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Peptic ulcers are characterized by erosions on the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract that may reach the muscle layer. Their etiology is multifactorial and occurs when the balance between offensive and protective factors of the mucosa is disturbed. Peptic ulcers represent a global health problem, affecting millions of people worldwide and showing high rates of recurrence. Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most important predisposing factors for the development of peptic ulcers. Therefore, new approaches to complementary treatments are needed to prevent the development of ulcers and their recurrence. Natural products such as medicinal plants and their isolated compounds have been widely used in experimental models of peptic ulcers. Flavonoids are among the molecules of greatest interest in biological assays due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The present study is a literature review of flavonoids that have been reported to show peptic ulcer activity in experimental models. Studies published from January 2010 to January 2020 were selected from reference databases. This review refers to a collection of flavonoids with antiulcer activity in vivo and in vitro models.

Resumo: As relações contemporâneas entre turismo e desenvolvimento têm destacado a abordagem estruturada em redes sociais, a qual também tem sido estimulada pelas políticas públicas, que por meio de diversos atores representativos possam gerir as ações da comunidade local. Deste modo, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o nível de relação de uma rede de turismo na perspectiva do desenvolvimento local, utilizando a teoria de redes (Rovere, 1999) e a de desenvolvimento local (Barquero, 2001; Boisier, 1996; Sen, 2000). A compreensão da pesquisa se deu a partir da relação e da interação dos participantes do processo de decisão da rede política estadual do turismo do Rio Grande do Norte, que compõe o Conselho Estadual de Turismo (Conetur). Para tanto, o estudo contou com a coleta de dados do tipo bibliográfica, documental, baseada nas atas e no Regimento de criação do conselho e entrevistas com os membros integrantes, utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa. Os resultados apresentados tiveram como base a análise de conteúdo do tipo estruturadora temática. Os principais resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que a rede de governança se configura com o baixo nível de relação, não a reconhecendo como um parceiro, caracterizada pelas inúmeras divergências e incongruências formadas no território, dificultando ações de desenvolvimento local. Limitações e sugestões da pesquisa também foram apontadas. Abstract: Contemporary relations between tourism and development have focused on the structured approach in social networks, which has also been stimulated by public policies that, through various representative actors, can manage the actions of the local community. In this way, this article aims to analyze the level of relationship of a tourism network in the perspective of local development, using network theory (Rovere, 1999) and local development theory (Barquero, 2001; Boisier, 1996; Sen, 2000). The understanding of the research was based on the relationship and interaction of participants in the decision-making process of the state tourism policy network of Rio Grande do Norte, which comprises the State Tourism Council (CONETUR). To do so, the study included bibliographical data collection, document based on the minutes and Board creation regiment and interviews with the members, using a qualitative approach. The results were analyzed by means of content analysis of the thematic type. The main results of the research show that the network of governance is configured with the low level of relationship not recognizing it as a partner, characterized by the numerous divergences and inconsistencies formed in the territory, making local development actions difficult. Limitations and suggestions of the research are also pointed out. RESUMEN: Las relaciones contemporáneas entre el turismo y el desarrollo han resaltado el enfoque estructurado en las redes sociales, que también ha sido estimulado por las políticas públicas, que a través de diversos actores representativos, pueden gestionar las acciones de la comunidad local. Por lo tanto, este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el nivel de relación de una red de turismo en la perspectiva del desarrollo local, utilizando la teoría de las redes (Rovere, 1999) y la del desarrollo local (Barquero, 2001; Boisier, 1996; Sen, 2000). La comprensión de la investigación se basó en la relación e interacción de los participantes en el proceso de toma de decisiones de la red política estatal de turismo en Rio Grande do Norte, que conforma el Consejo de Turismo del Estado (Conetur). Para este fin, el estúdio incluyó la recopilación de datos de un tipo documental bibliográfico basado en las actas y las Reglas de creación del consejo y entrevistas con los miembros, utilizando un enfoque cualitativo. Los resultados presentados se basaron en el análisis de contenido del tipo de estructuración temática. Los principales resultados de la investigación muestran que la red de gobernanza está configurada con un bajo nivel de relación, sin reconocerla como socio, caracterizada por las innumerables divergencias e incongruencias formadas en el territorio, lo que dificulta las acciones de desarrollo local. También se señalaron limitaciones y sugerencias de investigación.

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2019 Submitted by Sofia Amador (sofiamador@fm.ul.pt) on 2020-04-03T13:29:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaABarreira.pdf: 631886 bytes, checksum: 478eedf4b9560b13cdc42701be5c0eff (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-03T15:44:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaABarreira.pdf: 631886 bytes, checksum: 478eedf4b9560b13cdc42701be5c0eff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Submitted by Ana Costa (apcosta@porto.ucp.pt) on 2020-12-16T16:18:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Catarina Morgado - Projeto de Intervencao Comunitaria - Prevenir a queda, para um envelhecimento com Qualidade.pdf: 1200359 bytes, checksum: 08dafe417899823ee522cc321fd235a3 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Helena Ribeiro (helena.ribeiro@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2021-01-05T10:20:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Catarina Morgado - Projeto de Intervencao Comunitaria - Prevenir a queda, para um envelhecimento com Qualidade.pdf: 1200359 bytes, checksum: 08dafe417899823ee522cc321fd235a3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-05T10:20:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Catarina Morgado - Projeto de Intervencao Comunitaria - Prevenir a queda, para um envelhecimento com Qualidade.pdf: 1200359 bytes, checksum: 08dafe417899823ee522cc321fd235a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-09-13

