Search

Your search keyword '"Archer, D."' showing total 2,221 results
Start Over Author "Archer, D."
2,221 results on '"Archer, D."'

251. Abstracts

Author

O’Callaghan, J. P., Williams, R. T., Cruise, C. J. E., Crago, R. R., Paluck, S. M., Carmichael, F. J., Shulman, D., Volgyesi, G., Brown, K., Lerman, J., England, S., Bryan, A. C., Wexler, H. R., Pikul, J., Thomas, T. C., Zornow, M. H., Scheller, M. S., Unger, R. J., Sosis, M., Heller, S., Maltby, J. R., Koehli, N., Ewen, A., Schaffer, E. A., Cramb, R. J., Fargas-Babjak, A., Diamond, M. J., Bailey, D., McPhee, A., Loper, K., Dorman, B., Ready, L. B., Hutchinson, A., Collman, P. I., Seal, R. F., Manning, G. T., Growe, G. H., Jenkins, L. C., Nathan, H. J., Harrison, M., Dubé, L., Sweet, J., Foster, C., Bourke, M., Cattran, C., Salle, G. de la, Robblee, J., Schwieger, I. M., Gallagher, C. J., Finlayson, D. C., Bryan, J. A., Daley, W., Skrobik, Y., Webster, R., Marquez-Julio, A., David, T., Cruise, C., Blaise, G. A., Lenis, S. G., Girard, D., Hollmann, C., Meloche, R., Ralley, F. E., Ramsay, J. R., Wynands, J. E., O’Connor, J. P., Bilodeau, J., O’Leary, G., Bimbaum, P., Weisel, R. D., Mullen, J. C., Young, P., Madonik, M., Ivanov, J., Teasdale, S. J., Burrows, F. A., Williams, W. G., Teoh, K. H., Edmonds, J., Belo, S., Mazer, C. D., Lim, G., Skinner, M. I., Rose, E. A., Knill, R. L., DeJesus, J. M., Robbins, G. R., Crosby, E. T., Miller, D. R., Hamilton, P. P., Badner, N. H., Nielson, W. R., Munk, S., Gelb, A. W., Smith, H., Yu, P. Y. H., Gambling, D. R., Cole, C., McMorland, G. H., Cheng, D. C. H., Chung, F., Burns, R. J., Feindel, C. M., Irish, C. X., Manninen, P. H., Wong, H., Kehler, C. H., Beattie, W. S., Fallen, E. L., Martin, R., McKenty, S., Tétrault, J. P., Russell, G. B., Snider, M. T., Loomis, J. L., Richard, R. B., Rutherford, T. M., McLeod, M. E., McEvedy, B. A. B., Kirpalani, H., Volgyesi, G. A., Vaghadia, H., Ford, R. W., Wong, D. T., Valley, R. D., Bissonnette, B., Flanagan, M. L., Fuller, J., Ross, P. L., Wolf, G. L., Simpson, J. I., McEllistrem, R., Schell, J., O’Matley, K., Cunningham, A. J., Berman, S., Rosenquist, R. W., Finucane, B. T., Bucyk, B., Carle, H. L., LeGatt, D., Finegan, B., Bigeleisen, P. E., Schisler, J. Q., Tateishi, A., Drummond, J. C., Fleischer, J. E., Shearman, G. T., Strong, H. A., Miyasaka, K., Sinclair, L., Moote, C. A., Lim, C., Code, W. E., Roth, S. H., Bland, B. H., Strunin, L., Lam, A., Nantau, W. E., Robertson, K. M., Hramiak, I. M., Elphinstone, M. G., Archer, D. P., Pappius, H. M., Bickler, P., Gregory, G. A., Severinghaus, J. W., Spintge, R., Droh, R., Chung, A., Taylor, A. E., Stone, R. M., Meier, H. M. R., Lautenschlaeger, E., Seyone, C., Devitt, J. H., McLean, R. F., Byrick, R. J., Mullen, J. B. M., Bell, R. S., Forbes, D., Kay, J. C., Swartz, J., Fear, D. W., Boylan, J. F., Carton, E., McDonald, N. J., Scarlett, W. P., Moriarty, J., Tessler, M. J., Biehl, D. R., Naughler, M. A., Liepert, D. J., Douglas, M. J., Kim, J. H. K., Ross, P. L. E., Oyston, J., Bell, S. D., Berman, R., Ensalada, L., Chan, V., Kirby, T. J., Sandler, A., Grant, R., Morgan, C., Page, M., Malm, D., Huckel, V., Jenkins, L., Salevsky, F. C., Whalley, D. G., O’Toole, D. P., Malviya, S., Benson, L., Johnston, A. E., Finegan, B. A., Clanachan, A. S., Buckley, D. N., Deguzman, C., Hewson, J. R., Forrest, J. B., Sharpe, M. D., Lam, A. M., Merchant, R., Irish, C. L., Murkin, J. M., Cleland, A., MacDonald, J. L., Mayer, R., Dobson, J. A. R., Davies, J. M., Hodgson, G. H., Tough, J., Cattran, C. B., Nolan, K., Allen, G., Erian, R. F., Donati, F., Bevan, D. R., VanDerSpek, A. F. L., Reynolds, P. I., Ashton-Miller, J. A., Stohler, C. J., Smith, C. E., Katz, J. M., Ruta, T. S., Mutch, W. A. C., Cole, D. J., Shapiro, H. M., Hagen, B. A., Labrecque, P., Tyler, J. L., Meyer, E., Casey, W. F., Trop, D., Farrar, J. K., Tweed, W. A., Meschino, A., Schwartz, M. L., Koch, J. P., Couper, J. L., Lombard, T. P., Arciszewski, S. A., Browne, R. A., Ashworth, E. J., Duke, P. C., Sitar, D. S., Benthuysen, J. L., Smith, N. T., Hall, R. I., Hug, C. C., Hudson, R. J., Bergstrom, R., Thomson, I. R., Sabourin, M. A., Rosenbloom, M. R., Chapman, K. R., Romanelli, J., Leenen, F. H. H., Broadman, L. M., Rice, L. J., Hannallah, R. S., Forbes, R. B., Croskey, K. L., Dull, D. L., Murray, D. J., Dillman, J. B., Murphy, K., Kaplan, R. F., Welborn, L. G., Fink, R., Sandhar, B. K., Goresky, G. V., Shaffer, E. A., Roy, W. L., Christensen, S. K., Farrow-Gillespie, A. C., Plante, J. M., Denault, P., Sloan, I. A., Koren, G., O’Callaghan, A. C., Goodman, A., Godfrey, S., Pudimat, M. A., Chong, C., Andrien, H. K., and Rose, D. K.

