económico, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades. Plan Estatal 2017-2020 Generación Conocimiento - Proyectos I+D+i, Romero Luna, Isidoro, and Tejada González, Pilar more...
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Este dataset es resultado del Proyecto de I+D “Factor empresarial, ecosistemas digitales y digitalización de la pyme” (DIGIPYME), que fue seleccionado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades en el marco de la convocatoria de 2020 de Proyectos I+D+i del Plan Estatal 2017-2020 Generación Conocimiento. El objetivo central del proyecto es analizar el proceso de transformación digital de la pyme española, con especial atención a la microempresa, identificando los factores que pueden facilitarlo y obstaculizarlo, así como el impacto sobre los resultados empresariales. El proyecto se plantea, como un segundo objetivo general, estudiar el rol del factor empresarial en el liderazgo del proceso de transformación digital de la pyme. Así pues, se analizará el impacto que tienen las características que delimitan el perfil personal del (de la) empresario (a) en el desarrollo y los resultados del proceso de transformación digital en la pyme. Finalmente, un tercer objetivo general de este proyecto es investigar el papel que la formación de ecosistemas digitales puede jugar en el proceso de transformación digital de la pyme. Las relaciones de colaboración formales e informales que se despliegan en dichos ecosistemas entre empresas, instituciones públicas, asociaciones y organizaciones intermedias puede estimular, acelerar y fortalecer los procesos de transformación digital en las pymes, ayudándoles a afrontar las limitaciones que su reducido tamaño y las deficiencias en determinados recursos (financieros, humanos y organizativos) generan para este tipo de empresas. Los datos proceden de una encuesta dirigida a empresarios/gerentes de PYME en España. El marco muestral de la encuesta fue diseñado a partir de los datos del Directorio Central de Empresas –DIRCE- (INE). La definición operativa de PYME que se empleó en esta investigación es la de toda empresa que cuente al menos con un asalariado, pero que disponga de menos de 200 trabajadores. La estructura del cuestiona more...
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- 2024
256. Identity development and adjustment during emerging adulthood from a gender perspective
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España, European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades de la Junta de Andalucía, European Commission. Fondo Social Europeo (FSO), Sánchez Queija, María Inmaculada, Domínguez Alarcón, Paula, Díez López, Marta, Parra Jiménez, Águeda, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España, European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades de la Junta de Andalucía, European Commission. Fondo Social Europeo (FSO), Sánchez Queija, María Inmaculada, Domínguez Alarcón, Paula, Díez López, Marta, and Parra Jiménez, Águeda more...
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Identity development is a key task during emerging adulthood. The goals of the present study are to validate the Spanish version of the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS) and to explore the relationship between identity dimensions and adjustment (flourishing and distress), from a gender perspective. The sample comprised 1502 Spanish university students (60.1% women). The results reveal that the DIDS is valid in the Spanish context and that significant gender differences were observed in some dimensions of identity development, with men scoring higher for identification with commitment and women scoring higher for exploration in depth and ruminative exploration. Finally, both dimensions of commitment and ruminative exploration had a stronger effect on men's than on women's adjustment, suggesting that the integration of the self has more impact on men's outcomes than on women's. These findings highlight the need to include the gender perspective in all future research in order to gain deeper insight into the relationship between the identity development process and adjustment during emerging adulthood. more...
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- 2024
257. Experimental study of the use of ultra-thin plies in quasi-isotropic laminates under cyclic tension after impact
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras, Universidad de Sevilla. TEP131: Grupo de Elasticidad y Resistencia de Materiales, Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento, Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Universidades, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España, Sandino de Benito, Carlos, Sánchez-Carmona, Serafín, Correa Montoto, Elena, París Carballo, Federico, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Mecánica de Medios Continuos y Teoría de Estructuras, Universidad de Sevilla. TEP131: Grupo de Elasticidad y Resistencia de Materiales, Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento, Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Universidades, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España, Sandino de Benito, Carlos, Sánchez-Carmona, Serafín, Correa Montoto, Elena, and París Carballo, Federico more...
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In this work, the authors propose an experimental study on the possible improvement of the mechanical behaviour produced by ultra-thin plies in laminates subjected to cyclic loading after impact. More specifically, this work introduces the use of these plies in carbon fibre quasi-isotropic laminates, with the aim of studying the evolution of impact damage under tensile cyclic loads. To this aim, the behaviour of quasi-isotropic laminates consisting of conventional thickness plies is compared with laminates with 90° ultra-thin plies, keeping the same stacking sequence. When considering the same loading level, the damage evolution shows a lower progress and a later failure for the laminates containing ultra-thin plies. more...
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- 2024
258. Corporate social responsibility oriented boards and triple bottom line performance: A meta-analytic study
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Economía financiera I, Finantza ekonomia I, Zubeltzu Jaka, Eugenio, Álvarez Echeverría, Igor, Aldaz Odriozola, Maider, Economía financiera I, Finantza ekonomia I, Zubeltzu Jaka, Eugenio, Álvarez Echeverría, Igor, and Aldaz Odriozola, Maider more...
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In this article, we aim to investigate the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR)-oriented boards on triple bottom-line (TBL) performance and whether internal corporate governance exhibits a facilitating role in achieving the sustainable development goals by enhancing the performance indicators of the TBL. Specifically, this article aims to shed light on this issue by meta-analyzing the relationship between good governance and both social and financial performance, using a global sample to facilitate this analysis taking into account the incidence of the institutional characteristics of different countries and their impact on the relationship studied, by means of eight meta-analyses. For this purpose, we conducted a meta-analytic study on a sample of 289 articles published between 1997 and 2021. The results show that CSR-oriented boards have a direct effect on corporate social performance (CSP) indicators and that their impact on financial outcomes is mediated by CSP strategies. Board size, gender diversity, and board independence present a facilitator profile of CSP, while only gender diversity enhances financial outcomes. The influence of CSR-oriented boards is more acute in countries with greater protection for stakeholders and stronger environmental awareness. more...
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- 2024
259. Empresas de Sembramedia 2018 [Dataset]
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Administración de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados (Marketing), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Aplicada III, Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ619: Communication & Social Sciences, Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ230: planificación y análisis económico, Caro González, Francisco Javier, Sánchez Torné, Isadora, Pérez Suárez, Macarena, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Administración de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados (Marketing), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Aplicada III, Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ619: Communication & Social Sciences, Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ230: planificación y análisis económico, Caro González, Francisco Javier, Sánchez Torné, Isadora, and Pérez Suárez, Macarena more...
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Datos extraídos de la web de sembramedia con fecha 20 de febrero de 2018 con el objetivo de analizar las características de los medios digitales de habla hispana
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- 2024
260. Carrera_Académica_Contabilidad [Dataset]
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Contabilidad y Economía Financiera, Universidad de Sevilla. Nuevas tendencias de investigacón en auditoria y sistema de información contable (SEJ-472), Duarte Atoche, Mª Teresa, Rodríguez Castro, Paula Isabel, Laffarga Briones, Joaquina, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Contabilidad y Economía Financiera, Universidad de Sevilla. Nuevas tendencias de investigacón en auditoria y sistema de información contable (SEJ-472), Duarte Atoche, Mª Teresa, Rodríguez Castro, Paula Isabel, and Laffarga Briones, Joaquina more...
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En las Universidades Públicas Españolas la carrera académica es prolongada en el tiempo pues, por término medio, un académico en Contabilidad logra la cátedra en 14 años desde que obtiene el doctorado. La evidencia empírica muestra diferencias entre las carreras académicas de hombres y mujeres. Las mujeres continúan estando infrarrepresentadas en la categoría de mayor rango y parece que existe lo que se ha interpretado en la academia como "tubería con fugas", es decir, a lo largo de la carrera académica las mujeres sufren mayor desgaste que los hombres. Nuestro trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar si en el área de Contabilidad de la universidad pública española existen diferentes velocidades en las carreras académicas entre hombres y mujeres y, de ser así, analizar en qué hito de la carrera comienza la fuga del talento femenino y qué factores familiares, institucionales o de producción investigadora lo explican. Para ello, hemos recabado mediante una encuesta los datos de 353 profesores y profesoras del área de Contabilidad de las universidades públicas españolas que abarca un horizonte temporal desde 1959 hasta 2019 y usamos modelos de probabilidad para explorar el tiempo de promoción y sus posibles variables explicativas. Los resultados indican que la trayectoria de hombres y mujeres académicas es similar hasta alcanzar la titu- laridad pero, sin embargo, la probabilidad de las mujeres para lograr la cátedra disminuye fuertemente con respecto a la de los hombres, reduciéndose significativamente el número de catedráticas frente a catedráti- cos. Asimismo, de los factores que pueden explicar este hecho, es la maternidad uno de los más relevantes. more...
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- 2024
261. Características sociales, demográficas y densidad de empresas periodísticas de los municipios de Andalucía [Dataset]
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Administración de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados (Marketing), Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ619: Communication & Social Sciences, Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ230: Planificación y Análisis Económico, Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad, Caro González, Francisco Javier, Sánchez Torné, Isadora, Rivas-de-Roca, Rubén, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Administración de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados (Marketing), Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ619: Communication & Social Sciences, Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ230: Planificación y Análisis Económico, Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad, Caro González, Francisco Javier, Sánchez Torné, Isadora, and Rivas-de-Roca, Rubén more...
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Datos extraidos de SIMA y todalaprensa.com y prensaescrita.com con fecha 01.11.2022 con el objetivo de analizar las características de los medios periodísticos de Andalucía.
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- 2024
262. Decision-making process model in the context of individual preferences change
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Hinojosa Ramos, Miguel Ángel, Mármol Conde, Amparo María, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía e Historia Económica, Liashenko, Oksana, Hinojosa Ramos, Miguel Ángel, Mármol Conde, Amparo María, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía e Historia Económica, and Liashenko, Oksana more...
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This research is focused on elucidating the intricacies associated with the application of the Gibbs-James principle in scenarios involving two and three potential environmental states during the modeling of decision-making processes grounded in diverse preferences. Within this framework, decision-making scenarios are methodically formulated, considering multiple criteria, including the maximization of mathematical expectation, risk minimization, gains maximization, among others. more...
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- 2024
263. Acondicionamiento y energía
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Herrera-Limones, Rafael, Hernández Valencia, Miguel, Roa Fernández, Jorge, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Aplicada II, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía e Historia Económica, Girón Borrero, Sara, León Rodríguez, Angel Luis, López Escamilla, Álvaro, Martel Villagrán, Jesús, Osorio Echavarría, César, Villar Rodríguez, Joaquín, Herrera-Limones, Rafael, Hernández Valencia, Miguel, Roa Fernández, Jorge, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Aplicada II, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas I (ETSA), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía e Historia Económica, Girón Borrero, Sara, León Rodríguez, Angel Luis, López Escamilla, Álvaro, Martel Villagrán, Jesús, Osorio Echavarría, César, and Villar Rodríguez, Joaquín more...
