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Context: While medical end-of-life planning has been well characterized, less is known about non-medical planning to prepare for the end of life.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of engagement in non-medical end-of-life (EOL) planning and its relationship to medical EOL planning.Methods: Three hundred and four persons age 65 and older recruited from physician offices and a senior center were administered an in-person interview asking about participation in the following non-medical EOL planning behaviors: moving to a location with more help, teaching someone to do things around the house, purchasing long-term care insurance, telling someone the location of important documents, preparing a financial will, conveying wishes for funeral arrangements, purchasing a cemetery plot, and prepaying for a funeral.Results: Prevalence of participation in the different non-medical EOL planning activities varied widely, from 8% for prepaying for a funeral to 84% for telling someone the location of important documents. There was little overlap in the factors associated with participation in each activity. Conveying wishes for funeral arrangements and completing a financial will were associated with completing a living will (OR 2.69, 95% CI 1.51, 4.78; OR 6.70, 95% CI 3.18, 14.15) and communication about quality versus quantity of life (OR 4.52, 95% CI 2.54, 8.04; OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.25, 4.86).Conclusion: There is variability in both the prevalence of and factors associated with engagement in non-medical EOL planning activities. The association of non-medical with medical planning activities supports the utility of programs assisting individuals with broad engagement in EOL planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intergenerational teaching using a multigenerational course design is certainly not a new pedagogical technique. However, the longitudinal assessment and redesign of three gerontology courses described here can offer educators and professionals insights into reflection as a requirement not only within the course but also about the course itself. Since 2009, the Gerontology Program at Nazareth College has collaborated with the St. John's Senior Living Communities to offer college-level courses comprising both Nazareth students and elder residents. In these courses, the elders not only participate on an equal basis with the students but also, together with the students, engage in regular course assessments. This article offers a review of course designs, assignments linked to student-learning outcomes, service-learning projects, and the numerous opportunities created for both personal and professional growth. Utilizing three different courses, this comprehensive study of intergenerational and multigenerational learning provides examples of different forms of engagement between students and elders and serves as a model for course design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Reduced falls and fall risks have been observed among older adults referred to the HOP-UP-PT (Home-based Older Persons Upstreaming Prevention-Physical Therapy) program. The purpose of this study was to describe outcomes of HOP-UP-PT program participants and then to compare these outcomes to non-participants.Methods: Six Michigan senior centers referred adults ≥65 years who were at-risk for functional decline or falls. 144 participants (n = 72 per group) were randomized to either the experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG). Physical therapists (PTs) delivered physical, environmental, and health interventions to the EG over nine encounters (six in-person, three telerehabilitation) spanning seven months. The CG participants were told to continue their usual physical activity routines during the same time frame. Baseline and re-assessments were conducted at 0-, 3-, and 7-months in both groups. Descriptions and comparisons from each assessment encounter were analyzed.Results: Participants ages were: EG = 76.6 (7.0) years and CG = 77.2 (8.2). Baseline measures were not significantly different apart from the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) which favored the EG (P = 0.02). While no significant differences were identified in the survey outcomes or home environment assessments, significant differences in favor of the EG were identified in common fall risk indicators including the Timed Up and Go (P = 0.04), Four Test Balance Scale (P = 0.01), and the modified SPPB (P = 0.02) at the 3-month assessment visit. However, these differences were not sustained at the 7-month assessment as, notably, both groups demonstrated positive improvements in the Four Test Balance Score and SPPB. For individuals at a moderate/high fall risk at baseline, 47.8% of CG reported falling at seven months; whereas, only 6.3% of EG participants meeting the same criteria reported a fall after HOP-UP-PT participation.Conclusions: A prevention-focused multimodal program provided by PTs in older adults' homes proved beneficial and those with the highest fall risk demonstrated a significant decrease in falls. A collaboration between PTs and community senior centers resulted in upstreaming care delivery that may reduce both the financial and personal burdens associated with falls in an older adult population.Trial Registration: This study was retrospective registered at Clinical Trials.gov , TRN: NCT04814459 on 