Search

Инновационные процессы являются первичным элементом преобразования научного знания в конкретное нововведение, что позволяет говорить об осуществлении научно-технических, технологических и организационных преобразованиях, совокупность которых определяет экономическое развитие страны в целом и каждого отдельного субъекта хозяйствования. В современных условиях именно государство является ключевым игроком, способным создать приемлемые условия для активизации инновационных процессов через доступные инструменты регулирования и управления экономическим пространством на макро- и микроуровне. Настоящая статья посвящена анализу доступных мер государственного стимулирования инновационных процессов, активизация которых является приоритетным направлением при построении высокоэффективной и конкурентоспособной инновационной экономики. В рамках данной статьи были рассмотрены научно-теоретические основы предоставления государственной поддержки, проанализированы российские и зарубежные аспекты государственного стимулирования, а также определены направления совершенствования мер. Значимость проделанного исследования заключается в формировании теоретического и сравнительного аппарата осуществления государственного стимулирования в области активизации инновационных процессов, что особенно актуально в условиях пересмотра стратегической инновационной политики Российской Федерации., Innovation processes are the primary element of the transformation of scientific knowledge into a specific innovation, which allows us to talk about the implementation of scientific, technical, technological and organizational transformations, the totality of which determines the economic development of the country as a whole and each individual business entity. In modern conditions, it is the state that is the key player that can create acceptable conditions for activating innovation processes through available tools for regulating and managing the economic space at the macro and micro levels. This article is devoted to the analysis of available measures of state stimulation of innovative processes, the activation of which is a priority in building a highly efficient and competitive innovation economy. This article examines the scientific and theoretical basis for providing state support, analyzes Russian and foreign aspects of state incentives, and identifies areas for improving measures. The significance of this research lies in the formation of a theoretical and comparative apparatus for the implementation of state incentives in the field of activation of innovation processes, which is especially relevant in the context of the revision of the strategic innovation policy of the Russian Federation.

Increasing attention is being paid towards the potential of social innovation in responding to society's greatest challenges. While measures have been taken to support the flourishing of these innovations, they have thus far been made on ideal models of development, misaligned with what occurs in reality. This has led to the creation of supporting infrastructures that fail to respond to social innovators real needs. The paper seeks to provide a picture of the real social innovation development process through a case-based discussion coming from the results of, SIMPACT, a recently EU research project. The research demonstrates how SI actually takes place in constrained contexts and typically develops as a frugal answer to a social problem. The paper offers substantial empirical evidence that a support system is fundamental in making. SI thrive, thus providing relevant insights and guidance for policy making, with particular emphasis on the concept of SI ecosystems.

Submitted by Maria Helena Ribeiro (helena.ribeiro@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2020-11-04T09:18:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 152118150_AfonsoMeneses_DPDFA.pdf: 1547935 bytes, checksum: ff115a172f677725fd0acc0a027b4aec (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Helena Ribeiro (helena.ribeiro@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2020-11-04T09:18:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 152118150_AfonsoMeneses_DPDFA.pdf: 1547935 bytes, checksum: ff115a172f677725fd0acc0a027b4aec (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-11-04T09:18:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 152118150_AfonsoMeneses_DPDFA.pdf: 1547935 bytes, checksum: ff115a172f677725fd0acc0a027b4aec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-06-30

There is very little research on women in wheat in Nepal, and wheat is still considered a 'man's crop'. Consequently, extension services rarely target women, and women are not considered as innovators. However, research conducted in the Terai plains in 2014/15 shows that women are innovating in wheat to the extent that wheat farming is experiencing a shift from feminisation of agricultural labour towards women taking control over decision-making. Processes accounting for this include male outmigration, non-governmental organisation (NGO) work on promoting women's equality which has developed women's confidence, individual support from extension agents and strong cooperation between women to foster each other's 'innovation journeys'. Women who lived in seclusion 10 years ago are receiving recognition within their families and communities. This article provides recommendations for researchers, rural advisory services and other partners to bring their work in alignment with the realities of women wheat innovators.

