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Brain metabolism cerebral and spinal cord blood flow pathophysiology of metabolic brain injury cerebrospinal fluid intracranial pressure the blood brain carrier and cerebral oedema cerebral blood flow, metabolism and intracranial pressure neuroradiology neurophysiologic brain monitoring - evoked potentials neurophysiologic brain monitoring - electroencephalography intraoperative fluid management during craniotomy care of the acutely unstable patient superatentorial masses - surgical considerations superatentorial masses - anesthetic considerations the posterior fossa - surgical considerations the posterior fossa - anesthetic considerations cerebral aneurysms and arterio-venous malformations - surgical considerations cerbral aneurysms - anaesthetic considerations interventional neuroradiology and the anaesthetic management of patients with arterio-venous malformations induced hypertension anaesthesia management of patients undergoing neuroradiologic procedures anaesthetic management of patients undergoing blood brain barrier disruption occlusive cerebrovascular disease - medical and surgical considerations occlusive cerebrovascular disease - anaesthetic considerations anaesthesia for patients undergoing surgery for seizures anaesthesia for paediatric neurosurgery neurosurgical diseases of the spine and spinal cord - surgical considerations neurosurgical diseases of the spine and spinal cord - anaesthetic considerations anaesthetic considerations in patients with neuroendocrine disease post-operative and intensive care management of severe head injury multi-system sequelae of severe head injury spinal cord injury brain death ethical considerations in the care of patients with neurosurgical disease.

Production accrue de CO 2 , hypoglycemie, acidose lactique intracellulaire associee a l'hyperglycemie

On etudie les problemes de retrait differentiel lors du soudage ceramique-ceramique par pressage a haute temperature

Etomidate was compared with thiopental with respect to preventing loss of brain high energy metabolites and accumulation of lactate during 20 min of hypoxemia (Pa2 of 16-19 mmHg) in rats with unilateral carotid artery ligation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, anesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide (N2O) in oxygen were randomly assigned to one of six groups. A normoxic control group which received 70% N2O in oxygen, a hypoxia group received no iv drug treatment (hypoxia-N2O), and four iv drug treatment groups (N2O was replaced by 70% nitrogen at the start of drug administration). The iv drug groups were treated as follows: hypoxia-etomidate low dose (1 mg.kg-1 iv followed by an infusion at 0.35 mg.kg-1.min-1); hypoxia-etomidate high dose (1 mg.kg-1 then 1.3 mg.kg-1.min-1); hypoxia-thiopental low dose (15 mg.kg-1, then 1.5 mg.kg-1.min-1); and hypoxia-thiopental high dose (15 mg.kg-1, then 5 mg.kg-1.min-1). After hypoxia or a corresponding period in the normoxic group, the brains were frozen in situ for later biochemical analysis. Blood was obtained prior to and at the end of hypoxia and analyzed for glucose. Brain metabolite concentrations on the side ipsilateral to the ligated carotid artery in the normoxia-N2O group were adenosine triphosphate (ATP), 2.76 +/- 0.1, phosphocreatione (PCr) 3.88 +/- 0.12, lactate 2.34 +/- 0.16, and glucose 3.56 +/- 0.28 (mumole.g-1 wet weight, mean +/- SE). There was no significant decrease in ATP in any of the hypoxia groups. PCr decreased by 45% (compared to normoxia-N2O) in the hypoxia-N2O group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Freeze-fracture replicas have been prepared from two fast-acting vertebrate muscles (frog sartorius and rabbit sacrospinalis) and are described with particular reference to the distribution of intercalated particles in the plasma membrane, T-tubule and SR cisternae. Orthogonal assemblies of small particles are present on the A face plasma membrane in each instance, and their distribution (in sartorius) is found to be random with respect to the underlying myofibrillar sarcomere repeat. Such assemblies are not present on A or B faces of T-tubule or SR cisternae. Asymmetric particle distribution is described for fracture faces of the T-tubules and SR: the profuse particle packing of the SR A face is uniform from terminal cisternae to medial fenestrated collar. Intercalated particles are present on A and B faces of T-tubule fractures: more commonly on the latter. These results are compared with studies on insect muscles, and a comparative approach to further studies on the correlation between membrane structure and function is discussed.