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Música, O presente Relatório de Estágio descreve um Projeto de Intervenção e Investigação desenvolvido no âmbito do Programa de Mestrado em Ensino de Música da Universidade do Minho no ano letivo 2017/2018, realizado no Conservatório Bomfim, no centro de Braga. O estágio, onde foi implementado o Projeto de Intervenção Pedagógica, dividiu-se em duas valências: aulas instrumentais de Violino (M24), e aulas de Classe de Conjunto (M32) Orquestra de Cordas Juvenil – 2º Ciclo. Teve como principais objetivos identificar quais as principais zonas do corpo que sofrem lesões ou desconfortos em alunos de violino; compreender qual a possível relação dos padrões físicos observados durante a performance musical de cinco alunos de violino nas aulas com as suas queixas de dores e desconfortos; desenvolver exercícios adequados às zonas do corpo mais suscetíveis de sofrerem lesões ou desconfortos; fomentar a autonomia dos alunos no domínio de exercícios corporais para prevenir lesões musculoesqueléticas; avaliar o impacto destas atividades nos alunos e promover uma pedagogia que levasse em consideração a saúde física e muscular em alunos de violino. A metodologia de investigação seguiu as orientações gerais da Investigação-Ação. A observação participante (relatórios escritos e registo de imagens) e as entrevistas semiestruturadas aos intervenientes foram os instrumentos utilizados para a recolha de dados. As estratégias e atividades realizadas tiveram como fundamento a revisão da literatura científica sobre a temática, e tiveram resultados muito satisfatórios junto dos alunos intervenientes no estágio. Foram descobertos desconfortos e dores corporais nos alunos e desenvolvidas estratégias para os prevenir e mitigar. Na Orquestra de Cordas Juvenil, após a minha intervenção, fez-se sentir um maior e melhor equilíbrio na performance em palco. Verificou-se que no processo de ensino e aprendizagem existe uma grande lacuna na formação de base dos alunos sobre o funcionamento do corpo e das lesões que podem advir do estudo instrumental., This Practium Report describes a Pedagogical Intervention and Research Project developed during the Masters Program in Music Education of the University of Minho in the 2017/2018 academic year, held at the Bomfim Conservatory in the center of Braga. The practicum during which the Pedagogical Intervention Project was implemented, was divided into two classes: instrument classes Violin (M24) and Group Classes (M32) Youth String Orchestra - 2nd Cycle (9-11 year olds). Its main objectives were to identify the main areas of the body that suffer injuries or discomforts in violin students; to understand the possible relation between physical patterns observed during the musical performance of five violin students in class and their complaints of pain and discomfort; to develop appropriate exercises for areas of the body that are more susceptible to injury or discomfort; to foster students' autonomy in the field of body exercises to prevent musculoskeletal injuries; to evaluate the impact of these activities on the students and to promote a pedagogy that takes into consideration the physical and muscular health in violin students. The research methodology followed the general guidelines of Action-Research. Participant observation (written reports and image recording) and semi-structured interviews to participants were the instruments used for data collection. The strategies and activities carried out were based on a review of the scientific literature on the subject and had very satisfactory results among the students involved in the training. Discomforts and body aches were discovered in students and strategies developed to prevent and mitigate them. In the Youth String Orchestra, after my intervention, there was a greater and better balance in the performance on stage. It was verified that in the process of teaching and learning there is a great gap in the basic training of the students on the functioning of the body and the injuries that can come from the instrumental study.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text., Objective: Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is a rare disease usually caused by LDLR (low-density lipoprotein receptor) mutations. Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia is characterized by markedly elevated LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels and an extremely high risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. A phase 2, proof-of-concept study (NCT02265952) demonstrated that evinacumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to ANGPTL3 (angiopoietin-like 3 protein), reduced LDL-C levels in 9 patients with genotypically confirmed homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and was well tolerated. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of evinacumab on LDLR activity in lymphocytes purified from patients in the proof-of-concept study. Approach and Results: LDLR activity was assessed in patient lymphocytes before and after treatment with evinacumab and versus lymphocytes carrying wild-type LDLR, and also in an LDLR-defective Chinese hamster ovary cell line (CHO-ldlA7) transfected with plasmids encoding the LDLR variants. Overall mean peak reduction in LDL-C with evinacumab was −58±18%, occurring between Week 4 and Week 12. Mutations identified in the 9 patients were shown to be pathogenic, with loss of LDLR activity versus wild type. Two of the LDLR variants, p.(Cys681*) and p.(Ala627Profs*38), were class 2 type mutations that are retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. Six variants were class 3 type mutations with impaired LDL-C binding activity: p.(Trp87Gly), occurring in 2 patients, p.(Gln254Pro), p.(Ser177Leu), p.(Gly335Val), and p.(Ser306Leu). Evinacumab had no effect on LDLR activity. Conclusions: These results suggest that evinacumab is effective for lowering LDL-C in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, and the inhibition of ANGPTL3 in humans lowers LDL-C in a mechanism independent of the LDLR.

O turismo é considerado uma atividade econômica que pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma localidade. Para tanto, é importante levar em consideração os impactos gerados pela atividade, assim como analisar de que forma a população residente percebe o desenvolvimento do turismo em um determinado local. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar o apoio dos residentes de Florânia/RN sobre o desenvolvimento turístico no município. A pesquisa é de caráter descritivo e utiliza a abordagem quantitativa baseada no método hipotético-dedutivo. Os resultados evidenciam que os residentes da cidade são influenciados em apoiar o desenvolvimento do turismo considerando seus benefícios para além dos fatores econômicos, apoiando e confiando nos atores governamentais e no empresariado. Custos advindos da atividade turística como a prostituição devem ser minimizados para obter um maior apoio dos residentes.

