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Environmental, cultural, and public service-dependent factors encourage the development of a country's tourism. In recent years, automated tourism development using statistical and accumulated data has been exploited to recommend attractive tourist features. This article thus discloses an intelligent development assessment method (IDAM) using cumulative factors (CFs) for deriving development-focused improvement in tourism. This method accounts for public services and environmental and cultural factors that promote tourism for better assessment. The fuzzy process identifies the maximum possible impacting factors by independently evaluating the reviewed values. Based on the reviewed values, the manipulation of factor relationships is derived to identify even trivial factors impacting development. The fuzzy outputs are thus integrated with optimistically impacting development factors to provide attractive recommendations. Such recommendations are analyzed using fuzzy data for previous and current development factors for new decisions. The system's efficiency was evaluated using the recommendation ratio, ensuring a 48.58% success rate, a development rate of 0.105%, a 4-factor detection rate, and a review-based assessment rate of 55.5% for a sample size of 5,000 visitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of solar water heating systems (SWHSs) has grown as an alternative source of energy to heat water. In Kenya, commercial premises are required to install these systems to conserve energy and the environment; however, after the SWHS has been designed and installed according to the relevant standard, post‐installation factors significantly influence its performance. In this study, the impact of user behavior and waiting time for hot water on the performance of SWHS is investigated using experimental tests and analysis. In the operations of SWHS, water that cools off in the piping system during idle time must be flushed before hot water is supplied, and generally, the cold water goes to waste. This wastage increases the water demand, the amount of liquid waste for disposal, the cost of recycling, and the energy demand for pumping the water. The proposed system involves installing instantaneous water heaters controlled by a fuzzy logic controller in an SWHS to heat water during waiting time and reduce energy and water wastage associated with waiting time and user behavior. The study was carried out in 15 hotels in Kenya. It was observed that installing instantaneous water heaters in an SWHS reduces the waiting time for hot water by 96.90%, saving 14.4 liters of cold water while the user behavior losses were reduced resulting in a saving of 54.6 liters of hot water. The energy savings associated with pumping water was 0.025 kWh per hotel room on average. From these savings, the running cost was reduced by 80.6%. With this hybrid system, an additional 0.117 kWh of energy was consumed by the 4.8 kW instantaneous heater to heat water during waiting time. From these findings, it's feasible to effectively reduce waiting time, reduce water wastage, and mitigate user behavior losses in hotels by incorporating instantaneous water heaters in SWHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the easy construction and low hardware cost of the lower-order chaotic maps, they tend to endure a restricted set of controlling parameters and convergence periodicity, making them inappropriate for many real-time implementations of ciphering devices. To provide solution to above stated difficulty, a high dimensional image cryptosystem is proposed in this work. This study offers a novel Five Dimensional Gauss-Logistic DNA System (GLDS). The 5D GLDS is a complex five dimensional combination with DNA encoding of two popular 2D chaotic systems. Due to extensive pixel scrambling, the cryptographic complexity of the 5D Gauss Logistic Map is significantly increased. Further it is used with another hybrid chaotic maps combination, to realize the enhanced security in this work. The latter hybrid system incorporates a triad map, namely, the Standard map, Sine map, and Logistic map, which makes the system more resilient to attacks. The results show that the encoded image's histograms are equally distributed, with entropy values that are significantly closer to their bit depth. The system allows for a very large key space that can withstand crypto attacks. The statistical findings and security analysis indicate that the proposed 5D GLDS provides quality security when compared to some established cryptographic threats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the optimal size of an autonomous hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for a residential application in Buea, located in the southwest region of Cameroon. Two hybrid systems, PV-Battery and PV-Battery-Diesel, have been evaluated in order to determine which was the better option. The goal of this research was to propose a dependable, low-cost power source as an alternative to the unreliable and highly unstable electricity grid in Buea. The decision criterion for the proposed HRES was the cost of energy (COE), while the system's dependability constraint was the loss of power supply probability (LPSP). The