Published
1988
Full Text
View/download PDF

252. Abstracts

Author

Donat, F., Bevan, D. R., Baumgarten, R. K., Brown, J. L., Gyasi, H. K., Naguib, M., Adu-Gyamfi, Woodey, R., Morris, R., Graham, G., Torda, R., Hudson, R. J., Thomson, I. R., Cannon, J. E., Friesen, R. M., Meatherall, R. C., Chung, F., Evans, D., Stock, J., Sutherland, A. D., Coombs, R., Saunders, R., Savage, S., Jensen, L., Murphy, C., Murkin, J. M., Farrar, J. K., Tweed, W. A., Guiraudon, G., McKenzie, F. N., Tarn, S., Chung, F., Campbell, J. M., Harder, K. F., Fay, J., Shelley, E. S., Plourde, G., Hardy, J. F., MacDonald, A. I., Carle, H., Vincent, D., Legatt, D., Doyle, D. J., McCulloch, P., Milne, B., Newman, B., Lam, A. M., Cuillerier, D. J., Martin, R., Léna, P., Lamarche, Y., Black, R., Crawford, D., Froese, A. B., Butler, P., Brown, S. C., Lam, A. M., Manninen, P. H., Knill, R. L., Famewo, C. E., Naguib, M., Fleming, J., Walker, A., Lambert, T., Lah, F., Giles, W. R., Trudinger, B. J., Ahuja, B., Strunin, L., Chovaz, P. M., Sandier, A. N., Selby, D. G., Ilsley, A. H., Plummer, J., Runciman, W., Cousins, M., Ravussin, P., Archer, D., Meyer, E., Abou-Madi, M., Trop, D., Manninen, P., Ferguson, G., Blume, W., Cunningham, A. J., O’Higgins, N., McNicholas, W., Doolan, L. A., Williams, K. A., Barker, R. A., Moffitt, E. A., Imrie, D. D., Cousins, C. L., Sullivan, J. A., Kinley, C. E., Murphy, D. A., Moffitt, E. A., McIntyre, A. J., Glenn, J. J., Imrie, D. D., Cousins, C. L., Kinley, C. E., Sullivan, J. A., Murphy, D. A., James, P. D., Volgyesi, G. A., Burrows, F., Johnson, G., Loomis, C., Milne, B., Cervenko, F., Brunet, D., Fyman, P. N., Goodman, K., Hartung, J., Aaron, D., Ergin, A., Kowalski, S. E., Downs, A., Lye, C., Oppenheimer, L., Kozody, R., Duke, P. C., Wade, J. G., Kozody, R., Parrott, J., Duke, P. C., Wade, J. G., Kozody, R., Duke, P. C., Wade, J. G., Kozody, R., Parrott, J., Duke, P. C., Wade, J. G., Michoud, M. C., Amyot, R., St-Jean, S., Chapleau, D., Couture, J., Badgwell, J. M., Heavner, J. E., Cockings, E., Cooper, M. W., Maloney, L. L., Coombs, D. W., Yeager, M. P., Vanier, M., Vikis-Freiberg, V., Couture, J., Weston, G. A., Roth, S. H., James, P. D., Volgyesi, G. A., Burrows, F., Wolf, G. L., Capuano, C., Hartung, J., Selb, D. G., Ilsley, A., Runciman, W., Mather, L., Moote, C. A., Knill, R. L., Clement, J. L., Sutherland, T., Davies, J. M., Stock, J., Harpin, R. P., Wright, D. J., Hanna, M., Williams, R. T., Sutherland, T., Bradley, J. P., Marsland, A., Salkfield, I., Hardy, J. F., Girouard, G., Charest, J., Brown, M. J., Dollery, C. T., Desjardins, R., Gelb, A. W., Shokunbi, T., Floyd, P., Mervart, M., Peerless, S. J., Prideaux, P. R., Crankshaw, D. P., and Morgan, D. J.

Published
1985
Full Text
View/download PDF

259. Proceedings of the 13Th Annual Meeting of the Irish Endocrine Society: Beaumont Hospital, Dublin; October 14th and 15th, 1988

Author

Ruane, B. J., Corderoy, F. E., Turkington, E., Burke, E. J., McAleer, B., McElhinney, K., Williams, J. R., Varma, M. P. S., McCance, D. R., Hadden, D. R., Atkinson, A. B., Archer, D. B., Kennedy, L., Gilmore, J., Allen, J. A., Hayes, J. R., McKnight, J. A., Roberts, G., Sheridan, B., Cronin, C., Igoe, D., Duffy, J., Cunningham, S. K., McKenna, T. J., Whitehead, H., Fitzpatrick, S. C., Dunne, Fidelma P. M., Ferriss, J. B., Murphy, D., Perry, I., Moran, T., Hetherton, A. M., Smith, D. F., Smyth, P. P. A., Beacom, R., O'Connell, Yvonne, Byrne, B., Cunningham, S., Conroy, R., Corbally, N., Tipton, K., Powell, D., Cooper, T. K., Traub, A. I., Cremin, M., Nelson, J., McGivern, M., Murphy, R. F., Owens, D., Johnson, A., Collins, P., Tomkin, G., Leslie, Hilary, Jarema, Wendy, McCabe, Mary, and Culliton, Marie

Published
1989
Full Text
View/download PDF

261. Possible Detection of Nitrates on Mars by the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument

Author

Navarro-Gonzalez, Rafael, Stern, J., Sutter, B., Archer, D., Mcadam, Amy, Franz, H., Mckay, C., Coll, Patrice, Cabane, Michel, Ming, D., Raulin, François, Brunner, A., Glavin, Daniel, Eigenbrode, J., Jones, J., Freissinet, Caroline, Leshin, L., Wong, M., Atreya, S., Wray, J., Steele, A., Buch, A., Prats, B.D., Szopa, Cyril, Coscia, David, Teinturier, Samuel, Conrad, P., Mahaffy, Paul, Martín-Torres, F., Zorzano-Mier, M. P., Grotzinger, J. P., Laboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios [Mexico], Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Jacobs Technology ESCG, NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux - EA 4038 (LGPM), CentraleSupélec, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IMPEC - LATMOS, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Buch, Arnaud, and Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)

Subjects
[SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology
Abstract

International audience; Introduction: Planetary models suggest that nitrogen was abundant in the early Martian atmosphere as dinitrogen (N 2). However, it has been lost by sputtering and photochemical loss to space [1, 2], impact erosion [3], and chemical oxidation to nitrates [4]. Nitrates , produced early in Mars' history, are later decomposed back into N 2 by the current impact flux [5], making possible a nitrogen cycle on Mars. It is estimated that a layer of about 3 m of pure NaNO 3 should be distributed globally on Mars [5]. Nitrates are a fundamental source for nitrogen to terrestrial microorganisms. Therefore, the detection of soil nitrates is important to assess habitability in the Martian environment. The only previous mission that was designed to search for soil nitrates was the Phoenix mission but was unable to detect evolved N-containing species by TEGA and the MECA WCL [6]. Nitrates have been tentatively identified in the Nakhla meteorite [7]. The purpose of this work is to determine if nitrates were detected in first solid sample (Rocknest) in Gale Crater examined by the SAM instrument. Materials and Methods: Samples collected from Rocknest, located in Gale Crater, which consists of an inactive, sandy wind drift mantled with dust, were analyzed by the SAM instrument. Prior to sample analysis, a blank was run using an empty quartz cup to characterize the background of the SAM instrument. The quartz cup was sealed inside the pyrolysis oven and heated to ~840°C at a rate of 35°C/min under a He carrier gas flow rate of 1.5 cm 3 /min and at an oven pressure of ~30 mbar. A small fraction of the gas released from the cup was measured directly by electron impact quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS mass range 2-535 Da, resolution 0.1 Da). Then four samples of Rocknest bedform materials < 150 μm diameter size fraction (~20 mg) were examined by SAM. A thermal analyzer (Netzsch STA 449 F1 Jupiter Simultaneous TG/DSC) coupled to a mass spectrometer (Netzsch QMS 403 C Aeolos) was used in the laboratory to heat samples upto 1200°C at a rate of 20°C/min under a He

Published
2013

262. Double - and Relay - Cropping Oilseed and Biomass Crops for Sustainable Energy Production

Author

Gesch, R., Berti, M., Johnson, B., Aponte, A., Ji, Y., Seames, W., and Archer, D.

Subjects
Biomass
Abstract

Double-and relay-cropping offers a means to produce a biofuel and food or forage crop in a single season on the same land without sacrificing food security, while potentially boosting profits. Field studies were conducted between 2009 and 2012 in Morris, Minnesota (MN) and Prosper and Carrington, North Dakota (ND) to evaluate double-cropping and relay-cropping (inter-seeding) of soybean (Glycine max L.), maize (Zea mays L.), and forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) following winter camelina (Camelina sativa L.) as a dedicated oilseed biofuel feedstock. Results showed that winter camelina consistently yielded about 1100 to 1300 kg ha-1 of seed in MN and as high as >1700 kg ha-1 in ND. Relayed soybean and forage sorghum inter-seeded between camelina rows prior to bolting generally outperformed sequential double-crop treatments with soybean seed yields as high as >2700 kg ha-1 and sorghum dry biomass yields as high as 16 Mg ha-1 . Combined seed oil yields of double-and relay-cropped camelina and soybean were greater than either species grown in mono-culture yielding as high as about 1200 L ha-1 . Double-and relay-cropping sorghum and soybean with winter camelina to produce bioenergy and food/feed in a single season is a viable system for the northern U.S., Proceedings of the 21st European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 3-7 June 2013, Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 372-377