24/03/2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Evidence has shown that the treatment of overactive bladder at the level of mucosal structure has a certain advantage, so the study on the possible involvement of mucosa in regulating bladder afferent signal transduction and improving the symptoms associated with overactive bladder has gradually become a hot spot. OBJECTIVE: To review the role of signal pathways and receptors in various layers of mucosa in the pathogenesis of overactive bladder. METHODS: With the key words of “overactive bladder, mucosa, urothelium, lamina propria, mechanisms" in both English and Chinese, CNKI, WanFang and PubMed were searched for relevant literature published from 2000 to 2020, and eventually 49 articles meeting the requirements were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The pathogenesis of overactive bladder is very complex. At present, there are few reports on whether the myogenic hypothesis and the neurogenic hypothesis interact with the mucosal signaling mechanism. Urothelial signaling pathway is the key of the current research, but the basement membrane layer and the lamina propria related signaling pathways are less reported. The various types of cells in the lamina propria and their functions have not been clear, and the relationship of mucosal signal with spinal cord center and senior center has not been fully research. Therefore, a horizontal study will be done on the relationship between the three types of pathogenesis of overactive bladder, and deeply and vertically explore the upstream or downstream of one of the three signal pathways, so as to provide a clearer target for the treatment of overactive bladder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological advances in health have contributed to an increase in life expectancy and to the aging population. As an ally to active aging, many cities have made possible some specific spaces for older adults, which is called senior living centers (SLC). The ELC are places that help the development of socio-cultural, educational, and physical activities which support older adults to participate in community life. This study aimed to measure the motor and cognitive functions of older adults who go to ELC in comparison with sedentary older adults. In this cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study, 21 older adults were divided into three groups: G1 (older adults who do physical activity at ELC), G2 (older adults who do cognitive activities at ELC), and G3 (sedentary older adults). The evaluation included vulnerability tests (Clinical Functional Vulnerability Index - 20), functionality (Pfeffer Index), cognition (Mini Mental State Examination and Trail Making Test), balance (Berg Functional Balance Scale), and mobility (Timed up and Go). The Kruskal-Wallis Test was used to make the statistical comparison. The results of vulnerability and functionality were similar for the groups. There was a statistical tendency in G1 to present a better motor score than the others. The G2 group had a worse cognitive score than the other groups. The G3 group, as it doesn't present a bad score, was the group that chose to stay at home. In conclusion, older adults who perform physical activities in ELC tend to have better motor score. The bad cognitive score in the G2 group may indicate that the older adult perceived daily cognitive difficulties and chose to perform activities with cognitive stimulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• This paper examines the time-varying accessibility to senior centers by public transit in Philadelphia using the GTFS data. • Accessibility to senior centers declines from the downtown to the suburbs. • Neighborhoods with higher shares of older adults tend to have lower accessibility to senior centers. • Neighborhoods with higher shares of households having zero cars are better served. • Neighborhoods with higher shares of African Americans and Hispanics are less well served. Public transit offers older adults an important alternative travel mode for accessing social activity destinations. Given the growing size and socioeconomic diversity of the older population, transportation planners should consider how current urban transit systems can better meet their needs. In this study, we examine the time-varying accessibility to senior centers by public transit in each census tract of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Senior centers are community service and activity hubs for older adults which are typically overseen by the local area agency on aging. They offer a variety of services and social activities for older adults, including free meals, volunteering opportunities, information, and technology training. Using General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) data and socioeconomic data from the U.S. Census Bureau, we analyze how accessibility varies across census tracts with respect to the tract's share of older adults, particularly those in vulnerable subgroups. We found that accessibility to senior centers declines from the downtown area to the suburbs but varies considerably among the vulnerable subgroups studied. We also found that when accounting for the open hours of senior centers, accessibility to senior centers is generally lower around midday (2 PM) than during peak hours (8:30 AM) on Mondays. We used the vertical equity index to examine social disparities in accessibility among older adults. We found that while SEPTA underserves neighborhoods with higher shares