crayfish optimization algorithm (COA) was used to optimize the component sizes of the proposed HRES, and the results were contrasted to those obtained from the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), sine cosine algorithm (SCA), and grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA). The MATLAB software was used to model the components, criteria, and constraints of this single-objective optimization problem. The results obtained after simulation for LPSP of less than 1% showed that the COA algorithm outperformed the other three techniques, regardless of the configuration. Indeed, the COE obtained using the COA algorithm was 0.06%, 0.12%, and 1% lower than the COE provided by the WOA, SCA, and GOA algorithms, respectively, for the PV-Battery configuration. Likewise, for the PV-Battery-Diesel configuration, the COE obtained using the COA algorithm was 0.065%, 0.13%, and 0.39% lower than the COE provided by the WOA, SCA, and GOA algorithms, respectively. A comparative analysis of the outcomes obtained for the two configurations indicated that the PV-Battery-Diesel configuration exhibited a COE that was 4.32% lower in comparison to the PV-Battery configuration. Finally, the impact of the LPSP reduction on the COE was assessed in the PV-Battery-Diesel configuration. The decrease in LPSP resulted in an increase in COE owing to the nominal capacity of the diesel generator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for freshwater has become progressively critical due to population growth and water scarcity. The current work investigates the energetic performance of a hybrid absorption refrigeration and desalination system. A parametric study for the system operating conditions has been performed to get the optimal conditions. Also, economic analysis and a multi-objective optimization method are used with the aim of maximizing the energy utilization factor of the system and minimizing total costs. The specific cost of desalinated water from the multi-objective optimization is calculated as (1.728 Cent/L) with the greatest energy utilization factor of (2.214). It turns out that, the system performs optimum at condensation and generation temperatures of 30 and 65 °C respectively, with resultant COP and GOR of 0.84 and 1.37. Using the optimum conditions, TRNSYS has been used to investigate the transient performance of the system for Marsa–Matrouh City in Egypt. The cooling and freshwater demands are 10 kW and 24 L/h. It was concluded that the input energy required to run the hybrid system decreased by about 65% less than that required for separate systems. With the assistance of solar energy, it became clear that the energy required was 60% less than the hybrid system as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of semi‐artificial photosynthetic systems, which integrate metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with industrial microbial cell factories for light‐driven synthesis of fuels and valuable chemicals, represents a highly promising avenue for both research advancements and practical applications. In this study, an MOF (PCN‐222) utilizing racemic‐(4‐carboxyphenyl) porphyrin and zirconium chloride (ZrCl4) as primary constituents is synthesized. Employing a self‐assembly process, a hybrid system is constructed, integrating engineered Escherichia coli (E. coli) to investigate light‐driven hydrogen and lysine production. These results demonstrate that the light‐irradiated biohybrid system efficiently produce H2 with a quantum efficiency of 0.75% under full spectrum illumination, the elevated intracellular reducing power NADPH is also observed. By optimizing the conditions, the biohybrid system achieves a maximum lysine production of 18.25 mg L−1, surpassing that of pure bacteria by 332%. Further investigations into interfacial electron transfer mechanisms reveals that PCN‐222 efficiently captures light and facilitates the transfer of photo‐generated electrons into E. coli cells. It is proposed that the interfacial energy transfer process is mediated by riboflavin, with facilitation by secreted small organic acids acting as hole scavengers for PCN‐222. This study establishes a crucial foundation for future research into the light‐driven biomanufacturing using E. coli‐based hybrid systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to climate change and the imperative for sustainable energy solutions, this study investigates the feasibility of producing green hydrogen and associated e-fuels (methane, methanol, and ammonia) using a renewable energy hybrid system in Dakhla, Morocco. Utilizing the System Advisor Model (SAM) software for simulation-based analysis, the research evaluates a hybrid system combining concentrated solar power (CSP) and photovoltaic (PV) plants against standalone counterparts. Various simulations comparing standalone PV and CSP plants with a novel CSP/PV hybrid concept were carried out. The hybrid system demonstrates significant promise, exhibiting increased annual energy yield and capacity factors up to 90%, leading to enhanced efficiency, performance, and cost savings with a Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) approximating 17 cents/kWh. Furthermore, this paper conducts an in-depth exploration into the feasible production