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La presente publicación se enmarca dentro de la producción científica e investigadora del Equipo Solar Decathlon de la Universidad de Sevilla, junto a diversos grupos de investigación de dicha universidad (liderados por el HUM-965 TRAnHUMANCIAS). Así, tras obtener en pública concurrencia la adjudicación de un proyecto de investigación de carácter autonómico, se propone la continuación de la búsqueda transdisciplinar de soluciones regenerativas aplicables a barriadas obsoletas de Andalucía. El estudio de soluciones habitacionales de carácter social basadas en la regeneración urbana, se plantea mediante la implementación de diversas líneas de actuación urdimbradas entre sí, potenciando la recuperación de la identidad social, la rehabilitación de la materialidad, la disminución de la pobreza energética y, por ende, la mejora del confort -y la salud- de los habitantes del barrio., This publication is part of the scientific and research production of the Solar Decathlon Team of the University of Seville, together with various research groups at the university (led by HUM-965 TRAnHUMANCIAS). Thus, after being awarded a regional research project in public competition, the transdisciplinary search for regenerative solutions applicable to obsolete neighbourhoods in Andalusia will continue. The study for social housing solutions based on urban regeneration is proposed through the implementation of various interwoven lines of action, promoting the recovery of social identity, the rehabilitation of materiality, the reduction of energy poverty and, therefore, the improvement of the comfort - and health - of the inhabitants of the neighbourhood. more...
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- 2024
264. The bioeconomy in Spain as a new economic paradigm: the role of key sectors with diferent approaches
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Aplicada III, Ferreira, Valeria, Pié, Laia, Mainar Causapé, Alfredo José, Terceño, Antonio, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Aplicada III, Ferreira, Valeria, Pié, Laia, Mainar Causapé, Alfredo José, and Terceño, Antonio more...
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The bioeconomy includes the sectors that use renewable biological resources to produce value added products, such as food, feed, energy, and bio-based products. Its importance has been demonstrated by its inclusion as a priority in specifc and related policies such as the bioeconomy strategy, the Sustainable Development Goals, the European Green Deal, and the Next Generation recovery plan. Spain has not lagged behind and considers the bioeconomy as a priority in its policy strategies to achieve a more sustainable economy. Despite its importance, the analysis of the potential of the bioeconomy sectors in Spain is limited. To carry out policy-relevant impact assessment in support of bioeconomy development, specifc databases describing bio-based products are required. Hence, this work based on the Bio Social Accounting Matrix (BioSAM) for Spain for the year 2010 with a high disaggregation of bio products to perform a structural analysis based on two diferent and complementary methods: the traditional and the Hypothetical Extraction approach. The structural analysis results reveal promising products as key wealth generators and growth promoters and allow to identify the most suitable to be stimulated with policies to promote the development of the Spanish bioeconomy. Therefore, this paper provides some proposed avenues that should be considered by policymakers. more...
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- 2024
265. Nursery areas of Micromesistius poutassou and Sardina pilchardus unveil their reproductive strategies in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Sabatés, Ana, Raya, Vanesa, Salat, Jordi, Mir-Arguimbau, Joan, Olivar, M. Pilar, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Sabatés, Ana, Raya, Vanesa, Salat, Jordi, Mir-Arguimbau, Joan, and Olivar, M. Pilar more...
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Winter conditions in the NW Mediterranean cause instability of the water column and non-geostrophic dynamics, such as vertical mixing and convection are significant. These events involve nutrient supply to the photic zone that can sustain high productivity. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of winter hydrodynamics on the spawning strategies of Sardina pilchardus and Micromesistius poutassou. Data were obtained on two oceanographic cruises (February 2017 and 2018) off the Catalan coast. The occurrence of S. pilchardus eggs very close to the coast indicated a clear preference of the species for spawning in coastal areas. Preflexion and postflexion larvae exhibited a slightly wider distribution showing a clear association with the cold, less saline and more productive coastal waters. Preflexion larvae of M. poutassou were found on the upper slope and over the shelf, being offshore limited by the shelf/slope front present all along the slope. The front would act as a barrier preventing their dispersion towards the open sea. M. poutassou larvae in advanced developmental stages were located close to the coast in the productive shelf waters, with instabilities of the front contributing to larval transport from offshore waters to the coast. The vertical distribution of both species showed high variability, not only related with the daily cycle or developmental stage, but also with the vertical structure of the water column. Overall, the results provide some clues on how the spawning strategies of both species may evolve under future scenarios of higher winter-stratification, because of the global warming more...
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- 2024
266. Exploring a Mallorca cave flooding during the Little Ice Age using nondestructive techniques on a stalagmite: Micro-CT and XRF core scanning
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European Commission, European Research Council, Generalitat de Catalunya, Universidad de Barcelona, Ministerio de Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Moreno Caballud, Ana [0000-0001-7357-584X], Cisneros, Mercè, Cacho, Isabel, Frigola, Jaime, Moreno Caballud, Ana, Stoll, Heather, Fornós, Joan J., Sigró, Javier, Barriendos, Mariano, European Commission, European Research Council, Generalitat de Catalunya, Universidad de Barcelona, Ministerio de Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Moreno Caballud, Ana [0000-0001-7357-584X], Cisneros, Mercè, Cacho, Isabel, Frigola, Jaime, Moreno Caballud, Ana, Stoll, Heather, Fornós, Joan J., Sigró, Javier, and Barriendos, Mariano more...
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This study focuses on characterizing a discontinuity within the Seán stalagmite (4.75-7.75 cm) by means of two nondestructive techniques: (1) high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and (2) X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning (XRFCS). Micro-CT was used to study the stalagmite density, and XRFCS was applied to obtain the qualitative elemental composition and colour measurements. The new data obtained from nondestructive techniques have been combined with previously published geochemical data and fabric determinations from the same stalagmite found in Sa Balma des Quartó cave in Mallorca. The two methodologies applied in the present study have improved the characterization of the distinctive horizon. The micro-CT images identified the layer as a minor event due the high air content. The distinctive horizon is characterized by a high Ti-content, indicating the arrival of terrigenous particles. Based on those observations, together with the fact that the micrite layer appears filling the gaps between the older columnar fabric, we argue that the micrite layer may represent a major flooding event inside the cave after the year 1616 ± 23 CE and before the year 1623 ± 28 CE, which can be related to an extreme rainfall event. This hypothesis is further supported by the observed cave flooding during the autumn of 2018. more...
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- 2024
267. Bribery, regulation and firm performance: evidence from a threshold model
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Análisis Económico y Economía Política, Chen, Chaoyi, Pinar, Mehmet, Stengos, Thanasis, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Análisis Económico y Economía Política, Chen, Chaoyi, Pinar, Mehmet, and Stengos, Thanasis more...
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Firm-level bribery and regulation are two of the many determinants of firm performance. However, most of the existing studies examine the direct and linear effects of bribery and regulation and overlook their indirect effects. Using firm-level data, covering 20,343 firms in 78 developing countries, and employing a threshold model, the effects of firm performance’s standard determinants vary based on the bribery and regulation levels. Our findings reveal that the impact of bribery and regulation on firm performance varies significantly depending on corruption and regulation levels. Access to external finance improves firm performance if and only if the firms are exposed to bribes and firm-level regulation is below a given threshold. Furthermore, exports boost the performance of the firms that are exposed to more bribery and spend more time with regulation than those that face lower levels of regulation and bribery. While bribery harms firm performance, our findings reveal that spending time with regulation could improve firm performance if firms are exposed to low levels of bribery. Our findings confirm the ‘sand the wheels’ hypothesis and limiting firm-level bribery improves firm performance. more...
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- 2024
268. Sustainable Emotional Design Based on Industry 4.0 for Industrial Nougat Packaging
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Aplicada I, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño, Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ442: Métodos Cualitativos y Optimización en Sistemas Dinámicos Económicos, Universidad de Sevilla. TEP022: Diseño Industrial e Ingeniería del Proyecto y la Innovación, VII Own Research and Transfer Plan 2023 of the University of Seville project 2023/00000378, VII Own Research and Transfer Plan 2023 of the University of Seville project 2023/00000390, Casales García, Vicente, Heras García de Vinuesa, Ana de las, Luque Sendra, Amalia, González Abril, Luis, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Aplicada I, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Ingeniería del Diseño, Universidad de Sevilla. SEJ442: Métodos Cualitativos y Optimización en Sistemas Dinámicos Económicos, Universidad de Sevilla. TEP022: Diseño Industrial e Ingeniería del Proyecto y la Innovación, VII Own Research and Transfer Plan 2023 of the University of Seville project 2023/00000378, VII Own Research and Transfer Plan 2023 of the University of Seville project 2023/00000390, Casales García, Vicente, Heras García de Vinuesa, Ana de las, Luque Sendra, Amalia, and González Abril, Luis more...
- Abstract
Nowadays, digitalisation is present in all links of the product life cycle and within product design. Packaging is a critical element that affects the customer’s purchase intention. Therefore, packaging is one of the elements for which it is positive to include techniques and methods based on Industry 4.0 to obtain results from users and bring them closer to the process. The relationship between packaging and the expected quality and emotions of users is a topic that is addressed in the social axis of sustainability and involves an effort to strengthen the relationship with the user. This article studies the expected quality of nougat in terms of packaging shape and colour using ANOVA analysis. For this purpose, a survey was carried out among 122 participants in Spain and Mexico. The main conclusion is that packaging with a combination of three shapes (rectangle, square and triangle) and colours (yellow, orange and red) enhances consumers’ emotions of Admiration, Satisfaction, Pleasant Surprise, Attraction, Fascination and Joy. more...
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- 2024
269. Estudio morfométrico de Lactuca livida [Dataset]
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM-210: Ecology, Evolution and Conservation of Mediterranean Plants, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España, Gobierno de España, Mejías Gimeno, José Antonio, Palomino de la Rosa, Javier, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Sevilla. RNM-210: Ecology, Evolution and Conservation of Mediterranean Plants, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICIN). España, Gobierno de España, Mejías Gimeno, José Antonio, and Palomino de la Rosa, Javier more...
- Abstract
Registro de 24 caracteres (12 cuantitativos y 12 cualitativos), considerados de interés en la literatura taxonómica para la discriminación de Lactuca livida y L. virosa. El estado de los caracteres se registró en 164 pliegos more...
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- 2024
270. Intrapreneurial intentions of undergraduate university students: a comparative study between Spanish and Nicaraguan students
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Administración de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados (Marketing), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Análisis Económico y Economía Política, Baena Luna, Pedro, Sánchez Torné, Isadora, Rodríguez-Loáisiga, Kevin, García Río, Esther, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Administración de Empresas y Comercialización e Investigación de Mercados (Marketing), Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Análisis Económico y Economía Política, Baena Luna, Pedro, Sánchez Torné, Isadora, Rodríguez-Loáisiga, Kevin, and García Río, Esther more...
- Abstract
Higher education is currently facing several challenges as a result of an uncertain environment. This has led to a demand from organisations for employees with an entrepreneurial, innovative, and risk-taking profile in a global environment. These traits are characteristic of the so-called intrapreneurs. This paper compares the intrapreneurial intentions of university students in Spain and Nicaragua by analysing the effect of the variables age, gender, previous professional experience and entrepreneurial or intrapreneurial training. Based on a total sample of 474 students, among the main results, we highlight the fact that Nicaraguan students have a higher assessment of innovation and risk-taking than Spanish students. In addition, age and professional experience are common variables that improve innovation and risk-taking for both groups. Although there is no gender gap among Nicaraguan students, in Spanish students women are rated lower than men. more...