of older adults, tracts with higher shares of some vulnerable subgroups are better served than those with lower shares. Specifically, neighborhoods with higher shares of households that have no cars are better served than those with higher shares of African American and Hispanic older adults. These results suggest that the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) and the Philadelphia Corporation for Aging (PCA) should work together to better accommodate the diverse travel needs of older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The availability of public services has been perceived as one of the parameters for evaluating the quality of services and a basic component of the effectiveness of the system. Social services have been understood as public services in the countries of the European Union. The state has the primary responsibility for ensuring the availability of social services and should have established powers in the areas of planning, coordination and evaluation. The aim of this paper is to comprehensively evaluate the availability of homes for seniors aggregated into individual districts of the Czech Republic. The method of multi‐criteria decision‐making was chosen for the evaluation, specifically the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution in combination with the Coefficient of Variance method, as a method for the objective determination of the weights of input indicators. The evaluation in 2017 included 77 districts of the Czech Republic and 519 homes for seniors, which are registered providers of social services for persons who, due to age and reduced self‐sufficiency, cannot take care of themselves and are users of residential social services. Based on 14 defined indicators, the local accessibility within individual districts of the Czech Republic was evaluated, focusing on five research questions. The indicators were defined in such a way as to reflect the nature of the problems and to define the need for this service in the territory. Based on the results, a significant relationship was demonstrated between the amount of subsidy per bed, per month, granted to homes for seniors in individual districts of the Czech Republic and service availability, i.e. districts in which homes for seniors with higher subsidies per bed show better availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Senior centers are focal points of services and programs. Study aims were to describe the frequency of and benefits of attending senior centers and nonmembers' reasons for nonattendance. Methods: A total of 597 senior center members and 298 community-residing nonmembers in New York City were interviewed. Males and age of 75+ years members were oversampled. Results: Mean days attended weekly = 3.00 days/week (SD = 1.71). Latinx seniors attended 1 day > White non-Latinx seniors. Seniors in poor/bad health attended.67 fewer days than seniors in excellent health. Almost all members (96.3%) reported benefiting from attendance. The most common benefits were socialization/making friends, educational programs, something to do, being with people like them, meals, and improved mental and physical health. Reasons nonmembers gave for nonattendance were too busy with social/leisure activities or work, not interested or do not need programs/services, do not want/need socialization, and members were older or more disabled than them. Conclusion: Implications for recruiting underserved and isolated seniors are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Derecho Privado (00347922) is the property of Editorial Reus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Latinx elders are underrepresented in dementia research. In a previous study we assessed research attitudes in urban minority elders and found a significant minority expressed neutral to negative attitudes relating to trust, safety, and personal responsibility to help research.Objective: To assess the impact of a composite intervention on attitudes toward research and research participation among elderly Latinx. The intervention was a collaboratively produced research participation video shown during presentations with our elderly community advisory board (CAB) as co-presenters.Methods: The video was created by the ADRC and CAB. All senior center attendees were eligible to participate. Afterwards, the Research Attitudes Questionnaire (RAQ) and a brief questionnaire on the impact of the video were administered. Using Wilcoxon Rank Sum Tests, Chi Square, and OLS regressions, RAQ responses were compared to those from a historical cohort from similar centers.Results: 74 in the "Historical Cohort 1" and 104 in "Intervention Cohort 2" were included. RAQ total score was higher in Cohort 2 than Cohort 1 (28.5 versus 26.1, p < 0.05) after controlling for age, education, and country of origin. In response to the question "Has the video influenced your willingness and interest to participate in research", 88.7%of the participants in Cohort 2 reported being "more" or "much more" interested in research.Conclusion: Tailoring community research recruitment programs to include relatable peers using novel recruitment techniques may have positive implications for improving enrollment of diverse elderly individuals in research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the collateral effects of COVID-19 concerning the care of the elderly population who belong to the social security of Peru (EsSalud) and who were confined to their homes. A case study