of hydrogen and its derived synthetic fuels utilizing hybrid renewable systems. The study provides a thorough examination of the production processes, yields, and efficiencies of hydrogen and its derivative e-fuels, with a focus on green hydrogen production through water electrolysis, CO2 hydrogenation, the Sabatier process, and the Haber-Bosch process. It sheds light on the potential applications of these fuels in the transportation sector, including in electric and hydrogen vehicles and aviation. The insights garnered are indispensable for crafting future strategies and policies in sustainable energy planning. These findings not only provide valuable direction for forthcoming initiatives in renewable energy but also underscore the pivotal role of hybridization in enhancing the efficient production and utilization of hydrogen within both renewable energy and transportation sectors. • PV and CSP systems to generate electricity for the Dakhla city was investigated. • A Hybrid system optimization has been proposed. • The Electricity surplus was used to produce hydrogen and hydrogen-based products. • Various scenarios for the heavy-duty application of e-fuel were presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fraud detection and prevention has received a lot of attention from the research community due to its high impact on financial institutions' revenues and reputation. The increased use of the web and the provision of online services open up the pathway for exposing these systems to numerous threats and jeopardizing their effective functioning. Naturally, financial frauds are increased in number and form imposing various requirements for their efficient and immediate detection. These requirements are related to the performance of the adopted models as well as the timely response of the decision-making mechanism. Machine learning and data mining are two research domains that can provide a number of techniques/algorithms for fraud detection and setup the road for mitigation actions. However, these methods still need to be improved with respect to the detection of unknown fraud patterns and the incorporation of big data processing mechanisms. This paper presents our attempt to build a hybrid system, i.e., a sequential scheme for combining two deep learning models and efficiently detecting potential financial frauds. We elaborate on the combination of an autoencoder and a Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network trained upon datasets which are processed through the use of an oversampling technique. Oversampling is adopted to handle heavily imbalanced datasets which is the 'natural' scenario due to the limited number of frauds compared to the humongous volumes of transactions. The proposed approach tends to capture much more fraud events in comparison with other conventional ML techniques. Our experimental evaluation exposes that our model exhibits a good performance in terms of recall and precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript is devoted to proving some results concerning the existence of solutions for a class of initial value problem for nonlinear implicit fractional Hybrid differential equations and improved conformable fractional derivative. The result is based on a fixed point theorem due to Dhage. Further, an example is provided for the justification of our main result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the utilization of wind power systems continues to increase, reducing overall system inertia, there is a consequential negative impact on the power system's ability to regulate frequency. Consequently, this study focuses on examining the fast-frequency regulation in high penetration of wind power, especially doubly fed induction generators—the most commonly installed wind turbine type, and an energy storage system installed in the wind farm. This study proposes a coordinated control of wind turbine generators and battery energy storage systems that provides fast-frequency regulation to the system while simultaneously ensuring the safety of the battery. Firstly, the fast-frequency regulation capability of the wind turbine will be studied. Secondly, primary frequency control of the battery energy storage system considering adaptive droop control based on state of charge is proposed to prevent both over-charging and over-discharging of the battery. Finally, this study proposed a coordinated fast-frequency regulation approach for the hybrid wind-storage system, which is evaluated under various wind speed scenarios. This approach involves a detailed analysis of the operational characteristics of the wind turbine generators to ensure optimal performance. The proposed method is validated through simulation using a MATLAB model of the wind-storage system, and comparative results with alternative control methods confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach in raising the frequency nadir and avoiding the secondary frequency dip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a new low-damage hybrid steel–timber rocking braced frame with self-centring capability and proposes a design methodology in the framework of Canadian design standards. This system consists of a gravity load-resisting timber frame and a steel concentrically braced