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- 2024
271. Dataset How might we explain what is happening here
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla. HUM327: Laboratorio de Actividad Humana (L.A.H), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, Bascón Díaz, Miguel Jesús, Cubero Pérez, Rosario, Cubero Pérez, Mercedes, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psicología Experimental, Universidad de Sevilla. HUM327: Laboratorio de Actividad Humana (L.A.H), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, Bascón Díaz, Miguel Jesús, Cubero Pérez, Rosario, and Cubero Pérez, Mercedes more...
- Abstract
La reflexión es un componente vital en las prácticas docentes profesionales. La idea de la que parte la reflexión misma es la importancia de la agencia de los futuros docentes en su propio desarrollo profesional. Nuestro estudio tiene sus raíces en investigaciones recientes sobre la necesidad de apoyar procesos de reflexión entre los estudiantes de magisterio. Desde una perspectiva histórico-cultural, nuestro objetivo es analizar las interacciones discursivas que tienen lugar durante los seminarios colaborativos en una experiencia de innovación dentro de un Prácticum reflexivo, y describir cómo los tutores universitarios apoyan y fomentan la reflexión sobre la práctica. Utilizamos un diseño de casos múltiples en el que cada caso es una unidad de aula formada por una tutora y sus alumnos. El Dataset aporta los informes preliminares de dos de estos casos, con los análisis descritos por objetivos. Cada uno de los casos está descrito en tres partes, que se corresponden con la descripción de los resultados correspondientes a los diferentes análisis realizados, la caracterización de los casos estudiados en función de la formulación de los objetivos del proyecto y la descripción del propósito compartido de la reflexión que construyen conjuntamente los participantes en el caso. more...
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- 2024
272. Datos de investigación para elaborar la monografía Mancera Rueda (2022): La prensa española ante la guerra de Cuba (1895-1898) [Dataset]
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Lengua Española, Lingüística y Teoría de la Literatura, Universidad de Sevilla. HUM927: Investigación en Humanidades Digitales y Español de América, Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento, Mancera Rueda, Ana, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Lengua Española, Lingüística y Teoría de la Literatura, Universidad de Sevilla. HUM927: Investigación en Humanidades Digitales y Español de América, Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento, and Mancera Rueda, Ana more...
- Abstract
Los datos que aquí se presentan han sido obtenidos en el seno del proyecto “Cuba y Andalucía en el siglo XIX: estudio de los lazos lingüísticos y culturales desde las Humanidades Digitales” (US-1263104), financiado por la Junta de Andalucía con fondos FEDER y liderado por Eva Bravo García y Ana Mancera Rueda, catedráticas de Lengua Española de la Universidad de Sevilla. En dicho proyecto, Ana Mancera se ha dedicado a la consulta de fondos hemerográficos de distinta procedencia, con el fin de elaborar la monografía La prensa española ante la guerra de Cuba (1895-1898), publicada en la editorial Tirant lo Blanch en 2022. Los dataset generados contienen la transcripción de 108 editoriales sobre la guerra de Cuba publicados en tres diarios editados en Madrid durante el siglo XIX: El Imparcial, El Liberal y Heraldo de Madrid. El primero de ellos, de ideología liberal, fue fundado en 1867 por Eduardo Gasset y se convirtió en el periódico más influyente en la España del último tercio del siglo XIX; según Mariano de Cavia, su historia era “la historia misma de España desde las vísperas de la Revolución de septiembre” (“Cincuenta años en El Imparcial”, 16-III-1917). El Liberal surgió en 1879 por la disidencia de algunos redactores de El Imparcial, de ideología republicana, que se mostraron disconformes con la mudanza ideológica de este último diario, al aceptar el régimen monárquico alfonsino. Por último, el Heraldo de Madrid nació en 1890 como una publicación vespertina, aunque llegará a publicar diversas ediciones diarias. En 1893 fue adquirido por José Canalejas, uno de los líderes del Partido Liberal. Estos fueron los tres periódicos de mayor tirada durante el periodo de la Restauración, de ahí el interés que puede suscitar su estudio para cualquier investigador interesado en esta época. more...
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- 2024
273. Predicting the intention to use Paytech services by Islamic banking users
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Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Financiera y Dirección de Operaciones, Irimia Diéguez, Ana Isabel, Albort-Morant, Gema, Oliver Alfonso, María Dolores, Ullah, Shakir, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Economía Financiera y Dirección de Operaciones, Irimia Diéguez, Ana Isabel, Albort-Morant, Gema, Oliver Alfonso, María Dolores, and Ullah, Shakir more...
- Abstract
Purpose – This study aims to identify the factors that could explain the intention to use Paytech services within an Islamic banking context. The authors use an extended version of the technology acceptance model to develop a causal–predictive analysis. Design/methodology/approach – The research model and hypotheses were tested by applying partial least square-structured equation modeling to data collected from 214 users of Islamic banking in Saudi Arabia. Findings – The results show that perceived trust has a highly significant direct effect on the intention to use Islamic Paytech services, whereas perceived risk has a significant indirect effect on IU. Research limitations/implications – Internet banking behavior may not be static. In technology acceptance, during the various phases from introduction to the maturity phase, the respondent’s perceptions tend to change Practical implications – From the point of view of Fintech services providers, the knowledge of the factors fostering the adoption of Fintech services would allow an international expansion without the inconvenience of establishing offices or companies in countries whose legislation does not favor the operations carried out by Islamic banks. Social implications – These digital payment services would allow access to financial services to the entire Muslim population regardless of their location (Islamic and non-Islamic nations) and will also reach out to the next generation of young Muslims as a majority are “digital natives”ready for digital Islamic financial solutions. Originality/value – This study is the first to explore the intention to use Paytech services by Islamic banking users in Saudi Arabia. From a theoretical perspective, this work contributes to the academic literature by analyzing the intention to use Paytech services in an Islamic banking context. On the practical front, the study identifies the crucial factors that industry players can use to design their Paytech applications and servic more...
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- 2024
274. El desarrollo humano sostenible local desde una visión prospectiva: caso de estudio de San Ramón en Costa Rica
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Bidaurratzaga Aurre, Eduardo, Martínez Tola, Elena María, Economía aplicada I, Ekonomia aplikatua I, Fonseca Hernández, Raúl Gerardo, Bidaurratzaga Aurre, Eduardo, Martínez Tola, Elena María, Economía aplicada I, Ekonomia aplikatua I, and Fonseca Hernández, Raúl Gerardo more...
- Abstract
315 p., La investigación busca analizar el desarrollo humano sostenible local (DHSL) en San Ramón, Costa Rica, en relación con las condiciones y capacidades requeridas para la construcción de un futuro prospectivo, como insumo para la construcción de una estrategia de desarrollo. La investigación se justifica al generar un aporte teórico, pero principalmente metodológico, sobre una perspectiva alternativa de desarrollo, buscando generar nuevos caminos analíticos para mejorar el bienestar de las personas en el largo plazo.La dialéctica de los estudios sobre el desarrollo (tratado en el marco teórico) ofrece una visión de los encuentros y desencuentros de los diferentes enfoques con que diversas teorías clásicas, tradicionales y nuevos lo han abordado a lo largo del tiempo. Para cada teoría se presentan las principales categorías conceptuales, las propuestas de acción, así como la forma en que se incluye el análisis local dentro del cuerpo analítico. A nivel general, se observa, como similitud, que dichos enfoques generan rutas alternativas para mejorar el bienestar de la población.La investigación ofrece una definición propia del DHSL, la cual indica que es marco de análisis sobre el desarrollo que considera aspectos históricos y contextuales de un territorio, que permite a las agenciasindividuales y colectivas mejorar su bienestar, mediante la definición y gestión de los objetivos que son valiosos para ellos, de forma que se puedan ampliar las capacidades sociales locales de las actuales y futuras generaciones.Metodológicamente se combinan técnicas tanto cuantitativas como cualitativas para lograr los objetivos de la investigación. En primera instancia, se propone un completo diagnóstico del territorio, como insumo para la delimitación del futuro prospectivo deseado y posible de alcanzar. En este sentido se utiliza la construcción de un índice de DHSL, el análisis cualitativo de noticias, el método Micmac, la creación de escenarios mediante el método de imaginación, la apli more...
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- 2024
275. Atlas of surface currents in the Mediterranean and Canary-Iberian-Biscay waters
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Martínez, Justino, García-Ladona, Emilio, Ballabrera-Poy, Joaquim, Isern-Fontanet, Jordi, González Motos, Sergio, Allegue, José Manuel, González-Haro, Cristina, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Martínez, Justino, García-Ladona, Emilio, Ballabrera-Poy, Joaquim, Isern-Fontanet, Jordi, González Motos, Sergio, Allegue, José Manuel, and González-Haro, Cristina more...
- Abstract
Sea surface currents probably are the most relevant essential ocean variable affecting diverse societal challenges concerning the marine environmental (as, for example, safe and efficient navigation, marine pollution and ecological connectivity). This work introduces a climatological Atlas (monthly resolution) of currents in the Mediterranean and Canary–Iberian–Biscay basins, based on today's state of the art reanalyses of the ocean circulation. The focus is on surface and subsurface reanalyses (here understood as z∼0.5 and z∼15 m, respectively) provided by the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS). The climatological values are computed from the median of the empirical probability density functions and the Atlas also includes the variance matrix and a bimodality index to have quantitative information on their variability. For both domains, the subsurface climatological fields are reasonably consistent with circulation schemes proposed in the previous literature but clearly improving the time and space resolution of the emerging patterns. For the Canary–Iberian–Biscay domain, the monthly climatological surface currents capture accurately the characteristic seasonal signal and its transition between a favourable and non-favourable upwelling regime. In the Mediterranean basin, differences between the near-surface and the 15 m velocity fields suggest a non-negligible role of winds over the variability of the uppermost ocean layer, specially in the Eastern Mediterranean basin. This is, up to our knowledge, the first time that such near-surface climatological patterns are computed. It has been found that, in general, the resulting patterns agree with surface drifter trajectories. In several regions, interannual variability foster bimodal and multimodal probability distributions. The Atlas has been conceived with the purpose of providing a first quantitative assessment on the surface circulation, thus being a complementary tool of real-time ocean foreca more...
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- 2024
276. Selective detection of active extracellular granzyme A by using a novel fluorescent immunoprobe with application to inflammatory diseases
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Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Gobierno de Aragón, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Senán Salinas, Ana [0009-0009-5597-851X], Comas, Laura [0000-0002-3843-1231], Esteban, Patricia [0000-0003-4123-3524], Garzón, Marcela [0000-0001-6778-0636], Santiago, Llipsy [0000-0002-1861-5981], Domingo, María Pilar [0000-0002-6829-8769], Ramírez-Labrada, Ariel [0000-0002-3888-7036], Paño, José Ramón [0000-0002-9600-8116], Vendrell, Marc [0000-0002-5392-9740], Pardo, Julián [0000-0003-0154-0730], Arias, Maykel [0000-0002-9730-2210], Gálvez Buerba, Eva Mª [0000-0001-6928-5516], Gálvez Buerba, Eva Mª [eva@icb.csic.es], Arias, Maykel [maykelariascabrero@gmail.com], Senán Salinas, Ana, Comas, Laura, Esteban, Patricia, Garzón, Marcela, Cheng, Zhiming, Santiago, Llipsy, Domingo, María Pilar, Ramírez-Labrada, Ariel, Paño, José Ramón, Vendrell, Marc, Pardo, Julián, Arias, Maykel, Gálvez Buerba, Eva Mª, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Gobierno de Aragón, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Senán Salinas, Ana [0009-0009-5597-851X], Comas, Laura [0000-0002-3843-1231], Esteban, Patricia [0000-0003-4123-3524], Garzón, Marcela [0000-0001-6778-0636], Santiago, Llipsy [0000-0002-1861-5981], Domingo, María Pilar [0000-0002-6829-8769], Ramírez-Labrada, Ariel [0000-0002-3888-7036], Paño, José Ramón [0000-0002-9600-8116], Vendrell, Marc [0000-0002-5392-9740], Pardo, Julián [0000-0003-0154-0730], Arias, Maykel [0000-0002-9730-2210], Gálvez Buerba, Eva Mª [0000-0001-6928-5516], Gálvez Buerba, Eva Mª [eva@icb.csic.es], Arias, Maykel [maykelariascabrero@gmail.com], Senán Salinas, Ana, Comas, Laura, Esteban, Patricia, Garzón, Marcela, Cheng, Zhiming, Santiago, Llipsy, Domingo, María Pilar, Ramírez-Labrada, Ariel, Paño, José Ramón, Vendrell, Marc, Pardo, Julián, Arias, Maykel, and Gálvez Buerba, Eva Mª more...