was conducted on the effect of the pandemic in older adults who used to attend an elderly care center - CAM. Semi-structured interviews were carried out via the telephone with the participants. The study showed that the pandemic caused changes in their homes and dynamics. Participants in the study are supported and cared for by their closest relatives, usually those who share the same household. However, weaknesses in the health system and social protection work could significantly harm this population group with less robust support networks. The main side effects of the pandemic in the PAM are related to their recreational activities since they have been paralyzed, causing feelings of frustration and boredom. The current pandemic still requires constant care and safety to avoid putting the general population at risk. However, it is crucial to consider the effect of the social isolation on people's health. Joint work between the insured, families and EsSalud will guarantee better prevention and care strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Sleep disorder is one of the most common problems in elderly people. The present study is focused on the effectiveness of educational intervention on sleep quality and psychological well-being in the elderly people. Method: This is a Randomized educational field-controlled trial which was conducted on 90 elderlies with the sleep disorder, who have been selected using systematic random sampling from the clients of comprehensive health centers in Borazjan, Iran, 2019. The educational intervention was presented for 5 weeks by lecture, group discussions and virtual learning methods. Data were collected by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Ryff’s Psychological well-being scale before and 2 months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS-25 software using independent t-test, and Chi-square test. Results: The results showed significant statistical differences in sleep quality, subscales of sleep efficiency, sleeping time, and taking sleeping pills in experimental and control groups after the intervention (p≤0.005). Moreover, significant statistical difference was observed in terms of the mean scale of psychological well-being between experimental and control groups (p=0.036). Conclusion: Behavioral interventions can make various advantages for elderly people. Therefore, this study suggests providing such interventions in a wide range in comprehensive health centers, and boarding centers for the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article adds to the literature on improvisation and creative aging with a phenomenological study of six older adults' experiences with improvisation through a senior education program offered at a Mid-Atlantic community senior center in the United States. Data took the form of two individual interviews and a focus group. Participants reported improv classes helped them build community, provided an avenue to grow, and gave them a place to play. Older adults often battle negative stereotypes of aging. Improv may be a catalyst for creative aging which helps combat negative stereotypes and gives older improvisers the means to positive aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Importance: Lack of geriatric health care professionals is a growing concern. Negative attitudes toward older adults and aging bias in students can impact quality of care, and lack of evidence-informed practice has been linked to early training. Students must be nurtured to provide quality-appropriate care for older adults. Objective: To explore the development of an evidence-based program for older adults, specifically for balance training, to be used with students in a service-learning capacity. Design Setting, and Participants: A qualitative case study was conducted with physical and occupational therapy students, led by faculty, engaging in service-learning experiences. Students were from 3 consecutive cohorts attending a health sciences gerontology class. One-third of the students were randomly selected to participate in the developed movement and music workshop at senior centers, assisted living facilities, and memory care units. The remaining students participated in general activities in the same or similar locations. Surveys were completed by the students as well as a reflection paper. Exposures: Students participated in a 1-hour movement and music workshop alongside volunteer older adults. The workshop was developed using motivational theories and evidence-based recommendations for balance interventions for older adults. Main Outcome: Student surveys demonstrated a progressive ability to recommend advanced balance interventions for older adults. Student surveys and reflective papers showed that the service-learning workshop had specifically enhanced their comprehension of motivation and meaningful activities to push older adults. Results: The ability for students to recommend intermediate-level balance activities increased by 15% with a class only, but then advanced activity recommendations improved by 68% in those attending the workshop. Psychosocial aspects only emerged after the workshop. Service learning influenced all students, but concepts of motivation and meaningful activities were more understood by those participating in the movement workshop. Conclusion and Relevance: Service learning is an excellent opportunity for faculty to demonstrate to students how to apply evidence-informed interventions in a manner appropriate