frame acting as the lateral load-resisting system that is connected using U-shaped steel fuses. The self-centring capability is achieved by post-tensioning strands and rocking bases within the lateral load-resisting system. The system, along with its components, is first introduced. The proposed design method and system performance objectives are then presented. The seismic performance of the system and the proposed design procedure are validated through numerical analyses considering the interaction between the lateral and gravity load-resisting systems. The results of dynamic analyses confirm the enhanced seismic performance of the proposed hybrid system with almost no residual deformations after the earthquake. Moreover, the proposed design guidelines can accurately predict the system's seismic response and demands imposed on the members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper concerns with the global threshold dynamics of a Tuberculosis (TB) model incorporating age‐space structure, treatment, and relapse. The original model is converted into a hybrid system comprising two Volterra integral equations and two partial differential equations by integrating along the characteristic line. The well‐posedness for the model is demonstrated by using the fixed point theory in conjunction with the induction method. In order to discuss whether a disease is persistent or extinct, we provide the explicit formulation of the basic reproduction number. By analyzing the distribution of the characteristic roots of the characteristic equations and constructing the proper Lyapunov functionals, the local and global stability for the steady states are addressed. Numerical simulations are conducted to confirm the conclusions of our analytical results and reveal that reduction of the TB transmission coefficient, reduction of infectiousness of treated individuals infected with TB, and increasing the treatment rate of infectious class are three feasible measures to control the transmission of TB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising complementary technology to its radio frequency (RF) counterpart to satisfy the high quality-of-service (QoS) requirements of intelligent vehicular communications by reusing LED street lights. In this paper, a hybrid handover scheme for vehicular VLC/RF communication networks is proposed to balance QoS and handover costs by considering the vertical handover and horizontal handover together judging from the mobile state of the vehicle. A Markov decision process (MDP) is formulated to describe this hybrid handover problem, with a cost function balancing the handover consumption, delay, and reliability. A value iteration algorithm was applied to solve the optimal handover policy. The simulation results demonstrated the performance of the proposed hybrid handover scheme in comparison to other benchmark schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to provide a fault diagnosis approach for Hybrid Dynamic (SDHs), Systems and FaultTolerant Control synthesis, while also ensuring the smooth operation of industrial settings. This study is a part of the larger topic of Hybrid Dynamic System control and fault diagnosis. The primary focus is on modelling strategies designed expressly for Hybrid Dynamic Systems, with a concentration on combining continuous and event-driven components. Much work is devoted to developing a model that can incorporate both kinds of elements. A system model that can track several modes without explicit identification can be created by utilizing Neuro-Fuzzy Networks, providing a thorough overview. On the basis of this synthesized model, an AI-based fault diagnosis method is subsequently developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the Caputo fractional derivative is assumed to be the prey–predator model. In order to create Caputo fractional differential equations for the prey–predator model, a discretization process is first used. The fixed points of the model are categorized topologically. We identify requirements for the fixed points of the suggested prey–predator model's local asymptotic stability. We demonstrate analytically that, under specific parametric conditions, a fractional order prey–predator model supports both a Neimark–Sacker (NS) bifurcation and a Flip bifurcation. We present evidence for NS and Flip bifurcations using central manifold and bifurcation theory. The parameter values and the initial conditions have been found to have a profound impact on the dynamical behavior of the fractional order prey–predator model. As the bifurcation parameter is increased, the system displays chaotic behavior. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate chaotic behaviors like bifurcations, phase portraits, invariant closed cycles, and attractive chaotic sets in addition to validating analytical conclusions. The suggested prey–predator dynamical system's chaotic behavior will be controlled by the OGY and hybrid control methodology, which will also visualize the chaotic state for various biological parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanofluids, due to their complex behavior and enhanced thermal properties, are utilized across chemical, biotechnology and thermal engineering disciplines. They are particularly integral to heat transfer processes in heavy machinery and vehicles. This study introduces a novel method for analyzing heat transfer within a tetra nanofluid system through a hybrid analytical and numerical approach. Our research primarily examines the dynamics of a magneto Williamson hybrid tetra nanofluid embedded with motile gyrotactic microorganisms. The study is designed around two scenarios: one investigates the behavior of an Al2O3–Cu–CuO–Cobalt/Engine oil nanofluid under suction conditions, and the other under injection conditions. By employing similarity variables, we transform the original fluid flow equations into nonlinear differential equations to further explore the influence of various physical parameters on the fluid's flow. Such parameters include the nanofluid temperature and velocity as well as the concentration of nanoparticles, and the volume fraction of motile gyrotactic microorganisms. The optimization of the numerical results for skin friction, Nusselt number, Sherwood number and microorganisms concentration is validated through response surface optimization techniques. Additionally, the study utilizes Matlab's bvp4c function to examine the thermal efficiency and characteristics of fluid flow across a spectrum of parameter values. The study investigates two-dimensional boundary layer flow over a stretched sheet in a nanofluid with gyrotactic microorganisms under a magnetic field. Assumptions include no nanoparticle aggregation and negligible induced magnetic field. Key parameters include stretching velocity Uw, mass flux velocity v0, and positive y-direction magnetic field B0. We found that the microorganisms maintain nanoparticle suspension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optical bistable characteristics of an optomechanical ring cavity containing a two-level atomic ensemble and Coulomb interaction between a cavity mirror and an external nanoresonator are theoretically investigated. Dynamics of the hybrid systems is actuated by Heisenberg–Langevin equations of motion. We derive the mean photon number equation and study the steady-state solution behavior. The optomechanical ring cavity exhibits the optical bistability by selecting appropriate parameters. In addition, we investigate the effect of parameters on optical bistability. The optical bistability threshold and the width of the optical bistability curve can be controlled by adjusting the vibration frequencies of the movable mirrors, the two-level atomic ensemble coupling strength, Coulomb interaction coupling strength between a cavity mirror and an external nanoresonator and the cavity decay rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Fluid flows through rotatory disks are encountered in industrial and practical engineering processes, such as computer storage devices, gas turbine rotators, rotating machinery, air cleaning machines, etc. The primary purpose of this research is to examine the combined aspects of variable electrical conductivity, thermal radiation, Soret and Dufour effects on a magnetohydrodynamic Maxwell single-walled carbon nanotubes–graphene oxide–multi-walled carbon nanotubes–copper (SWCNT–GO–MWCNT–Cu)/sodium alginate tetra-hybrid nanofluid flow through a stretchable rotatory disk. Design/methodology/approach: The modeled administrative equations of the present flow problem are converted to a non-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations by applying suitable similarity conversion and then solved numerically by implementing the bvp4c method. The impressions of noteworthy dimensionless parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration distributions, Nusselt number, skin friction and Sherwood number are reported via graphs and tables. Findings: The authors figured out that the developed values of the rotation parameter diminish the temperature but enhance both the radial and angular velocities. Further, the mass and heat transmission rates are better for tetra-hybrid nanofluids than for ternary and hybrid nanofluids. Originality/value: The present study emphasizes a special type of fluid called the tetra-hybrid nanofluid. The existing literature has not discussed the Maxwell tetra hybrid nanofluid flow through a stretchable rotatory disk with variable electrical conductivity. Besides, the novel aspects of magnetohydrodynamics, thermal radiation, Soret and Dufour effects are also incorporated into the present flow problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To enhance the information transfer rate (ITR) of a steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based speller, more characters with flickering symbols should be used. Increasing the number of symbols might reduce the classification accuracy. A hybrid brain-computer interface (BCI) improves the overall performance of a BCI system by taking advantage of two or more control signals. In a simultaneous hybrid BCI, various modalities work with each other simultaneously, which enhances the ITR. Methods: In our proposed speller, simultaneous combination of electromyogram (EMG) and SSVEP was applied to increase the ITR. To achieve 36 characters, only nine stimulus symbols were used. Each symbol allowed the selection of four characters based on four states of muscle activity. The SSVEP