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo que teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento participativo e avaliação de uma campanha audiovisual de sensibilização para a importância do uso dos meios digitais por parte de adultos com deficiência intelectual. O desenvolvimento da campanha envolveu um grupo de oito pessoas com deficiência intelectual, que colaborou nas fases de conceção, produção e pós-produção. Numa primeira fase, através das entrevistas e pela observação durante as sessões de trabalho, foi possível caracterizar o perfil de experiência digital e audiovisual dos participantes. Posteriormente, procedeu-se ao desenvolvimento da campanha, tendo-se verificado que os contributos dos participantes com deficiência intelectual centraram-se na tomada de decisão, através de votações e, nas gravações, enquanto técnicos de imagem, som e elenco. Após o lançamento da campanha, aplicou-se um inquérito por questionário final que revelou a grande importância atribuída à temática e mostrou um feedback positivo relativamente à campanha audiovisual produzida, tanto em termos de conceção como ao nível de poder sensibilizador. This article presents the results of a study that aimed the participatory development and evaluation of an audiovisual campaign to raise awareness of the importance of using digital media by adults with intellectual disability. The development of the campaign involved a group of 8 people with intellectual disabilities, who collaborated in the design, production and post-production. In the first phase, through interviews and observation during the work sessions, it was possible to characterize the participants' digital and audiovisual experience profile. Subsequently, the participants with intellectual disability contributed to the campaign making decisions through voting and being cast technicians, recording image and sound. After the release of the campaign, a final questionnaire was applied, which showed a great importance assigned to the topic and a positive feedback regarding the audiovisual campaign produced, both in terms of conception and sensibilisation power.

Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentado no ISPA – Instituto Universitário/ESEI Maria Ulrich, para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar Este relatório foi elaborado de acordo com as orientações da Prática Supervisionada em Jardim de Infância, em contacto direto com um contexto educativo. O contacto direto foi baseado numa pedagogia e num modelo particular, designado currículo HighScope, pedagogia essa, baseada no diálogo e na reflexão. Para abordar a temática escolhida neste Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada em contexto de Jardim de Infância, pareceu-me lógico orientar-me pelas estratégias, de forma a analisar a problemática, tentando entender e aprofundar o papel dos intervenientes (instituiçãoadulto- crianças) na implementação de rotinas diárias em Jardim de infância. Este estudo procura dar respostas a questões como: Qual o potencial das rotinas em Jardim de infância? De que forma as rotinas podem ser geridas? Qual o papel dos intervenientes? A metodologia utilizada foi a metodologia qualitativa, tendo recolhido dados através de registo de observações, do diário de bordo, de notas de campo, de questionários e outras estratégias no âmbito da referida metodologia. Neste relatório, apresento o que se revelou ser mais significativo durante a Prática Supervisionada, demonstrando o que foi mais notável na minha ação. O relatório apresenta a minha perspetiva sobre o potencial e a importância da implementação de rotinas em Jardim de Infância com crianças dos 3 aos 5 anos, o papel da instituição enquanto veículo estimulador de oportunidades educativas, o papel dos adultos/educadores enquanto gestores e organizadores de tempos pedagógicos reveladores de conhecimento, e o papel da criança enquanto ser único e com opinião sobre as suas ações. No final do relatório é ainda apresentada uma reflexão sobre a prática e o impacto que teve a minha intervenção na construção da minha identidade profissional. This report was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Supervised Practice in Kindergarten, in direct contact in the frame of an educational context. The direct contact was based on a pedagogy and on a particular model called HighScope curriculum, wish was based on dialogue and reflection. To address the theme chosen in this Report of the Supervised Teaching Practice (RPES) in the context of Kindergarten, it seemed to me logical to rely upon strategies/dynamics in order to analyze the problem, trying to understand and deepen the role of actors (institution-adult-children) in the implementation of daily routines in kindergarten. This study seeks to give answers to issues such as: What is the potential of kindergarten routines? How can routines be managed? What is the role of actors? The methodology used was the qualitative methodology, having collected data through the recording of observations, field notes, questionnaires and other strategies within the scope of that methodology. In this report I present the material which proved to be more meaningful along supervised practice, demonstrating what was most notable in my action. The report presents my opinion on the potential and importance of the implementation of routines in kindergarten, the role of the institution as a stimulating vehicle for educational opportunities, the role of adults/educators as managers and organizers of pedagogical times which reveal knowledge, and the role of the child as a unique being and having an opinion on his actions. At the end of the report it is also presented are flection of my pedagogical practice and the impact that my intervention had on the construction of my professional identity.

The plasma membrane is of central importance for defining the closed volume of cells in contradistinction to the extracellular environment. The plasma membrane not only serves as a boundary, but it also mediates the exchange of physical and chemical information between the cell and its environment in order to maintain intra- and intercellular functions. Artificial lipid- and cell-derived membrane vesicles have been used as closed-volume containers, representing the simplest cell model systems to study transmembrane processes and intracellular biochemistry. Classical examples are studies of membrane translocation processes in plasma membrane vesicles and proteoliposomes mediated by transport proteins and ion channels. Liposomes and native membrane vesicles are widely used as model membranes for investigating the binding and bilayer insertion of proteins, the structure and function of membrane proteins, the intramembrane composition and distribution of lipids and proteins, and the intermembrane interactions during exo- and endocytosis. In addition, natural cell-released microvesicles have gained importance for early detection of diseases and for their use as nanoreactors and minimal protocells. Yet, in most studies, ensembles of vesicles have been employed. More recently, new micro- and nanotechnological tools as well as novel developments in both optical and electron microscopy have allowed the isolation and investigation of individual (sub)micrometer-sized vesicles. Such single-vesicle experiments have revealed large heterogeneities in the structure and function of membrane components of single vesicles, which were hidden in ensemble studies. These results have opened enormous possibilities for bioanalysis and biotechnological applications involving unprecedented miniaturization at the nanometer and attoliter range. This review will cover important developments toward single-vesicle analysis and the central discoveries made in this exciting field of research.

