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Se analiza el valor diagnóstico de la citología tiroidea y de la dosificación de anticuerpos antitiroideos en la enfermedad de Hashimoto. en una serie retrospectiva de 55 enfermos, de los cuales 34 fueron operados. Se destaca la baja sensibilidad de la citología en el grupo de pacientes operados.

A propósito de una serie de 26 pacientes operados con carcinomas diferenciados del tiroides de un tamaño menor de 15 mm los autores realizan una revisión del tema destacando los caracteres principales de estos tumores: frecuentemente ocultos, de hallazgo incidental y con un pronóstico excelente tratados por tiroidectomía menos que total.

Se evalúa y compara la capacidad de determinar el patrón anatómico de la glándula tiroides de la clínica, la citología por punción, el gamagrama y la ecografía en una serie de 205 pacientes operados con control anátomo-patológico_ Se destaca el alto valor de la clínica y el menor valor de los exámenes complementarios solos o asociados y sobre todo de la ecografía.

Se analiza el problema de la extensión de la resección glandular en el carcinoma diferenciado del tiroides, y en base a la revisión bibliográfica y a los resultados de una serie de 30 carcinomas de ese tipo operados, se propone la selección de la táctica quirúrgica a seguir esquematizando las situaciones que corresponden en extensión de resección glandular, a la lobectomfa, tiroidectomfa total y tiroidectomfa casi total tendiendo a un claro predominio de esta última.

Copyright of Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nursing UFPE / Revista de Enfermagem UFPE is the property of Revista de Enfermagem UFPE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This review article aimed to update concepts on the metabolism of thyroid hormones and their relationship with boar reproduction. The available literature of the past 25 years in the BBCS- LILACS, Academic source, IB-PsycINFO, SSCI IB-, IB-SciELO, Scopus and Scirus databases as well as historical articles, texts and references cited work public, were analyzed. Relevant information to the objectives was gotten, highlighting the multiple functionality and the relationship thyroid hormones have with the different tissues in the organism, thus being classified in four sections as follows: synthesis, transport and metabolism; receptors and mechanisms of action; effects of thyroid hormones; thyroid hormones and reproduction. It can be concluded that thyroid hormones have important roles in ovaries and testicles, and play a crucial role in the development of reproduction cells. Changes in these hormones can produce infertility, as an adequate level of these hormones is necessary for ovulation and spermatogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: The risk factors determining the aggressiveness of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) are not well known. Aim: To determine if tumor size, along with other features of the tumor, influences its prognosis. Patients and Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 147 patients (age range 16-92 years, 93% women) at the Clinical Hospital of University of Chile who underwent thyroid surgery and in whom at least one focus of PTMC was found. We determined the association between different clinical characteristics and the presence of capsular invasion, lymph nodal extension or recurrence. Results: A tumor size over 5 mm, a follicular subtype and being aged more than 45 years, were significantly associated with the presence of capsular invasion. The latter two variables were protective. In the multivariate analysis, only a tumor size over 5 mm was significantly associated with thyroid capsule involvement. Conclusions: A tumor size over 5 mm is associated with capsular invasion in PTMC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Medical Review on Down Syndrome is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Universitas Médica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Amyloid goitre is an infrequent benign entity characterized by a rapid increase in the size of the thyroid gland due to amyloid deposit in the parenchyma. Such an increase in size, which takes place over only a few months, can cause symptoms such as dyspnea, dysphagia and dysphonia. We present three cases diagnosed in the same centre and estimated its incidence. All cases showed similar morphology, with varying proportions of thyroid follicles, mature adipose tissue and amyloid. AA Amyloid accumulation was verified and associated to previous pathologies (Crohn's disease, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and chronic renal disease). One case showed a papillary microcarcinoma. Amyloid goitre is an infrequent entity which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all patients with goitre, especially those with chronic underlying diseases., (Copyright © 2020 Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Los transportadores (Simporter de Sodio/Yoduro, NIS y Transportador Apical de Yoduro, AIT) pertenecen a la familia de proteínas de membrana, SLC5 las cuales pueden encontrase también en tejidos extratiroideos. Para el estudio de la localización celular de los co-transportadores se usaron anticuerpos policlonales que detectarían la proteína por el proceso de inmunohistoquímica. El transportador AIT fue inespecífico mientras NIS fue estandarizado en tejido de tiroides. En el sistema digestivo, NIS fue detectado en glándulas salivales, mucosa gástrica, dependiendo de la sección del tracto, y en páncreas, mostrando en este último, un comportamiento atípico de este co-transportador. Este trabajo retoma la teoría de la recirculación, el papel antimicrobiano y el rol antioxidante dado por el yoduro a lo largo del sistema. Además, de mostrar los beneficios de usar este tipo de proteínas como una herramienta para el conocimiento del metabolismo, las enfermedades autoinmunes y el cáncer.