detected which symbol the subject was focusing on and the EMG determined the target character out of the four characters dedicated to that symbol. The frequency rate for character encoding was applied in the EMG modality and latency was considered in the SSVEP modality. Online experiments were carried out on 10 healthy subjects. Results: The average ITR of this hybrid system was 96.1 bit/min with an accuracy of 91.2%. The speller speed was 20.9 char/min. Different subjects had various latency values. We used an average latency of 0.2 s across all subjects. Evaluation of each modality showed that the SSVEP classification accuracy varied for different subjects, ranging from 80% to 100%, while the EMG classification accuracy was approximately 100% for all subjects. Conclusions: Our proposed hybrid BCI speller showed improved system speed compared with state-of-the-art systems based on SSVEP or SSVEP-EMG, and can provide a user-friendly, practical system for speller applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel Modified Deep Fuzzy Clustering (MDFC) based classification model involves four major phases. They are preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and finally, detection and classification phase. To reduce noise and smooth the edges of the input image of the cotton crop, bilateral filtering is first used as a preprocessing approach. Next, a modified deep fuzzy clustering is suggested for the segmentation procedure that creates a collection of segments from the preprocessed image. The segmented image is then processed to extract relevant characteristics by using an enhanced Pyramid of Histogram Orientation Gradient (PHOG), Local Directional Ternary Pattern (LDTP), and statistical‐based features. In order to detect and classify cotton crop diseases more effectively, this paper proposes a hybrid system. Here, the features are put through a detection phase, after which the extracted features are trained in the Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi‐GRU) model to determine whether or not the cotton crop is infected. Once it is detected to be diseased, the type of disease is classified via an improved Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). In terms of several performance metrics, the proposed model is validated in comparison with the traditional approaches. The MDFC‐based classification model outperforms existing models with a specificity of 0.9687 at a learning rate of 90. In contrast, other models achieve lower specificities: Bi‐GRU (0.8436), RNN (0.8359), CNN (0.8654), LSTM (0.8769), SVM (0.7983), VGG16 (0.8619), DCNN (0.8725), BI‐RNN + BI‐LSTM (0.7869), and NN + CNN (0.85478). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a hybrid conceptual and performance assessment integrated dispute risk system that enables construction professionals to evaluate, track, and manage construction disputes. It establishes a correlation between dispute-contributing factors and their respective preconstruction stages, facilitating early dispute detection and mitigation before the construction phase. This method can be applied to gauge the effectiveness of the preconstruction phase in relation to its influence on the emergence of disputes. Through an extensive literature review, expert interviews, and the Delphi technique, 48 key risk factors were identified and categorized into four groups. Eighteen experts were selected using purposive sampling, and their survey responses were checked for normality and reliability using the Shapiro–Wilk test and Cronbach's alpha. The Delphi method was employed to reach a consensus among the panelists after two rounds of evaluation, using the nonparametric statistical parameters, such as Kendall's coefficient of concordance and chi-squared. Subsequently, the interrater agreement (IRA) was measured, and the dispute factors were ranked. Based on the ranking results, a novel integrated hybrid system was formulated that synergistically combines a hybrid conceptual and performance assessment framework with a fuzzy logic–structural equation model (SEM). The proposed hybrid system includes two key components: a unique conceptual and performance assessment framework and a hybrid model that combines fuzzy logic and SEM. This combined approach captures uncertainty and ambiguity in assessing dispute risks related to probability and severity, providing a more precise evaluation of disputes in construction projects. Additionally, the introduction of new dispute categories specifically targeting the preconstruction phase proactively deals with potential disputes before the construction begins. This advanced integrated hybrid system can be an effective preconstruction assessment tool for evaluating and managing various dispute factors, enabling project managers to proactively assess, manage, and mitigate construction disputes between project parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hybrid optimization filter for weather and wave numerical models is proposed and tested in this study. Parametrized Artificial Neural Networks are utilized in conjunction with Extended Kalman Filters to provide a novel postprocess strategy for 10 m wind speed, 2 m air temperature, and significant wave height simulations. The innovation of the developed model