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

263. Curiosity at Gale Crater, Mars: Characterization and analysis of the rocknest sand shadow

Author

Blake, D. F., Morris, R. V., Kocurek, G., Morrison, S. M., Downs, R. T., Bish, D., Ming, D. W., Edgett, K. S., Rubin, D., Goetz, W., Madsen, M. B., Sullivan, R., Gellert, R., Campbell, I., Treiman, A. H., McLennan, S. M., Yen, A. S., Grotzinger, J., Vaniman, D. T., Chipera, S. J., Achilles, C. N., Rampe, E. B., Sumner, D., Meslin, P.- Y., Maurice, S., Forni, O., Gasnault, O., Fisk, M., Schmidt, M., Mahaffy, P., Leshin, L. A., Glavin, D., Steele, A., Freissinet, C., Navarro-Gonzalez, R., Yingst, R. A., Kah, L. C., Bridges, N., Lewis, K. W., Bristow, T. F., Farmer, J. D., Crisp, J. A., Stolper, E. M., Des Marais, D. J., Sarrazin, P., Agard, C., Alves Verdasca, J. A., Anderson, R., Archer, D., Armiens-Aparicio, C., Arvidson, R., Atlaskin, E., Atreya, S., Aubrey, A., Baker, B., Baker, M., Balic-Zunic, T., Baratoux, D., Baroukh, J., Barraclough, B., Bean, K., Beegle, L., Behar, A., Bell, J., Bender, S., Benna, M., Bentz, J., Berger, G., Berger, J., Berman, D., Blanco Avalos, J. J., Blaney, D., Blank, J., Blau, H., Bleacher, L., Boehm, E., Botta, O., Bottcher, S., Boucher, T., Bower, H., Boyd, N., Boynton, B., Breves, E., Bridges, J., Brinckerhoff, W., Brinza, D., Brunet, C., Brunner, A., Brunner, W., Buch, A., Bullock, M., Burmeister, S., Cabane, M., Calef, F., Cameron, J., Cantor, B., Caplinger, M., Rodriguez, J. C., Carmosino, M., Blazquez, I. C., Charpentier, A., Choi, D., Clark, B., Clegg, S., Cleghorn, T., Cloutis, E., Cody, G., Coll, P., Conrad, P., Coscia, D., Cousin, A., Cremers, D., Cros, A., Cucinotta, F., d'Uston, C., Davis, S., Day, M., Juarez, M. d. l. T., DeFlores, L., DeLapp, D., DeMarines, J., Dietrich, W., Dingler, R., Donny, C., Drake, D., Dromart, G., Dupont, A., Duston, B., Dworkin, J., Dyar, M. D., Edgar, L., Edwards, C., Edwards, L., Ehlmann, B., Ehresmann, B., Eigenbrode, J., Elliott, B., Elliott, H., Ewing, R., Fabre, C., Fairen, A., Farley, K., Fassett, C., Favot, L., Fay, D., Fedosov, F., Feldman, J., Feldman, S., Fitzgibbon, M., Flesch, G., Floyd, M., Fluckiger, L., Fraeman, A., Francis, R., Francois, P., Franz, H., French, K. L., Frydenvang, J., Gaboriaud, A., Gailhanou, M., Garvin, J., Geffroy, C., Genzer, M., Godber, A., Goesmann, F., Golovin, D., Gomez, F. G., Gomez-Elvira, J., Gondet, B., Gordon, S., Gorevan, S., Grant, J., Griffes, J., Grinspoon, D., Guillemot, P., Guo, J., Gupta, S., Guzewich, S., Haberle, R., Halleaux, D., Hallet, B., Hamilton, V., Hardgrove, C., Harker, D., Harpold, D., Harri, A.-M., Harshman, K., Hassler, D., Haukka, H., Hayes, A., Herkenhoff, K., Herrera, P., Hettrich, S., Heydari, E., Hipkin, V., Hoehler, T., Hollingsworth, J., Hudgins, J., Huntress, W., Hurowitz, J., Hviid, S., Iagnemma, K., Indyk, S., Israel, G., Jackson, R., Jacob, S., Jakosky, B., Jensen, E., Jensen, J. K., Johnson, J., Johnson, M., Johnstone, S., Jones, A., Jones, J., Joseph, J., Jun, I., Kahanpaa, H., Kahre, M., Karpushkina, N., Kasprzak, W., Kauhanen, J., Keely, L., Kemppinen, O., Keymeulen, D., Kim, M.-H., Kinch, K., King, P., Kirkland, L., Koefoed, A., Kohler, J., Kortmann, O., Kozyrev, A., Krezoski, J., Krysak, D., Kuzmin, R., Lacour, J. L., Lafaille, V., Langevin, Y., Lanza, N., Lasue, J., Le Mouelic, S., Lee, E. M., Lee, Q.-M., Lees, D., Lefavor, M., Lemmon, M., Lepinette Malvitte, A., Leveille, R., Lewin-Carpintier, E., Li, S., Lipkaman, L., Little, C., Litvak, M., Lorigny, E., Lugmair, G., Lundberg, A., Lyness, E., Maki, J., Malakhov, A., Malespin, C., Malin, M., Mangold, N., Manning, H., Marchand, G., Marin Jimenez, M., Martin Garcia, C., Martin, D., Martin, M., Martinez-Frias, J., Martin-Soler, J., Martin-Torres, F. J., Mauchien, P., McAdam, A., McCartney, E., McConnochie, T., McCullough, E., McEwan, I., McKay, C., McNair, S., Melikechi, N., Meyer, M., Mezzacappa, A., Miller, H., Miller, K., Milliken, R., Minitti, M., Mischna, M., Mitrofanov, I., Moersch, J., Mokrousov, M., Molina Jurado, A., Moores, J., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Morookian, J. M., Mueller-Mellin, R., Muller, J.-P., Munoz Caro, G., Nachon, M., Navarro Lopez, S., Nealson, K., Nefian, A., Nelson, T., Newcombe, M., Newman, C., Newsom, H., Nikiforov, S., Niles, P., Nixon, B., Dobrea, E. N., Nolan, T., Oehler, D., Ollila, A., Olson, T., Owen, T., Pablo, H., Paillet, A., Pallier, E., Palucis, M., Parker, T., Parot, Y., Patel, K., Paton, M., Paulsen, G., Pavlov, A., Pavri, B., Peinado-Gonzalez, V., Pepin, R., Peret, L., Perez, R., Perrett, G., Peterson, J., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P., Pla-Garcia, J., Plante, I., Poitrasson, F., Polkko, J., Popa, R., Posiolova, L., Pradler, I., Prats, B., Prokhorov, V., Purdy, S. W., Raaen, E., Radziemski, L., Rafkin, S., Ramos, M., Raulin, F., Ravine, M., Reitz, G., Renno, N., Rice, M., Richardson, M., Robert, F., Rodriguez Manfredi, J. A., Romeral-Planello, J. J., Rowland, S., Saccoccio, M., Salamon, A., Sandoval, J., Sanin, A., Sans Fuentes, S. A., Saper, L., Sautter, V., Savijarvi, H., Schieber, J., Schmidt, W., Scholes, D., Schoppers, M., Schroder, S., Sebastian Martinez, E., Sengstacken, A., Shterts, R., Siebach, K., Siili, T., Simmonds, J., Sirven, J.-B., Slavney, S., Sletten, R., Smith, M., Sobron Sanchez, P., Spanovich, N., Spray, J., Squyres, S., Stack, K., Stalport, F., Stein, T., Stern, J., Stewart, N., Stipp, S. L. S., Stoiber, K., Sucharski, B., Summons, R., Sun, V., Supulver, K., Sutter, B., Szopa, C., Tate, C., Teinturier, S., ten Kate, I. L., Thomas, P., Thompson, L., Tokar, R., Toplis, M., Torres Redondo, J., Trainer, M., Tretyakov, V., Urqui-O'Callaghan, R., Van Beek, J., Van Beek, T., VanBommel, S., Varenikov, A., Vasavada, A., Vasconcelos, P., Vicenzi, E., Vostrukhin, A., Voytek, M., Wadhwa, M., Ward, J., Webster, C., Weigle, E., Wellington, D., Westall, F., Wiens, R. C., Wilhelm, M. B., Williams, A., Williams, J., Williams, R., Williams, R. B., Wilson, M., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R., Wolff, M., Wong, M., Wray, J., Wu, M., Yana, C., Zeitlin, C., Zimdar, R., Zorzano Mier, M.-P., GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Department of Geological Sciences [Austin], Jackson School of Geosciences (JSG), University of Texas at Austin [Austin]-University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Department of Geology [Tucson], University of Arizona, Department of Geological Sciences [Bloomington], Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System-Indiana University System, Malin Space Science Systems (MSSS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, and Petrology

Subjects
Basalt, Meridiani Planum, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Curiosity rover, Geochemistry, Mars, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mars Exploration Program, Exploration of Mars, 01 natural sciences, Astrobiology, Impact crater, 13. Climate action, MSL Mars Gale Crater Rocknest, Rocknest, 0103 physical sciences, Sample Analysis at Mars, Aeolian processes, MSL, Rocknest aeolian deposit, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The Rocknest aeolian deposit is similar to aeolian features analyzed by the Mars Exploration Rovers (MERs) Spirit and Opportunity. The fraction of sand

