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Phytotoxicity thresholds for heavy metals are derived from dose&ndash, response curves, which show the relationships between exposure dose and toxicity response. However, the results of tests or observations are commonly based on total heavy metal concentration, not the exposure dose that causes phytotoxicity, additionally, the phytotoxicity response differs with plant species. In the present study, the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-extractable copper (Cu) concentration was determined in order to evaluate Cu extractability. As two important horticultural food crops in Asia, tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum &lsquo, Meifen No. 1&rsquo, ) and bok choy (Brassica rapa var. chinensis &lsquo, Susheng 28&rsquo, ) were used to investigate Cu phytotoxicity in a wide range of Chinese soils with and without leaching treatment, after which relationships between Cu phytotoxicity thresholds based on EDTA-extractions and soil properties were established. The phytotoxicity thresholds showed that biomass of bok choy was more sensitive to Cu than tomato. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that soil factors, including organic carbon (OC), citrate dithionate extractable manganese (CD-Mn), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and CaCO3 explained over 85% of the variance in Cu phytotoxicity thresholds. The EDTA-extractable Cu dose&ndash, response relationships were further improved by incorporating soil properties. The new phytotoxicity predictive models indicated soil properties (soil pH, OC, CEC, and oxalate-extractable Mn) and EDTA-extractable Cu concentration explained more than 90% of the variance in the phytotoxicity response of tomato and bok choy biomass. The new phytotoxicity predictive models could be used to develop a reasonable remediation strategy for contaminated soils.

Aims: This study aims to observe the preliminary clinical efficacy of percutaneous interstitial brachytherapy using iodine-125 seeds for the treatment of advanced malignant lung tumors. Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 24 patients in our hospital with advanced malignant lung tumors between June 2013 and November 2017. Computed tomography (CT)-guided iodine-125 seed implantation therapy was administered to these patients. All patients were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by CT. Results: Among the 24 patients, the objective response rates at 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure were 50.0%, 50.0%, and 33.3%, respectively. Recent occurrence of adverse reactions were observed, including four cases of pneumothorax, three cases of hemoptysis, and two cases of particle displacement. Conclusions: CT-guided percutaneous interstitial brachytherapy with iodine-125 seeds can be used for the treatment of lung malignant tumors. Its clinical curative effect is remarkable and it results in limited trauma, reducing the incidence of adverse reactions and improving patient quality of life.

We report here chirality sensing using achiral Ag(+)-thiol coordination polymers as the framework which becomes CD active upon interaction with chiral species, taking p-mercaptophenylboronic acid as a thiol ligand that bears a binding group for monosaccharides.

Telomeres play an important role in the maintenance of genomic stability/integrity and are synthesized by the RNA-dependent polymerase telomerase. Progressive telomere shortening contributes to both in vitro and in vivo aging, and telomere length dynamics and telomerase expression profile in human tissues during extrauterine life have been well characterized. However, little is known about these changes in the early stage of gestation. In the present study, we determined telomere length and the expression of telomerase core units (telomerase reverse transcriptase, hTERT, and telomerase RNA component, hTERC) in human fetus tissues from 6 to 11 weeks of gestational age. A sharp decline in telomere length occurred between 6 and 7 weeks of gestational age, and a relatively stable or slightly shortened telomere length was thereafter maintained until birth. The inverse correlation between TERT or TERC expression and gestational age was steadily observed in these fetus tissues. Taken together, there is a rapid reduction followed by a slow erosion of telomere length in human fetus from gestational age 6-11 weeks, while hTERT and hTERC expression decreases steadily during this period. The present findings not only contribute to better understandings of telomere/telomerase biology in human embryonic development, but also are implicated in telomere/telomerase-related diseases or problems.