is the implementation of Feedforward Neural Networks and Radial Basis Function Neural Networks as estimators of an exogenous parameter that adjusts the covariance matrices of the Extended Kalman Filter process. This hybrid system is evaluated through a time window process leading to promising results, thus enabling a decrease in systematic errors alongside the restriction of the error variability and the corresponding forecast uncertainty. The obtained results showed that the average reduction of the systematic error exceeded 75%, while the corresponding nonsystematic part of that error decreased by 35%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: To enhance the efficiency and prolong the battery life of hybrid energy systems equipped with battery and supercapacitor for a pure electric loader, this paper proposes a real‐time energy management strategy based on model predictive control (MPC). First, the working characteristics of the loader and the topology structure of the hybrid energy are analyzed. Second, considering the repetitive operation model of electric loaders, a neural network algorithm based on long short‐term memory is used to predict power and a dynamic programming algorithm is used as the rolling optimization solution for MPC strategy. Finally, the MPC is verified using the simulation in MATLAB/Simulink. The results indicate that compared with other strategies, the MPC strategy can improve hybrid energy efficiency and reduce the maximum battery current fluctuations. The proposed method demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the hybrid energy system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of various communication technologies has made it possible to connect any intelligent device with each other and to the Internet. However, with the proliferation of such devices, the need for dynamic networks that require less efforts in managing and optimizing end users experience is mounting at a fast pace. Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are a good choice not only to meeting users demands but also to reducing maintenance and upfront costs. Nevertheless, deploying a reliable highly connected WMN at low cost requires the utilization of the least possible mesh routers, yet fully interconnected and able to cover all mesh clients. To cope with these challenges, we have previously implemented a hybrid intelligent system, called WMN-PSODGA, which combines two intelligent algorithms: Particle Swarm Optimization and Distributed Genetic Algorithm. In this paper, we consider Boulevard and Stadium distributions of mesh clients and evaluate the performance of the WMN for different router replacement methods. By comparing the simulation results for each distribution and router replacement method, we conclude that the best scenario in terms of client coverage, router connectivity and load balancing is Stadium distribution with Rational Decrement of Vmax Method as a router replacement method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to address the challenge of reducing the build time of a fused deposition modeling (FDM) system while maintaining part strength, proposing a hybrid technique combining photopolymerization and FDM. Design/methodology/approach: For developing the hybrid system, a standard FDM machine was modified to incorporate necessary components so that the whole system can be operated with a single interface; further, the samples were fabricated with conventional and modified process to evaluate the efficacy of the developed system, to determine the extent of time reduction that the proposed methodology can obtain, additionally different sort of 3D models were selected and their build time was compared. Findings: The modified hybrid mechanism can successfully fabricate parts with a modified G-code. The simulation of the technique shows that a reduction of 34%–87% can be achieved for simpler models such as cube while a reduction ranging from 30.6%–87.8% was observed for complex models. An increase in strength of 6.58%, 11.51% and 37.32% was observed in X, Y and Z directions, along with a significant increase in toughness as compared with FDM parts for parts fabricated with the developed mechanism. Practical implications: The modified mechanism could be used for fast fabrication purposes, which could be very useful for serving situations such as emergency health care, rapid tooling. Originality/value: This research contributes a novel hybrid technique for additive manufacturing, offering a substantial reduction in build time without compromising mechanical properties, even increasing them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study has been done to investigate the behavior of water-based hybrid nanofluid impinges on a stretching sheet at arbitrary inclination angles. The velocity slip and convective heat transfer are considered at the sheet's surface. This problem formulation consists of Al 2 O 3 and Cu as nanoparticles with water as a base fluid. Some scaling variables are used for constructing ordinary differential equations from partial differential equations. The resulting equations are solved using bvp4c fourth-order boundary value solver in MATLAB. Graphical representations of the fluctuations in velocity, temperature, Nusselt