Published
2013

264. X-ray diffraction results from mars science laboratory: Mineralogy of rocknest at Gale crater

Author

Bish, D. L., Blake, D. F., Vaniman, D. T., Chipera, S. J., Morris, R. V., Ming, D. W., Treiman, A. H., Sarrazin, P., Morrison, S. M., Downs, R. T., Achilles, C. N., Yen, A. S., Bristow, T. F., Crisp, J. A., Morookian, J. M., Farmer, J. D., Rampe, E. B., Stolper, E. M., Spanovich, N., Achilles, C., Agard, C., Verdasca, J. A. A., Anderson, R., Archer, D., Armiens-Aparicio, C., Arvidson, R., Atlaskin, E., Atreya, S., Aubrey, A., Baker, B., Baker, M., Balic-Zunic, T., Baratoux, D., Baroukh, J., Barraclough, B., Bean, K., Beegle, L., Behar, A., Bell, J., Bender, S., Benna, M., Bentz, J., Berger, G., Berger, J., Berman, D., Bish, D., Avalos, J. J. B., Blaney, D., Blank, J., Blau, H., Bleacher, L., Boehm, E., Botta, O., Bottcher, S., Boucher, T., Bower, H., Boyd, N., Boynton, B., Breves, E., Bridges, J., Bridges, N., Brinckerhoff, W., Brinza, D., Bristow, T., Brunet, C., Brunner, A., Brunner, W., Buch, A., Bullock, M., Burmeister, S., Cabane, M., Calef, F., Cameron, J., Campbell, J. I., Cantor, B., Caplinger, M., Rodriguez, J. C., Carmosino, M., Blazquez, I. C., Charpentier, A., Chipera, S., Choi, D., Clark, B., Clegg, S., Cleghorn, T., Cloutis, E., Cody, G., Coll, P., Conrad, P., Coscia, D., Cousin, A., Cremers, D., Crisp, J., Cros, A., Cucinotta, F., d'Uston, C., Davis, S., Day, M. K., Juarez, M. d. l. T., DeFlores, L., DeLapp, D., DeMarines, J., DesMarais, D., Dietrich, W., Dingler, R., Donny, C., Downs, B., Drake, D., Dromart, G., Dupont, A., Duston, B., Dworkin, J., Dyar, M. D., Edgar, L., Edgett, K., Edwards, C., Edwards, L., Ehlmann, B., Ehresmann, B., Eigenbrode, J., Elliott, B., Elliott, H., Ewing, R., Fabre, C., Fairen, A., Farley, K., Farmer, J., Fassett, C., Favot, L., Fay, D., Fedosov, F., Feldman, J., Feldman, S., Fisk, M., Fitzgibbon, M., Flesch, G., Floyd, M., Fluckiger, L., Forni, O., Fraeman, A., Francis, R., Francois, P., Franz, H., Freissinet, C., French, K. L., Frydenvang, J., Gaboriaud, A., Gailhanou, M., Garvin, J., Gasnault, O., Geffroy, C., Gellert, R., Genzer, M., Glavin, D., Godber, A., Goesmann, F., Goetz, W., Golovin, D., Gomez, F. G., Gomez-Elvira, J., Gondet, B., Gordon, S., Gorevan, S., Grant, J., Griffes, J., Grinspoon, D., Grotzinger, J., Guillemot, P., Guo, J., Gupta, S., Guzewich, S., Haberle, R., Halleaux, D., Hallet, B., Hamilton, V., Hardgrove, C., Harker, D., Harpold, D., Harri, A.-M., Harshman, K., Hassler, D., Haukka, H., Hayes, A., Herkenhoff, K., Herrera, P., Hettrich, S., Heydari, E., Hipkin, V., Hoehler, T., Hollingsworth, J., Hudgins, J., Huntress, W., Hurowitz, J., Hviid, S., Iagnemma, K., Indyk, S., Israel, G., Jackson, R., Jacob, S., Jakosky, B., Jensen, E., Jensen, J. K., Johnson, J., Johnson, M., Johnstone, S., Jones, A., Jones, J., Joseph, J., Jun, I., Kah, L., Kahanpaa, H., Kahre, M., Karpushkina, N., Kasprzak, W., Kauhanen, J., Keely, L., Kemppinen, O., Keymeulen, D., Kim, M.-H., Kinch, K., King, P., Kirkland, L., Kocurek, G., Koefoed, A., Kohler, J., Kortmann, O., Kozyrev, A., Krezoski, J., Krysak, D., Kuzmin, R., Lacour, J. L., Lafaille, V., Langevin, Y., Lanza, N., Lasue, J., Le Mouelic, S., Lee, E. M., Lee, Q.-M., Lees, D., Lefavor, M., Lemmon, M., Malvitte, A. L., Leshin, L., Leveille, R., Lewin-Carpintier, E., Lewis, K., Li, S., Lipkaman, L., Little, C., Litvak, M., Lorigny, E., Lugmair, G., Lundberg, A., Lyness, E., Madsen, M., Mahaffy, P., Maki, J., Malakhov, A., Malespin, C., Malin, M., Mangold, N., Manhes, G., Manning, H., Marchand, G., Jimenez, M. M., Garcia, C. M., Martin, D., Martin, M., Martinez-Frias, J., Martin-Soler, J., Martin-Torres, F. J., Mauchien, P., Maurice, S., McAdam, A., McCartney, E., McConnochie, T., McCullough, E., McEwan, I., McKay, C., McLennan, S., McNair, S., Melikechi, N., Meslin, P.-Y., Meyer, M., Mezzacappa, A., Miller, H., Miller, K., Milliken, R., Ming, D., Minitti, M., Mischna, M., Mitrofanov, I., Moersch, J., Mokrousov, M., Jurado, A. M., Moores, J., Mora-Sotomayor, L., Morris, R., Morrison, S., Mueller-Mellin, R., Muller, J.-P., Caro, G. M., Nachon, M., Lopez, S. N., Navarro-Gonzalez, R., Nealson, K., Nefian, A., Nelson, T., Newcombe, M., Newman, C., Newsom, H., Nikiforov, S., Niles, P., Nixon, B., Dobrea, E. N., Nolan, T., Oehler, D., Ollila, A., Olson, T., Owen, T., Hernandez, M. A. d. P., Paillet, A., Pallier, E., Palucis, M., Parker, T., Parot, Y., Patel, K., Paton, M., Paulsen, G., Pavlov, A., Pavri, B., Peinado-Gonzalez, V., Pepin, R., Peret, L., Perez, R., Perrett, G., Peterson, J., Pilorget, C., Pinet, P., Pla-Garcia, J., Plante, I., Poitrasson, F., Polkko, J., Popa, R., Posiolova, L., Posner, A., Pradler, I., Prats, B., Prokhorov, V., Purdy, S. W., Raaen, E., Radziemski, L., Rafkin, S., Ramos, M., Rampe, E., Raulin, F., Ravine, M., Reitz, G., Renno, N., Rice, M., Richardson, M., Robert, F., Robertson, K., Manfredi, J. A. R., Romeral-Planello, J. J., Rowland, S., Rubin, D., Saccoccio, M., Salamon, A., Sandoval, J., Sanin, A., Fuentes, S. A. S., Saper, L., Sautter, V., Savijarvi, H., Schieber, J., Schmidt, M., Schmidt, W., Scholes, D. D., Schoppers, M., Schroder, S., Schwenzer, S., Martinez, E. S., Sengstacken, A., Shterts, R., Siebach, K., Siili, T., Simmonds, J., Sirven, J.-B., Slavney, S., Sletten, R., Smith, M., Sanchez, P. S., Spray, J., Squyres, S., Stack, K., Stalport, F., Steele, A., Stein, T., Stern, J., Stewart, N., Stipp, S. L. S., Stoiber, K., Stolper, E., Sucharski, B., Sullivan, R., Summons, R., Sumner, D., Sun, V., Supulver, K., Sutter, B., Szopa, C., Tan, F., Tate, C., Teinturier, S., ten Kate, I., Thomas, P., Thompson, L., Tokar, R., Toplis, M., Redondo, J. T., Trainer, M., Treiman, A., Tretyakov, V., Urqui-O'Callaghan, R., Van Beek, J., Van Beek, T., VanBommel, S., Vaniman, D., Varenikov, A., Vasavada, A., Vasconcelos, P., Vicenzi, E., Vostrukhin, A., Voytek, M., Wadhwa, M., Ward, J., Webster, C., Weigle, E., Wellington, D., Westall, F., Wiens, R. C., Wilhelm, M. B., Williams, A., Williams, J., Williams, R., Williams, R. B. M., Wilson, M., Wimmer-Schweingruber, R., Wolff, M., Wong, M., Wray, J., Wu, M., Yana, C., Yen, A., Yingst, A., Zeitlin, C., Zimdar, R., Mier, M.-P. Z., GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NWO-NSO: The role of perchlorates in the preservation of organic compounds on Mars, and Petrology