For the efficient extraction of kamebakaurin(KA), the ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE) of KA from Rabdosia excisa(R. excisa) via response surface methodology(RSM) was investigated with high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Effects of the experimental parameters such as extraction solvent, ratio of liquid to plant material, extraction time and extraction temperature on the extracting efficiency of KA from R. excisa were evaluated, and the purity of KA in residual was calculated. The optimized conditions were 65.5%(volume fraction) acetone, 35 °C, time of 24.6 min with ultrasound of 80 W/L, 40 kHz, ratio of liquid to plant material at 30:1(mL/g). The maximum yield of KA is 0.708 mg/kg, with mean purity of 6.09%, indicating that ultrasound-assisted extraction is a feasible and useful method for extracting KA from R. excisa.

due to the time sequence has some unique characteristics, problems with the traditional point to point distance method are realized by more and more researchers when measuring the similarity of time series. Therefore, this paper uses a new similarity measure, i.e. global characteristics, extracting values of statistical distribution, seasonal, spectral and other characteristics from time series to construct eigenvector, based on the characteristic vector clustering analysis. By conducting time series clustering of communication base stations in a region, this paper confirms the method is able to deal with global characteristics that has a larger scale of time series, and to calculate effectively large time series.

The real-time prediction of micro regional market share provides decision for the analysis of micro regional marketing scheme and micro regional channel planning. More and more increasing complexion mobile network environment require real-time micro area of market share and only mastering micro regional market share can have a more comprehensive understanding of market. To solve this problem, consideration of advantages of real-time aspects of the extended Kalman filtering algorithm in predicting, we propose a real-time prediction algorithm based on the extended Kalman filter Market Share. The algorithm can be real-time prediction of mobile network market share of base station. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm in this paper is a real-time and good prediction quality.

Traffic analysis and forecast are the classic topics of telecommunication research, as they provide strategic ground to address the issues such as mobile networks traffic jam, network coverage planning design, marketing management etc. On the basis of the empirical mode decomposition theory and methods, this article first implements multi-scale analysis of the time series of traffic, then it goes on to executes RBF neural network based on the different compositions, and finally reach the forecast expectation of voice traffics of selected base stations.

The thermo-sensitive and fluorescent complexes containing Eu(III) or Tb(III) were synthesized and characterized, in which cholesterol-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) copolymer was used as a polymer ligand. The results from the experiments indicated that Eu(III) or Tb(III) was bonded to nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the polymer chain. The fluorescence lifetimes of the powdered Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes was 11.48 ms and 10.71 ms, respectively. The maximum emission intensity of the PNIPAM–Eu(III) complex at 613 nm and the PNIPAM–Tb(III) complex at 545 nm were enhanced about 11.1 and 11.3 times compared with that of the corresponding rare earth ions, respectively. Additionally, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of complexes were slightly higher than those of the copolymers.

Permanent magnetic materials capable of operating at high temperature up to 500 °C have wide potential applications in fields such as aeronautics, space, and electronic cars. SmCo alloys are candidates for high temperature applications, since they have large magnetocrystalline anisotropy field (6–30 T), high Curie temperature (720–920 °C), and large energy product (>200 kJ·m−3) at room temperature. However, the highest service temperature of commercial 2:17 type SmCo magnets is only 300 °C, and many efforts have been devoted to develop novel high temperature permanent magnets. This review focuses on the development of three kinds of SmCo based magnets: 2:17 type SmCo magnets, nanocrystalline SmCo magnets, and nanocomposite SmCo magnets. The oxidation protection, including alloying and surface modification, of high temperature permanent magnets is discussed as well.

The research object was online payment acceptance. The research method was questionnaire survey. A total of 250 questionnaires were Issued, 233 questionnaires were recovered, 230 questionnaires were effective questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 19. The research results show that consumption level has not an effect on online payment acceptance, online payment system security and purchase cost have an impact on online payment acceptance. The significant effect values of three variables are 0.544, 0.025, 0.00.