As a decisive factor in the existing economic competition in a world increasingly globalized, a market accessible through digitisation and unprecedented information speed, innovation has become the key objective that makes the difference between “to be” or “not to be” for every economic actor who aims to play a leading role on the market. Innovation has become a concept so widely spread that one cannot conceive the success of a business without this factor, whether we are talking about the innovation of a product, process or service or marketing and organization structure. Innovation has also became a key concept for public insitutions that intend to keep up with developments in technology, under the pressure from a society increasingly more connected to technology. The European Union promotes the concept of innovation at the center of the development strategy for the economic sector, thus generating the vision that governs three key tools: Research framework program, the cohesion policy and the framework program for competitiveness and innovation. In the present study we start from the definition of the concept of innovation. We approach the notion of innovative management perspective in the context of accessing European funding programs. Ultimately, the purpose of innovation management is the efficiency of innovative economic activity, i.e. in increasing productivity in balance with the principles of sustainable development. European funding programs stimulate the innovation management in entrepreneurship, public institutions and NGOs, whether we are talking about innovation in the economic field, at the level of social services or in the field of public services.

Questions of librarians advanced training with use of various forms and methods, including professional skillscompetitions are discussed in this article. Practical experience is also represented

The article reveales a set of measures influencing innovative processes, which include: work with personnel, search for new markets, study of consumers’ demands and needs, use of the latest technologies and updating the material and technical base of the enterprise. The author investigates the role of innovations in the activities of enterprises and the main phases that should promote innovation. The subjective factors of the personnel, which influence the development of transport enterprises, are revealed. The essence of the concept of «innovative activity of the personnel» and its influence on the activity of enterprises is determined. The factors that influence the formation of the personnel component of the innovation development of the economy are substantiated. It is determined that the staffing the innovation processes in the economy is related to the existence of the following problems: the inadequate formation of employees’ qualitative features necessary for the creation of innovations and their introduction in the enterprise; the lack of favorable conditions for the effective use of the available human resources in the innovation process. The reasons why employees, in particular ones in transport companies, are not interested in implementing innovation processes are analyzed: the inappropriate level of education, informal employment, low wages and arrears of wages. The classification of expenses for labor force is proposed. The paper proposes three blocks of goals and tasks of training and development of the personnel, which are formed according to the level of operation of the enterprise., Виявлено комплекс заходів, що впливають на інноваційні процеси, які включають: роботу з персоналом, пошуки нових ринків, вивчення попиту та потреб споживачів, використання новітніх технологій та оновлення матеріально-технічної бази підприємства. В статті досліджено роль інновацій в діяльності підприємств та основні етапи, які мають сприяти впровадженню інновацій. Виявлено суб'єктивні чинники персоналу, які впливають на розвиток транспортних підприємств. Визначено сутність поняття «інноваційна активність персоналу» та її вплив на діяльність підприємств. Виявлено чинники, які впливають на формування кадрової складової інноваційного розвитку економіки. Визначено, що процес кадрового забезпечення інноваційних процесів економіки пов'язаний з існуванням зокрема таких проблем: недостатнім рівнем формування у працівників якісних рис, необхідних для створення інновацій та запровадження їх на підприємстві; відсутністю сприятливих умов для ефективного використання наявного людського потенціалу в інноваційному процесі. Проаналізовано причини, чому працівники, зокрема, транспортних підприємств не зацікавлені у впровадженні інноваційних процесів: а саме, невідповідний рівень освіти, неформальна зайнятість, низька заробітна плата та заборгованість з виплати заробітної плати. Визначено класифікацію витрат на утримання робочої сили. Запропоновано модель розвитку персоналу на транспортних підприємствах.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess processes related to absorptive capacity (AC) dimensions in innovation-generating companies of traditional sectors in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Originality/value: Companies may establish differential advantages in the market due to how far they apply acquired knowledge and use organizational mechanisms. These mechanisms include intangible elements essential to the development of AC, a capacity that companies do not often recognize as important to generate innovation. Based on previous studies, we established a summary of AC elements and AC within its different dimensions. Then we created an assessment tool for AC analysis and knowledge generation dynamics in innovative micro-processes in organizations of the traditional sectors. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire with 47 items to assess potential and realized AC and their dimensions. We assessed two companies on their AC. These companies were participants of a project of the Núcleo de Apoio à Gestão da Inovação (Nagirs) of Instituto Euvaldo Lodi (IEL) in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, oriented to enhance innovation in traditional sectors. This study used content analysis and compared the evidence found with findings in the literature. Findings: The results suggested that, in companies of traditional sectors, AC can be considered explicative to innovation generation and the organizational dynamics orchestrating mechanisms for knowledge renewal. Data reveals that knowledge renewal requires managers and qualified workers’ engagement in search and application of external information that responds to the company’s strategic challenges. The study also contributes to establishing an assessment tool for AC in companies of traditional sectors.

