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There are several preference measurement scale and normalization method in the literature. In this paper, we compare these possibilities in ELECTRE method, and compares results. In the absence of any other standards, the priorities provided by the original ELECTRE (involve: Linear scale, Vector normalization and Entropy weights) was used as the benchmark. The results indicate that linear measurement scale and vector normalization method is not the only or best scale and normalization method in ELECTRE method. In other words, the ranking for some measurement scale (i.e. Linear, Power, Logarithmic and Root Square measurement scales) and normalization method (i.e. non-linear normalization method) are effectively same, as the benchmark. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Safety attitude is of vital importance to accident prevention, and the high accident rate in the coal mining industry makes it urgent to undertake research on coal miners' safety attitude. However, the current literature still lacks a valid and reliable safety attitude measurement scale for coal miners, which stands as a barrier against their safety attitude improvement. In this study, a scale is developed that can be used to measure coal miners' safety attitude. The preliminary scale was based on an extended literature review. Empirical data were then collected from 725 coal miners using the preliminary scale. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were undertaken to validate and improve the scale. The final scale, which consists of 17 items, contains four dimensions: management safety commitment, team safety climate, fatalism and work pressure. Results show that this safety attitude scale can effectively measure the safety attitude of coal miners, showing high psychological measurement validity. This paper contributes to the occupational safety research by developing the factor structure and indicator system of coal miners' safety attitude, thus providing more profound interpretation of this crucial construct in the safety research domain. The measurement scale serves as an important tool for safety attitude benchmarking among different coal mining enterprises and, thus, can boost the overall safety improvement of the whole industry. These findings can facilitate improvement of both theories and practices related to occupational safety attitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional change management approaches that focus on linear models and top-down control have proved less than adequate in addressing organizational change within the complexity and speed of today's unprecedented change. Researchers have suggested that by developing greater workforce agility, companies may be better positioned to manage or moderate rapid change and use this capability as a competitive advantage. Complementing current strategies with a different approach to managing change focused on individual agility and resilience may be a first step. This article focuses on the development, validation, and practical application of an employee agility and resilience measurement scale as part of a program in support of an alternative approach to managing organizational change. Results indicate that focusing on individual agility and resilience can prepare employees to handle uncertainty more successfully by adapting to change quicker and managing stress more effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The lifespan of durable goods is a global concern because it has consequences not only in terms of waste management and natural resources but also in terms of consumer well-being. Companies and consumers are concerned, in particular, by the frequency of product replacement, which itself depends, on the consumer side, on their evaluations of the product's perceived obsolescence. The objective of this article is to better explain the intention to replace a durable good while it is still in working order. More specifically, we investigate the role of perceived product obsolescence (PPO) on product replacement intention. An exploratory qualitative study (n = 10) leads to a definition of PPO as the difference between the perceived value of a product owned and what is currently available on the market. Four data collections (n = 948) form the basis for the development of a PPO measurement scale involving five dimensions (aesthetic, social, technological, commercial, environmental), and their association with product replacement intention is demonstrated. Finally, a typology of consumers with respect to their "PPO scores and individual characteristics" is built. We show that the most ecologically aware consumers are also the ones who intend to replace the perceived obsolete product the quickest, as they perceive that it is not ecologically efficient enough. These results and this paradox allow us to formulate societal recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Trunk control is impaired in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) thus influencing their functional balance. However, there is a paucity of literature determining the relationship between trunk control and balance in children with CP. Aim: To find the relationship between trunk control and balance by means of Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) and Paediatric Balance Scale (PBS). Materials and Methods: Twenty four children {age range 8-14 years, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level I-III} with spastic CP were recruited and evaluated using TCMS and PBS. The results were expressed as summary measures median (M) and Inter-Quartile Range (IQR). The correlation of TCMS and PBS were done using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. A p-value