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Water on Mars, Curiosity rover, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Mineralogy, Mars, Mars Exploration Program, Martian soil, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, MSL Mars X-ray Diffraction Mineralogy Rocknest Gale Crater, Meteorite, Impact crater, 13. Climate action, Rocknest, 0103 physical sciences, Pigeonite, engineering, Composition of Mars, MSL, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, mineralogy of Rocknest at Gale crater
Abstract

The Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity scooped samples of soil from the Rocknest aeolian bedform in Gale crater. Analysis of the soil with the Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) x-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument revealed plagioclase (~An57), forsteritic olivine (~Fo62), augite, and pigeonite, with minor K-feldspar, magnetite, quartz, anhydrite, hematite, and ilmenite. The minor phases are present at, or near, detection limits. The soil also contains 27 ± 14 weight percent x-ray amorphous material, likely containing multiple Fe 3+ - and volatile-bearing phases, including possibly a substance resembling hisingerite. The crystalline component is similar to the normative mineralogy of certain basaltic rocks from Gusev crater on Mars and of martian basaltic meteorites. The amorphous component is similar to that found on Earth in places such as soils on the Mauna Kea volcano, Hawaii.

Published
2013

265. Investigating the Origin of Chlorohydrocarbons Detected by the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument at Rocknest

Author

Glavin, Daniel, Archer, D., Brunner, A., Buch, A., Cabane, Michel, Coll, Patrice, Conrad, P., Coscia, David, Dworkin, J., Eigenbrode, Jennifer, Freissinet, Caroline, Mahaffy, Paul, Martin, M., Mckay, C., Miller, K., Ming, D., Navarro-González, R., Steele, A., Summons, R., Sutter, B., Szopa, Cyril, Teinturier, Samuel, Buch, Arnaud, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), NASA, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux - EA 4038 (LGPM), CentraleSupélec, IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Catholic University of America, NASA Ames Research Center (ARC), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science (ARES), NASA-NASA, Laboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios [Mexico], Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares [Mexico], Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Jacobs Technology ESCG, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM)-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), and Carnegie Institution for Science

Subjects
[SDU.STU.PL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, [SDU.ASTR.IM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [SDU.STU.PL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Planetology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]
Abstract

International audience

Published
2013

266. Carbon and other biogeochemical cycles

Author

Ciais, P., Sabine, C., Bala, G., Bopp, L., Brovkin, V., Canadell, J., Chhabra, A., DeFries, R., Galloway, J., Heimann, M., Jones, C., Le Quéré, C., Mynen, R., Piao, S., Thornton, P., Ahlström, A., Anav, A., Andrews, O., Archer, D., Arora, V., Bonan, G., Borges, A., Bousquet, P., Bouwman, L., Bruhwiler, L., Caldeira, K., Cao, L., Chappellaz, J., Chevallier, F., Cleveland, C., Cox, P., Dentener, F., Doney, S., Erisman, J., Euskirchen, E., Friedlingstein, P., Gruber, N., Gurney, K., Holland, E., Hopwood, B., Houghton, R., House, J., Houweling, S., Hunter, S., Hurtt, G., Jacobson, A., Jain, A., Joos, F., Jungclaus, J., Kaplan, J., Kato, E., Keeling, R., Khatiwala, S., Kirschke, S., Goldewijk, K., Kloster, S., Koven, C., Kroeze, C., Lamarque, J., Lassey, K., Law, R., Lenton, A., Lomas, M., Luo, Y., Maki, T., Marland, G., Matthews, H., Mayorga, E., Melton, J., Metzl, N., Munhoven, G., Niwa), Y., Norby, R., O’Connor, F., Orr, J., Park, G., Patra, P., Peregon, A., Peters, W., Peylin, P., Piper, S., Pongratz, J., Poulter, B., Raymond, P., Rayner, P., Ridgwell, A., Ringeval, B., Rödenbeck, C., Saunois, M., Schmittner, A., Schuur, E., Sitch, S., Spahni, R., Stocker, B., Takahashi, T., Thompson, R., Tjiputra, J., van der Werf, G., van Vuuren, D., Voulgarakis, A., Wania, R., Zaehle, S., and Zeng, N.

Published
2013

267. Idiopathic eosinophilic colitis lesions of the equine small (descending) colon.

Author

de Bont, M. P., Malbon, A. J., Blundell, R., and Archer, D. C.

Subjects
HORSE diseases, COLON diseases, TISSUE wounds, EDEMA, EUTHANASIA
Abstract

Summary: Five horses with a primary surgical lesion of the small (descending) colon were diagnosed with eosinophilic colitis based on visual and histopathological examination. These were evident as visibly striking, hyperaemic, focal lesions of the small colon, with serosal petechiation, oedema and marked thickening of the intestinal wall at the site. Areas of focal necrosis were also evident. The gross appearance of the lesions were considered to be sufficiently severe in all cases to merit resection, due to concerns about intestinal necrosis and septic peritonitis. An inability to fully exteriorise the affected portion of intestine to perform a resection and anastomosis necessitated intraoperative euthanasia of one horse. A total of three horses survived to hospital discharge. Eosinophilic colitis lesions are a rare cause of severe small colon disease, but should be considered in cases with similar visual characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

268. Characterising flash flood response to intense rainfall and impacts using historical information and gauged data in Britain.

Author

Archer, D. R. and Fowler, H. J.

Subjects
FLOODS, RAINFALL, CLIMATOLOGY, RIVERS, BRITISH history
Abstract

Abstract: We analyse chronologies of historical flash floods derived from searches of newspaper archives and other sources commencing before 1800 and recent gauged rainfall and stream flow data. Five key examples are chosen to illustrate specific features of flash floods. Pluvial flash floods arise from rainfall before it reaches a watercourse and may cause severe flooding of land and properties far from rivers. River flash floods, like pluvial floods, have the characteristic of rapid speed of response, a principal source of risk to life. Intense rainfall can generate ‘walls of water’ in river courses which can propagate long distances downstream and steepen, without upstream structural failure. Steeply rising wavefronts more commonly occur on steep upland catchments but, where intensities of extreme short period rainfall are sufficient, such wavefronts can also occur on lowland catchments. A definition of flash floods from intense rainfall, relevant to British landscape and climate, is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

269. Naturally occurring structural isomers in serum IgA1 o-glycosylation

Author

Kazuo Takahashi, Jiri Mestecky, Jan Novak, Matthew B. Renfrow, Archer D. Smith, Knud Poulsen, Bruce A. Julian, and Mogens Kilian

Subjects
Immunoglobulin A, Models, Molecular, Glycosylation, Stereochemistry, Myeloma protein, Molecular Sequence Data, Context (language use), Biochemistry, Epitope, Mass Spectrometry, Article, chemistry.chemical_compound, fluids and secretions, stomatognathic system, Isomerism, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Peptide sequence, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Glycopeptides, General Chemistry, Amino acid, carbohydrates (lipids), Myeloma Proteins, chemistry, biology.protein, Antibody, Multiple Myeloma
Abstract

IgA is the most abundantly produced antibody and plays an important role in the mucosal immune system. Human IgA is represented by two isotypes, IgA1 and IgA2. The major structural difference between these two subclasses is the presence of nine potential sites of O-glycosylation in the hinge region between the first and second constant region domains of the heavy chain. Thr(225), Thr(228), Ser(230), Ser(232) and Thr(236) have been identified as the predominant sites of O-glycan attachment. The range and distribution of O-glycan chains at each site within the context of adjacent sites in this clustered region create a complex heterogeneity of surface epitopes that is incompletely defined. We previously described the analysis of IgA1 O-glycan heterogeneity by use of high resolution LC-MS and electron capture dissociation tandem MS to unambiguously localize all amino acid attachment sites in IgA1 (Ale) myeloma protein. Here, we report the identification and elucidation of IgA1 O-glycopeptide structural isomers that occur based on amino acid position of the attached glycans (positional isomers) and the structure of the O-glycan chains at individual sites (glycan isomers). These isomers are present in a model IgA1 (Mce1) myeloma protein and occur naturally in normal human serum IgA1. Variable O-glycan chains attached to Ser(230), Thr(233) or Thr(236) produce the predominant positional isomers, including O-glycans composed of a single GalNAc residue. These findings represent the first definitive identification of structural isomeric IgA1 O-glycoforms, define the single-site heterogeneity for all O-glycan sites in a single sample, and have implications for defining epitopes based on clustered O-glycan variability.