As the demographic structure in western societies ages, the prevalence and impact of cognitive decline rises. Thus, new solutions to tackle this problem are required. The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)-based cognitive exercises has emerged in the last few decades, though with inconsistent results. Hence, we conducted a pre-post treatment study to further investigate this approach. We designed a set of virtual reality exercises that mimic activities of daily living by which the patient can train different cognitive domains. Twenty-five participants, ages 65-85, underwent 12 training sessions between the pre-treatment and post-treatment assessments. Significant increases were seen between the two assessments for some of the neuropsychological measures: visual memory, attention, and cognitive flexibility. Results also suggest that participants with lower baseline cognitive performance levels improved most after these sessions.

The Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) instrument is one of the four scientific instruments aboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). NIRSpec can be operated in Multi-Object Spectroscopy (MOS), Fixed-slit Spectroscopy (FS), and Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) modes; with spectral resolutions from 100 to 2700. Two of these modes, MOS and IFS, share the same detector real estate and are mutually exclusive. Consequently, the micro-shutters used to select targets in MOS mode must all be closed when observing in IFS mode. However, due to the finite contrast of the micro-shutter array (MSA), some amount of light passes through them even when they are commanded closed. This light creates a low, but potentially significant, parasitic signal, which can affect IFS observations. Here, we present the work carried out to study and model this signal. Firstly, we show the results of an analysis to quantify its levels for all NIRSpec spectral bands and resolution powers. We find a level of parasitic signal that is, in general, lower than 10% of the incident, extended IFS signal. We also show how these results were combined with signal-to-noise considerations to help consolidate the observation strategy for the IFS mode and to prepare guidelines for designing observations. In general, we find that this parasitic signal will be less than the statistical noise of a Zodiacal light exposure up to ~40 groups for the NIRSpec grating configurations, and ~10 groups for the prism configuration. In a second part, we report on the results of our work to model and subtract this signal. We describe the model itself, its derivation, and its accuracy as determined by applying it to ground test data.

NIRSpec is the flagship spectrograph for JWST in the 0.6 to 5.3 micron wavelength range. Observation with the Micro- Shutter Assembly (MSA) for multiobject spectroscopy (MOS) will use configurable shutters to form spectral slits and provide the first space-based MOS capabilities. The NIRSpec Micro-shutter Assembly Target Acquisition (MSATA) is an autonomous target acquisition scheme to acquire and position targets accurately with respect to the spectral slits. The method uses measured centroid positions of reference stars with accurately known relative positions across the target field for this process. MSATA performs not only linear offsets, but any required telescope orient (roll) correction to remove blind-pointing alignment error. The MSATA procedure can be used for most NIRSpec science and will be a prerequisite for most NIRSpec MOS mode observations. Astrometry relating the positions of science targets and candidate reference stars with a relative accuracy of 5 - 10 mas will be needed to deliver the best calibration accuracy of science sources. With this level of planning accuracy, the MSATA procedure should yield a final total pointing accuracy for NIRSpec MOS targets of

The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) is one of four instruments aboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). NIRSpec is developed by ESA with AIRBUS Defence & Space as prime contractor. The calibration of its various observing modes is a fundamental step to achieve the mission science goals and provide users with the best quality data from early on in the mission. Extensive testing of NIRSpec on the ground, aided by a detailed model of the instrument, allow us to derive initial corrections for the foreseeable calibrations. We present a snapshot of the current calibration scheme that will be revisited once JWST is in orbit., To appear in the Proceedings of the SPIE (Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018)

JWST/NIRSpec will include the first space-borne multi-object spectrograph, comprising a micro-shutter array (MSA) of a quarter of a million closable apertures that can be individually addressed to select up to a couple of hundred objects within a ~3.2x3.4 arcmin field of view. Although more than ~85% of the unvignetted shutters are fully operational, the high degree of mechanical movement combined with complex circuitry on a small scale, inevitably leads to some non-operable shutters. In this paper we present an overview of the operability assessment concept for the MSA, employed during both ground tests and in flight. We describe the procedures used to detect, mitigate against, and even repair the non-operable shutters, and show the effect upon the multiplexing capability and output data from NIRSpec. We also present the operability trending results from ground tests, and discuss the probable impact on nominal operations after launch.

The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) is one of the four science instruments onboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The instrument features a focal plane array (FPA) consisting of two 2048 × 2048 HAWAII-2RG sensor chip assemblies (SCAs) with a cutoff wavelength of approximately 5.3 μm. The detectors are read out via a pair of SIDECAR ASICs. To ensure a stable operating environment and best performance, the FPA is temperature controlled via a dedicated control loop by the NIRSpec focal plane electronics. The targeted in-orbit operating temperature of the NIRSpec FPA is close to 42.8 K. Due to the low background levels that the JWST will provide, most NIRSpec observations of very faint targets will be detector noise limited. Therefore, stringent noise requirements on the detector system were put in place. In order to meet these requirements, NIRSpec offers a dedicated readout mode for its detectors that is called improved reference sampling and subtraction (IRS2 ). In this paper we present the noise performance of the NIRSpec detectors as a function of readout mode and exposure parameters. We find that the NIRSpec detector system meets its stringent noise requirement of 6 electrons total noise in a ∼ 1000 second exposure. We also highlight the types and effects of different kinds of bad pixels that are present in the detectors in small numbers.

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is frequently referred to as the follow-on mission to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The “Webb”, as it is often called, will be the biggest space telescope ever built and it will lead to astounding scientific breakthroughs. The observatory is currently scheduled for launch in 2020 from Kourou, French Guyana by an ESA provided Ariane 5 rocket. The Observatory houses four scientific instruments. One of them is NIRSpec, the multi-object Near Infrared Spectrograph, built for ESA by Airbus Defence and Space in Germany. After the JWST Optical telescope Element (OTE) integration and testing was completed in early 2016, the Integrated Science Instruments Module (ISIM) was integrated to the OTE in May 2016. The complete system of OTE and ISIM, now called OTIS, then successfully went through an acoustic and vibration test campaign at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). After this, the OTIS system was shipped to the Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston, TX, where a final 100+ days lasting cryogenic vacuum test was conducted inside the famous Thermal Chamber A. This paper presents NIRSpec’s hardware status and some preliminary test results from the OTIS test campaign.