Macau gambling companies included Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) information in their annual reports and websites as a marketing tool. Responsible Gambling (RG) had been a recurring issue in Macau's chief executive report since 2007 and in many of the major gambling operators' annual report. The purpose of this study was to develop a measurement scale on CSR activities in Macau. Items on the measurement scale were based on qualitative research with data collected from employees in Macau's gambling industry and academic literature. First and Second Order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to verify the reliability and validity of the measurement scale. The results of this study were satisfactory and were supported by empirical evidence. This study provided recommendations to gambling stakeholders, including practitioners, government officers, customers and shareholders, and implications to promote CSR practice in Macau gambling industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Trunk control is impaired in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) thus influencing their functional balance. However, there is a paucity of literature determining the relationship between trunk control and balance in children with CP. Aim: To find the relationship between trunk control and balance by means of Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) and Paediatric Balance Scale (PBS). Materials and Methods: Twenty four children {age range 8-14 years, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level I-III} with spastic CP were recruited and evaluated using TCMS and PBS. The results were expressed as summary measures median (M) and Inter-Quartile Range (IQR). The correlation of TCMS and PBS were done using Spearman's correlation coefficient. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The children obtained a median score of 52 out of 58 on the TCMS and 50 out of 56 on PBS. There was a significantly strong correlation with rs=0.77 and p<0.01. A strong correlation (p<0.01) was seen between static, dynamic and total components of TCMS and PBS. The median scores of TCMS and PBS had a strong correlation for boys with rs=0.74 and very strong correlation for girls with rs=0.84. Based on the type of spastic CP, diplegics had a very strong correlation with rs=0.85. While based on GMFCS levels, Level II and Level III had a very strong correlation (For level II rs=0.81 and level III rs=0.86) and weak correlation for level I (rs=0.27). Conclusion: Based on gender, topography and severity of the motor impairment both trunk control and balance are impaired to a different degree in children with CP. The findings of this study showed a high positive correlation between trunk control and balance in children with spastic CP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the social ties play an important role in the analysis of organizational social networks, its measurement is still incipient. This article empirically proposes and evaluates a scale to measure the strength of the relationship networks. Following the recommendations of Churchill (1979) for the development of the instrument and from the definition adopted of ties, the scale showed fourteen items that were grouped into five dimensions: frequency of time, similarity, reciprocity, emotional intensity and intimacy. The study contributes to the literature by revealing the measurement of the ties can help in better knowledge of individuals in group settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simulation study was carried out to study the behaviour of the polychoric correlation coefficient in data not compliant with the assumption of underlying continuous variables. Such data can produce relatively high estimated polychoric correlations (in the order of .62). Applied researchers are prone to accept these artefacts as input for elaborate modelling (e.g., structural equation models) and inferences about reality justified by sheer magnitude of the correlations. In order to prevent this questionable research practice, it is recommended that in applications of the polychoric correlation coefficient, data is tested with goodness-of-fit of the BND, that such statistic is reported in published applications, and that the polychoric correlation is not applied when the test is significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the one hand, we have analyzed the relationships between four key constructs: entrepreneurial orientation, online social networks, organizational learning capability and innovation performance. On the other hand, we have observed the importance of correctly using and justifying the calibration in fsQCA given that the obtained results may differ. We developed an empirical study with 209 four-star and five-star Spanish hotels. Using the fsQCA methodology, the results show that in order to obtain innovative results, hotels should combine Entrepreneurial Orientation and online Social Networks along with organizational learning capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Handel Wewnêtrzny is the property of Institute for Market, Consumption & Business Cycles Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this paper is to develop a scale measuring consumers' brand benefits in less developed economies. Based on the literature, items have been generated in qualitative and quantitative studies and tested by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The findings show that brand benefits converge into a two-factor structure (functional and symbolic) instead of three (functional, experiential and symbolic). These findings can be justified by the fact that consumers in developing economies do not have as much experience with brands as the ones from developed economies. The results also relate to previous literature findings on the topic of utilitarian and affective brand relationships. This scale can be used to advance the domain of brand benefits in a cross-cultural environment and can be employed by marketers when businesses plan to brand their products in developed economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumer-oriented sustainability follows a broader perspective that takes environmental, social and economic impacts of consumption into consideration. The main objective of this article is to broaden the sustainable consumption scale (SCS) of Ribeiro and Veiga (2011) by including communication as a variable that influences the development of sustainable consumer behaviour. For this study, data were collected from Brazilian consumers: the first with a sample of 231 respondents, and the second with 170. The results are presented on a 15-item scale with five dimensions: 1) recycling; 2) communication; 3) frugality; 4) ecological awareness; 5) resource save. This article contributes to the development of attitudinal aspects studies on consumer-oriented sustainability. The study provides a measuring instrument for organisations that seek to identify the profile of their consumers and identify a market niche in socially and environmentally responsible behaviour, and for future studies that use sustainable consumer attitudes as a variable of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Social Work is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we analyze the impacts of various aggregation rules (additive and multiplicative), normalization methods (Saaty, vector, weitendorf's linear, juttler -- Korth, nonlinear