Published
2011

270. Autophosphorylation in the Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) GTPase Domain Modifies Kinase and GTP-Binding Activities

Author

James A. Mobley, Matthew B. Renfrow, Andrew B. West, Philip J. Webber, Archer D. Smith, and Sercan Sen

Subjects
MAP kinase kinase kinase, Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, Autophosphorylation, Mice, Transgenic, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Biology, Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2, Mass Spectrometry, Article, GTP Phosphohydrolases, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Mice, HEK293 Cells, Biochemistry, Structural Biology, Casein kinase 2, alpha 1, biology.protein, Animals, Humans, Cyclin-dependent kinase 9, Phosphorylation, Kinase activity, Molecular Biology, MAPK14
Abstract

The leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) protein has both guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) and kinase activities, and mutation in either enzymatic domain can cause late-onset Parkinson disease. Nucleotide binding in the GTPase domain may be required for kinase activity, and residues in the GTPase domain are potential sites for autophosphorylation, suggesting a complex mechanism of intrinsic regulation. To further define the effects of LRRK2 autophosphorylation, we applied a technique optimal for detection of protein phosphorylation, electron transfer dissociation, and identified autophosphorylation events exclusively nearby the nucleotide binding pocket in the GTPase domain. Parkinson-disease-linked mutations alter kinase activity but did not alter autophosphorylation site specificity or sites of phosphorylation in a robust in vitro substrate myelin basic protein. Amino acid substitutions in the GTPase domain have large effects on kinase activity, as insertion of the GTPase-associated R1441C pathogenic mutation together with the G2019S kinase domain mutation resulted in a multiplicative increase (∼7-fold) in activity. Removal of a conserved autophosphorylation site (T1503) by mutation to an alanine residue resulted in greatly decreased GTP-binding and kinase activities. While autophosphorylation likely serves to potentiate kinase activity, we find that oligomerization and loss of the active dimer species occur in an ATP- and autophosphorylation-independent manner. LRRK2 autophosphorylation sites are overall robustly protected from dephosphorylation in vitro, suggesting tight control over activity in vivo. We developed highly specific antibodies targeting pT1503 but failed to detect endogenous autophosphorylation in protein derived from transgenic mice and cell lines. LRRK2 activity in vivo is unlikely to be constitutive but rather refined to specific responses.

Published
2011

272. Regulation of Histone H2A and H2B Deubiquitination and Xenopus Development by USP12 and USP46*

Author

Mahesh B. Chandrasekharan, Zu-Wen Sun, Yanming Wang, Hengbin Wang, Matthew B. Renfrow, Chenbei Chang, Chunying Yang, Archer D. Smith, Zhuo Zhang, Ling Zhai, Heui Yun Joo, and Amada Jones

Subjects
animal structures, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Biology, SAP30, Xenopus Proteins, Biochemistry, Histones, Mesoderm, Gene Knockout Techniques, Xenopus laevis, Histone H1, Histone H2A, Endopeptidases, Histone code, Animals, Humans, Gene Regulation, Molecular Biology, Histone ubiquitination, Histone deacetylase 2, Ubiquitination, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Cell Biology, Gastrula, Molecular biology, Chromatin, Cell biology, Nucleosomes, Histone deubiquitination, Histone methyltransferase, embryonic structures, Ubiquitin Thiolesterase, HeLa Cells
Abstract

Post-translational histone modifications play important roles in regulating gene expression programs, which in turn determine cell fate and lineage commitment during development. One such modification is histone ubiquitination, which primarily targets histone H2A and H2B. Although ubiquitination of H2A and H2B has been generally linked to gene silencing and gene activation, respectively, the functions of histone ubiquitination during eukaryote development are not well understood. Here, we identified USP12 and USP46 as histone H2A and H2B deubiquitinases that regulate Xenopus development. USP12 and USP46 prefer nucleosomal substrates and deubiquitinate both histone H2A and H2B in vitro and in vivo. WDR48, a WD40 repeat-containing protein, interacts with USP12 and USP46 and is required for the histone deubiquitination activity. Overexpression of either gene leads to gastrulation defects without affecting mesodermal cell fate, whereas knockdown of USP12 in Xenopus embryos results in reduction of a subset of mesodermal genes at gastrula stages. Immunohistochemical staining and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that USP12 regulates histone deubiquitination in the mesoderm and at specific gene promoters during Xenopus development. Taken together, this study identifies USP12 and USP46 as histone deubiquitinases for H2A and H2B and reveals that USP12 regulates Xenopus development during gastrula stages.

Published
2010

276. The RNA polymerase-associated factor 1 complex (Paf1C) directly increases the elongation rate of RNA polymerase I and is required for efficient regulation of rRNA synthesis

Author

David A. Schneider, Matthew B. Renfrow, Yinfeng Zhang, and Archer D. Smith

Subjects
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Transcription, Genetic, viruses, RNA polymerase II, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Biochemistry, RNA polymerase III, Mass Spectrometry, RNA Polymerase I, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal, Transcriptional regulation, Gene Regulation, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Molecular Biology, biology, General transcription factor, Nuclear Proteins, Cell Biology, Processivity, Molecular biology, Cell biology, RNA, Ribosomal, biology.protein, Transcription factor II F, Transcription factor II D, Transcription factor II B
Abstract

The rate of ribosome synthesis is proportional to the rate of cell proliferation; thus, transcription of rRNA by RNA polymerase I (Pol I) is an important target for the regulation of this process. Most previous investigations into mechanisms that regulate the rate of ribosome synthesis have focused on the initiation step of transcription by Pol I; however, recent studies in yeast and mammals have identified factors that influence transcription elongation by Pol I. The RNA polymerase-associated factor 1 complex (Paf1C) is a transcription elongation factor with known roles in Pol II transcription. We previously identified a role for Paf1C in transcription elongation by Pol I. In this study, genetic interactions between genes for Paf1C and Pol I subunits confirm this conclusion. In vitro studies demonstrate that purified Paf1C directly increases the rate of transcription elongation by Pol I. Finally, we show that Paf1C function is required for efficient control of Pol I transcription in response to target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling or amino acid limitation. These studies demonstrate that Paf1C plays an important direct role in cellular control of rRNA expression.

Published
2010

278. Holocene carbon cycle dynamics

Author

Kleinen, T., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9550-5164, Brovkin, V., https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6420-3198, von Bloh, W., Archer, D., and Munhoven, G.

Abstract

We are investigating the late Holocene rise in CO2 by performing four experiments with the climate-carbon-cycle model CLIMBER2-LPJ. Apart from the deep sea sediments, important carbon cycle processes considered are carbon uptake or release by the vegetation, carbon uptake by peatlands, and CO2 release due to shallow water sedimentation of CaCO3. Ice core data of atmospheric CO2 between 8 ka BP and preindustrial climate can only be reproduced if CO2 outgassing due to shallow water sedimentation of CaCO3 is considered. In this case the model displays an increase of nearly 20 ppmv CO2 between 8 ka BP and present day. Model configurations that do not contain this forcing show a slight decrease in atmospheric CO2. We can therefore explain the late Holocene rise in CO2 by invoking natural forcing factors only, and anthropogenic forcing is not required to understand preindustrial CO2 dynamics.

Published
2010

279. Clustered O-Glycans of IgA1: DEFINING MACRO- AND MICROHETEROGENEITY BY USE OF ELECTRON CAPTURE/TRANSFER DISSOCIATION

Author

Takahashi, Kazuo, Wall, Stephanie B., Suzuki, Hitoshi, Smith, Archer D., Hall, Stacy, Poulsen, Knud, Kilian, Mogens, Mobley, James A., Julian, Bruce A., Mestecky, Jiri, Novak, Jan, and Renfrow, Matthew B.