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare spindle cell neoplasm mostly found in the pleural tissue but also described in other parenchymas. There are twenty four cases of thyroid SFT, all of them with similar histological appearance and immunohistochemical reaction pattern. We report the case of a thyroid tumor in a thirty year old man. The tumor was characterized by a proliferation of spindle cells arranged in a storiform and hemangiopericitoid pattern, without cell atypia and necrosis, and with low mitotic rate. The tumor showed a strong positive immunohistochemical reaction for CD-34 and bcl-2. There were no reactions for Desmin, Pancytokeratin and S-100. All of these features confirm the diagnosis of a thyroid SFT. It is important to know that this entity can arise in the thyroid gland to direct the analysis in a correct way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To update concepts related to feline hyperthyroidism. Materials and methods. Information from available literature from the last 50 years including the BBCS-LILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IB-SSCI, IBSciELO, Scopus and Scirus, databases as well as historical articles, texts and references cited in published papers was analyzed. Results. Pertinent information related to the objectives proposed in the present review was obtained and it can be classified in five sections as follows: etiology, physiopathology, clinical signs, diagnosis and management. Conclusion. Feline hyperthyroidism is a disease caused by high levels of circulating T4, T3 or both. It is the most common endocrine disorder in domestic cats and affects approximately 1 in 300 cats showing multisystem complications. Currently, there are both medical and surgical treatments. Medical therapy is a conservative alternative which given the appropriate facilities has an effectiveness of 90%. However, depending on the etiology of the disease, thyroidectomy may be more effective for example in the case of tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: a case of peritoneal strumosis is presented for making a review of the literature published about these histological tumors and their clinical characteristics. Case presentation: a 48-year-old patient, having a history of left side oophorectomy 34 beforehand due to a benign ovarian tumor, consulted at the Caribe Teaching Hospital (a reference centre for the Bolívar department) as she had pain in the left hypochondrium. Physical exam: abdominal mass confirmed by ultrasound and abdominal computerized tomography. A 15.5 x 10.5 x 7 cm retroperitoneal mass was found during exploratory laparotomy which was removed. Microscope analysis revealed thyroid tissue consisting of follicles having typical structure, constituting a peritoneal strumosis. Materials and methods: a literature review was made of five databases (Medline, Emsco, PubMed, Science Direct and Cochrane Reviews), using search keywords [Title/Summary]: "peritoneal struma", "peritoneal strumosis" ad "struma ovarii"; 15 bibliographical citations were included. Conclusions: peritoneal strumosis is an infrequently occurring lesion which is associated with mature cystic teratoma of the ovary, whose pre-operation diagnosis is difficult. This is a new case published in the worldwide literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to update concepts related to normal function of the thyroid gland in domestic felines and to review the basic concepts of feline hypothyroidism. Materials and methods: literature available in the BBCS-LILACS data bases, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IBSSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus and Scirus, databases from the last 50 years, as well as historical articles, texts and references cited in works public to date were analyzed. Results: pertinent information related to the objectives proposed in the present review was found and analyzed. As a consequence, the article is classified in three sections as follows: production and storage of thyroid hormones, functions of thyroid hormones, feline hypothyroidism. Conclusion: the thyroid gland plays an important role as thyroid hormones producer which are necessary for cellular differentiation and organic growth. Feline hypothyroidism is not frequent and it is classified according to the time of appearance in congenital way or acquired, and depending if the alteration site is primary, secondary or tertiary. Depending on the severity of its presentation it can also be classified as clinic or sub-clinic forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To update concepts related to normal function of the thyroid gland in canines. Materials and methods. Information from the last 50 years including the BBCS-LILACS data bases, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IB-SSCI, IB-SciELO, Scopus and Scirus, databases as well as historical articles, texts and references cited in work published to date were analyzed. Results. Pertinent information related with the objectives proposed in the present review was found and analyzed. It was then divided into three sections as follows: synthesis of thyroid hormones, transport of thyroid hormones and functions of thyroid hormones. Conclusion. The thyroid gland plays an important role producing thyroid hormones which are necessary for cellular differentiation and organic growth. The adequate functioning of metabolic ways depends of these hormones, which have specific effects on