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19 pags., 16 figs., 8 tabs., We present the design, prototype developments and test results of the new time-of-flight detector (ToFD) which is part of the R3B experimental setup at GSI and FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany. The ToFD detector is able to detect heavy-ion residues of all charges at relativistic energies with a relative energy precision σΔE/ ΔE of up to 1% and a time precision of up to 14 ps (sigma). Together with an elaborate particle-tracking system, the full identification of relativistic ions from hydrogen up to uranium in mass and nuclear charge is possible., This work received support from BMBF (05P19RFFN1, 05P15RDFN1, 05P19RDFN1) and HIC for FAIR. J.P. has been supported by the Institute for Basic Science (IBS-R031-D1). E.C. has been supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation in Spain (PGC2018-099746-B-C22). J.L.R.S. thanks the support from the Regional Government of Galicia under the program of postdoctoral fellowships ED481B-2017-002 and ED481D-2021-018. O.T. has been supported by AEI/FEDER, UE project No. PID2019-104390GB-I00. G.B., A.H., H.T.J., B.J. and T.N. have been supported by the Swedish Research Council under contract 2017-03839. This work was supported by the Royal Society and UK STFC awards ST/L005727/1, ST/P003885/1.

La Neonatología define un neonato al recién nacido (RN) desde el momento del nacimiento hasta completar veinte y ocho días después del parto. Esta contribución centra su atención en el campo de las Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNA), y específicamente supervisadas. Busca que, a través de estas redes, se pueda discriminar entre un RN sano y uno patológico a partir de su llanto en el período neonatal, siendo su objetivo implementar una RNA supervisada Back-Propagation (BP) para clasificar el llanto en neonatos con Hipoxia a partir de parámetros acústicos. Para su elaboración se concibió una metodología basada en los métodos teóricos que integró, entre otros, el método análisis-síntesis para analizar disímiles propiedades que engloban la dinámica de las RNA. Como resultado se obtuvo el clasificador de llanto (normal-patológico) implementado con RNA. Con este resultado obtenido se comprueba las potencialidades de las RNA y su uso práctico en diferentes áreas del conocimiento.

The mammalian olfactory systems can be divided into several subsystems based on the anatomical location of their neuroreceptor cells and the family of receptors they express. The more in depth studied systems are the main olfactory system and the vomeronasal system, whose first integrative enters are the main and the accessory olfactory bulb, respectively. In addition, there is a range of olfactory subsystems which converge to the transition zone located between the main olfactory bulb and the accessory olfactory bulb., which has been termed as olfactory limbus (OL) and includes specialized glomeruli which receive uncanonical sensory afferences and interact with the MOB and AOB. Beyond the laboratory rodents, there is a lack of information regarding the olfactory subsystems of carnivores. We have focused on the specific study of the olfactory limbus of the fox, performing serial histological sections, general and specific histological stainings, including both double and simple immunohistochemical and lectin-histochemical labeling techniques. As a result, we have been able to determine that the OL of the fox shows an uncommon development with a high degree of development and complexity. This makes this species a novel mammalian model that could provide a wider understanding of non-canonical pathways involved in the processing of chemosensory cues.

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG [Abstract]: Feature selection is a subfield of machine learning focused on reducing the dimensionality of datasets by performing a computationally intensive process. This work presents Parallel-FST, a publicly available parallel library for feature selection that includes seven methods which follow a hybrid MPI/multithreaded approach to reduce their runtime when executed on high performance computing systems. Performance tests were carried out on a 256-core cluster, where Parallel-FST obtained speedups of up to 229x for representative datasets and it was able to analyze a 512 GB dataset, which was not previously possible with a sequential counterpart library due to memory constraints. This research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain (PID2019-104184RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033), by the Ministry of Universities of Spain under grant FPU20/00997, and by Xunta de Galicia and FEDER funds of the EU (CITIC, Centro de Investigación de Galicia accreditation 2019-2022, ref. ED431G 2019/01; Consolidation Program of Competitive Reference Groups, ED431C 2021/30). Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/01 Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2021/30

La selección de características es un campo del aprendizaje automático centrado en la reducción de dimensionalidad de conjuntos de datos a través de la realización de un proceso computacionalmente costoso. En este trabajo presentamos Parallel-FST, una biblioteca paralela, públicamente disponible, para selección de características que contiene siete métodos que siguen una aproximación híbrida MPI/multihilo para reducir su tiempo de ejecución explotando los recursos de sistemas de computación de altas prestaciones. En las pruebas de rendimiento, llevadas a cabo en un clúster de 256 núcleos, Parallel-FST alcanzó aceleraciones de hasta 229x para conjuntos de datos representativos, además de ser capaz de analizar un conjunto de datos de 512 GB, lo que no era posible con la implementación secuencial debido a las limitaciones de memoria., Esta investigación ha sido financiada por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2019-104184RB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033), por el Ministerio de Universidades (ayuda FPU20/00997), y por la Xunta de Galicia a través del Programa de Consolidación de Grupos de Referencia Competitiva (ref. ED431C 2021/30). También agradecemos el apoyo del Centro de Investigación de Galicia CITIC, financiado por la Xunta de Galicia y fondos FEDER de la UE (acreditación 2019-2022, ref. ED431G 2019/01).