A educacao teve que incorporar novas formas de comunicacao e interacao devido a globalizacao, que tornou os espacos mais homogeneos e competitivos, obrigando a lidar com a inovacao de conteudos e de formas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a rede de ensino e-Tec Brasil com base nas vivencias praticas dos alunos da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte a partir da metodologia proposta por Tori (2002; 2003; 2010; 2017), em que se busca evidenciar a existencia ou nao da distância no ensino-aprendizagem, considerando os tres tipos de distância: espacial, temporal e transacional. Este estudo se caracteriza como descritivo-exploratorio quanto aos seus objetivos e, no que se refere ao tratamento do objeto, nomeia-se quantitativo. Os resultados evidenciam que a distância nao e um limitador no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos. Entende-se que nao ha barreiras espaciais para o conhecimento desses alunos, o que, por sua vez, colabora para a existencia de interacao entre os professores e os materiais. Ainda ha que considerar que, embora tenham sido detectados usos mecânicos de avaliacao, isso nao se reflete na sensacao de proximidade entre aluno-professor e material. Palavras-chave: Educacao, Comunicacao, Instrumentos tecnologicos, Rede e-Tec Brasil. Education without Distance: New Ways of Mediation of Learning – a Study in the View of E-Tec UFRN Network Students Abstract Education had to incorporate new ways of communication and interaction,due to globalization, which has made spaces more homogeneous and competitive, in order to deal with the content and forms innovation. The objective of this work is to analyze the e-Tec Brazil learning network based on the practical experiences of students from Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte students, through the methodology proposed by Tori (2002; 2003; 2010; 2017) that seeks to evidence the existence of distance barriers in teaching-learning process, considering three types of distance: spatial, temporal and transactional. This study is characterized as descriptive-exploratory regarding its objectives, and also, regarding the treatment of the subject, it can be characterized as quantitative. The results have shown that distance is not a limiting factor to the teaching-learning process. It is understood that there are no space barriers to the knowledge, which corroborates to the existence of synergy/interaction between teachers and materials. This works also points out that, even thought mechanical uses of evaluation have not been detected, this does not reflect on the sense of closeness between student-teacher and material. Keywords: Education, Communication, Technological instruments, e-Tec Brasil network

Background amd aims APOB mutations are a rare cause of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) and, until recently, routine genetic diagnosis only included the study of two small APOB fragments. In previous years, 5 novel functional mutations have been described in APOB fragments not routinely studied, our group having functionally characterized 2 of them. The main aim of this work was to identify and characterize novel alterations in APOB to assess the genetic cause of hypercholesterolemia in patients with a clinical diagnosis of FH. Methods We performed next generation sequencing of 48 Portuguese clinical FH patients, who were apparently mutation negative. All variants found in APOB were annotated. For functional studies, LDL from index patients and relatives was separated and marked with FITC-LDL for flow cytometry assays in lymphocytes and U937 growth assays. Results A total of 11 potential pathogenic variants were identified. Variants p.(Pro994Leu) and p.(Thr3826Met) in exons 19 and 26 were found in 4 patients, and in vitro analysis was performed for these variants. An exon 26 alteration (p.(Thr3826Met)) showed a decrease in binding and internalization of LDL, and in U937 growth assays that was similar to the effect with p.(Arg3527Gln). An alteration in exon 19 had a neutral effect. Conclusions The spectrum of functional alterations in APOB outside the fragments routinely screened is slowly growing. Screening of all 29 exons of APOB is advised for FH routine diagnosis, but functional characterization is necessary for pathogenicity assessment. It is expected that the number of patients with functional APOB mutations will increase in the near future.

Este documento denominado Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionado surge no âmbito da disciplina de Estágio, inserida no plano de estudos de Mestrado do Ensino da Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário da Universidade de Trás os Montes e Alto Douro. Este documento serve para a aquisição de grau de Mestre. O estágio pedagógico foi efetuado na Escola Secundária/3 Camilo Castelo Branco, tendo sido minha orientadora cooperante a professora Célia Sampaio e colegas de estágio, a Ana Vieira, a Cristiana Barros e o Diogo Silva. Este documento está relacionado com o estágio pedagógico, sendo uma introspeção e uma reflexão crítica sobre a experiência na escola, analisando as maiores dificuldades ao longo do percurso, as estratégias usadas e a forma como estas contribuíram para o um maior conhecimento. Neste documento são apresentadas e descritas todas as Tarefas de Ensino e Aprendizagem, tais como, o planeamento anual, unidades didáticas, planos de aula, balanços de aula e práticas de ensino supervisionadas, salientando também as Tarefas de Estágio relacionadas com a escola, nomeadamente o estudo de turma e as atividades elaboradas pelo núcleo de estágio. This document entitled Supervised Teaching Practice Report rises within the scope of the Internship discipline inserted in the master´s study plan of Teaching Physical Education in Basic and Secondary Education of the University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro. This document is for the acquisition of Master degree. The pedagogical stage was carried out at the Secondary School / 3 Camilo Castelo Branco. My mentor, Célia Sampaio, and my intern colleagues, Ana Vieira, Cristiana Barros and Diogo Silva. This document is related to the pedagogical stage, being an introspection and a critical reflection on experience in school, analyzing the biggest difficulties along the way, the strategies used and the way they contributed to gain more knowledge. In this document I present and describe all Teaching and Learning Tasks, such as the annual planning, didactic units, lesson plans, classroom balances and supervised teaching practices, also emphasizing the school related Internship Tasks namely the class study and the activities elaborated by the internship center.