different organs maintaining homeostasis between all tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes is the property of Editorial Sanchez y Barcelo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The foramen thyroideum is described as an occasional opening existing in one or both laminae of the thyroid cartilage which may or may not contain a neurovascular component. Foramen thryoideum was first described in the literature by Segond in 1847. Some authors consider its existence a structural variation rather than an anomaly, with classical texts of anatomy providing little detail when describing this foramen. This study was undertaken to investigate the incidence and characteristics of the foramen thyroideum in the South African population. A total of 80 formalin fixed cadaveric laryngeal specimens (obtained from the Department of Clinical Anatomy, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) were dissected. Larynges were dissected with the aid of a Stemi DV 4 light microscope. The incidence, location, dimensions and contents of the foramen thyroideum were recorded. The horizontal and vertical extent of each foramen was measured with a digital caliper. Six of the 80 (7.5%) specimens examined had distinctly identifiable foramina. Five of the six cases (4 male, 1 female) displayed bilateral foramina (6.3%), with one case (1 female) of a unilateral foramen (1.3%). Of the larynges that had bilateral foramina, a single case presented with two foramina on the same (right) thyroid lamina. A total of twelve foramina were observed. Gender distribution of foramen thyroideum was: male: right 5, left 4; female: right 2, left 1. Preceding investigators of the foramen thyroideum have rightly indicated that awareness of its presence is of paramount importance in order to preserve the structures that traverse it and also to comprehensively treat or contain laryngeal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Medicina (Buenos Aires) is the property of Medicina (Buenos Aires) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Patología is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Diversos tipos de adenocarcinomas se han descrito en diferentes especies, pero los adenocarcinomas tiroideos son raros en aves. Aquí se describen hallazgos patológicos de un adenocarcinoma tiroideo en faisán versicolor (Phaisanus versicolor), para considerarlo en el diagnóstico diferencial de enfermedades crónicas en aves silvestres del orden Galliforme. El hallazgo anatomopatológico se describe en un faisán macho, de seis años de edad, que presentó dificultad respiratoria sin secreción 24 horas antes de morir. A la necropsia se halló masa multinodular no encapsulada de consistencia suave, desde la bifurcación de la tráquea, que se extiende hacia la parte craneal de los pulmones, hasta la cara interna de los huesos costales del lado izquierdo. Las características histológicas y localización de la neoplasia establecieron el diagnóstico de adenocarcinoma tiroideo con patrón folicular. Este trabajo deja el precedente de una lesión que puede incluirse en el diagnóstico diferencial de enfermedades crónicas para la especie faisán versicolor [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Patología is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Patología is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Pediatría is the property of Revista Chilena de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Pediatría is the property of Revista Chilena de Pediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of study was to determinate sensibility and specifity in diagnosis of lesions of the tyroid gland by punction-aspiration with fine needle (BAAF) using ultrasonographic guide and without it. A total of 300 patients were studied between June 2004 until July 2006. Punction and aspiration with a fine needle was accomplished, without ultrasonographic guide in some cases was accomplished. Out of the 300 patients in 40 cases inadequated samples were obtained, five of them using ultrasonographic guide which give a predictive positive value of 55.76%. In 35 cases without ultrasonographic guide results were positive giving a predictive value of 44.23%. Distribution among genre was even; 27 females and 26 males. Total sensibility was of 96.6% and specifity of 23.33%. Using ultrasonographic guide, versus 76.6% of sensibility and 3.33% of specifity, in the other groups. It is concluded the advantage of BAAF with ultrasonographic guide method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Primary thyroid lymphomas are infrequent; they represent less than 3% of lymphomas and 8% of all malignant thyroid tumors. Objective: To know the frequency of primary lymphomas of thyroid gland at Instituto Anatomopatológico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela and histological and immunophenotypic characteristics that lead their identification and differentiation with the several processes may simulate them. Material and methods: We reviewed the clinicopathological in six and immunohistochemical characteristics in five Venezuelan patients with lymphomas in the thyroid gland. Four patients were 42 to 63 year old (mean 55) women, three of them with diffuse large cell lymphoma and one with marginal zone mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT-lymphoma). Two were 45 and 54 year-old men, one with diffuse large cell lymphoma and the other with MALT-lymphoma. The five immunohistochemistry studied cases showed