Purpose to compare group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection incidence in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed (HU) infants in a Spanish cohort. Methods retrospective study in 5 hospitals in Madrid (Spain). Infants ≤ 90 days of life with a GBS infection were included from January 2008 to December 2017. Incidence of GBS infection in HEU and HU children was compared. Results HEU infants presented a 7-fold greater risk of GBS infection and a 29-fold greater risk of GBS meningitis comparing to HU, with statistical signification. Early-onset infection was 10-fold more frequent in HEU children, with statistical signification, and late-onset infection was almost 5-fold more frequent in the HUE infants’ group, without statistical significance. Conclusions HEU infants presented an increased risk of GBS infection and meningitis. One in each 500 HEU infants of our cohort had a central nervous system infection and 1 in each 200, a GBS infection. Although etiological causes are not well understood, this should be taken into account by physicians when attending this population.

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG [Abstract] In this work, “breathing-caloric” effect is introduced as a new term to define very large thermal changes that arise from the combination of structural changes and gas adsorption processes occurring during breathing transitions. In regard to cooling and heating applications, this innovative caloric effect appears under very low working pressures and in a wide operating temperature range. This phenomenon, whose origin is analyzed in depth, is observed and reported here for the first time in the porous hybrid organic–inorganic MIL-53(Al) material. This MOF compound exhibits colossal thermal changes of ΔS ∼ 311 J K–1 kg–1 and ΔH ∼ 93 kJ kg–1 at room temperature (298 K) and under only 16 bar, pressure which is similar to that of common gas refrigerants at the same operating temperature (for instance, p(CO2) ∼ 64 bar and p(R134a) ∼ 6 bar) and noticeably lower than p > 1000 bar of most solid barocaloric materials. Furthermore, MIL-53(Al) can operate in a very wide temperature range from 333 K down to 254 K, matching the operating requirements of most HVAC systems. Therefore, these findings offer new eco-friendly alternatives to the current refrigeration systems that can be easily adapted to existing technologies and open the door to the innovation of future cooling systems yet to be developed. This work was financially supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad MINECO and EU-FEDER (projects MAT2017-86453-R and PDC2021-121076-I00), Xunta de Galicia and IACOBUS Programme. Funding for open access fee was provided by Universidade da Coruña/CISUG

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major cause of nosocomial infections, is considered a paradigm of antimicrobial resistance, largely due to hyperproduction of chromosomal cephalosporinase AmpC. Here, we explore the ability of 6-pyridylmethylidene penicillin-based sulfones 1-3 to inactivate the AmpC β-lactamase and thus rescue the activity of the antipseudomonal ceftazidime. These compounds increased the susceptibility to ceftazidime in a collection of clinical isolates and PAO1 mutant strains with different ampC expression levels and also improved the inhibition kinetics relative to avibactam, displaying a slow deacylation rate and involving the formation of an indolizine adduct. Bromide 2 was the inhibitor with the lowest KI (15.6 nM) and the highest inhibitory efficiency (kinact/KI). Computational studies using diverse AmpC enzymes revealed that the aromatic moiety in 1-3 targets a tunnel-like site adjacent to the catalytic serine and induces the folding of the H10 helix, indicating the potential value of this not-always-evident pocket in drug design.

Las sociedades hispánicas medievales compartieron un amplio y variado caudal de principios y valores comunes en el terreno político, social, cultural y espiritual. Aunque existían elementos propios y exclusivos de cada reino, hubo una sólida base común que permitía una rápida adaptación de los personajes que emigraban a otros territorios vecinos. Las respectivas sociedades cortesanas fueron capaces de entenderse a partir de los rasgos culturales, artísticos, literarios y espirituales que todas tenían en común, y aprovecharon los contactos políticos, familiares e institucionales para enriquecerlos. Un estudio comparado de algunos de estos intercambios permite entender la fisonomía de lo hispánico durante la Baja Edad Media, una época caracterizada por la definición progresiva de los poderes del Estado. Los ejemplos que ofrecen los especialistas que escriben en este volumen nos muestran un variado panorama cultural que combina la especialidad temática con el contexto general de la época.