O ambiente atual em que as empresas se inserem é cada vez mais incerto e estão sujeitas a inúmeros riscos que os gestores têm de ser capazes de minimizar. Deste modo, o administrador poderá recorre ao apoio de algumas ferramentas que lhe permitem minimizar o risco e trazer alguma segurança na realização de operações do seu quotidiano. Inicialmente ir-se-á proceder à descrição da empresa, das tarefas desempenhadas no decurso do mesmo. Posteriormente, procede-se à explicação do conceito risco, à descrição de algumas das formas de o gerir e também alguns instrumentos que o podem minimizar. Por fim, é feita uma análise do desempenho económico e financeiro da empresa e far-se-á uma análise de risco desta, com o objetivo de avaliar a sua saúde financeira, no período decorrente entre os anos de 2014 a 2016. Adicionalmente, procurase apreciar como se encontra, face às suas concorrentes, no contexto do setor de atividade onde opera. Termina-se com uma breve conclusão onde são inseridas as principais ilações e outros aspetos considerados pertinente durante o processo de elaboração desta dissertação. Em particular, procurar-se-á mostrar como esta experiência permitiu não só aplicar todo o conhecimento que foi lecionado ao longo do curso, bem como conviver de perto com a realidade empresarial.

In the context of the development of a virtual tutor to support distance learning courses, this paper presents an approach to solve the problem of automatically answering questions posed by students in a natural language (Portuguese). Our approach is based on three main pillars: an ontology, a conversion process, and a querying process. First, the ontology, was built to model the knowledge regarding all aspects of the course; second, we defined a way of converting a natural language question to a SPARQL query; finally, the SPARQL query is executed and the result extracted from the ontology. Focusing on the second pillar mentioned above (the conversion of a NL question), we explain the whole process and present the results regarding a set of preliminary experiments.

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IntroductionOsteoarthritis (OA) is one of the ten most disabling diseases in developed countries and one of the leading causes of pain and disability over the world. Early diagnosis increases the likelihood of preventing disease progression.ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of self-reported osteoarthritis and quality of life in Portuguese adults with 45 or more years old.MethodsObservational, cross-sectional study, implemented in households by face-to-face interview.Results1039 subjects with mean age of 62 years and 54.2% female were included. The prevalence of self-reported osteoarthritis was 9.9%. Knees and hands were the most frequent site of disease. The prevalence of OA was higher in women and in participants without professional activity. Presence of OA was higher in participants with comorbidities. Most subjects have done some treatment at some point in time for this disease: 94.5% had drug therapy, 49.5% physiotherapy, and 19.8% physical activity. Pain was associated with height, with some disease locations specifically neck, lower spine and shoulders, SF12 scores of quality of life, and measurements of impact in daily living, severity of disease and disability. The impact of OA in daily living was greater in subjects that had been on sick leave or stopped working due to OA, had worse physical and mental health, and with more severe of disease.ConclusionThis study confirmed that osteoarthritis is a very relevant disease with a high potential impact on quality of life, function and work ability and because of its prevalence with a very high growing social impact.

Daunorubicin is extensively used in chemotherapy for diverse types of cancer. Over the years, evidence has suggested that the mechanisms by which daunorubicin causes cytotoxic effects are also associated with interactions at the membrane level. The aim of the present work was to study the interplay between daunorubicin and mimetic membrane models composed of different ratios of 1,2-dimyristoyl- sn -glycero- 3 -phosphocholine (DMPC), sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol (Chol). Several biophysical parameters were assessed using liposomes as mimetic model membranes. Thereby, the ability of daunorubicin to partition into lipid bilayers, its apparent location within the membrane and its effect on membrane fluidity were investigated. The results showed that daunorubicin has higher affinity for lipid bilayers composed of DMPC, followed by DMPC : SM, DMPC : Chol and lastly by DMPC : SM : Chol. The addition of SM or Chol into DMPC membranes not only increases the complexity of the model membrane but also decreases its fluidity, which, in turn, reduces the amount of anticancer drug that can partition into these mimetic models. Fluorescence quenching studies suggest a broad distribution of the drug across the bilayer thickness, with a preferential location in the phospholipid tails. The gathered data support that daunorubicin permeates all types of membranes to different degrees, interacts with phospholipids through electrostatic and hydrophobic bonds and causes alterations in the biophysical properties of the bilayers, namely in membrane fluidity. In fact, a decrease in membrane fluidity can be observed in the acyl region of the phospholipids. Ultimately, such outcomes can be correlated with daunorubicin's biological action, where membrane structure and lipid composition have an important role. In fact, the results indicate that the intercalation of daunorubicin between the phospholipids can also take place in rigid domains, such as rafts that are known to be involved in different receptor processes, which are important for cellular function.

Despite doxorubicin being commonly used in chemotherapy there still remain significant holes in our knowledge regarding its delivery efficacy and an observed resistance mechanism that is postulated to involve the cell membrane. One possible mechanism is the efflux by protein P-gp, which is found predominantly in cholesterol enriched domains. Thereby, a hypothesis for the vulnerability of doxorubicin to efflux through P-gp is its enhanced affinity for the ordered cholesterol rich regions of the plasma membrane. Thus, we have studied doxorubicin’s interaction with model membranes in a cholesterol rich, ordered environment and in liquid-disordered cholesterol poor environment. We have combined three separate experimental protocols: UV-Vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence quenching and steady-state anisotropy and computational molecular dynamics modeling. Our results show that the presence of cholesterol induces a change in membrane structure and doesn’t impair doxorubicin’s membrane partitioning, but reduces drug’s influence on membrane fluidity without directly interacting with it. It is thus possible that the resistance mechanism that lowers the efficacy of doxorubicin, results from an increased density in membrane regions where the efflux proteins are present. This work represents a successful approach, combining experimental and computational studies of membrane based systems to unveil the behavior of drugs and candidate drug molecules.

