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Enlightenment and reforms and then revolution, in the Eighteenth century promoted a new political conscience in Italian states and particularly in Tuscany, to whom the events of Corsica contributed. In Corsica was affirmed a pro-Italian culture in language, in sociability, in editorial production and that environment welcomed, after the Restoration, the emigration of Italian intellectuals and, in particular, Tuscans. While the French Revolution of 1848 opened a new period for Corsica on which Bonapartism had a particular influence, in 1849, a new type of political Tuscan emigration, no longer elitist but socially heterogeneous came. It included strong democratic and even socialist orientations, as they were in the political world of Corsica, opposed by the alliance between conservatives and bonapartists who asked for repression. One of the most discussed matters, in the Island, was the question of the Corsican-Italian language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]