With sulfur-contained oil tanks undergoing chemical corrosions, the corresponding products (i.e. rust, mainly comprising of Fe2O3, Fe3O4 and Fe (OH)3) would react with hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, mercaptan sulfur and other active sulfur contained in the oil to produce highly oxidizing iron sulfide, which is liable to cause fire and explosions upon exothermic reactions. In this paper, the corrosion induced by low-temperature wet H2S and natural oxidations of corresponding products within the sulfur-contained oil tanks are simulated. An analysis is also made on the temperature changing patterns during the sulfidation of Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Fe (OH) 3, and their mixtures as well as in the natural oxidation process of sulfide. Research results indicate that due to the strong oxidation tendency revealed by ferrous sulfide generated from reactions between Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Fe (OH) 3, and their mixtures with wet H2S under anaerobic conditions, it can react with oxygen in the natural air violently to release a lot of heat. The higher the content of Fe2O3 and Fe3O4, the greater the risk of spontaneous combustion would be. Moreover, the oxidation of iron sulfide undergoes three phases in natural environment, i.e. oxidation induction, oxidation incubation, and oxidation acceleration.

The current research work lacks systematizations on ductility features in failure process for cable-strut arch structures. To improve this disadvantage, an intensive study is performed with the strategies of experimental verification and finite element analysis. Firstly, considering the mechanical characteristics of cable-strut arch structures, a calculation method of displacement ductility are proposed to analyze its features in failure process. On this basis, the law of ductility features on bearing failure for cable-strut arch structures, is studied through the analysis of the results of experimental verification and finite element analysis. It indicates that their failures are brittle. It provides some references for the reasonable design of these structures.

The current Chinese design specification of steel arch structure lacks full of bearing performance when checking its in-plane stability under asymmetric load. In order to overcome this disadvantage, the nonlinear finite element method was used for the ultimate load analysis of parabolic steel arch structure under full-span and half-span loads with different combination ratio. The calculated results show that ultimate load based on the specification is close to that based on the finite element analysis of model with geometrical defects; but is quite different from that based on the finite element analysis of perfect model; when half-span load accounts for a large proportion, the ultimate load based on the finite element analysis of geometrical defect model is higher than that based on the finite element analysis of perfect model.

Aiming at the problem of traditional windows need manual operation, intelligent windows system based on power line carrier (PLC) and GPRS wireless communication technology was designed. The system used PLC technology realize the establishment of the internal network; Used varieties of sensors as peripheral detection devices and data acquisition equipment, transmitted collected data to central controller through the power line; Used ARM9 embedded processor S3C2440A as center controller; Used GTM900C module as interface between internal network and external network, passed data and forwarded control commands. Terminal PC used LabVIEW graphical programming language, it could receive GPRS signal coming from Internet according to the fixed IP address and port number, and sent monitoring commands to the fixed IP address. This paper listed out hardware block diagram and software implementation process. The design concept can spread to other intelligent households. The experimental results suggest that the intelligent windows have implemented smart windproof, rainproof, anti-theft, fire prevention and prevent gas poisoning. It provided a good solution for the design of smart home.

Kunming mouse strain is widely used in China, and the superovulation was administrated with 10 IU PMSG combined with 10 IU hCG. In this study, the effects of the exogenous gonadotropins on superovulation of Kunming mice and embryo quality derived from the superovulated mice were assessed. Female mice at 6-8-wk old were superovulated with 0, 5, 7.5 and 10 IU PMSG/hCG and mated with male mice. The embryos were retrieved at 2.5 d post coitum. No statistic difference was observed for the number of 2-cell embryos collected per mouse between control and 5 IU PMSG/hCG treatment group, but the number significantly increased for 7.5 and 10 IU PMSG/hCG treatment group (P0.05). This indicated that exogenous gonadotropins have no effects on development of Kunming mouse embryos. The quality of blastocyst was assessed by labelling with Hoechst and propidium iodide for inner cell mass and trophectoderm cells, the result showed that ICM/TE ratio significantly decreased for 10 IU PMSG/hCG treatment group compared with control, 5 and 7.5 IU PMSG/hCG treatment group (P

The effect of the surface compressive stress (CS) on the wettability of the chemically strengthened glasses on air side and tin side was investigated. The wettability of the air side of the raw glass is better than the tin side. After chemical strengthening, the surface energy of the air side decrease with the decreasing of the CS while the tin side is just the opposite. These results demonstrated that the wettability of the chemically strengthened aluminosilicate glass could be controlled by the compressive stress.