- Abstract
Granzymes (Gzms), a family of serine proteases, expressed by immune and nonimmune cells, present perforin-dependent and independent intracellular and extracellular functions. When released in the extracellular space, GzmA, with trypsin-like activity, is involved in the pathophysiology of different inflammatory diseases. However, there are no validated specific systems to detect active forms of extracellular GzmA, making it difficult to assess its biological relevance and potential use as a biomarker. Here, we have developed fluorescence-energy resonance-transfer (FRET)-based peptide probes (FAM-peptide-DABCYL) to specifically detect GzmA activity in tissue samples and biological fluids in both mouse and human samples during inflammatory diseases. An initial probe was developed and incubated with GzmA and different proteases like GzmB and others with similar cleavage specificity as GzmA like GzmK, thrombin, trypsin, kallikrein, or plasmin. After measuring fluorescence, the probe showed very good specificity and sensitivity for human and mouse GzmA when compared to GzmB, its closest homologue GzmK, and with thrombin. The specificity of this probe was further refined by incubating the samples in a coated plate with a GzmA-specific antibody before adding the probe. The results show a high specific detection of soluble GzmA even when compared with other soluble proteases with very similar cleavage specificity like thrombin, GzmK, trypsin, kallikrein, or plasmin, which shows nearly no fluorescence signal. The high specific detection of GzmA was validated, showing that using pure proteins and serum and tissue samples from GzmA-deficient mice presented a significant reduction in the signal compared with WT mice. The utility of this system in humans was confirmed, showing that GzmA activity was significantly higher in serum samples from septic patients in comparison with healthy donors. Our results present a new immunoprobe with utility to detect extracellular GzmA activity more...
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- 2024
277. Biotic homogenization, lower soil fungal diversity and fewer rare taxa in arable soils across Europe
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Swiss National Science Foundation, German Research Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Banerjee, Samiran, Zhao, Cheng, Garland, Gina, Edlinger, Anna, García-Palacios, Pablo, Romdhane, Sana, Degrune, Florine, Pescador, David S., Herzog, Chantal, Camuy-Velez, Lennel A., Bascompte, Jordi, Hallin, Sara, Philippot, Laurent, Maestre, Fernando T., Rillig, Matthias C., van der Heijden, Marcel G. A., Swiss National Science Foundation, German Research Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), García-Palacios, Pablo [0000-0002-6367-4761], Banerjee, Samiran, Zhao, Cheng, Garland, Gina, Edlinger, Anna, García-Palacios, Pablo, Romdhane, Sana, Degrune, Florine, Pescador, David S., Herzog, Chantal, Camuy-Velez, Lennel A., Bascompte, Jordi, Hallin, Sara, Philippot, Laurent, Maestre, Fernando T., Rillig, Matthias C., and van der Heijden, Marcel G. A. more...
- Abstract
Soil fungi are a key constituent of global biodiversity and play a pivotal role in agroecosystems. How arable farming affects soil fungal biogeography and whether it has a disproportional impact on rare taxa is poorly understood. Here, we used the high-resolution PacBio Sequel targeting the entire ITS region to investigate the distribution of soil fungi in 217 sites across a 3000 km gradient in Europe. We found a consistently lower diversity of fungi in arable lands than grasslands, with geographic locations significantly impacting fungal community structures. Prevalent fungal groups became even more abundant, whereas rare groups became fewer or absent in arable lands, suggesting a biotic homogenization due to arable farming. The rare fungal groups were narrowly distributed and more common in grasslands. Our findings suggest that rare soil fungi are disproportionally affected by arable farming, and sustainable farming practices should protect rare taxa and the ecosystem services they support. more...
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- 2024
278. Systemic analysis of metabolome reconfiguration in Arabidopsis after abiotic stressors uncovers metabolites that modulate defense against pathogens
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European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), García-Molina, Antoni, Pastor, Victoria, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), García-Molina, Antoni, and Pastor, Victoria more...
- Abstract
Understanding plant immune responses is complex because of the high interdependence among biological processes in homeostatic networks. Hence, the integration of environmental cues causes network rewiring that interferes with defense responses. Similarly, plants retain molecular signatures configured under abiotic stress periods to rapidly respond to recurrent stress, and these can alter immunity. Metabolome changes imposed by abiotic stressors are persistent, although their impact on defense remains to be clarified. In this study, we profiled metabolomes of Arabidopsis plants under several abiotic stress treatments applied individually or simultaneously to capture temporal trajectories in metabolite composition during adverse conditions and recovery. Further systemic analysis was performed to address the relevance of metabolome changes and extract central features to be tested in planta. Our results demonstrate irreversibility in major fractions of metabolome changes as a general pattern in response to abiotic stress periods. Functional analysis of metabolomes and co-abundance networks points to convergence in the reconfiguration of organic acid and secondary metabolite metabolism. Arabidopsis mutant lines for components related to these metabolic pathways showed altered defense capacities against different pathogens. Collectively, our data suggest that sustained metabolome changes configured in adverse environments can act as modulators of immune responses and provide evidence for a new layer of regulation in plant defense. more...
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- 2024
279. Optimized cross-polarized LEKIDs for W-band using sawtooth inductors
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Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Universidad de Cantabria, Comunidad de Madrid, CSIC - Plataforma Temática Interdisciplinar del CSIC Es Ciencia (PTI Es Ciencia), Ory, Marina C. de, Rodríguez, David, Villa, Enrique, Fuente, Luisa de la, Aja, Beatriz, Rollano, Victor, Magaz, María Teresa, Pascual, Juan P., Granados, Daniel, Artal, Eduardo, Gómez, Alicia, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Universidad de Cantabria, Comunidad de Madrid, CSIC - Plataforma Temática Interdisciplinar del CSIC Es Ciencia (PTI Es Ciencia), Ory, Marina C. de, Rodríguez, David, Villa, Enrique, Fuente, Luisa de la, Aja, Beatriz, Rollano, Victor, Magaz, María Teresa, Pascual, Juan P., Granados, Daniel, Artal, Eduardo, and Gómez, Alicia more...
- Abstract
Lumped-element kinetic inductance detectors (LEKIDs) based on sawtooth inductors for W -band are presented in this article. A careful analysis is carried out for the cross-polarization in the inductor geometry, which brings out the absorption of the nondesired E -field component of an incident wave plane. The proposed inductor geometry with sawtooth sections demonstrates improved cross-polarization. The analytical results are verified by comparison with 3-D electromagnetic (EM) simulations. As the first proof of concept, W -band optical response is demonstrated through quasioptical characterization at room temperature of an aluminum LEKID array. Moreover, a LEKID array based on bilayer superconducting titanium/aluminum (Ti/Al) thin film is developed for evaluating the performance at millikelvin temperatures. Darkness characterization confirms the high-quality factor of the fabricated detectors and the low-frequency design reliability. In addition, cryogenic optical experiments are performed for spectroscopic and detector sensitivity characterization. The proposed geometry opens the possibility of developing large-format polarimetric cameras based on on-chip LEKID structures for future astronomical experiments. more...
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- 2024
280. Single and longitudinal genome-wide association studies for dairy traits available in goats with three recorded lactations
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Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Luigi-Sierra, Maria Gracia [0000-0002-6414-0550], Castelló, Anna [0000-0001-8497-6251], Amills, Marcel [0000-0002-8999-0770], Luigi-Sierra, Maria Gracia, Martínez, Amparo, Macri, Martina, Delgado, Juan Vicente, Castelló, Anna, Fernández-Álvarez, Javier, Such, Xavier, Jordana, Jordi, Amills, Marcel, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Luigi-Sierra, Maria Gracia [0000-0002-6414-0550], Castelló, Anna [0000-0001-8497-6251], Amills, Marcel [0000-0002-8999-0770], Luigi-Sierra, Maria Gracia, Martínez, Amparo, Macri, Martina, Delgado, Juan Vicente, Castelló, Anna, Fernández-Álvarez, Javier, Such, Xavier, Jordana, Jordi, and Amills, Marcel more...
- Abstract
Milk yield and composition phenotypes are systematically recorded across several lactations in goats, but the majority of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) performed so far have rather ignored the longitudinal nature of such data. Here, we have used two different GWAS approaches to analyse data from three lactations recorded in Murciano-Granadina goats. In Analysis 1, independent GWAS have been carried out for each trait and lactation, while a single longitudinal GWAS, jointly considering all data, has been performed in Analysis 2. In both analyses, genome-wide significant QTL for lactose percentage on chromosome 2 (129.77–131.01 Mb) and for milk protein percentage on the chromosome 6 (74.8–94.6 Mb) casein gene cluster region were detected. In Analysis 1, several QTL were not replicated in all three lactations, possibly due to the existence of lactation-specific genetic determinants. In Analysis 2, we identified several genome-wide significant QTL related to milk yield and protein content that were not uncovered in Analysis 1. The increased number of QTL identified in Analysis 2 suggests that the longitudinal GWAS is particularly well suited for the genetic analysis of dairy traits. Moreover, our data confirm that variability within or close to the casein complex is the main genetic determinant of milk protein percentage in Murciano-Granadina goats. more...
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- 2024
281. Late Miocene onset of the modern Antarctic Circumpolar Current
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Australian Research Council, Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (France), Generalitat de Catalunya, International Ocean Discovery Program, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), UK Research and Innovation, Evangelinos, Dimitris, Etourneau, Johan, van de Flierdt, Tina, Crosta, Xavier, Jeandel, Catherine, Flores, José Abel, Harwood, David M., Valero, Luis, Ducassou, Emmanuelle, Sauermilch, Isabel, Klocker, Andreas, Cacho, Isabel, Pena, Leopoldo D., Kreissig, Katharina, Benoit, Mathie, Paredes, Eduardo, García-Solsona, Ester, López-Quirós, Adrián, Escutia, Carlota, Australian Research Council, Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (France), Generalitat de Catalunya, International Ocean Discovery Program, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), UK Research and Innovation, Evangelinos, Dimitris, Etourneau, Johan, van de Flierdt, Tina, Crosta, Xavier, Jeandel, Catherine, Flores, José Abel, Harwood, David M., Valero, Luis, Ducassou, Emmanuelle, Sauermilch, Isabel, Klocker, Andreas, Cacho, Isabel, Pena, Leopoldo D., Kreissig, Katharina, Benoit, Mathie, Paredes, Eduardo, García-Solsona, Ester, López-Quirós, Adrián, and Escutia, Carlota more...