A arte e a cultura são campos laborais complexos, constituídos por trajetórias profissionais especialmente fluidas. Os performers, ou artistas de palco, são, usualmente, desvalorizados enquanto profissionais, nos quais a interação trabalho família constitui um dos principais fatores de conflito entre os dois domínios. Paralelamente, são muito motivados para o seu trabalho e o conceito de engagement tem vindo a ganhar terreno no domínio da Psicologia Positiva, sendo definindo como um dos mecanismos de produtividade e motivação para o trabalho. Perante a escassez de estudos relativos a esta profissão, este trabalho tem como objetivos conhecer os níveis de conflito trabalho-família e de engagement em performers, bem como identificar a associação entre estas variáveis, e ainda verificar como variam em função de variáveis sociodemográficas e laborais. Para tal, usou-se um questionário de autopreenchimento constituído por questões sociodemográficas, pela Utrecht Work Engagement Scale e pelo Survey Work Home Interaction NijmeGen, aplicado a uma amostra de 104 performers, com idade média de 30 anos e sendo 58% do sexo masculino. Os resultados revelaram nível baixo de conflito trabalho-família e nível elevado de engagement. Além disso, o sexo feminino apresenta valores ligeiramente superiores para o conflito negativo e para a dedicação e vigor, enquanto o sexo masculino apresenta um valor mais elevado no conflito família-trabalho positivo. Não foram encontradas correlações entre conflito e engagement, o que significa que não se influenciam. As varáveis sociodemográficas são preditoras da dimensão negativa do conflito, e as laborais são preditoras da dimensão positiva do conflito. O estudo pode contribuir para alertar para a motivação destes profissionais e para as dificuldades que encontram para conciliar trabalho e família, numa profissão ainda pouco investigada pela Psicologia.

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by functional mutations in LDLR (>90%), APOB (5-10%) and PCSK9 (1-3%). An accurate genetic diagnosis is essential for a correct diagnosis. However it is known that only a small part of the variants identified have been characterized by in vitro functional assays. To overcome this lack of functional data the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) published recently a guideline for variant interpretation in clinical settings. The propose of this review was to analyze the number of total variants in LDLR associated with FH worldwide and classify these variants’ pathogenicity by the application of ACMG variant interpretation guidelines with a special focus on functional evidence. JR Chora was funded by SFRH/BD/108503/2015; AM Medeiros was funded by SFRH/BD/113017/2015. This work was partly supported by a grant from Genediag, Exe. With thanks to the EAS for support in the form of a Young Investigator Fellowship. N/A

Since the discovery of the giant magnetocaloric effect in the compound Gd5Si2Ge2, rare earth based intermetallics of the form R5(Si,Ge)4 have been largely investigated in their structural and magnetic properties. From the parent compounds Gd5Si4 and Nd5Si4, the present paper reports the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the series Gd 5 - x Nd x Si4. Our results indicate that the magnetic moments of the Gd and Nd sublattices are antiparallel, where the moment of each sublattice has almost the same magnitude near x = 4 . The antiparallel alignment of the sublattices is detrimental to the magnetocaloric properties of the samples. The end members of the series present larger entropy changes, while for the compound x = 4 such quantity is much lower when compared to all other samples.

Introdução: O câncer de pele não melanoma (CPNM) representa 25% dos tumores registrados no Brasil, com baixa letalidade e elevada morbidade; acarreta despesas aos serviços de saude; e afeta o bem-estar do indivíduo. Objetivo: Estudar a exposição solar ocupacional como fator predisponente para esse tipo de câncer. Método: Levantamento de artigos científicos completos nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS e Science Direct. Os artigos selecionados foram catalogados e analisados de forma descritiva e crítica, de acordo com as particularidades de cada estudo. Resultados: Profissionais da jardinagem, da construção civil, trabalhadores agrícolas, da pecuaria e pesca, devido à exposicao diária e continua a radiação ultravioleta (UV), tem maior chance de desenvolver CPNM. A exposicão ocupacional em idade precoce, especialmente em indivíduos de pele clara e residentes de países próximos a linha equatorial, aumenta a chance de desenvolver câncer de pele. Conclusão: O principal fator de risco encontrado para CPNM foi a exposicão a radiação UV e a exposicao solar de caráter ocupacional. Os estudos pesquisados mostraram que ha ocupações mais propensas a desenvolver CPNM devido a exposicao diária e contínua, como profissionais da construção civil e trabalhadores agrícolas, sendo a exposicao ocupacional iniciada em idade mais precoce (inferior aos 30 anos) considerada de maior risco. Assim, reconhecendo a importância do conhecimento sobre os fatores de risco para a prevenção do câncer e as dificuldades metodológicas encontradas nos artigos pesquisados, e importante a realização de mais estudos epidemiológicos que esclareçam a relação entre a exposicao ocupacional e o CPNM.

The distinction between a monogenic dyslipidemia and a polygenic/environmental dyslipidemia is important for the cardiovascular risk assessment, counseling, and treatment of these patients. The present work aims to perform the cardiovascular risk assessment of dyslipidemic children to identify useful biomarkers for clinical criteria improvement in clinical settings. Main cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed in a cohort of 237 unrelated children with clinical diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). About 40% carried at least two cardiovascular risk factors and 37.6% had FH, presenting mutations in LDLR and APOB. FH children showed significant elevated atherogenic markers and lower concentration of antiatherogenic particles. Children without a molecular diagnosis of FH had higher levels of TGs, apoC2, apoC3, and higher frequency of BMI and overweight/obesity, suggesting that environmental factors can be the underlying cause of their hypercholesterolem≥ia. An apoB/apoA1 ratio ≥0.68 was identified as the best biomarker (area under the curve = 0.835) to differentiate FH from other dyslipidemias. The inclusion in clinical criteria of a higher cut-off point for LDL cholesterol or an apoB/apoA1 ratio ≥0.68 optimized the criteria sensitivity and specificity. The correct identification, at an early age, of all children at-risk is of great importance so that specific interventions can be implemented. apoB/apoA1 can improve the identification of FH patients. This work was supported by the Portuguese Cardiology Society (D13123) and the Science and Technology Foundation (project grant PIC/IC/83333/2007; strategic project grant PEst-OE/BIA/UI4046/2011; ACA PhD grant SFRH/ BD/27990/2006).