In order to elucidate the influence of terroir on wine aroma compounds of Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot varieties, aroma compounds of two monovarietal wines from the four wine grape-growing regions were investigated for the first time in this research. Aroma compounds of wine were analyzed by solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). A total of 58 volatile compounds were identified and quantified in Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot wines. In the volatiles detected, alcohols formed the most abundant group in the aroma compounds of two monovarietal wines, followed by esters and fatty acids. Cabernet Sauvignon wines from the HBSC region had the highest levels of aroma compounds while Merlot wines had the lowest. According to their odor active values (OAV s ), ethyl octanoate, ethyl hexanoate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl acetate, 2-phenylethanol, 3-(methylthio)-1-propanol, and isoamyl alcohol were the impact odorants of two monovarietal wines, showing only quantitative but not qualitative differences in different regional wines. The shape of the OAV s for the HBSC and the HBCL regional Merlot wines is very similar. According to the data analysis of aroma compounds, the volatile compounds can be affected by “terroir” factor, further, the magnitude of the influence by the “terroir” factor on the aroma of young wine could be in relation to grape variety.

Giant magnetostrictive materials have a broad potential application in aviation and aerospace field owing to its good properties. The actuators made of the materials show excellent performance which makes them a good choice for precision positioning. This paper presents a micro-displacement positioning system of the giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA). The structure of the system and its control method are described. In order to achieve the steady micro-positioning characteristics, the adjustment process of the system based on the control algorithm of Programmable Multi-axis Controller (PMAC) was researched. The response time of the GMA was less than 1 ms which was shown in the step response curve. Relatively large displacement (5~20 µm) positioning and micro-displacement (0.9~3 µm) positioning were achieved with the average positioning systematical errors of less than 0.5 µm.

This paper designed a fpga-based ultrasonic flowmeter, and used verilog language design fpga control unit.The microcontroller was the core of the ultrasonic transceiver circuit. Peripheral circuit is designed to be simple and reliable, the fpga advantage in raising the maximum clock frequency, greatly improves the measurement accuracy of the design.

The linear elasticity was studied in a martensitic alloy Ni50Mn25Ga9Cu16. A 0.4 % linear elastic strain is obtained in the polycrystalline sample under compressive stress of 745 MPa. The elastic modulus is 186 GPa. The obtained linear elastic strain and elastic modulus are much higher than that of ternary Ni–Mn–Ga martensitic alloys. The compressive stress–strain curves of Ni50Mn28Ga22, Ni50Mn25Ga22Cu3 and Ni50Mn25Ga9Cu16 alloys. The inset shows the enlarged curves of Ni50Mn28Ga22 and Ni50Mn25Ga22Cu3 alloys.

This paper analysis principle of BLBL(Bouguer-Laanbert-Beer-Law) model, and introduce SiO2 physical parameters of the simulation experiments to verify the scope of the model and the expected value of the theoretical model. The model be applicable under the low concentrations and meets unrelated conditions. The model full-scattering method in the optics methods of measurement obtained consistent with the theoretical value.

The radiant heat of the oil tank liquid combustion flame is the main reason of the fire spread between the oil tanks. In this paper,the thermal radiation characteristics of 10 million cubic meters oil tanks in Zhoushan Crude Oil Reserve Base in the pool fire environment are simulated using Fluent software.The results show that, the pool fire radiation intensity close to the ground was smaller than that in the parts over the tank mouth. The incident radiation intensity is over 200 kw/m 2 within the scope of radius 200m from the flame center. The incident radiation intensity decreased to 100 kw/m 2 in the place of 250m from the flame center radius. The radiant heat intensity was nearly 400-1000 kw/m 2 in the place of 72-152m from the flame center radius. The thermal radiation flux will lead to disastrous fire or explosion of the adjacent oil tanks.