- Abstract
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current plays a pivotal role in global climate through its strong influence on the global overturning circulation, ocean heat and CO uptake. However, when and how the Antarctic Circumpolar Current reached its modern-like characteristics remains disputed. Here we present neodymium isotope and sortable silt records from sediment cores in the Southwest Pacific and South Indian oceans spanning the past 31 million years. Our data indicate that a circumpolar current like that of today did not exist before the late Miocene cooling. These findings suggest that the emergence of a homogeneous and deep-reaching strong Antarctic Circumpolar Current was not linked solely to the opening and deepening of Southern Ocean Gateways triggering continental-scale Antarctic Ice Sheet expansion during the Eocene–Oligocene Transition (∼34 Ma). Instead, we find that besides tectonic pre-conditioning, the expansion of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and sea ice since the middle Miocene Climate Transition (∼14 Ma) played a crucial role. This led to stronger density contrast and intensified Southern Westerly Winds across the Southern Ocean, establishing a vigorous deep-reaching circumpolar flow and an enhanced global overturning circulation, which amplified the late Cenozoic global cooling. more...
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- 2024
282. Exploring large-scale gene coexpression networks in peach (Prunus persica L.): a new tool for predicting gene function
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Pérez de los Cobos, Felipe [0000-0001-5932-880X], García-Gómez, Beatriz E. [0000-0003-4300-3714], Arús, Pere [0000-0003-0939-8038], Matus, José Tomás [0000-0002-9196-1813], Eduardo, Iban [0000-0002-9963-2934], Pérez de los Cobos, Felipe, García-Gómez, Beatriz E., Orduña-Rubio, Luis, Batlle, Ignasi, Arús, Pere, Matus, José Tomás, Eduardo, Iban, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Pérez de los Cobos, Felipe [0000-0001-5932-880X], García-Gómez, Beatriz E. [0000-0003-4300-3714], Arús, Pere [0000-0003-0939-8038], Matus, José Tomás [0000-0002-9196-1813], Eduardo, Iban [0000-0002-9963-2934], Pérez de los Cobos, Felipe, García-Gómez, Beatriz E., Orduña-Rubio, Luis, Batlle, Ignasi, Arús, Pere, Matus, José Tomás, and Eduardo, Iban more...
- Abstract
Peach is a model for Prunus genetics and genomics, however, identifying and validating genes associated to peach breeding traits is a complex task. A gene coexpression network (GCN) capable of capturing stable gene–gene relationships would help researchers overcome the intrinsic limitations of peach genetics and genomics approaches and outline future research opportunities. In this study, we created four GCNs from 604 Illumina RNA-Seq libraries. We evaluated the performance of every GCN in predicting functional annotations using an algorithm based on the ‘guilty-by-association’ principle. The GCN with the best performance was COO300, encompassing 21 956 genes. To validate its performance predicting gene function, we performed two case studies. In case study 1, we used two genes involved in fruit flesh softening: the endopolygalacturonases PpPG21 and PpPG22. Genes coexpressing with both genes were extracted and referred to as melting flesh (MF) network. Finally, we performed an enrichment analysis of MF network and compared the results with the current knowledge regarding peach fruit softening. The MF network mostly included genes involved in cell wall expansion and remodeling, and with expressions triggered by ripening-related phytohormones, such as ethylene, auxin, and methyl jasmonate. In case study 2, we explored potential targets of the anthocyanin regulator PpMYB10.1 by comparing its gene-centered coexpression network with that of its grapevine orthologues, identifying a common regulatory network. These results validated COO300 as a powerful tool for peach and Prunus research. This network, renamed as PeachGCN v1.0, and the scripts required to perform a function prediction analysis are available at https://github.com/felipecobos/PeachGCN. more...
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- 2024
283. Identification of candidate regulatory genes for intramuscular fatty acid composition in pigs by transcriptome analysis
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Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, Valdés Hernández, Jesús [0000-0001-5314-0988], Folch, Josep María [0000-0003-3689-1303], Crespo-Piazuelo, Daniel [0000-0001-7896-2507], Passols, Magí [0000-0002-6853-4119], Criado-Mesas, Lourdes [0000-0002-1115-4131], Castelló, Anna [0000-0001-8497-6251], Sánchez, Armand [0000-0001-9160-1124], Valdés Hernández, Jesús, Folch, Josep María, Crespo-Piazuelo, Daniel, Passols, Magí, Sebastià, Cristina, Criado-Mesas, Lourdes, Castelló, Anna, Sánchez, Armand, Ramayo-Caldas, Yuliaxis, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, Valdés Hernández, Jesús [0000-0001-5314-0988], Folch, Josep María [0000-0003-3689-1303], Crespo-Piazuelo, Daniel [0000-0001-7896-2507], Passols, Magí [0000-0002-6853-4119], Criado-Mesas, Lourdes [0000-0002-1115-4131], Castelló, Anna [0000-0001-8497-6251], Sánchez, Armand [0000-0001-9160-1124], Valdés Hernández, Jesús, Folch, Josep María, Crespo-Piazuelo, Daniel, Passols, Magí, Sebastià, Cristina, Criado-Mesas, Lourdes, Castelló, Anna, Sánchez, Armand, and Ramayo-Caldas, Yuliaxis more...
- Abstract
[Background] Intramuscular fat (IMF) content and its fatty acid (FA) composition are typically controlled by several genes, each with a small effect. In the current study, to pinpoint candidate genes and putative regulators involved in FA composition, we performed a multivariate integrative analysis between intramuscular FA and transcriptome profiles of porcine longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle. We also carried out a combination of network, regulatory impact factor (RIF), in silico prediction of putative target genes, and functional analyses to better support the biological relevance of our findings., [Results] For this purpose, we used LD RNA-Seq and intramuscular FA composition profiles of 129 Iberian × Duroc backcrossed pigs. We identified 378 correlated variables (13 FA and 365 genes), including six FA (C20:4n-6, C18:2n-6, C20:3n-6, C18:1n-9, C18:0, and C16:1n-7) that were among the most interconnected variables in the predicted network. The detected FA-correlated genes include genes involved in lipid and/or carbohydrate metabolism or in regulation of IMF deposition (e.g., ADIPOQ, CHUK, CYCS, CYP4B1, DLD, ELOVL6, FBP1, G0S2, GCLC, HMGCR, IDH3A, LEP, LGALS12, LPIN1, PLIN1, PNPLA8, PPP1R1B, SDR16C5, SFRP5, SOD3, SNW1, and TFRC), meat quality (GALNT15, GOT1, MDH1, NEU3, PDHA1, SDHD, and UNC93A), and transport (e.g., EXOC7 and SLC44A2). Functional analysis highlighted 54 over-represented gene ontology terms, including well-known biological processes and pathways that regulate lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. RIF analysis suggested a pivotal role for six transcription factors (CARHSP1, LBX1, MAFA, PAX7, SIX5, and TADA2A) as putative regulators of gene expression and intramuscular FA composition. Based on in silico prediction, we identified putative target genes for these six regulators. Among these, TADA2A and CARHSP1 had extreme RIF scores and present novel regulators in pigs. In addition, the expression of TADA2A correlated (either positively or negatively) with C20:4n-6, C18:2n-6, C20:3n-6, C18:1n-9, and that of CARHSP1 correlated (positively) with the C16:1n-7 lipokine. We also found that these two transcription factors share target genes that are involved in lipid metabolism (e.g., GOT1, PLIN1, and TFRC)., [Conclusions] This integrative analysis of muscle transcriptome and intramuscular FA profile revealed valuable information about key candidate genes and potential regulators for FA and lipid metabolism in pigs, among which some transcription factors are proposed to control gene expression and modulate FA composition differences. more...
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- 2024
284. Genomic analysis of fruit size and shape traits in apple: unveiling candidate genes through GWAS analysis
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Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Programa Nacional de Becas de Postgrado en el Exterior Don Carlos Antonio López (Paraguay), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Dujak, Christian, Coleto, Veredas, Aranzana, Maria José, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Programa Nacional de Becas de Postgrado en el Exterior Don Carlos Antonio López (Paraguay), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Dujak, Christian, Coleto, Veredas, and Aranzana, Maria José more...
- Abstract
Genomic tools facilitate the efficient selection of improved genetic materials within a breeding program. Here, we focus on two apple fruit quality traits: shape and size. We utilized data from 11 fruit morphology parameters gathered across three years of harvest from 355 genotypes of the apple REFPOP collection, which serves as a representative sample of the genetic variability present in European-cultivated apples. The data were then employed for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using the FarmCPU and the BLINK models. The analysis identified 59 SNPs associated with fruit size and shape traits (35 with FarmCPU and 45 with BLINK) responsible for 71 QTNs. These QTNs were distributed across all chromosomes except for chromosomes 10 and 15. Thirty-four QTNs, identified by 27 SNPs, were related for size traits, and 37 QTNs, identified by 26 SNPs, were related to shape attributes. The definition of the haploblocks containing the most relevant SNPs served to propose candidate genes, among them the genes of the ovate family protein MdOFP17 and MdOFP4 that were in a 9.7kb haploblock on Chromosome 11. RNA-seq data revealed low or null expression of these genes in the oblong cultivar “Skovfoged” and higher expression in the flat “Grand’mere.” The Gene Ontology enrichment analysis support a role of OFPs and hormones in shape regulation. In conclusion, this comprehensive GWAS analysis of the apple REFPOP collection has revealed promising genetic markers and candidate genes associated with apple fruit shape and size attributes, providing valuable insights that could enhance the efficiency of future breeding programs. more...
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- 2024
285. High gas permeability in aged superglassy membranes with nanosized UiO-66−NH2/cPIM-1 network fillers
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, China Scholarship Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), University of Manchester, University of Melbourne, Ningbo University, Boya, Qiu, Ming, Yu, Luque-Alled, José Miguel, Ding, Shengzhe, Foster, Andrew B., Budd, Peter M., Fan, Xiaolei, Gorgojo, Patricia, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), European Commission, China Scholarship Council, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), University of Manchester, University of Melbourne, Ningbo University, Boya, Qiu, Ming, Yu, Luque-Alled, José Miguel, Ding, Shengzhe, Foster, Andrew B., Budd, Peter M., Fan, Xiaolei, and Gorgojo, Patricia more...
- Abstract
Superglassy membranes synthesised by polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) suffer from physical aging and show poor gas permeance over time, especially thin membranes, due to the fast rearrangement of nonequilibrium polymer chains. Herein, we constructed a novel PIM-1 thin film nanocomposite membrane (TFN) using nanosized UiO-66−NH2 (≈10 nm)/carboxylated PIM-1 (cPIM-1) as the composite filler. Unlike conventional fillers, which interact with the polymer only via the surface, the UiO-66−NH2/cPIM-1 forms a stable three-dimensional (3D) network intertwining with the polymer chains, being very effective to impede chain relaxation, and thus physical aging. Nanosizing of UiO-66−NH2 was achieved by regulating the nucleation kinetics using carbon quantum dots (CQD) during the synthesis. This led to increased surface area, and hence more functional groups to bond with cPIM-1 (via hydrogen bonding between −NH2 and −COOH groups), which also improved interfacial compatibility between the 3D network and polymer chains avoiding defect formation. As a result, the novel TFN showed significantly improved performance in gas separation along with reduced aging (i.e. ≈6 % loss in CO2 permeability over 63 days); the aged membranes had a CO2 permeance of 2504 GPU and ideal selectivity values of 37.2 and 23.8 for CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4, respectively. more...