Subjects
Glycosylation, Fourier Analysis, Polysaccharides, Research, Molecular Sequence Data, Glycopeptides, Humans, Electrons, Glomerulonephritis, IGA, Amino Acid Sequence, Mass Spectrometry, Immunoglobulin A
Abstract

Udgivelsesdato: 2010-Nov IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis in the world. Aberrantly glycosylated IgA1, with galactose (Gal)-deficient hinge region (HR) O-glycans, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the disease. It is not known whether the glycosylation defect occurs randomly or preferentially at specific sites. We have described the utility of activated ion-electron capture dissociation (AI-ECD) mass spectrometric analysis of IgA1 O-glycosylation. However, locating and characterizing the entire range of O-glycan attachment sites are analytically challenging due to the clustered serine and threonine residues in the HR of IgA1 heavy chain. To address this problem, we analyzed all glycoforms of the HR glycopeptides of a Gal-deficient IgA1 myeloma protein, mimicking the aberrant IgA1 in patients with IgAN, by use of a combination of IgA-specific proteases + trypsin and AI-ECD Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The IgA-specific proteases provided a variety of IgA1 HR fragments that allowed unambiguous localization of all O-glycosylation sites in the six most abundant glycoforms, including the sites deficient in Gal. Additionally, this protocol was adapted for on-line liquid chromatography (LC)-AI-ECD MS/MS and LC-electron transfer dissociation MS/MS analysis. Our results thus represent a new clinically relevant approach that requires ECD/electron transfer dissociation-type fragmentation to define the molecular events leading to pathogenesis of a chronic kidney disease. Furthermore, this work offers generally applicable principles for the analysis of clustered sites of O-glycosylation.

Published
2010

283. Response to Greenhouse Event of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum

Author

Stoll, H.M., Shimizu, N., Ziveri, P., Archer, D., and Marine Biogeology

Subjects
SDG 14 - Life Below Water
Abstract

During the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), rapid release of isotopically light C to the ocean-atmosphere system elevated the greenhouse effect and warmed temperatures by 5-7 °C for 10

Published
2007

284. Couplings Between Changes in the Climate System and Biogeochemistry

Author

Denman, Kenneth L., Brasseur, Guy, Chidthaisong, Amnat, Ciais, Philippe, Cox, Peter M., Dickinson, Robert E., Hauglustaine, Didier, Heinze, Christoph, Holland, Elisabeth, Jacob, Daniel, Lohmann, Ulrike, Ramachandran, Srikanthan, Dias, Pedro Leite da Silva, Wofsy, Steven C., Zhang, Xiaoye, Archer, D., Arora, V., Austin, J., Baker, D., Berry, J.A., Betts, R., Bonan, G., Bousquet, P., Canadell, J., Christian, J., Clark, D.A., Dameris, M., Dentener, F., Easterling, D., Eyring, V., Feichter, J., Friedlingstein, P., Fung, I., Fuzzi, S., Gong, S., Gruber, N., Guenther, A., Gurney, K., Henderson-Sellers, A., House, J., Jones, A., Jones, C., Kärcher, B., Kawamiya, M., Lassey, K., Quéré, C. Le, Leck, C., Lee-Taylor, J., Malhi, Y., Masarie, K., Mcfiggans, G., Menon, S., Miller, J.B., Peylin, P., Pitman, A., Quaas, J., Raupach, M., Rayner, P., Rehder, G., Riebesell, U., Rödenbeck, C., Rotstayn, L., Roulet, N., Sabine, C., Schultz, M.G., Schulz, M., Schwartz, S.E., Steffen, W., Stevenson, D., Tian, Y., Trenberth, K.E., Noije, T. Van, Wild, O., Zhang, T., Zhou, L., Denman, Kenneth, Boonpragob, Kansri, Heimann, Martin, Germany, Switzerland, Molina, Mario, Da, P, Dias, Silva, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Modelling the Earth Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Interactions and Dynamics (MERMAID), Modélisation INVerse pour les mesures atmosphériques et SATellitaires (SATINV), and Modélisation des Surfaces et Interfaces Continentales (MOSAIC)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2007

286. Iron-Sulfur Proteins

Author

Michael K. Johnson and Archer D. Smith

Subjects
Hydrogenase, Biochemistry, Superoxide reductase, Nitrile hydratase, Chemistry, Rubredoxin, Reductase, Nitrite reductase, Radical SAM, Ferredoxin
Abstract

Iron–sulfur proteins contain iron coordinated by at least one sulfur ligand and include proteins with mononuclear Fe centers with partial or complete cysteinyl sulfur ligation as well as proteins containing clusters of iron and inorganic sulfide. This review summarizes the structural, electronic, and redox properties of protein-bound mononuclear FeS centers and FeS clusters containing [2Fe2S], [3Fe4S], and [4Fe4S] cores. In addition to the ubiquitous role in mediating biological electron transport, the roles of FeS centers have proliferated to include coupling of electron and proton transfer, substrate binding and activation, determining protein structure, regulation of gene expression and enzymatic activity, disulfide reduction, and iron, electron, or cluster storage. The diverse roles of FeS clusters are illustrated by discussion of specific systems: the mitochondrial and photosynthetic electron transport chains and a wide range of soluble redox enzymes and proteins; the active sites of nitrile hydratase, aconitase-type (de)hydratases, superoxide reductase (SOR), radical-SAM (S-adenosylmethionine) enzymes, NiFe- and Fe-hydrogenase, sulfite and nitrite reductase, nitrogenase, CO dehydrogenase, and acetyl-CoA synthase; the structural FeS centers in DNA repair enzymes; the regulatory roles of FeS centers in the SoxR, fumarate–nitrate reduction (FNR), IscR/SufR, and iron-regulatory protein (IRP) proteins and in selected enzymes; the two classes of FeS cluster containing disulfide reductases typified by ferredoxin–thioredoxin reductase (FTR) and heterodisulfide reductase (HDR); and the role of 8Fe ferredoxins and polyferredoxins in iron, electron, or cluster storage. Keywords: iron–sulfur; protein; enzyme; rubredoxin; ferredoxin; nitrogenase; hydrogenase; radical-SAM; metalloregulation

Published
2006

292. Factors associated with survival of horses following relaparotomy.

Author

Findley, J. A., Salem, S., Burgess, R., and Archer, D. C.

Abstract

Reasons for performing study Relaparotomy may be required to investigate and manage complications that occur following surgical management of colic. Objectives To report factors associated with survival following relaparotomy. Study design Retrospective cohort study. Methods Records of horses that had undergone exploratory laparotomy for treatment of colic over a 10-year period (2002-2012) and had undergone relaparotomy <8 weeks following the initial surgery were reviewed. Descriptive data were generated and association with survival time was modelled using Cox proportional hazards models. Results Relaparotomy was performed in 96 horses at <8 weeks following initial surgery at a median of 4 days. This represented 6.3% of horses that underwent laparotomy during the study period (n = 1531). Relaparotomy was most frequently undertaken based on signs of persistent post-operative colic (76%; n = 73). Short-term survival for horses undergoing relaparotomy due to persistent colic was 53%, incisional dehiscence 50%, post-operative reflux 37%, haemoperitoneum 17% and septic peritonitis 0%. Median survival was 6 days for all horses undergoing relaparotomy and 778 days for those that recovered following anaesthesia. Nonsurvival was associated with increased packed cell volume at 24 h following initial laparotomy (hazard ratio [ HR] 1.06, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.04-1.10, P = 0.009), peritonitis as a reason for undertaking relaparotomy ( HR 4.41, 95% CI 1.43-13.6, P = 0.01) and adhesions found at relaparotomy ( HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.03-3.04, P = 0.04). Increased likelihood of survival was associated with colic signs being the reason for performing relaparotomy ( HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.26-0.88, P = 0.02) and small intestinal distension found at relaparotomy ( HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.29-0.96, P = 0.04). Conclusions This study has provided information about survival rates and risk factors for survival in horses undergoing relaparotomy that can assist clinicians and owners when determining whether to perform relaparotomy and in predicting the likely surgical outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

293. Colic in a working horse population in Egypt: Prevalence and risk factors.

Author

Salem, S. E., Scantlebury, C. E., Ezzat, E., Abdelaal, A. M., and Archer, D. C.