The effect of the annealing temperature (390°C, 410 °Cand 430°C) on the stress relaxation of air side and tin side of ion exchanged glasses was investigated. The annealing time dependence of stress at different temperature can be well fitted by a second order exponential function. The stress relaxation rate on tin side is larger than air side at the ion exchange temperature (410°C) or below (390°C) but smaller above the ion exchange temperature (430°C). The depths of stress layer (DOL) of all ion exchanged glasses increase with the increasing of annealing time and the DOL on air side is always larger than tin side. These provide useful information for subsequent treatment of ion exchanged glasses.

We report that in the Ag

As a new emerging area in chemical sensing, sensing using supramolecular aggregates exhibits unique advantages over that using conventional small-molecule chemical sensors, in terms of high sensitivity and selectivity, and the simplicity of the sensory building blocks. This Feature Article outlines the recent research progress made in sensing based on induced supramolecular aggregation–disaggregation. The reviewed sensory building blocks, in general, in the form of a small molecular sensor, yet with a much simpler structure, which form aggregates, are those of perylene derivatives, pyrene derivatives, tetraphenylethylene derivatives, metallophilic species and metal–organic frameworks.

A supramolecular polymeric system that shows an unusual “racemate-rules” chiroptical property, an effect opposite to the well-known “majority-rules”, has been utilized for accurate determination of malic acid enantiopurity at high ee values.

Three new receptors (1a-c) bearing a p-dimethylaminobenzamide fluorophore have been synthesized and evaluated in terms of their fluoroionophoric properties towards various metal ions. Notably, receptors 1a and 1c exhibited dramatic fluorescent enhancement towards Cu2+ in acetonitrile. Subsequent investigations revealed that the highly selective behavior of these receptors towards Cu2+ could be attributed to the Cu2+-mediated oxidative cyclization of these compounds to the corresponding 1,3,4-oxadiazoles. Solvent effects and quantum calculations indicated that 1a and 1c both possessed an intramolecular charge transfer channel, which could be obstructed by the oxidative cyclization of these receptors. Receptor 1a was successfully applied to the determination of the Cu2+ in drug sample with a low detection limit of 2.2×10-8molL-1.

Synthetic transmembrane anion transporters (anionophores) have potential as tools for biomedical research and as therapeutic agents for diseases associated with anion-channel dysfunction. However, the possibility of H+ or OH- transport by anionophores has received little attention, and an anionophore selective for Cl- over H+/OH- is currently unavailable. Here, we show that depending on anionophore acidity, many anionophores facilitate electrogenic H+ or OH- transport, potentially leading to toxicity. Nevertheless, using several liposome-membrane-based assays, we identified two newly developed small molecules that promote electrogenic Cl- transport without effectively dissipating the transmembrane pH gradient, essentially mimicking the electrogenic cationophore valinomycin. The Cl- > H+/OH- selectivity of anionophores showed a consistent positive correlation with the degree of Cl- encapsulation and a negative correlation with the acidity of hydrogen-bond donors. Our study demonstrates that a valinomycin equivalent for Cl--selective transport is achievable., info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Glucose binding via boronate ester linkages selectively triggers imine bond formation between 4-formylphenylboronic acid and octylamine, leading to the formation of vesicular aggregates in aqueous solutions. This "double dynamic covalent assembly" allows the facile selective sensing of glucose against the otherwise serious interferant fructose, without the need to resort to synthetic effort.

Architectural coatings sold in market fall into many categories which mean different models and qualities. The research plans to differentiate different kinds of architectural coatings in quality using hyperspectral technology. Near-Infrared hyperspectral images of four kinds of architectural coatings (in a descending quality order of brand A, B, C, and D) in same color were acquired. The optimal wavelengths were selected at 1283 and 2447 nm to differentiate the four kinds of coatings through ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) method. The band ratio index of R₁₂₈₃/R₂₄₄₇ was built and the results were segmented into the corresponding coatings, and the accuracies of segmentation were compared with that from Maximum Likely Classification (MLC). The results indicated all J-M distances are more than 1.8 except between C and D; the lowest accuracy of 87.54% in segmentation and 95.63% in MLC were both from brand D, and others' accuracies all were over 90% in both ratio index and MLC. Therefore, the ratio index R₁₂₈₃/R₂₄₄₇ could be used to distinguish different kinds of architectural coatings. Also, the research could provide support for identification, quality acceptance, as well as conformity assessment of architectural coatings.

Acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) serve as connections between motor neurons and skeletal muscle and are essential for recovery from spinal cord transection (SCT). Recently, microRNAs have emerged as important potential biotherapeutics for several diseases; however, whether miRNAs operate in the modulation of AChRs remains unknown. We found increased AChRs numbers and function scores in rats with SCT; these increases were reduced following the injection of a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A1 (eIF5A1) shRNA lentivirus into the hindlimb muscle. Then, high-throughput screening for microRNAs targeting eIF5A1 was performed, and miR-434-3p was found to be robustly depleted in SCT rat skeletal muscle. Furthermore, a highly conserved miR-434-3p binding site was identified within the mRNA encoding eIF5A1 through bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase assay. Overexpression or knockdown of miR-434-3p in vivo demonstrated it was a negative post-transcriptional regulator of eIF5A1 expression and influenced AChRs expression. The microarray-enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms regulated by miR-434-3p were muscle development terms. Using a lentivirus, one functional gene (map2k6) was confirmed to have a similar function to that of miR-434-3p in GO terms. Finally, HRM and MeDIP-PCR analyses revealed that DNA demethylation also up-regulated eIF5A1 after SCT. Consequently, miR-434-3p/eIF5A1 in muscle is a promising potential biotherapy for SCI repair.

With the global warming, people now pay more attention to the problem of the emission of greenhouse gas (CO2). Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is an effective measures to reduce CO2 emission. But there is a possible risk that the CO2 might leak from underground. However, there need to research and develop a technique to quickly monitor CO2 leaking spots above sequestration fields. The field experiment was performed in the Sutton Bonington campus of University of Nottingham (52. 8N, 1. 2W) from May to September in 2008. The experiment totally laid out 16 plots, grass (cv Long Ley) and beans (Vicia faba cv Clipper) were planted in eight plots, respectively. However, only four grass and bean plots were stressed by the CO2 leakage, and CO2 was always injected into the soil at a rate of 1 L x min(-1). The canopy spectra were measured using ASD instrument, and the grass was totally collected 6 times data and bean was totally collected 3 times data. This paper study the canopy spectral characteristics of grass and beans under the stress of CO2 microseepages through the field simulated experiment, and build the model to detect CO2 microseepage spots by using hyperspectral remote sensing. The results showed that the canopy spectral reflectance of grass and beans under the CO2 leakage stress increased in 580-680 nm with the stressed severity elevating, moreover, the spectral features of grass and beans had same rule during the whole experimental period. According to the canopy spectral features of two plants, a new index AREA(5800680 nm) was designed to detect the stressed vegetations. The index was tested through J-M distance, and the result suggested that the index was able to identify the center area and the core area grass under CO2 leakage stress, however, the index had a poor capability to discriminate the edge area grass from control. Then, the index had reliable and steady ability to identify beans under CO2 leakage stress. This result could provide theoretical basis and methods for detecting CO2 leakage spots using hyperspectral remote sensing in the future.

Ground coupled heat pump (GCHP) technology has the energy saving potential, but closely related to the building ambient conditions. This paper studied the effect of climatic condition on the ground heat flow balance. A 4603 m2 floor area building was used as the base building and EnergyPlus software was used as the simulation platform. 73 cities from 5 climate zones in the great China region were selected to study the effect of climatic condition diversity on the ground heat balance. Based on the ground heat flow ratios 73 cities were grouped into 5 categories with different GCHP applicability. This paper provided a strategic assessment method on GCHP applicability study.