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- 2024
286. Water aging and the quality of organic carbon sources drive niche partitioning of the active bathypelagic prokaryotic microbiome
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Department of Energy (US), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Sebastián, Marta [0000-0001-7175-8941], Álvarez-Salgado, Xosé Antón [0000-0002-2387-9201], Reche, Isabel [/0000-0003-2908-1724], Morán, Xosé Anxelu G.[ 0000-0002-9823-5339], Sebastián, Marta, Sánchez Fernández, Pablo, Salazar, Guillem, Álvarez-Salgado, Xosé Antón, Reche, Isabel, Morán, Xosé Anxelu G., Sala, M. Montserrat, Duarte, Carlos M., Acinas, Silvia G., Gasol, Josep M., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Department of Energy (US), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Sebastián, Marta [0000-0001-7175-8941], Álvarez-Salgado, Xosé Antón [0000-0002-2387-9201], Reche, Isabel [/0000-0003-2908-1724], Morán, Xosé Anxelu G.[ 0000-0002-9823-5339], Sebastián, Marta, Sánchez Fernández, Pablo, Salazar, Guillem, Álvarez-Salgado, Xosé Antón, Reche, Isabel, Morán, Xosé Anxelu G., Sala, M. Montserrat, Duarte, Carlos M., Acinas, Silvia G., and Gasol, Josep M. more...
- Abstract
Due to the scarcity of organic matter (OM) sources in the bathypelagic (1000–4000 m depth), prokaryotic metabolism is believed to be concentrated on particles originating from the surface. However, the structure of active bathypelagic prokaryotic communities and how it changes across environmental gradients remains unexplored. Using a combination of 16S rRNA gene and transcripts sequencing, metagenomics, and substrate uptake potential measurements, here we aimed to explore how water masses aging and the quality of OM influence the structure of the active microbiome, and the potential implications for community function. We found that the relative contribution of taxa with a free-living lifestyle to the active microbiome increased in older water masses that were enriched in recalcitrant OM, suggesting that these prokaryotes may also play a substantial role in the bathypelagic metabolism of vast areas of the ocean. In comparison to particle-associated prokaryotes, free-living prokaryotes exhibited lower potential metabolic rates, and harbored a limited number of two-component sensory systems, suggesting they have less ability to sense and respond to environmental cues. In contrast, particle-associated prokaryotes carried genes for particle colonization and carbohydrate utilization that were absent in prokaryotes with a free-living lifestyle. Consistently, we observed that prokaryotic communities inhabiting older waters displayed reduced abilities to colonize particles, and higher capabilities to use complex carbon sources, compared to communities in waters with a higher proportion of labile OM. Our results provide evidence of regionalization of the bathypelagic active prokaryotic microbiome, unveiling a niche partitioning based on the quality of OM more...
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- 2024
287. Generation of highly anisotropic physical properties in ferromagnetic thin films controlled by their differently oriented nano-sheets
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Universidad Pública de Navarra, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Gobierno de Aragón, Favieres, Cristina, Vergara, José, Magén, César, Ibarra, M. Ricardo, Madurga, Vicente, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Gobierno de Aragón, Favieres, Cristina, Vergara, José, Magén, César, Ibarra, M. Ricardo, and Madurga, Vicente more...
- Abstract
We fabricated ferromagnetic nano-crystalline thin films of Co, Fe, Co–Fe and Co-rich and Fe-rich, Co–MT and Fe–MT (MT = transition metal), constituted by nano-sheets with a controlled slant. Visualization of these nano-sheets by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) showed typically tilt angles ≈56° with respect to the substrate plane, and nano-sheets ≈3.0–4.0 nm thick, ≈30–100 nm wide, and ≈200–300 nm long, with an inter-sheet distance of ≈0.9–1.2 nm, depending on their constitutive elements. Induced by this nano-morphology, these films exhibited large uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in the plane, the easy direction of magnetization being parallel to the longitudinal direction of the nano-sheets. In the as-grown films, typical values of the anisotropy field were between Hk ≈ 48 and 110 kA/m depending on composition. The changes in the nano-morphology caused by thermal treatments, and hence in the anisotropic properties, were also visualized by HRTEM, including chemical analysis at the nano-scale. Some films retained their nano-sheet morphology and increased their anisotropies by up to three times after being heated to at least 500 °C: for example, the thermal treatments produced crystallization processes and the growth of CoV and CoFe magnetic phases, maintaining the nano-sheet morphology. In contrast, other annealed films, Co, Fe, CoZn, CoCu… lost their nano-sheet morphology and hence their anisotropies. This work opens a path of study for these new magnetically anisotropic materials, particularly with respect to the nano-morphological and structural changes related to the increase in magnetic anisotropy. more...
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- 2024
288. Long lived photogenerated charge carriers in few-layer transition metal dichalcogenides obtained from liquid phase exfoliation
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European Commission, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, European Research Council, German Research Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Morabito, Floriana, Synnatschke, Kevin, Mehew, Jake D., Varghese, Sebin, Sayers, Charles James, Folpini, Giulia, Petrozza, Annamaria, Cerullo, Giulio, Tielrooij, Klaas-Jan, Coleman, Jonathan, Nicolosi, Valeria, Gadermaier, Christoph, European Commission, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, European Research Council, German Research Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Morabito, Floriana, Synnatschke, Kevin, Mehew, Jake D., Varghese, Sebin, Sayers, Charles James, Folpini, Giulia, Petrozza, Annamaria, Cerullo, Giulio, Tielrooij, Klaas-Jan, Coleman, Jonathan, Nicolosi, Valeria, and Gadermaier, Christoph more...
- Abstract
Semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides are important optoelectronic materials thanks to their intense light–matter interaction and wide selection of fabrication techniques, with potential applications in light harvesting and sensing. Crucially, these applications depend on the lifetimes and recombination dynamics of photogenerated charge carriers, which have primarily been studied in monolayers obtained from labour-intensive mechanical exfoliation or costly chemical vapour deposition. On the other hand, liquid phase exfoliation presents a high throughput and cost-effective method to produce dispersions of mono- and few-layer nanosheets. This approach allows for easy scalability and enables the subsequent processing and formation of macroscopic films directly from the liquid phase. Here, we use transient absorption spectroscopy and spatiotemporally resolved pump–probe microscopy to study the charge carrier dynamics in tiled nanosheet films of MoS2 and WS2 deposited from the liquid phase using an adaptation of the Langmuir–Schaefer technique. We find an efficient photogeneration of charge carriers with lifetimes of several nanoseconds, which we ascribe to stabilisation at nanosheet edges. These findings provide scope for photocatalytic and photodetector applications, where long-lived charge carriers are crucial, and suggest design strategies for photovoltaic devices. more...
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- 2024
289. Human colonisation and vegetation response to Late Pleistocene to mid-Holocene climate variability in Northern Iberia based on a multiproxy analysis of the Atxurra cave-fill
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Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, CICYT (España), Diputación Foral de Bizkaia, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Aranbarri, J., Arriolabengoa, M., Rios-Garaizar, Joseba, Aranburu-Mendizabal, Ainhoa, Uzquiano, Paloma, Arranz-Otaegui, Amaia, González-Sampériz, Penélope, Garate, Diego, Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología, CICYT (España), Diputación Foral de Bizkaia, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Aranbarri, J., Arriolabengoa, M., Rios-Garaizar, Joseba, Aranburu-Mendizabal, Ainhoa, Uzquiano, Paloma, Arranz-Otaegui, Amaia, González-Sampériz, Penélope, and Garate, Diego more...
- Abstract
Atxurra Cave (Berriatua, Northern Spain) contains an important Magdalenian archaeological assemblage comprising evidence of ephemeral occupation in the lower cave level and a unique assemblage of rock art. With the aim of understanding the palaeoenvironmental conditions and the nature of the human occupation, detailed micromorphological, mineralogical, palynological and anthracological analyses were undertaken near the entrance of the cave. The lower part of the excavated sequence comprises almost unfossiliferous silty units deposited over a thick speleothem deposit, which alternates with a sandy-silt matrix-supported microfacies dated about 33.4 kyr B.P. Palynological assemblage in this unit suggest regional vegetation was formed by montane pines, junipers and broadleaved elements like birch and hazel. Overlying units of brown clayey material, dated to ca. 19.7–18.4 kyr B.P., contain evidence of a Gravettian occupation with Noailles burins, and a palynoflora indicative of localized conifers with a dense herbaceous steppe understory, in an arid and cold climate. At ca. 15.5–14.5 kyr B.P. there is a return to meso-thermophilous tree and shrub taxa within a warmer and humid climate background, which may have favored the regional development of the Magdalenian culture. The uppermost unit, dated ca. 7.7–7 kyr B.P., reveals postglacial expansion of a mixed Atlantic forest with no signals of anthropization before the start of the Neolithic. more...
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- 2024
290. Fine-scale collision risk mapping and validation with long-term mortality data reveal current and future wind energy development impact on sensitive species
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Bárdenas Reales de Navarra, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Junta de Andalucía, Ecotone telemetry, Generalitat Valenciana, Morant, Jon, Arrondo, Eneko, Sánchez-Zapata, José A., Donázar, José A., Margalida, Antoni, Carrete, Martina, Blanco, Guillermo, Guil, Francisco, Serrano, David, Pérez-García, Juan M., Bárdenas Reales de Navarra, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Junta de Andalucía, Ecotone telemetry, Generalitat Valenciana, Morant, Jon, Arrondo, Eneko, Sánchez-Zapata, José A., Donázar, José A., Margalida, Antoni, Carrete, Martina, Blanco, Guillermo, Guil, Francisco, Serrano, David, and Pérez-García, Juan M. more...
- Abstract
The ongoing demand for renewable energy has boosted the development of wind farms worldwide. Given the impact these facilities have on flying species, a spatially explicit assessment of collision risk in vulnerable species is needed to guide management actions and prioritise areas for installing these infrastructures. We used GPS-tracking data of 127 adult and 50 juvenile griffon vultures in peninsular Spain gathered between 2014 and 2022 to evaluate factors influencing vulnerability and exposure and predict collision risk. We validate the observed collision risk with recorded long-term mortality data (1999–2022) at regional and wind farm scales and evaluate the estimated impact of current and future turbine facilities. Our results showed that overall food availability increases vulnerability and exposure, whilst distance to nesting areas and the presence of conspecifics decreased both vulnerability and exposure in adults and juveniles, respectively. Our maps revealed that 19% and 10% of the Spanish peninsular area had a high collision risk for adults and juveniles, respectively. Importantly, the number of turbine casualties was positively related to collision risk at the regional and wind farm scale and ∼ 18 of the breeding population lies within high collision risk areas.Moreover, the areas with the highest risk of collision also have the highest number of turbines and largely overlap with areas suitable for developing new wind farms. Our study highlights the need to reduce collision risk mapping uncertainties by validating model outputs with actual mortality data. Moreover, it emphasises the urgent need for spatial planning of wind energy development, searching for safer alternatives for biodiversity. This approach undoubtedly serves as a tool to define “not go to” areas for installing new turbines for one of the most sensitive species. more...