Gebėjimas kurti inovacijas yra vienas svarbiausių kiekvienos šiuolaikinės organizacijos konkurencinio pranašumo šaltinių. Šiandienos aktualijų kontekste iškyla ypač reikšminga problema – lyderių vaidmuo organizuojant efektyvius žinių vadybos bei inovacijų kūrimo procesus. Nors lyderystės tema buvo analizuojama gana plačiai XX a. antrojoje pusėje, tačiau XXI a. pripažįstama, kad šio laikmečio organizacijoms reikalinga naujos kokybės lyderystė, nes organizacijos ir jų aplinka keičiasi iš esmės. Šiame straipsnyje yra analizuojami kintantys požiūriai į lyderystę ir jos vaidmenį šiuolaikinėje organizacijoje, susitelkiama į inovatyvios lyderystės sampratos ir jos raiškos ypatumų analizę, siekiant identifikuoti šio fenomeno dedamąsias ir jų sąsajas su žinių valdymo ir inovacijų kūrimo procesais. Išanalizavus reikšmingus šios temos aspektus, buvo nustatytos inovatyvios lyderystės, žinių valdymo ir inovacijų sąsajos ir suformuotas integralus teorinis inovatyvios lyderystės, žinių valdymo ir inovacijų kūrimo modelis organizacijoje. The ability to create innovations is one of the most important sources of a competitive advantage for every modern organization, region, and state. In today’s context as a particularly significant problem arises the issue of the role of leaders in organizing effective knowledge management and innovation processes. Although the topic of leadership was analyzed quite extensively in the second half of the 20th century, in the 21st century, it is recognized that organizations of this age need a new quality of leadership, as the organizations themselves and their environments are undergoing profound changes. This paper analyzes the changing approaches to leadership and its role in a modern organization, focusing on the concept of innovative leadership and its peculiarities in order to identify the components of this phenomenon and their links to knowledge management and innovation processes. After analyzing significant aspects of this topic, identified were the relationships between innovative leadership, knowledge management, and innovation performance, as well as an integral theoretical model of innovative leadership, knowledge management, and innovation performance for driving continuous innovation performance has been developed.

В статье освещена проблема формирования творческих способностей будущих медиков в реальном образовательном процессе; конкретизировано научное представление о содержании научных понятий исследования (творческие способности будущего медика, творческий образовательный процесс, творческая информационная деятельность студента медицинского вуза). В работе приведены результаты констатирующего эксперимента, описаны компоненты (когнитивный, технологический, информационнокоммуникационный и рефлексивно-аксиологический), показатели и критерии уровней развития творческих способностей будущего медицинского работника.

International audience; The purpose of this chapter is to present the challenges of an “integrative” approach to the maturation of concepts in the field of connected healthcare. The word “integrative”, meaning an approach considering the multiplicity of an innovation situation without belittling it, therefore the organization of third parties’ conception and imagination efforts does not reduce the multiplicity of their own knowledge, experiences and temporalities. After having recalled the strategic nature of concept maturation activities, the article draws on a case from another sector, the space sector, to draw lines of work in the field on connected healthcare.