and motivational for older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We compared the dementia prevention behaviors between elders attending dementia care village senior citizen clubs and elders attending general senior citizen clubs. Also, this study indicated direction of the national responsibility system for dementia by identifying the factors influencing preventive behavior of dementia. Methods: The subjects of this study were 125 elders attending dementia care village senior citizen clubs and elders attending general senior citizen clubs. Data were collected through personal interview using a questionnaire from October 8 to 22, 2019. Colllected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 22.0 Results: As a result of analyzing the factors affecting dementia prevention behaviors of elderly people aged 65 years or older, drinking (β =0 .21, p = 0.013), health status (β = 0.20, p = 0.025), interest in dementia (β = 0.18, p =0 .035), and self-efficacy (β = 0.22, p = 0.030) were influential factors, and the explanatory power was 18%. Conclusion: The findings support the further development of interventions tailored to increase self-efficacy and that can increase interest in dementia in people with dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Roa Iktissadia Review is the property of Roa Iktissadia Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The combined challenge of climate change and population aging requires novel solutions that enhance the resilience of building energy systems and secure indoor comfort for vulnerable occupants in extreme weather conditions. This research investigates the performance of a newly developed Energy Management (EM) system based on Collective Intelligence (CI) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), called CIRLEM, managing the energy performance of an urban complex in Ålesund, Norway, including an elderly care center with decentralized PV generation, EV charging and storage, while connected to a main electricity grid. CIRLEM controls multiple flexibility assets including independent thermal zones (the demand-side agents) and Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations (the local storage). In a novel approach, CIRLEM coordinates the distributed storage and generation together with the demand side to control energy systems and react collaboratively to environmental variations. Under extreme weather conditions, without applying CIRLEM, the demand can be more than double that of typical weather conditions. The implementation of the double-layer CIRLEM can reduce the total demand by 35 % over a month. Furthermore, the inclusion of photovoltaic (PV) systems allows the system to be independent from the grid for almost 40 % of its operational hours, while adding EV storage can increase it to around 70 %. Finally, the application of CIRLEM reduced overheating hours from 17 h ∙ °C to 2 h ∙ °C under extreme conditions, while maintaining comfortable conditions even during temperature ramps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alexander Wlodawer has been a member of the FEBS Open Bio Editorial Board since the journal's launch in 2011. Currently, he is Senior Investigator at the Center for Structural Biology, National Cancer Institute in Frederick, Maryland, USA. He received his Ph.D. from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1974, completed postdoctoral training at Stanford University and has also worked at the National Bureau of Standards, the ABL‐Basic Research Program at the NCI‐FCRDC and the University of Cambridge, UK. He is Doctor Honoris Causa of the Technical University of Lodz, Poland. Alexander Wlodawer is also a recipient of the 2006 NCI Mentor of Merit Award, was awarded the Heyrovsky Honorary Medal by the Czech Academy of Sciences in 2008, was elected Foreign Member of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 2005, and has been member of the Editorial Board of The FEBS Journal since 2007. He is currently Editor‐in‐Chief of the journal Current Research in Structural Biology. In this compelling interview, he shares with us his experiences on solving the structures of IL‐4 and retroviral proteases, advice on how to deal with being scooped, and his thoughts on open data sharing and AlphaFold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I explore the mental consequences of Covid‐19. Starting with the images of the pandemic – the intubated patient, the anonymous mass grave, and the death on FaceTime – images that express the horrendous threat of the coronavirus death, I emphasize that the pandemic reminds us of our vulnerability and existential dependence on the other. Based on examples, I discuss different reactions to Covid‐19 from a psychoanalytic perspective, specifically highlighting the mechanisms of denial, splitting and projection – the latter is illustrated in the scapegoating of the pandemic, for example, blaming China, the immigrants or youth parties. I argue that a common characteristic of those different defense mechanisms may be a contempt for weakness – as demonstrated when coronavirus deniers and Proud Boys are marching together. The paper also examines the importance of structure and the consequences of the loss of everyday structure – be it job, school, peer groups, training studios, senior centers, or culture. I conclude by emphasizing that the pandemic has taught us how dependent we are on each other – and that it should inspire us to greater tolerance for vulnerability, and less