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- 2024
291. Shotgun proteomic analyses of Pseudomonas species isolated from fish products
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Ministerio de Universidades (España), European Commission, Xunta de Galicia, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Abril, Ana G. [0000-0002-9214-3273], Carrera, Mónica [0000-0003-2973-449X], Abril, Ana G., Calo-Mata, Pilar, Böhme, K., Villa, Tomás G., Barros-Velázquez, Jorge, Sánchez-Pérez, Ángeles, Pazos Palmeiro, Manuel, Carrera, Mónica, Ministerio de Universidades (España), European Commission, Xunta de Galicia, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Abril, Ana G. [0000-0002-9214-3273], Carrera, Mónica [0000-0003-2973-449X], Abril, Ana G., Calo-Mata, Pilar, Böhme, K., Villa, Tomás G., Barros-Velázquez, Jorge, Sánchez-Pérez, Ángeles, Pazos Palmeiro, Manuel, and Carrera, Mónica more...
- Abstract
Numerous Pseudomonas species can infect aquatic animals, such as farmed rainbow trout, sea trout, sea bass, and sea bream, by causing disease or stress reactions. In aquaculture facilities, a number of Pseudomonas species have been isolated and identified as the main pathogens. The present study describes the characterization of 18 Pseudomonas strains, isolated from fish products using shotgun proteomics. The bacterial proteomes obtained were further analyzed to identify the main functional pathway proteins involved. In addition, this study revealed the presence of 1015 non-redundant peptides related to virulence factors. An additional 25 species-specific peptides were identified as putative Pseudomonas spp. biomarkers. The results constitute the largest dataset, described thus far for the rapid identification and characterization of Pseudomonas species present in edible fish; furthermore, these data can provide the basis for further research into the development of new therapies against these harmful pathogens more...
- Published
- 2024
292. Barrovian metamorphism in nominally lowermost Alpujarride Complex units: tectonic implications for the development of the orogenic wedge in the Western Mediterranean
- Author
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Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Blanco-Quintero, Idael Francisco, Martín-Algarra, Agustín, Santamaría-Pérez, E., González-Jiménez, José M., Sánchez Navas, Antonio, Benavente, D., Cañaveras, J. C., García-Casco, Antonio, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Junta de Andalucía, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Blanco-Quintero, Idael Francisco, Martín-Algarra, Agustín, Santamaría-Pérez, E., González-Jiménez, José M., Sánchez Navas, Antonio, Benavente, D., Cañaveras, J. C., and García-Casco, Antonio more...
- Abstract
The sedimentary successions of the Permian-Triassic rifting related to the Alpine Tethys in the easternmost Lower Alpujarride units (Internal Betic Zone, south Spain) host shallow-intrusive basic bodies of Mesozoic age. These gabbroic bodies experienced low-grade Alpine metamorphic overprint, singularly recorded in three outcrops nearby Alicante city in southeast Spain: Callosa and Orihuela Ranges and Nueva Tabarca Island. Overall, the metabasic bodies still preserve magmatic ophitic/subophitic texture and relicts of magmatic augite and ferropargasite-ferroedenite-edenite and kaersutite. In contrast, metamorphic minerals include magnesioriebeckite, actinolite, albite, stilpnomelane, phengite, and chlorite. Major and trace element geochemical data suggest crystallization of the igneous protoliths from subalkaline (tholeiitic) to alkaline within-plate (continental) basaltic magmas slightly enriched in incompatible elements. These magmas with E-MORB geochemical affinity very likely intruded at shallow crustal levels in an extensional-synrift-geodynamic setting related to the breakoff of Pangea in the region. Pressure-Temperature (P-T) conditions estimated by average P-T method and pseudosection calculations suggest metamorphic peak at ca. 6 kbar at 340°C consistent with burial metamorphism down to ca. 18 km depth with intermediate thermal gradients of ca. 18°C/km. These conditions are different to the typical subduction-related blueschist facies conditions of the Lower Alpujarride units and suggest, instead, a collisional (Barrovian) event. This can be explained by a late-stage accretion of the studied units after the main subduction-related event, pointing to the dispersion of the corresponding Lower Alpujarride sections along the margin in different palaeogeographic positions before deformation and movement to their actual structural position. The metamorphic correlation of the studied units with the accreted passive margin of South Iberia (Subbetic zone) is also dis more...
- Published
- 2024
293. Early human selection of crops' wild progenitors explains the acquisitive physiology of modern cultivars
- Author
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Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Gómez-Fernández, Alicia [0000-0003-3422-0047], Aranda García, Ismael [0000-0001-9086-7940], Milla, Rubén [0000-0001-8912-4373], Gómez-Fernández, Alicia, Aranda García, Ismael, Milla, Rubén, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Gómez-Fernández, Alicia [0000-0003-3422-0047], Aranda García, Ismael [0000-0001-9086-7940], Milla, Rubén [0000-0001-8912-4373], Gómez-Fernández, Alicia, Aranda García, Ismael, and Milla, Rubén more...
- Abstract
Crops have resource-acquisitive leaf traits, which are usually attributed to the process of domestication. However, early choices of wild plants amenable for domestication may also have played a key role in the evolution of crops' physiological traits. Here we compiled data on 1,034 annual herbs to place the ecophysiological traits of 69 crops' wild progenitors in the context of global botanical variation, and we conducted a common-garden experiment to measure the effects of domestication on crop ecophysiology. Our study found that crops' wild progenitors already had high leaf nitrogen, photosynthesis, conductance and transpiration and soft leaves. After domestication, ecophysiological traits varied little and in idiosyncratic ways. Crops did not surpass the trait boundaries of wild species. Overall, the resource-acquisitive strategy of crops is largely due to the inheritance from their wild progenitors rather than to further breeding improvements. Our study concurs with recent literature highlighting constraints of crop breeding for faster ecophysiological traits. more...
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- 2024
294. Effect of protein-restricted diet during growing period on performance and carcass quality traits of Duroc x Iberian crossbred barrows under different management conditions
- Author
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Palma-Granados, Patricia [0000-0002-5240-2832], García Casco, Juan María [0000-0003-0851-608X], Font i Furnols, M. [0000-0002-2979-5113], Muñoz, María [0000-0002-7018-6977], Caraballo, Carmen [0000-0003-0360-9308], López-García, Adrián [0000-0002-8649-750X], Brun, Albert [0000-0002-7295-9072], Gispert, Marina [0000-0002-8302-2154], González-Sánchez, Elena [0000-0001-6411-9092], Palma-Granados, Patricia, García Casco, Juan María, Font i Furnols, M., Muñoz, María, Fernández-Barroso, Miguel Ángel, Caraballo, Carmen, López-García, Adrián, Brun, Albert, Gispert, Marina, González-Sánchez, Elena, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Palma-Granados, Patricia [0000-0002-5240-2832], García Casco, Juan María [0000-0003-0851-608X], Font i Furnols, M. [0000-0002-2979-5113], Muñoz, María [0000-0002-7018-6977], Caraballo, Carmen [0000-0003-0360-9308], López-García, Adrián [0000-0002-8649-750X], Brun, Albert [0000-0002-7295-9072], Gispert, Marina [0000-0002-8302-2154], González-Sánchez, Elena [0000-0001-6411-9092], Palma-Granados, Patricia, García Casco, Juan María, Font i Furnols, M., Muñoz, María, Fernández-Barroso, Miguel Ángel, Caraballo, Carmen, López-García, Adrián, Brun, Albert, Gispert, Marina, and González-Sánchez, Elena more...
- Abstract
This study investigated the effects of feeding protein-restricted diets during the growing period on performance and carcass quality traits of Duroc (boars) x Iberian (sows) crossbred pigs slaughtered at commercial weight for local pig production. Two trials were conducted in different management conditions, with 28 and 33 barrows, respectively. In each trial, pigs were divided into two dietary groups, one group received a control diet (CD, 16.5 % crude protein, CP) and the other one was fed a protein restricted diet (PRD_1 for Trial 1: 12.4 % CP; and PRD_2 for Trial 2: 10.0 % CP). At 100 kg of body weight (BW), five pigs per group and trial were slaughtered, while the remaining pigs were fattened on a standard finishing diet until reaching 160 kg BW before slaughter. No significant changes in growth, carcass and ham composition or backfat thickness due to decreased protein supply during the growing period were observed. However, the intramuscular fat content increased in Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) and ham muscles of PDR_2 pigs. Furthermore, the backfat fatty acid (FA) profile presented higher proportion of oleic and monounsaturated FAs in pigs fed PRD diets, while polyunsaturated FA decreased in PDR_2 pigs. The PRD_1 group exhibited higher redness and thawing water loss in LTL, while PDR_2 group showed greater redness, yellowness and thawing water loss values compared to the CD group. Overall, the results indicate that feeding protein-restricted diets during growing period did not have a substantial impact on growth or meat quality. The success of implementing such diets may be influenced by factors such as the protein restriction level and the animal management conditions. more...
- Published
- 2024
295. Science and technology parks and their effects on the quality of tenants’ patents
- Author
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Marcos Anton-Tejon [0000-0002-7430-8927], Martínez, Catalina [0000-0003-1010-8384], Tejon, Marcos Anton, Martínez, Catalina, Albahari, Alberto, Barge-Gil, Andrés, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Marcos Anton-Tejon [0000-0002-7430-8927], Martínez, Catalina [0000-0003-1010-8384], Tejon, Marcos Anton, Martínez, Catalina, Albahari, Alberto, and Barge-Gil, Andrés more...
- Abstract
Science and technology parks (STPs) have proliferated in many countries as an innovation policy tool. Several studies have used patent counts to assess their impact on innovation performance rather than the quality of patents, leading to mixed results. The aim of this paper is to explore whether STPs contribute to increasing the quality of patents filed by tenants since patent counts alone do not capture the technological or economic value of the patented inventions. Using a novel database of Spanish patents generated on- and off-park together with firms’ characteristics, we compare the quality of patents filed by firms located inside and outside STPs and find that STPs have a positive effect on the quality of the tenants’ innovative performance. We apply a novel econometric technique to confirm that our results are robust to omitted variable bias and explore possible channels through which STPs produce an effect on patent quality, such as by facilitating collaboration, increasing collaboration with universities, and fostering the internationalisation of inventions. more...
- Published
- 2024
296. Data for Dimensionality-driven metal-insulator transition in spin-orbit-coupled IrO2
- Author
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Gobierno de Aragón, Laguna-Marco, M. A. [0000-0003-4069-0395], Arias-Egido, Eduardo [0000-0002-0782-3160], Jiménez-Cavero, Pilar [0000-0003-0400-8600], Rivera-Calzada, Alberto [0000-0001-6744-590X], Santamaría, Jacobo [0000-0003-4594-2686], Laguna-Marco, M. A. [anlaguna@unizar.es], Laguna-Marco, M. A., Arias-Egido, Eduardo, Piquer, Cristina, Jiménez-Cavero, Pilar, Lucas, Irene, Gallego, Fernando, Rivera-Calzada, Alberto, Cabero-Piris, Mariona, Santamaría, Jacobo, Fabbris, Gilberto, Boada, Roberto, Proyecto: PID2020-115159GB-I00, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Gobierno de Aragón, Laguna-Marco, M. A. [0000-0003-4069-0395], Arias-Egido, Eduardo [0000-0002-0782-3160], Jiménez-Cavero, Pilar [0000-0003-0400-8600], Rivera-Calzada, Alberto [0000-0001-6744-590X], Santamaría, Jacobo [0000-0003-4594-2686], Laguna-Marco, M. A. [anlaguna@unizar.es], Laguna-Marco, M. A., Arias-Egido, Eduardo, Piquer, Cristina, Jiménez-Cavero, Pilar, Lucas, Irene, Gallego, Fernando, Rivera-Calzada, Alberto, Cabero-Piris, Mariona, Santamaría, Jacobo, Fabbris, Gilberto, Boada, Roberto, and Proyecto: PID2020-115159GB-I00 more...