and logarithmic), and measurement scales (linear, power, geometric, logarithmic, root square, inverse linear and balanced), on the results of the well -- known and widely used methods of MADM: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A problem with a known answer is used to test different conditions. In general, this studies an experimentally reveals that the 'Conventional AHP' method is more or equal effective to others in solving the Multiple Attribute Decision making problems. Therefore, we more recommended using the 'Conventional AHP' in various areas of human activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the theoretical part of the study we explored the concept of life goal and approaches in the current literature. The study highlights cognitive features of goals, as well as the features of the voluntary process. The aim of this study is to elaborate a scale to assess the concordance of longterm life goals with the individual self. The items have been elaborated based on a rational approach, derived from the literature in the field. The item construction was based on well-defined specialized concepts of the field, concerning psychological well-being, life satisfaction, and health state. These have been translated into long-term life goals, which offer meaning to one's existence. Item analysis, as well as exploratory factorial analysis have been used. The final scale includes 42 items, comprising 12 factors explaining 68,36% of the variance, (KMO:859; df 990; p < .000). The added-value of the study consists of creating an evaluation scale of the sequence of long-term goals for the individual self, and thus extend the evaluation methodology of the sequence of goals for the individual self, in relation not only to circumstantial goals, but also with those goals having a higher degree of generality and relevance in human life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The organisation and functioning of supply chains constitutes a major issue in contemporary management research. It is true that the way in which various companies will coordinate to supply consumption markets in the best possible way constitutes a key question. Even though the sources of competitive advantage usually refer to successful industrial, commercial and financial strategies, the efforts made by a company to conquer a market can be ruined by recurrent logistical failures. This paper particularly focuses on the relational integration process between supply chain members, whose objective is to improve the level of service quality and reduce the costs. It wishes to propose a measurement scale of relational integration applicable to the specific context of emerging countries and therefore avoid the rashly use of measurement scales created in the context of Western countries. A research lead with 139 Vietnamese companies in the food industry enables to test and confirm the robustness of the retained measurement scale. Its use may be considered in other emerging countries of South East Asia, for cross-cultural research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, the so-called international residential tourism has increased considerably, creating a new consumer base in tourist destinations. While the importance of tourism shopping is widely recognized and tourist destinations are aware of its contributions, little is known at present about the actual behaviour and shopping styles of international residential tourists (IRTs). Bearing this in mind and taking as a starting point research carried out in two top international tourist destinations, this study analyses IRT shopping styles. The results obtained indicate the existence of seven different segments presenting specific socio-demographic characteristics and represent progress in research into IRT shopping styles. They may also be of interest not only to managers of retail outlets where IRTs do their shopping but also to tourist resort managers when devising their product range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human behavior is the outcome of his/her associated Personality. Behavior plays an important role in success be it individual or organizational. Organization strives for individual with right kind of personality for success and sustainability. Researchers tried to define personality from various perspectives with hardly any consensus. They also attempted to construct suitable mechanism/instruments to measure it. Though there are wide disagreements among researchers regarding the success/ applicability of these instruments, it is without any doubt that there are requirements for such attempts. This research in an attempt in this regard to construct an instrument to measure personality based on the most respected religious epic of the Hindus': The Bhagavad-Gita. The idea of personality modes (Guna): Swattva, Rajas and Tamas, their presence and dominance in a human being as described in the Bhagavad-Gita are converted into personality measuring statements and a scale is finalized by applying appropriate research methodology. The instrument for measuring personality emerged as a 9 dimensional instrument with 56 statements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet is one of the most influential forms of mass media having revolutionized human behavior, with people spending more and more time online. However, excessive Internet use, which is also termed as 'Internet Addiction', can have negative consequences for an individual as well as the society in which they reside. This type of addiction is classified as behavioral addiction (DSM-5, American Psychiatric Association 2013). However, a group of American Psychiatric Association (APA) working members deemed insufficient research to consider additional behavioral addictions (e.g., compulsive buying) to be included in psychiatric nosology. Henceforth, one of the goals of this study is to shed light on what is considered 'compulsive online shopping' to further support future DSM behavioral addiction classification modifications. The second goal of this study was to develop a compulsive online shopping scale (COSS) that is consistent with addiction criteria established in the DSM-5. And finally, we explored a few characteristic features related to compulsive online shoppers; both demographically and psychologically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we first reviews different measurement scales (Linear, Power, Geometric, Logarithmic, Root square, Inverse linear, and Balanced) adopted in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). then, with reduction of different measurement scale ranges