The study uses the carbon dioxide emission calculation model published by IPCC to measure carbon dioxide emissions and fuel inputs of the three types of multimodal transport (road-sea, railway-sea, and river-sea) in ports of China. Then, we make a case study on Shanghai port. Combined with carbon taxes launched around 2012 in China, this paper calculates the carbon taxes on the three types of multimodal transport and makes a pairwise comparison between roadway/railway, roadway/waterway and waterway/railway. The results show that increasing the proportion of railway-sea transportation and river-sea transportation to a reasonable level will achieve great energy saving, emission reduction, and economic benefits. According to different transportation network features, this paper applies Cluster analysis to raise separately suggestions for long-term development of coastal container ports in China based on low-carbon thinking.

Solid-gas coupling effect of coal containing gas is studied in order to understand the gas percolation mechanism in coal and rock. On the premise of that porosity and permeability of coal and rock are in dynamic changes and Klinkenberg effect, then seepage mechanics and elastic-plastic mechanics are considered together to established solid-gas coupling model of coal containing gas. With the given fixed solution conditions and parameters, the simulation results of mathematical model is found by the Comsol Multiphysic finite element software. Simulation results are consistent with the stress-strain law, deformation and failure modes of specimen in the experiment. Seepage law obtained in numerical simulation has same trends with experimental data. The elastoplastic solid-gas coupling model of coal containing gas can effectively describe the mechanical percolation characteristics of coal containing gas.

Parametric analysis of ultimate loading capacity is performed by the finite element method considering the dual non-linear effects for inner concave cable-arch structure with different arch rise-span ratio. The results show that for the inner concave cable-arch structure with other given conditions, the failure loads of the steel arch and the cable increase with the increase arch rise-span ratio, but the increasing ratios are different. The failure modes of inner concave cable-arch structure may be divided into three types: the steel arch failure, the overall failure and the cable failure. According to the considered parameters range in this paper, the steel arch failure mode may occur when the arch rise-span ratio is less than 0.3; the overall failure mode may occur when the arch rise-span ratio is between 0.3 to 0.35; and the cable failure mode may occur when the arch rise-span ratio is greater than 0.35. This provides some useful references for rational design of such structures.

High level oil temperature is one of the most important factories for hydraulic system to breakdown. In order to improve ability of heat-radiation and control oil temperature within proper scope, new type oil tanks are required which are made up by plate-fin units. The analysis indicates that the new type oil tanks have a good natural ability of heat-radiation. To further enhance ability of heat-radiation, it should be fixed a fan in the bottom of the oil tanks, which can strengthen the ability of heat-radiation. With monitoring equipment, monitoring system can monitor the parameters of oil tanks in real time, and control the oil temperature within proper scope. Simulation experiments tell us some significant data.

Ultrasonic transducer is produced by piezoelectric materials, and it can detect some characteristics of a target media by transmitting a certain frequency of ultrasonic signals and receiving the signal containing information of the media. The special properties of piezoelectric ceramic determine that the ultrasonic transducer will have a widely used. This paper mainly studies the characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic, the parameters and equivalent circuit of the transducer performance, and the liquid concentration detection with the transducer.

Synthetic receptors for diols that incorporate boronic acid motifs have been developed as new sensors and separation tools. Utilizing the reversible interactions of diols with boronic acids to form boronic esters under new binding regimes has provided new hydrogel constructs that have found use as dye-displacement sensors and electrophoretic separation tools; similarly, molecular boronic-acid-containing chemosensors were constructed that offer applications in the sensing of diols. This review provides a somewhat-personal perspective of developments in boronic-acid-mediated sensing and separation, placed in the context of the seminal works of others in the area, as well as offering a concise summary of the contributions of the co-authors in the area.

