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We report the observation of a power-dependent polarization conversion from a fast spatial soliton-like beam into the orthogonal polarization in an AlGaAs slab waveguide at power levels below which the nonlinear index change becomes comparable to the birefringence. The slow soliton, however, shows no polarization conversion. We interpret these results in terms of the previously predicted polarization instability of a fast soliton into orthogonally polarized radiation. The experimental results are in qualitative agreement with theory.

Three new types of cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE) robust pulsating soliton solutions with complicated behavior are presented. These solutions are classified as plain pulsating, erupting, or creeping solitons. The main characteristics and the region in the parameter space where they exist are described.

Stable polarization-locked temporal vector solitons are found in a saturable absorber mode-locked fiber laser with weak cavity birefringence. The system is theoretically modeled with two coupled complex Ginzburg-Landau equations that include fiber birefringence, spectral filtering, saturable gain, and slow saturable absorption. The solutions to this system are similar to those for elliptically polarized vector solitons in a lossless birefringent fiber. Numerical simulations show qualitative agreement with experimental results. © 2000 Optical Society of America.

© 2010 Optical Society of America

Polarization-locked vector solitons (PLVS) were observed in an optical fiber lasers with well-controlled birefringence. Couple-nonlinear Schrodinger equations were used to describe the evolution of the polarization components along the axes of the fibers. The fiber laser allowed the monitoring of vector solitons in a transmission system.

Multipulse operation was demonstrated with a Ti:sapphire laser mode-locked by a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. Widely separated double, triple, and quadruple pulses with irregular spacing were observed. In addition, closely coupled states were also found that could be attributed to interplay between saturable absorber and filter losses, saturated gain and the coherent interaction of solitons. These observations, as well as the mechanisms in the transitions from single to multipulse states are explained within the framework of the generalized complex Ginzburg-Landau equation as the laser master equation.

The multiphase regime of a solid-state laser with a slow saturable absorber is studied. Solutions to the propagation equations are derived and their range of existence are analyzed. Single-pulse solutions, called solitons, exist for a certain range parameters. With high enough pump power, two or more pulses may be generated sequentially. In the two-pulse case, the pulses can propagate independently if far apart or form a bound state if close. Two-types of bound states are identified for the same set of parameters: asymmetric with unequal pulse amplitude and symmetric with equal pulse amplitude. The values of the parameters are determined where one-, two- or three-soliton solutions exist.

We study the dynamics of the soliton–radiation interaction in the process of soliton excitation in quadratic nonlinear media. The focus is on the dynamics of initial signals that are not weakly perturbed exact solitons. We use a combination of numerical experiments and analytical tools based on the integral conserved quantities of the wave evolution. We show the rate of convergence of representative, experimentally relevant inputs, to the asymptotic soliton states. A measure of soliton content of arbitrary input signals is introduced and evaluated in several representative examples. The dynamic evolution of oscillating solitons is studied using generalized Stokes parameters., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Passively mode-locked lasers with intracavity weakly birefringent fiber are theoretically analyzed based on two coupled complex one-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau equations. The model includes fiber birefringence, spectral filtering, saturable gain, and saturable loss. Phase-locked soliton solutions are found for small amounts of birefringence and several types of soliton with periodic polarization evolution for higher amounts of birefringence. Numerical simulations show qualitative agreement with experimental results. © 1998 Optical Society of America.

Optical-fiber transmission of pulses can be modeled with the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation. We find novel stable soliton pairs and trains, which are relevant in the case, and analyze them. We suggest that the distance between the pulses and the phase difference between them is defined by energy and momentum balance equations, rather than by equations of standard perturbation theory. We present a two-dimensional phase plane (interaction plane) for analyzing the stability properties and general dynamics of two-soliton solutions of the Complex Ginzburg-Landau equation. © 1998 Optical Society of America.

We investigate pulse propagation in birefringent optical fibers under conditions where both the walk-off length and the birefringence beat length between the linearly polarized modes of the fiber are comparable to the nonlinear scale length. We find numerically families of stationary vector solitons that propagate with a common group velocity. These solitons constitute a two-parameter family of solutions. We study the shape and chirp of the solitons and the fraction of energy carried by each polarization as a function of the soliton energy and velocity., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

We present novel stable solutions which are soliton pairs and trains of the ID complex Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE), and analyze them. We propose that the distance between the pulses and the phase difference between them is defined by energy and momentum balance equations. We present a two-dimensional phase plane (>interaction plane>) for analyzing the stability properties and general dynamics of two-soliton solutions of the CGLE.

Time-localized solitary wave solutions of the one-dimensional complex Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE) are analyzed for the case of normal group-velocity dispersion. Exact solutions solutions are found for both the cubic and the quintic CGLE. The stability of these solutions is investigated numerically. The regions in the parameter space in which stable pulselike solutions of the quintic CGLE exist are numerically determined. These regions contain subspaces where analytical solutions may be found. An investigation of the role of group-velocity dispersion changes in magnitude and sign on the spectral and temporal characteristics of the stable pulse solutions is also carried out.

We analyze pulse propagation in a soliton fiber laser, modelled by the complex Schrödinger-Ginzburg-Landau equation. It is shown that this equation admits two previously unknown forms of stable stationary solutions. The first of them is a dual-frequency pulse, which propagates as a single unit, but has two symmetric peaks in the spectrum. The second one is a moving pulse, with the asymmetric double-hump spectrum.

We performed a detailed investigation of the stability of analytic pulselike solutions of the quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equation that describes the dynamics of the field in a passively mode-locked laser. We found that in general they are unstable except in a few special cases. We also obtained regions in the parameter space in which stable pulse solutions exist. These stable solutions do not have analytical expressions and must be calculated numerically. We compared and connected the regions in which stable solitonlike solutions exist with the lines for which we had analytical solutions. © 1996 Optical Society of America.

Soliton solutions of the one-dimensional (1D) complex Ginzburg-Landau equations (CGLE) are analyzed. We have developed a simple approach that applies equally to both the cubic and the quintic CGLE. This approach allows us to find an extensive list of soliton solutions of the CGLE, and to express all these solutions explicitly. In this way, we were able to classify them clearly. We have found and analyzed the class of solutions with fixed amplitude, revealed its singularities, and obtained a class of solitons with arbitrary amplitude, as well as some other special solutions. The stability of the solutions obtained is investigated numerically.

We report numerical observation of two new forms of stable localized solutions of the quintic complex Ginzburg-Landau equation. The first form is a stationary zero-velocity solution, which consists of two motionless fronts and a source between them. We call this structure the >composite> pulse. We show that in some range of parameters, a composite pulse can coexist with a plain pulse solution. At the boundary of their region of existence in the parameter space, composite pulses exhibit a complicated behavior, which includes periodical dynamics and transition into another new form of localized solutions, namely, uniformly translating, or moving pulses. A careful study shows that the moving pulses have an even wider range of existence than the composite pulses. The interactions between different combinations of moving and stationary pulses are also studied. A qualitative explanation of the observed structures is proposed.