Improving the efficiency of scientific and engineering work to develop methods for converting agricultural raw materials into food is the most important condition of output processing and food sectors of agriculture in the sixth technological structure. The purpose of this article is to formalize the process of creating a progressive technique of food technologies. The process of self-organizing technological systems, presents a model of dual mechanism of control with regard to the processes of food technology. It is shown that in the process of adaptation development of the technological system as purposefully improving the structure and functioning of the system: increases the efficiency of interaction with the external environment. This smoothed out the contradictions of the technological system and its the main thing, the main technical contradiction: «productivity – quality». The steps to be taken to ensure that the technological system of conditions for intensive development. It is concluded that the potential development of some technological systems is hidden in the perspective of automation, and others – is associated with adaptive development processes, in particular machines, devices and bioreactors. The paper shows that innovative and truly breakthrough developments leading to the creation of fundamentally new equipment and new generations of technological systems, possible only with the establishment of patterns of organization, structure, functioning and development of open systems, which are modern technologies of agriculture. The mechanism of control of technological object acts as a core of adaptive development, which implements the anti-entropic entity management object, formalizing the innovation process of innovative food processing technologies.

The construction industry generates the greatest quantity of solid waste in the world, which is now becoming an environmental and social problem for future generations. Efforts to decrease the impact of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) through mechanisms like clean production agreements, laws, decrees and legislation, among others, are not producing results. Therefore, this article describes a methodology to create a construction and demolition waste management plan (C&DWMP) based on processes of innovation and productive thinking. The plan, implemented in a construction project, aims to include strategies that not only classify and manage C&DW, but also avoid its production and disposal in landfills. The results show a high level of participation, involvement and open-mindedness from the project members. Their ability to come up with ideas and increase awareness to minimize waste was also an achievement. It should be noted that the effectiveness of the C&DW management plan is not presented from a quantitative point of view.

Проблемная статья актуализирует злободневные вопросы региональной системы профессионального музыкального образования, современное состояние которого имеет ряд негативных параметров. Об этом откровенно и остро говорили докладчики на конференции. Ценными для музыкально-педагогической общественности являются указания на предпринятые меры и предложения по выходу из создавшейся кризисной ситуации, которая характерна не только для сибирского региона, но и для всей страны. Ключевой идеей конференции и настоящей публикации является выработка новых возможностей для оптимального взаимодействия и преемственности учебных заведений, являющихся частью единой системы «школа - училище/колледж - вуз» (ШУВ), с целью улучшения отечественного профессионального музыкального образования.

Consideration is given to increasing efficiency and stimulating investment activity in the field of agricultural production. Innovative processes require assistance in the form of financial and credit support, targeted government preferences, as well as the creation of specialized infrastructure.

Various streams of foundational management literatures imply that corporate managers can play a role in the management of intra-organizational innovation processes. However, management scholars have largely assumed that corporate managers do not become actively involved in the management of intra-organizational innovation processes occurring within multidivisional firms. This assumption contrasts with the importance given in the management literature to innovation as an enabler of organizational long-term survival. To address this contrast, my dissertation explores why and how corporate managers adopt an active approach to the management of intra-organizational innovation processes in complex multidivisional firms. In the first paper, I map extant knowledge of innovation mechanisms onto an evolutionary multilevel framework. I synthesize uncovered mechanisms into structural, behavioural, and routinized corporate approaches to innovation management. I conclude this paper by proposing a comprehensive research agenda for exploring complex interactions between top-down and bottom-up innovation processes occurring within a multidivisional firm. In the second paper, I propose a mid-range theory of corporate innovation activism elaborating two novel concepts. The corporate innovation synergy concept encapsulates mechanisms available to corporate managers to increase the efficiency of intra-organizational innovation processes. The corporate innovation value-added concept concerns mechanisms available to corporate managers to qualitatively improve intra-organizational innovation processes in ways unavailable at the business unit level. I organize my arguments into a theoretical model and discuss limitations of my theory, offering important opportunities for future research. In the third paper, I explore the genesis of corporate managers’ capability to influence innovation management in a multidivisional firm; I call this the corporate innovation function. I combine proprietary narrative data with archival records to study the development of the corporate innovation function in 20 large multidivisional firms. Based on my observations of 17 corporate innovation processes, I develop a corporate innovation function typology comprised of collaborative, parallel-capability, and sponsorship corporate innovation function models. I link differences across the corporate innovation function configurations to firm-level innovation performance. In the fourth paper, I elaborate on the concept of dynamic corporate innovation capability, which enables a multidivisional firm to continuously discover, evaluate, and monetize innovations that are novel to the firm and the markets in which the firm operates. Exploiting further the proprietary narrative and archival dataset, I first establish the prototypical role of a senior innovation manager and identify four underlying mechanisms that enable the establishment of a dynamic corporate innovation capability: senior innovation manager legitimacy, corporate innovation ambition, corporate innovation processes, and corporate innovation routines. Using a system dynamics approach, I synthesize my findings in a dynamic model, disentangling the complex process of maintaining exploration in an organizational environment biased towards exploitation.