- Published
- 2024
297. Metabarcoding reveals seasonal variations in the consumption of crops and weeds by wild Red-legged Partridges Alectoris rufa
- Author
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, European Commission, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Fundación Patrimonio Natural de Castilla y León, Portugal-Baranda, Telmo, Mougeot, François, Ortiz-Santaliestra, Manuel E., Madeira, María José, Fernández‐Vizcaíno, Elena, Cabodevilla, Xabier, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, European Commission, Eusko Jaurlaritza, Fundación Patrimonio Natural de Castilla y León, Portugal-Baranda, Telmo, Mougeot, François, Ortiz-Santaliestra, Manuel E., Madeira, María José, Fernández‐Vizcaíno, Elena, and Cabodevilla, Xabier more...
- Abstract
[ES] The intensification of agriculture is impacting farmland and is recognised as a main driver for biodiversity loss in these environments. Many farmland bird populations have been declining in recent decades because of agricultural intensification. This is the case of the Red-legged Partridge Alectoris rufa, a game bird that inhabits farming landscapes and has recently suffered drastic population declines in Spain. To fully understand the effects that agricultural intensification has on these birds, it is crucial to deepen the knowledge regarding their feeding habits and how these may vary seasonally. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed and reliable description of wild partridges’ plant diet composition. For this purpose, we collected faecal samples from 35 partridge flocks during autumn, winter and spring, and used DNA metabarcoding to identify plants consumed by this species. We used nuclear and chloroplastic barcodes for the amplification of ITS2 and rbcL gene regions, respectively. Our results showed that the diet of partridges was highly diverse, mainly consisting of cereals, weeds and legumes. The most frequently consumed genus was Hordeum, followed by Lolium, Papaver, Medicago and Avena. We further showed that diet composition varied significantly amongst seasons, with a higher proportion of cultivated plants (> 25%) being consumed during autumn and winter. During the cereal sowing period, cropped plants might be consumed as sown seeds, which are often coated with pesticides and could represent an important risk. In spring, before breeding, the diet was mostly composed of weeds. Plants of the Papaver genus could be consumed for anti-parasitic purposes, and as a source of antioxidants and carotenoids to increase ornamental coloration, especially during pairing and laying. Our results highlight the importance of maintaining heterogenous farming landscapes with fallow lands and field margins as sources of weeds to help the conservation of this spe, [DE] Die Intensivierung der Landwirtschaft hat Auswirkungen auf die landwirtschaftlich genutzten Flächen und gilt als Hauptursache für den Rückgang der biologischen Vielfalt in diesen Lebensräumen. Viele Vogelpopulationen in ländlichen Gegenden sind in den letzten Jahrzehnten aufgrund der Intensivierung der Landwirtschaft geschrumpft. Das trifft für das Rothuhn Alectoris rufa, zu, einem Wildvogel, der in Agrarlandschaften lebt und in letzter Zeit in Spanien einen drastischen Bestandsrückgang erlebt hat. Um die Auswirkungen der Intensivierung der Landwirtschaft auf diese Vögel vollständig zu verstehen, ist es entscheidend wichtig, mehr über ihre Ernährungsgewohnheiten und ihre jahreszeitlichen Schwankungen herauszufinden. Ziel dieser Studie war die Erstellung einer detaillierten und belastbaren Beschreibung der pflanzlichen Nahrungszusammensetzung von Rothühnern. Hierfür sammelten wir im Herbst, Winter und Frühjahr Kotproben von 35 Rothuhngruppen und identifizierten mit Hilfe von DNA-Metabarcoding die von ihnen gefressenen Pflanzen. Für die Amplifizierung der ITS2- bzw. rbcL-Genregionen setzten wir Barcodes von Zellkernen und Chloroplasten ein. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Ernährung der Rothühner sehr vielfältig ist und hauptsächlich aus Getreide, Unkräutern und Hülsenfrüchten besteht. Die am häufigsten gefressene Gattung war Hordeum, gefolgt von Lolium, Papaver, Medicago und Avena. Wir konnten außerdem zeigen, dass die Zusammensetzung der Nahrung je nach Jahreszeit erheblich variiert, wobei im Herbst und Winter ein höherer Anteil an Kulturpflanzen (> 25%) verzehrt wird. Während der Getreideaussaat wurden die geernteten Pflanzen vermutlich als Saatgut verzehrt, das wegen seiner häufigen Pestizid-Belastung ein erhebliches Risiko darstellen könnte. Im Frühjahr, vor der Paarung, bestand die Nahrung hauptsächlich aus Kräutern. Pflanzen der Gattung Papaver werden möglicherweise zur Bekämpfung von Parasiten und als Quelle von Antioxidantien und Carotinoiden für die S more...
- Published
- 2024
298. Assessing the effect of organic amendments on the degradation of profoxydim in paddy soils: Kinetic modeling and identification of degradation products
- Author
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Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Alonso Prados, Elena [0000-0002-0563-5262], Alonso Prados, José Luis [0000-0001-8704-947X], Sandín España, Pilar [0000-0003-0776-222X], Cervantes-Díaz, A., Alonso Prados, Elena, Alonso Prados, José Luis, Sandín España, Pilar, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), Comunidad de Madrid, Alonso Prados, Elena [0000-0002-0563-5262], Alonso Prados, José Luis [0000-0001-8704-947X], Sandín España, Pilar [0000-0003-0776-222X], Cervantes-Díaz, A., Alonso Prados, Elena, Alonso Prados, José Luis, and Sandín España, Pilar more...
- Abstract
The fate and behavior of herbicides can be altered in an unpredictable way when organic amendments are added to soil as a beneficial management tool. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect exerted by the addition of two different organic amendments (alperujo compost and biochar) to soil in the degradation of one of the most relevant new generation rice herbicides, profoxydim. In unamended soils, the degradation of profoxydim was quite fast and was governed by both chemical (DT50steril soil = from 1.52 to 9.21 days) and microbial (DT50nonsterile soil = from 0.47 to 0.53 days) processes. Alperujo- and biochar-amended soils significantly increased the persistence of the herbicide in both soils, especially in the presence of biochar, due to the high capacity absorption of this amendment, increasing DT90 from 1.92 to 3.54 days for DT90unamended to 41.02-48.41 days for DT90biochar amended. Different kinetics models applied to fit the observed dissipation datasets showed that a HS biphasic model fits well with the dissipation of profoxydim in amended and unamended soils. For the first time, five degradation products (DPs) were identified by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS in soil and a degradation pathway was described. Main DP was generated via oxidation of the sulfur atom to give rise to the corresponding sulfoxide derivative, with this DP being more persistent than the active substance. These outcomes can be very useful for the assessment of the environmental risk associated with the use of profoxydim in rice crops and the application of organic amendments as potential measures for minimizing the risk of contamination of natural water resources. more...
- Published
- 2024
299. Robust large area molecular junctions based on transparent and flexible electrodes
- Author
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Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Diputación General de Aragón, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (Ecuador), Australian Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), García-Serrano, Aitor, Cea, Pilar, Osorio, Henrry M., Perez Murano, Francesc X., Rius, Gemma, Low, Paul J., Martín, Santiago, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Diputación General de Aragón, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (Ecuador), Australian Research Council, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), García-Serrano, Aitor, Cea, Pilar, Osorio, Henrry M., Perez Murano, Francesc X., Rius, Gemma, Low, Paul J., and Martín, Santiago more...
- Abstract
Electrografting of an oligophenylene ethynylene monolayer (OPEH) onto a Mylar®-supported PEDOT : PSS and graphene substrate prior to wet-transfer of a graphene top-electrode has been used to create flexible and transparent large-area Mylar–PEDOT : PSS|OPEH|Graphene molecular junctions. The electrical conductance of the Mylar–PEDOT : PSS|OPEH|Graphene structure was determined by conductive probe atomic force microscopy (c-AFM), sampling various regions across the surfaces of multiple devices. All registered I–V curves (sampling size ∼150 tests) give a sigmoidal response, consistent with through molecule conductance and ruling out the presence of direct electrode contacts or short-circuits. The demonstration of the combined use of Mylar-supported PEDOT : PSS and graphene as alternative electrode materials to conventional metal thin film electrodes in large-area molecular junctions opens avenues to enable flexible and transparent molecular (opto)electronic devices. more...
- Published
- 2024
300. Electrophilic Compounds in the Human Diet and Their Role in the Induction of the Transcription Factor NRF2
- Author
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Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Curieses Andrés, Celia María [0000-0003-4731-6398], Pérez de Lastra, José Manuel [0000-0003-4663-5565], Bustamante Munguira, Elena [0000-0002-5657-9547], Andrés Juan, Celia [0000-0003-1583-7439], Plou Gasca, Francisco José [0000-0003-0831-893X], Pérez Lebeña, Eduardo [0000-0002-5335-8175], Curieses Andrés, Celia María, Pérez de Lastra, José Manuel, Bustamante Munguira, Elena, Andrés Juan, Celia, Plou Gasca, Francisco José, Pérez Lebeña, Eduardo, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Curieses Andrés, Celia María [0000-0003-4731-6398], Pérez de Lastra, José Manuel [0000-0003-4663-5565], Bustamante Munguira, Elena [0000-0002-5657-9547], Andrés Juan, Celia [0000-0003-1583-7439], Plou Gasca, Francisco José [0000-0003-0831-893X], Pérez Lebeña, Eduardo [0000-0002-5335-8175], Curieses Andrés, Celia María, Pérez de Lastra, José Manuel, Bustamante Munguira, Elena, Andrés Juan, Celia, Plou Gasca, Francisco José, and Pérez Lebeña, Eduardo more...
- Abstract
The phrase “Let food be thy medicine…” means that food can be a form of medicine and medicine can be a form of food; in other words, that the diet we eat can have a significant impact on our health and well-being. Today, this phrase is gaining prominence as more and more scientific evidence suggests that one’s diet can help prevent and treat disease. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein can help reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and other health problems and, on the other hand, a diet rich in processed foods, added sugars, and saturated fats can increase the risk of the same diseases. Electrophilic compounds in the diet can have a significant impact on our health, and they are molecules that covalently modify cysteine residues present in the thiol-rich Keap1 protein. These compounds bind to Keap1 and activate NRF2, which promotes its translocation to the nucleus and its binding to DNA in the ARE region, triggering the antioxidant response and protecting against oxidative stress. These compounds include polyphenols and flavonoids that are nucleophilic but are converted to electrophilic quinones by metabolic enzymes such as polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) and sulfur compounds present in foods such as the Brassica genus (broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, Brussel sprouts, etc.) and garlic. This review summarizes our current knowledge on this subject. more...
- Published
- 2024
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