We present a temperature-dependent Raman scattering study of a [(CH

The purpose of this study is to compare group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection incidence in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed (HU) infants in a Spanish cohort. We conducted a retrospective study in 5 hospitals in Madrid (Spain). Infants ≤ 90 days of life with a GBS infection were included from January 2008 to December 2017. Incidence of GBS infection in HEU and HU children was compared. HEU infants presented a sevenfold greater risk of GBS infection and a 29-fold greater risk of GBS meningitis compared to HU, with statistical significance. Early-onset infection was tenfold more frequent in HEU children, with statistical significance, and late-onset infection was almost fivefold more frequent in the HUE infants' group, without statistical significance.HEU infants presented an increased risk of GBS sepsis and meningitis. One in each 500 HEU infants of our cohort had a central nervous system infection and 1 in each 200, a GBS infection. Although etiological causes are not well understood, this should be taken into account by physicians when attending this population.• HIV-exposed uninfected infants are at higher risk of severe infections. • An increased susceptibility of these infants to group B Streptococcus infections has been described in low- and high-income countries, including a higher risk of meningitis in a South African cohort.• Group B Streptococcal meningitis is more frequent in HIV-exposed uninfected infants also in high-income countries. • Physicians should be aware of this increased risk when attending these infants.

Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Tobacco use, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity are some of the lifestyle risk factors that have led to an increase in cancer. This article updates the evidence and includes recommendations for prevention strategies for each of the cancers with the highest incidence. These are based on the reduction of risk factors (primary prevention) and early diagnosis of cancer through screening and early detection of signs and symptoms, in medium-risk and high-risk populations. This update of the 2022 PAPPS has taken into account the vision of the National Health System Cancer Strategy, an update approved by the Interterritorial Council of the National Health System on January 2021 and the European Strategy (Europe's Beating Cancer Plan) presented on 4 February 2021.

Control of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae continues to be challenging. The success of this pathogen is favored by its ability to acquire antimicrobial resistance and to spread and persist in both the environment and in humans.The emergence of clinically important clones, such as sequence types 11, 15, 101, and 258, has been reported worldwide. However,the mechanisms promoting the dissemination of such highrisk clones are unknown. Unraveling the factors that play a role in the pathobiology and epidemicity of K. pneumoniae is therefore important for managing infections. To address this issue, we studied a carbapenem-resistant ST-15 K. pneumoniae isolate (Kp3380) that displayed a remarkable adherent phenotype with abundant pilus-like structures. Genome sequencing enabled us to identify a chaperone-usher pili system (Kpi) in Kp3380. Analysis of a large K. pneumoniae population from 32 European countries showed that the Kpi system is associated with the ST-15 clone. Phylogenetic analysis of the operon revealed that Kpi belongs to the littlecharacterized γ2-fimbrial clade. We demonstrate that Kpi contributes positively to the ability of K.pneumoniae to form biofilms and adhere to different host tissues. Moreover, the in vivo intestinal colonizing capacity of the Kpi-defective mutant was significantly reduced, as was its ability to infect Galleria mellonella. The findings provide information about the pathobiology and epidemicity of Kpi+ K. pneumoniae and indicate that the presence of Kpi may explain the success of the ST-15 clone. Disrupting bacterial adherence to the intestinal surface could potentially target gastrointestinal colonization., This research was supported by Projects p-01216A and IJCI-2016-29524 (to A.P.), funded by the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) and the Minestry of Economy and Competetiveness(MINECO), respectively. It was also supported by Projects PI11/01034 (to M.P.), PI14/00059 and PI17/1482 (to M.P. and A.B.), and PI18/00501 (to G.B.),included in the National Plan for Scientific Research, Development and Technological Innovation 2013-2016 and funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/006) cofinanced by European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” and operative program Intelligent Growth 2014-2020. Grant BFU2016-77835-R of the MINECO (to A.R.) also supported this research. E.G. was financially supported by the SEIMC project. J.C.V.-U. was financially supported by the PFIS (Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud) program (F18/00315);J.A.V. was financially supported by IN607A 2016/22; M.M.-G. was financially supported by a Clara Roy grant (SEIMC); A.B. was financially supported by the Miguel Servet program (ISCIII, Spain); B.K.R.-J. was financially supported by Marie S. Curie Action SaPhaDe project (MSCA-IF-GF-836754); and A.P. was financially supported by the Juan de la Cierva program (MINECO, IJCI-2016-29524).