to: left position (i.e., for linear measurement scale: 1-3), middle position (4-6), right position (7-9), left & middle position (1-6), middle & right position (4-9), and perfect ranges (1-9), the effects of different measurement scale on priorities and discrimination level (to discriminate an important alternative from others) of alternatives are investigated. The findings of this paper reveal that first, in 39 possibilities out of 42 cases, the same ranking (A1>A2>A3) with different intensities were obtained, and in 3 possibilities rank reversal are happened. Next, the geometric measurement scale in all ranges and particularly in perfect range have the best performance in discriminating an important alternative than others. Moreover, only the left position and perfect ranges in the most of measurement scales have the best performance in discriminating an important alternative from others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study, presents a comparative analysis of different measurement scales adopted in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), by testing them versus a problem with a known composite answers. Then experimentally, the impact of the different measurement scale elements alteration from three aspects: 1. The limited scale upper bound (up to 9), 2. Changing the scale parameters (a parameters) and 3. Changing the system numbers (from 1, 3...9; to 2, 4...10) on priorities are investigated. The results show that the linear measurement scale has the best performance in comparison to other scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research project is to find out how technostress influences the satisfaction, anxiety and performance of teleworkers and university students. The growth of technology and the use of digital platforms has given rise to a phenomenon called teleworking, a modality of work that involves remote work with the use of ICTs. However, the faster the use of ICTs in organisations grows, the more difficult it becomes for teleworkers, leading to anxiety and stress. This feeling is known as technostress, and knowing its impact on workers is of vital importance for organizational success. The study was conducted through a literature review and the dissemination of an online questionnaire using PLS software. The analysis validated the measurement scale and analysed the structural model at different stages, which confirmed its validity and reliability. The research concludes by affirming the high relationship between technostress, satisfaction, anxiety and performance. It is highlighted that the lower the technostress, the higher the satisfaction and performance, and the higher the technostress, the higher the anxiety and the lower the satisfaction. This research brings as an added value the validation of a scale of technostress together with the variables satisfaction, anxiety and performance not previously analysed by other researches. In addition, the research provides a series of measures to mitigate the effects of technostress and suggests future lines of research. Thus, it highlights the importance of understanding the impact of technostress on teleworkers, to provide effective measures to mitigate it and thus increase the satisfaction and performance of workers., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Agriculture crop selection cannot be formulated from one criterion but from multiple criteria. A list of criteria for crop selection was identified through literature survey and agricultural experts. The identified criteria were grouped into seven main criteria namely, soil, water, season, input, support, facilities and threats. In this paper, Mahalanobis Taguchi system based tool was developed for identification of useful set of criteria which is a subset of the original criteria, for taking decision on crop selection in a given agriculture land. The combination of Mahalanobis distance and Taguchi method is used for identification of important criteria. Matlab software was used to develop the tool. After entering the values for each main criteria in the tool, it will process the value and identify the useful sub-criteria under each main criteria for selecting the suitable crop in a given agriculture land. Instead of considering all criteria, one can use these useful set of criteria under each main criteria for taking decision on crop selection in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research defines ultimate time pressure (UTP) as the consciousness of a limited time remaining to live (due to proximity of death) and related feelings. UTP is a new type of time pressure, which differs from chronic time pressure (CTP) and situational time pressure (STP). The objective is to construct a measurement scale, the nomological validity of which will then be used to test the impact of UTP on retirees’ motivations to volunteer. Quantifying this influence is important because it will enable us to move away from using ‘free time’ as the main criteria in the recruitment and retention of volunteers from this target population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La importancia de la responsabilidad social es mayor al relacionar esta variable empresarial con otras de naturalezaestratégica en la actividad de las empresas (éxito competitivo que la empresa alcanza, rendimiento odesempeño que desarrolla e innovaciones que acomete).El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido definir y validar una escala de medida de la orientación a la responsabilidadsocial que permita posteriormente determinar el grado de relación entre los elementos señalados segúnlas relaciones causales que se plantean y se justifican con base en la escasa literatura previa en este campo.Como resultado del análisis, se concluye con una escala original de 21 indicadores validada con una muestrade 777 empresas pertenecientes a la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura.The importance of social responsibility in the corporate world is enhanced by its linkage with other variablesof a strategic nature in the firm’s activity (the competitive success the company achieves, its performance,and the innovations it implements).The objective of this study was to define and validate a scale for the measurement of social responsibilitythat will then allow the degree of linkage of the aforementioned elements to be determined, under theassumption of causal relationships posited on the basis of the limited existing literature in this field.The result of the analysis was an original scale of 21 indicators validated against a sample of 777 firms inthe Autonomous Community of Extremadura.