contempt for weakness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the relationship between smartphones and ego integrity of older adults in South Korea. Retiree and older adult smartphone users were recruited from senior centres and community centres in the Seoul megalopolitan area and 264 of them completed a cross-sectional survey that contained questions assessing their smartphone proficiency, smartphone use, loneliness, and ego integrity. Smartphone use was positively related to higher ego integrity, but smartphone proficiency was not. Loneliness was negatively related to ego integrity. Path analysis revealed that the relationships between smartphone use and ego integrity were moderated by loneliness. The potential of smartphones to improve older adults' psychological health needs to be further explored and the findings should be incorporated into care practices and social policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Research in Education Sciences is the property of National Taiwan Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Jurídica de Castilla y León is the property of Junta de Castilla y Leon, Direccion de Servicios Juridicos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the intergenerational cooperation program, which is the Senior Policy Monitoring Group Project, on intergenerational solidarity and perception changes toward other generations in Korea. A one-group pre/post-test design was adopted, and a purposive sampling method was used to recruit participants. Collaboration took place with Seoul Association of Senior Welfare Centers and one university to recruit older and younger participants. A total of 34 older people aged more than 60 years and 19 BSW (Bachelor of Social Work) students aged 20 to 25 completed the study project. Every item on the questionnaire of intergenerational solidarity was compared before and after this project. Based on the pre/post-test results, several items on intergenerational solidarity appeared to have statistically significant differences. Based on the measurement of perception changes toward other generations using a scale, only the positive perception of younger generations toward older people increased, while that of older generations did not. Future research need to design bilateral programs in which various generations are together in equal position with common social issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The proportion of older people is increasing faster than other age groups. Evidence shows that older people receive less oral health services than what they need. The purpose of this study was to investigate the barriers against the provision of oral healthcare services to the elderly from the perspective of dentists and managers of elderly care centers (ECCs) in Tehran. Methods This qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews. The study population included managers of ECCs and dentists who work in the field of geriatric dentistry in Tehran. Participants were selected by purposive and convenience sampling. Interviews were continued until saturation of the information in both groups. The interviews included about 10 predetermined questions regarding different aspects of providing dental care services to the elderly. The Graneheim and Lundman’s qualitative approach was used for content analysis of the interviews. Results The data reached saturation after conducting interviews with nine managers of the ECCs and seven dentists. Finally, five main themes were extracted by the content analysis including "problems related to accessing care", "problems related to disability", "financial problems", "problems related to dentists" and "problems related to policy-making”. Conclusion Several barriers exist related to service recipients, service providers, and policy-makers against the provision of oral healthcare services to the elderly. Removing these barriers requires cooperation between the education, health, and treatment sectors of the Ministry of Health, the Welfare Organization, and professional dental organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although not the only types of active aging programs available, they are essential towards an understanding of the nature and direction of active aging-oriented programs in Japan. This Special Issue focuses on the value of active ageing and its beneficial impact on mental and physical health. Active ageing in Singapore among older taxi drivers and crane operators gives insight into the issues faced by older workers. [Extracted from the article]

The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between multimorbidity, traumatic events and frailty among older adults in the community. The studied population consisted of 257 older people who were recipients of the services and active members of Open Care Centers for the Elderly (OCCE) of the Municipality of Grevena and meet a set of selection criteria. The collection of the data was carried out using a fully structured questionnaire, which consisted of two sections: a form of individual features and the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI). The sample consisted of 114 men (44.4%) and 143 women (55.6%) aged between 61 and 96 years with an average of 75.12 years. The results showed that the mean scores were 2.70 for the Physical Frailty (standard deviation = 2.16), 1.43 for the Psychological Frailty (standard deviation = 1.21), 1.32 for the Social Frailty (standard deviation = 0.64) and 5.44 for the