Mouse somatic cells have been successfully reprogrammed into embryonic stem cell-like cells by enforced expression of defined transcription factors, and the reprogrammed cells are termed as induced pluripotent stem cells. Such cell reprogramming strategy is involved in gene transfection with retroviral, lentiviral, adenoviral and plasmid vectors. In addition, proteins and small molecules, synthetic modified mRNA and microRNA also have been used to efficiently generate mouse and human iPS. As a high efficient transposon, piggyBac has been used to generate induced pluripotent stem cells. In this study, piggyBac carrying four transcription factors called Oct4 , Sox2 , Klf4 and c-Myc has been employed to generate mouse induced pluripotent stem cells from murine embryonic fibroblasts, and the differentiation potential of the cells was assessed in vivo and in vitro . The reprogrammed cells showed positive staining for alkaline phosphatase and positive for OCT4, SSEA-1 and NANOG by immunofluorescent analyses. RT-PCR results showed that Oct4 , Sox2 , Klf4 and c-Myc was expressed in the reprogrammed cells. Immunofluorescent staining of AFP, BRACHYURY and NCAM1 indicated that the cells have the potential to differentiate spontaneously into all three germ layers in vitro . Teratomas formed after the cells subcutaneously injected into NOD-SCID mice. Chimeric blastocysts were developed when the cells were aggregated with mouse 8-cell embryos. These results suggested that mouse induced pluripotent stem cells can be generated from fibroblast cells by piggyBac transfection system. Such induced pluripotent stem cells are similar to mouse ES cells and have potential to differentiate into three germ layers in vitro and in vivo .

The antioxidant activities in the Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot wines from four wine grape-growing regions in China were measured by different analytical assays: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), superoxide radical-scavenging activity (SRSA) and the contents of total phenols, total flavonoids, total flavanols and total anthocyanins were determined. The results showed that the contents of phenolic compounds and the levels of antioxidant activity in the wine samples greatly varied with cultivar and environmental factors of vine growth. The contents of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities in Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot wines from the Yuquanying region of Ningxia were significantly higher than other three regions, followed by the wines from Shacheng region of Hebei, and these parameters were the lowest in Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot wines from the Changli regions of Hebei and Xiangning region of Shanxi. Taken together, a close relationship between phenolic subclasses and antioxidant activity was observed for the wine samples. Moreover, there were significant discrepancies in the individual phenolic composition and content of four regional Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot wines, among which the individual phenolic compounds (catechin, epicatechin, cinnamic acid, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, laricitrin-3-O-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside) revealed a significant correlation (p < 0.05) with the antioxidant capacity in present study, especially for catechin and epicatechin.

Intelligent control is essential for tower cranes because the safety and work efficiency of construction. Firstly, an intelligent control system using ARM MCU and its auxiliary equipments, human-machine interface and control strategy were designed for tower cranes to realize monitoring and trouble shooting. Secondly, a fuzzy PID controller was adopted for tower crane. In the end, the experiment was made to test the intelligent control system. The test results show that the intelligent control system can achieve the national standard on tower cranes; also, it can save time, increase work efficiency and provide other auxiliary functions; in addition, the fuzzy PID controller is superior to conventional PID in intelligent control for tower cranes; accordingly, the intelligent control system has a promising application in the tower cranes.

Based on a T-Hg(2+)-T binding mode, a sensitive ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for aqueous Hg(2+) was developed with a heptamethine cyanine chromophore containing a thymine moiety.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNA molecules that play an important role in the world of genes, especially in regulating the gene expression of target messenger RNAs through cleavage or translational repression of messenger RNA. Ab initio methods have become popular in computational miRNA detection. Most software tools are designed to distinguish miRNA precursors from pseudo-hairpins, but a few can mine miRNA from genome or expressed sequence tag sequences. We prepared novel testing datasets to measure and compare the performance of various software tools. Furthermore, we summarized the miRNA mining methods that study next-generation sequencing data for bioinformatics researchers who are analyzing these data. Because secondary structure is an important feature in the identification of miRNA, we analyzed the influence of various secondary structure prediction software tools on miRNA identification. MiPred was the most effective for classifying real-/pseudo-pre-miRNA sequences, and miRAbela performed relatively better for mining miRNA precursors from genome or expressed sequence tag sequences. RNA-fold performed better than m-fold for extracting secondary structure features of miRNA precursors.