Abstract

Reasons for performing study Colic is an important health problem in managed horse populations. Currently, there is limited information about colic prevalence and risk factors for colic in working horse populations. Objectives To determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, colic in a working horse population in Egypt and to describe management practices in this working horse population. Study design Cross-sectional survey. Methods Owners of 350 working horses were interviewed. Data about their horses, management and colic episodes in the preceding 12 months were collected. Dental examination was conducted on 342 horses and blood samples (n = 100) were collected for immunodiagnosis of tapeworm ( Anoplocephala perfoliata) infection. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for a history of colic in the preceding 12 months. Results The 12-month prevalence of colic was 54.6%. Severe and moderate tapeworm infection intensity was identified in 3% and 26% of horses tested, respectively. Horses that had severe dental disease (odds ratio [ OR] 6.8, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.9-24.3, P<0.001), that displayed stereotypic behaviour ( OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.15-3.5, P = 0.013), were fed ground corn during the 'dry season' ( OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.03-2.6, P = 0.035) or that had received an anthelmintic in the previous 6 months ( OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.3, P = 0.003) were more likely to have a history of colic in the preceding 12 months. Horses fed on rice bran during the 'green season' ( OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.26-0.9, P = 0.015) and that displayed geophagia/coprophagia ( OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.05-0.73, P = 0.001) were less likely to have a history of colic. Conclusions Colic is common in this working horse population and this study has identified factors associated with altered likelihood of colic. The study provides important information that may be used to inform future prospective studies investigating colic in working horse populations and to assist development of preventive healthcare strategies. The Summary is available in Chinese - see Supporting information [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

294. Prevalence of oro-dental pathology in a working horse population in Egypt and its relation to equine health.

Author

Salem, S. E., Townsend, N. B., Refaai, W., Gomaa, M., and Archer, D. C.

Abstract

Reasons for performing study Oro-dental disease can have a significant impact on equine welfare. Objectives To determine the prevalence of oro-dental disease and to identify risk factors for oro-dental disorders and poor body condition scores ( BCS) in a working horse population in Egypt. Study design Cross-sectional survey. Methods Oro-dental examination was performed on 450 working horses in 2 Egyptian provinces. Horse and management historical data were collected and horses were assigned to no/mild, moderate and severe dental disease categories based on findings on examination. Multivariable logistic regression and generalised additive models were used to identify risk factors for oral mucosal injuries and very poor/poor BCS, and to explore the relationship between age and different oro-dental disorders. Results Oro-dental disease was common, with 45.3% and 8.4% of horses considered to have moderate and severe oro-dental disease, respectively. None of these horses had previously undergone any form of proper dental examination and treatment by trained personnel. Oral mucosal injuries (64.2%) and sharp enamel points (79.8%) were most common. Oral mucosal injuries were significantly associated with increasing age (odds ratio ( OR) 1.1, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.01-1.1, P = 0.03), focal dental overgrowths ( OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.4-4.0, P = 0.002) and sharp enamel points ( OR 6.3, 95% CI 3.5-11.0, P<0.001). Very poor and poor BCS were significantly associated with severe dental disease ( OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.8, P = 0.02), horses aged 16-30 years ( OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.7-7.0, P = 0.001), height ( OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.9-0.97, P = 0.001) and packed cell volume ( OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.85-0.95, P<0.001). Conclusions There is a need for education of working horse-owners in Egypt about the importance of oro-dental disease and for greater availability of veterinarians with suitable training and equipment to perform dental prophylaxis and treatment. Even simple dental prophylaxis could have a significant impact on the health and welfare of this population of working horses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

295. Risk factors for surgical site infection following laparotomy: Effect of season and perioperative variables and reporting of bacterial isolates in 287 horses.

Author

Isgren, C. M., Salem, S. E., Archer, D. C., Worsman, F. C. F., and Townsend, N. B.

Abstract

Reasons for performing study Surgical site infection ( SSI) is an important cause of post operative morbidity following laparotomy. Objectives To investigate risk factors for SSI, including effect of season and surgery performed outside normal working hours, and to report bacterial isolates and antimicrobial resistance patterns. Study design Retrospective cohort study. Methods Data were obtained from horses that had undergone exploratory laparotomy over a 3-year period (2010-2013) in a UK hospital population. SSI was defined as any purulent or serous discharge from the laparotomy incision of >24 h duration that developed during hospitalisation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify associations between pre-, intra- and post operative variables and altered likelihood of SSI. Results Surgical site infection developed in 73/287 (25.4%) horses during hospitalisation. Horses of greater bodyweight (odds ratio [ OR] 1.002, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.0002-1.005, P = 0.03), increased packed cell volume (≥48%) on admission ( OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.32-6.94, P = 0.01), small intestinal resection ( OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.15-4.46, P = 0.02) and post operative colic ( OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.41-5.79, P = 0.003) were significantly associated with increased likelihood of SSI in a multivariable model. SSI was also significantly more likely to occur during winter ( OR 3.84, 95% CI 1.38-10.70, P = 0.01) and summer ( OR 5.63, 95% CI 2.07-15.3, P = 0.001) months in the model. Three-layer closure of the incision was protective ( OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.16-0.58, P<0.001) compared to 2-layer closure. There was no effect of surgery being performed outside normal working hours (P = 0.5). The most common bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli (59.5%) , Enterococcus spp. (42.4%) and Staphylococcus spp. (25.4%). Penicillin resistant isolates accounted for 92% (96/104) of isolates while 18% (21/119) of isolates were gentamicin resistant. Conclusions Laparotomy during winter and summer months was associated with increased likelihood of SSI but there was no effect of surgery performed outside normal working hours. This information assists in identifying horses at high risk of SSI and informing development of preventive strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

296. Structure, function, and formation of biological iron-sulfur clusters

Author

Dennis R. Dean, Michael K. Johnson, Deborah C. Johnson, and Archer D. Smith

Subjects
Iron-sulfur cluster assembly, Scaffold protein, Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Stereochemistry, Molecular Sequence Data, Iron–sulfur cluster, Biochemistry, Cofactor, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bacterial Proteins, Nitrogenase, Cluster (physics), Escherichia coli, Amino Acid Sequence, biology, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Cysteine desulfurase, Escherichia coli Proteins, chemistry, Cysteine desulfurase activity, Genes, Bacterial, biology.protein, ISCU, Carrier Proteins, Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Abstract

▪ Abstract Iron-sulfur [Fe-S] clusters are ubiquitous and evolutionary ancient prosthetic groups that are required to sustain fundamental life processes. Owing to their remarkable structural plasticity and versatile chemical/electronic features [Fe-S] clusters participate in electron transfer, substrate binding/activation, iron/sulfur storage, regulation of gene expression, and enzyme activity. Formation of intracellular [Fe-S] clusters does not occur spontaneously but requires a complex biosynthetic machinery. Three different types of [Fe-S] cluster biosynthetic systems have been discovered, and all of them are mechanistically unified by the requirement for a cysteine desulfurase and the participation of an [Fe-S] cluster scaffolding protein. Important mechanistic questions related to [Fe-S] cluster biosynthesis involve the molecular details of how [Fe-S] clusters are assembled on scaffold proteins, how [Fe-S] clusters are transferred from scaffolds to target proteins, how various accessory proteins participate in [Fe-S] protein maturation, and how the biosynthetic process is regulated.

Published
2005

298. Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland — section of ophthalmology: Proceedings of meeting held on 11th June, 1988

Author

Blake, A., Blake, S., O’Donoghue, H., Eustace, P., Coleman, K., Mullaney, P., Moriarty, P., Kenna, P., Mooney, D., Bonnar, E., Logan, P., Hone, R., Hope-Ross, M., Breathnach, F., O’Meara, A., Walsh, J., Kervick, G. N., Logan, W. C., Archer, D. B., Walsh, T. M., Travers, S., Sellar, P. W., Hillery, M. P., Benedict-Smith, A., Power, W., Collum, L. M. T., Power, B., Fenton, J., Hillery, M., Smith, A. B., McGinnity, F. G., Page, A. B., Johnson, S. S., Halliday, H., and Patterson, C.

Published
1989
Full Text
View/download PDF

300. Sulfur transfer from IscS to IscU: the first step in iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis

Author

Smith, Archer D., Agar, Jeffrey N., Johnson, Keith A., Frazzon, Jeverson, Amster, I. Jonathan, Dean, Dennis R., and Johnson, Michael K.

Subjects
Mass spectrometry -- Usage, Sulfur compounds -- Chemical properties, Iron compounds -- Chemical properties, Chemistry
Abstract

The mechanism of IscS-directed Fe-S cluster assembly on the IscU scaffold is described using mass spectroscopy. The direct transfer of sulfane sulfur, S(super 0), from the cysteine persulfide on IscS to the cysteine residues on IscU indicates that this reaction constitutes the first step in Fe-S cluster biosynthesis on an IscU scaffold.

Published
2001

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results