Work supported by centregrant (toBioISI, Centre Reference: UID/MULTI/04046/2013), from FCT/MCTES/PIDDAC, Portugal

The near-infrared spectrograph NIRSpec is one of four instruments aboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). It offers seven dispersers covering the wavelength range from 0.6 to 5.3 micron with resolutions from R ∼ 100 to R ∼ 2700. Using an array of micro-shutters for target selection, the multi-object spectroscopy mode of NIRSpec will be capable of obtaining spectra from a few tens to more than 200 objects simultaneously. It also features an integral field unit with a 3 by 3 arcseconds field of view, and various slits for high contrast spectroscopy of individual objects. We will provide an overview of the capabilities and performances of these three observing modes highlighting how NIRSpec will contribute to the quest to further understand the assembly and evolution of galaxies from the end of re-ionisation epoch to the present day.

Ana Catarina Alves, colaboradora do grupo de investigação cardiovascular do Departamento da Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não Transmissíveis do INSA, IP e aluna de doutoramento da Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa recebeu com este estudo, no dia 2 de junho de 2014, o Prémio Jovem Investigador atribuído pela Sociedade Europeia de Aterosclerose. Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is characterized by increased circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol leading to premature atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Although FH is usually caused by mutations in LDLR, mutations in APOB and PCSK9 also cause FH but only a few mutations have been reported, APOB p.R3527Q being the most common. However, 30-80% of clinical FH patients do not present an identifiable mutation in any of the described genes. To identify the genetic cause of the hypercholesterolaemia in 65 patients without mutations in LDLR, PCSK9 or in fragments of exon 26 and 29 of APOB currently analysed, we performed whole sequencing of APOB by pyrosequencing. A total of 10 putative mutations in APOB were identified. Flow cytometry with fluorescently labelled LDL from patients and relatives showed that p.Arg1164Thr (exon 22) and p.Gln4494del (exon 29) presented a 40% decrease in internalization in lymphocytes and HepG2 cells, very similar to APOB3527. The proliferation assays with U937 cells showed reduced growth for both cases. The variant p.Tyr1247Cys was found to be neutral and other three alterations were considered polymorphisms. Our results emphasize the need to study the whole APOB in routine protocols to improve patient identification and cardiovascular risk assessment.

OBJECTIVE: To compare changes related to self-esteem and appearance satisfaction between pre and postsurgical phases in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery and to assess the quality of life and psychosocial changes of these patients six months after surgery. METHODS: A longitudinal observational qualitative study was performed. The sample comprised 15 patients with dentofacial deformities who underwent orthognathic surgery. One questionnaire and two forms were answered during pre and postoperative phases. RESULTS: The results showed that 13.3% of patients demonstrated self-esteem improvement, especially in relation to appearance satisfaction. Improvements were also noted in social, occupational and family relationships. With regard to the assessment of quality of life, according to the World Health Organization questionnaire, the lowest improvement averages corresponded to environmental control. CONCLUSION: Orthognathic surgery brings along many emotional changes that should be considered before and after surgery, since the patients' psychological state may be favorable and/or unfavorable during recovery, influencing their quality of life, self-esteem and appearance satisfaction. OBJETIVO: comparar as mudanças relacionadas à autoestima e satisfação com aparência, entre o pré-operatório e o pós-operatório, de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática, e avaliar a qualidade de vida e mudanças psicossociais desses pacientes seis meses após a cirurgia. MÉTODOS: estudo qualitativo, de caráter observacional do tipo longitudinal, com amostra de 15 pacientes que apresentavam deformidades dentofaciais e que foram submetidos à cirurgia ortognática. Foram aplicados um questionário e dois formulários, em duas fases: uma pré-cirúrgica e outra pós-cirúrgica. RESULTADOS: os resultados mostraram que 13,3% dos pacientes obtiveram melhora em relação à autoestima e, principalmente, em relação à satisfação com a aparência. Foi também constatada melhoria nas relações sociais, profissionais e familiares. Em relação à avaliação da qualidade de vida segundo o questionário da Organização Mundial da Saúde, observou-se que a média mais baixa correspondeu ao domínio meio ambiente. CONCLUSÕES: a cirurgia ortognática traz consigo uma carga emocional elevada, que deve ser considerada antes e após o ato cirúrgico, pois o estado psicológico do paciente repercute em fatores favoráveis ou desfavoráveis durante a sua recuperação, influenciando de diferentes formas na qualidade de vida, autoestima e satisfação com a aparência.

Introduction: Hypercholesterolemia results from an alteration, genetic or acquired, in lipoprotein metabolism. Evidence that hypercholesterolemia is associated with the atherosclerotic process from childhood justifies the screening of high-risk children and initiation of therapy at preschool ages. Objective: To assess children referred for pediatric consultations due to hypercholesterolemia. Methods: Children and adolescents referred for pediatric consultations with a diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia were enrolled. Information on family history and clinical, anthropometric and biochemical parameters was recorded and, when appropriate, molecular study was performed. Results: A total of 168 children were assessed. Forty-six presented a familial hypercholesterolemia phenotype and in 22 of these, a mutation in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene was identified. The lipid profile of the group with mutations showed significantly higher values of total and non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol compared to the group without mutations (total cholesterol 316.5±75.9 mg/dl vs. 260.9±42.0 mg/dl; non-HDL cholesterol 268.3±72.6 mg/dl vs. 203.5±43.9 mg/dl; p