This research focuses on the role of a strategic scanning in innovation projects. More specifically, it focuses on the role of information from a strategic scanning on decision-making throughout an innovation process. The question of research is: what is the influence of a strategic scanning on decision making during the innovation process? The objective is to enrich the knowledge on a topic that has been little addressed in the literature and which meets real management problems. The originality of the article is to mobilize the theory of decision in situation (Klein's naturalistic approach) to study decision-making in innovation processes as a complex decision and thus the influence that strategic scanning can have on complex decisions. This research was conducted through a qualitative exploratory approach of 23 interviews. Our results show that strategic scanning has three roles during the innovation process. The role of environmental exploration implies that the day before feeds the innovation process to almost all phases. The influence of the watch tends to fade before it is regained once the innovation is introduced on the market. The second role is to confirm the decision maker’s intuition. Decision makers must make complex decisions of type GO/KILL/HOLD/RECYCLE and seek their intuition that they confirm thanks to the previous day. The third role of strategic scanning is to reduce the uncertainty that characterizes innovation processes by providing strategic information about the company's external environment. Finally, this research shows that strategic scanning is useful to make decisions when it is focused on strategic research axes and that its results are shared through rich media, either at face-to-face meetings with visual presentation in the form of infographics for example., Cette recherche porte sur le rôle d’un système d’information de veille stratégique dans des projets d’innovation. Plus précisément, elle porte sur le rôle des informations issues d’une activité de veille stratégique sur les prises de décision tout au long d’un processus d’innovation. La question de recherche est la suivante : Quelle est l’influence d’une activité de veille dans les prises de décisions au cours du processus d’innovation ? L’objectif est de contribuer à enrichir les connaissances sur un sujet qui a été peu abordé dans la littérature et qui rencontre de vraies problématiques managériales. L’originalité de l’article est de mobiliser la théorie de la décision en situation (approche naturalistique de Klein) pour étudier la prise de décision dans les processus d’innovation comme une décision complexe et ainsi l’influence que peuvent avoir des résultats d’une activité de veille sur des décisions complexes. Cette recherche fut menée grâce à une approche exploratoire qualitative de 23 entretiens. Nos résultats révèlent que la veille joue trois rôles au cours du processus d’innovation. Le rôle d’exploration de l’environnement implique le fait que la veille alimente le processus d’innovation à la quasi-totalité des phases. L’influence de la veille tend à s’estomper avant de connaître un regain une fois l’innovation introduite sur le marché. Le deuxième rôle est celui de confirmation de l’intuition des décideurs. Ces derniers ont à prendre des décisions complexes de type GO/KILL/HOLD/RECYCLE et sollicitent leur intuition qu’ils confirment grâce à la veille. Le troisième rôle de la veille est de réduire l’incertitude caractérisant les processus d’innovation en apportant des informations stratégiques de l’environnement extérieur de l’entreprise. Enfin, cette recherche montre que la veille est utile pour prendre des décisions lorsqu’elle est ciblée sur des axes de recherches stratégiques et que ses résultats sont partagés par le biais de médias riches, soit lors de réunions en face à face avec des supports visuels sous forme d’infographie par exemple.