total Frailty (standard deviation = 3.02). We took into account the cut-off point five of 54.1% (n = 139) in terms of the participants' frailty. Physical, Psychological, and Total Frailty are related to (a) the presence of two or more chronic diseases or disorders, (b) the experience of a serious illness in the previous year, and (c) the experience of a serious illness of a loved one during the previous year. The outcomes helped to identify frailty syndrome in older people and the factors associated with it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a highly transmittable virus that continues to disrupt livelihoods, particularly those of low-income segments of society, around the world. In Ethiopia, more specifically in the capital city of Addis Ababa, a sudden increase in the number of confirmed positive cases in high-risk groups of the community has been observed over the last few weeks of the first case. Therefore, this study aims to assess knowledge, practice and associated factors that can contribute to the prevention of COVID-19 among high-risk groups in Addis Ababa. Methods: A cross-sectional in person survey (n = 6007) was conducted from 14–30 April, 2020 following a prioritization within high-risk groups in Addis Ababa. The study area targeted bus stations, public transport drivers, air transport infrastructure, health facilities, public and private pharmacies, hotels, government-owned and private banks, telecom centers, trade centers, orphanages, elderly centers, prison, prisons and selected slum areas where the people live in a crowded areas. A questionnaire comprised of four sections (demographics, knowledge, practice and reported symptoms) was used for data collection. The outcomes (knowledge on the transmission and prevention of COVID-19 and practice) were measured using four items. A multi variable logistic regression was applied with adjustment for potential confounding. Results: About half (48%, 95% CI: 46–49) of the study participants had poor knowledge on the transmission mode of COVID-19 whereas six out of ten (60%, 95% CI: 58–61) had good knowledge on prevention methods for COVID-19. The practice of preventive measures towards COVID-19 was found to be low (49%, 95% CI: 48–50). Factors that influence knowledge on COVID-19 transmission mechanisms were female gender, older age, occupation (health care and grocery worker), lower income and the use of the 8335 free call centre. Older age, occupation (being a health worker), middle income, experience of respiratory illness and religion were significantly associated with being knowledgeable about the prevention methods for COVID-19. The study found that occupation, religion, income, knowledge on the transmission and prevention of COVID-19 were associated with the practice of precautionary measures towards COVID-19. Conclusion: The study highlighted that there was moderate knowledge about transmission modes and prevention mechanisms. Similarly, there was moderate practice of measures that contribute towards the prevention of COVID-19 among these priority and high-risk communities of Addis Ababa. There is an urgent need to fill the knowledge gap in terms of transmission mode and prevention methods of COVID-19 to improve prevention practices and control the spread of COVID-19. Use of female public figures and religious leaders could support the effort towards the increase in awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The association between depression and chronic pain is well established. However, few studies have examined the pathways from depression to chronic pain. The present cross-cultural study aimed to test the mediating effects of pain catastrophizing on associations between depression and chronic pain (eg, pain severity, pain intensity) among Korean American elderly. Patients and Methods: A total of 132 elderly Korean Americans with chronic pain were recruited from elderly daycare centers and Korean ethnic churches in the community. For mediation analyses, structural equation modeling with full information maximum likelihood estimation method was used. The bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval (CI) method for inferential tests of the indirect effects was also conducted in mediation analysis. Results: The results indicated that the proportion of comorbid depression and chronic pain was 45.7%. Elderly Korean Americans with depression scored higher in pain severity, pain interference, and pain catastrophizing than those without depression. Pain catastrophizing was found to have a significant mediating effect on the relationship between depression and pain severity (indirect effect = 0.147, Bootstrap 95% CI = [0.079, 0.226]), controlling for demographic covariates, comorbidities and pain area. Pain catastrophizing also mediated the relationship between depression and pain interference (indirect effect =0.164, Bootstrap 95% CI = [0.097, 0.244]), controlling for the covariates. Conclusion: These findings add to the literature by providing evidence that pain catastrophizing plays a role in high levels of pain severity and pain interference comorbid chronic pain and depression in Asian elderly immigrants. Appropriate culturally tailored programs to redirect pain catastrophizing cognitive process should be developed and provided for elderly Asian Americans to reduce chronic pain disparity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of New Architecture is the property of New Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)