characteristics of B-lymphocytes. We also analyzed the different benign and malignant processes that have to be considered in the differential diagnosis of thyroid lymphoma. Results: Histologically, lymphomas were diffuse in all cases, with focal destruction of thyroid parenchyma and peripheral inter and intrafollicular infiltration. In examined histological samples lymphocytic thyroiditis, nor MALT-lymphoma, were demonstrated. Conclusions: Primary thyroid gland lymphomas are infrequent, most of them are of B lymphocytes no-Hodgkin type, maybe with predominance of those from marginal zone of the lymphoid tissue associated to mucosa; even when histologically lymphomas of large cells lymphomas are the most frequent. They mainly affect older than 50 years women with antecedents of chronic lymphocitary thyroiditis (Hashimoto's). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work a source radioactive of radiation gamma is simulated with energy in the range from 0.030 to 3 MeV and a cylindrical detector of NaI(Tl) of 2x2 is simulated, this is similar to the system that possesses the group of Radiological Physics of the U.N. - Sede Medellín and that it is used for in vivo measures of thyroid. The different interaction types were simulated in the overlap of Aluminum of 0.5 mm and the NaI(Tl) crystal, having in consideration the coefficients for photoelectric effect , compton effect and production of pairs in the different medium. It was obtained in the spectra the continuous region due to the compton and their court, the escape picks in the case of production of pairs and the corresponding photopeak, like it is reported theoretically in the literature and reproduced the spectrum with the form gausiana, considering this distribution type for each energy emitted gamma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work it is described a thyroid and neck phantom for adult designed by the group of Radiological Physics of the UN. - Sede Medellín and manufactured by the Laboratory of Quick Prototipado - CEIF of the U.N. - Sede Bogotá. This phantom was built keeping in mind the mathematical model for the reference man proposed by Mary Cristy. This phantom is a poliuretano cylinder inside which there is a recovered cavity of policarbonate that has the form of the thyroid, this cavity has two tubes through which it can inject himself radio-active solutions. The coefficients of polycarbonate and polyurethane attenuation were compared with those obtained for thyroid and tissue, using the program XCOM and WWQUER, with that which was verified that these materials reproduce the coefficients with a range of acceptable uncertainly for energy between 0.001 MeV and 1 GeV. This way this phantom is good as pattern for the activity determination through systems of spectrometry gamma in this organ1 MeV and 1 GeV, This way this phantom is good as pattern for the activity determination through systems of spectrometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJETIVO: Establecer frecuencia de la patología tiroidea según resultados anatomopatológicos en el Hospital Alberto Sabogal del Callao y determinar la distribución según edad, sexo y hallazgos clínicos de la patología tiroidea. DISEÑO: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. METODOS: Se revisó todas las intervenciones quirúrgicas de la glándula tiroides en el Hospital NacionalAlberto Sabogal Sologuren (HNASS) entre enero del 2000 y diciembre del 2002. RESULTADOS: Se intervinieron 190 tiroides y se revisaron 182 casos: 91,0%, mujeres y 8,9%, varones. Sólo el 19,2% fue catalogado, en el preoperatorio, como neoplasia maligna tiroidea. Dentro de la clínica asociada predominó bocio (74,5%) de los casos, seguido del dolor (8,2%), disfagia (5,3%) y disfonía (4,5%). En el sexo masculino, el 76,5% de los casos se encontró entre los 40 y 59 años; mientras que, en el sexo femenino los grupos etarios con mayor frecuencia fueron el de 30 a 49 años y el de 60 a 69 años, con 39,4% y 21,8%, respecticamente. Sin considerar la distribución por sexo, entre los 60 a 69 años está el 23,63% de las patalogías y entre los 40 y 49 años, el 19,23%. Los hallazgos de antomía patológica fueron adenoma pleomórfico (29%), carcinoma papilar (15,50%) y bocio coloide simple (12%).

Se presentan dos casos de metástasis en calota craneana de neoplasma diferenciado de tiroides, uno de ellos sin otras lesiones a distancia, en los cuales la tumoración craneana fue el elemento que llevó al diagnóstico. Para el control local se recomienda la resección quirúrgica de la metástasis en calota, asociada a radioterapia externa, mientras que la tiroidectomía total permite la detección y tratamiento de otras metástasis con Jodo 131 . En esta situación el pronóstico es desfavorable, con una sobrevida media de 4, 5 años.

Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de sexo femenino de 36 años operada en nuestra clínica portadora de hiperplasia, adenomas múltiples y carcinoma a células de Hürthle, analizándose el valor de los exámenes paraclínicos en el preoperatorio y la conducta quirúrgica seguida. Se realiza además una visión de la literatura nacional e internacional de esta patología, así como de la asociación patológica hallada, planteándose si no nos encontraríamos frente a diferentes etapas de una «enfermedad hürthleana».

Se presenta un caso de tiroides ectópico o aberrante lateral del cuello. A propósito de él se hacen consideraciones acerca de las posibles explicaciones patogénicas de este tipo de hallazgo.