number, and shear stress components are shown with important physical parameters. The variation in Nusselt number and shear stress components are displayed for different impinging angles of the fluid. When inclined angles are increased from 15 ∘ to 60 ∘ along with a change in the Biot number from 1 to 4, the rate of heat transmission grows from 6.15% to near 10%. Additionally, under the same angle elevation, the Nusselt number increases from 5.8% to 12.56% when the slip parameter's value is increased from 1 to 4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photon-magnon coupling (PMC) integrates microwave or optical photons with magnons, aiming to exploit their distinct strengths in a unified hybrid quantum system, for potential applications in quantum information science and technology. By utilizing numerical simulations, we design a planar hybrid system comprising a hexagonal-ring resonator (HRR) and yttrium iron garnet (YIG) thin film to explore the interaction between microwave photons and magnons. The anti-crossing effects between the HRR's photon mode and the YIG's magnon modes were observed in |S21|-frequency plots under various externally applied magnetic fields. An equivalent theoretical model, based on coupled oscillators, accurately replicated the observed anti-crossing effect and provided estimates for the PMC strength. Furthermore, we explored the behavior of the photon-magnon interaction by altering the position of the YIG film on the HRR's track width, allowing for a more reliable control of the PMC strength variable within the range of 38.78 to 126.6 MHz (nearly 200%) in the planar-geometry HRR/YIG hybrid system. This study opens avenues for designing novel hybrid systems with effective control over the strength of PMC in a planar geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: The thermal decomposition process of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine/hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HMX/HTPB) hybrid explosives and pure HMX explosives at different temperatures (2000 ~ 3500 K) was investigated using the reactive molecular dynamics method. This study aimed to analyze the effect of binders on the thermal decomposition of HMX at the atomic scale and reveal the thermal decomposition mechanism of HMX/HTPB. The results showed that the thermal decomposition process of the HMX molecule in the HMX/HTPB hybrid system involves a continuous denitration followed by the disintegration of the main ring. The HTPB chain will experience dehydrogenation, dehydroxylation, and chain fragmentation. Including HTPB in the hybrid system significantly increased the presence of H and OH radicals. These radicals then interacted with HMX and its decomposition products and produced more of the final products H2O and H2 in the HMX/HTPB hybrid system compared to pure HMX. Additionally, it was observed that the HTPB chain fragments attached to the HMX decomposition products prevented the formation of N2 and CO2. Furthermore, the activation energies (Ea) of the initial and intermediate decomposition stages of the HMX/HTPB hybrid system were 98.45 kJ mol−1 and 90.69 kJ mol−1, respectively. The results showed that the activation energies of the HMX/HTPB hybrid system are lower than the pure HMX system in these two stages. Consequently, HTPB will enhance HMX's thermal decomposition and decreased the system's insensitivity to heat stimuli. Methods: The molecular dynamics simulation of the HMX/HTPB hybrid system was performed using the ReaxFF module in the LAMMPS software, and the ReaxFF/lg force field was used to describe the interatomic interactions as well as the chemical reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents π HyFlow, a modular approach to the process interaction worldview (PI). Traditionally, PI supports a set of interacting processes without enabling modular and hierarchical model definition. π HyFlow basic models define a dynamic set of processes while also enabling a modular interface for supporting model composition. π HyFlow allows an exact representation of continuous signals based on the concepts of dense outputs, and generalized sampling. π HyFlow ability to support accurate models of hybrid systems is presented through a DC-DC converter (DCC) based on a resistor–capacitor (RC) electrical circuit. The DCC output voltage can be modeled by a first-order differential equation that is solved using an exponential time differencing (ETD) integrator. The DCC network model uses a digital on-off controller and an ETD. Simulation results are generated by π HyFlow ++, a C++ implementation of the formalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed in this paper a morphological disambiguation hybrid system for the Arabic language that identifies the stem, lemma and root of a given sentence words. Following an out-of-context analysis performed by the morphological analyser Alkhalil Morpho Sys, the system first identifies all the potential tags of each word of the sentence. Then, a disambiguation phase is carried out to choose for each word the right solution among those obtained during the first phase. This problem has been solved by equating the disambiguation issue with a surface optimization problem of spline functions. Tests have shown the interest of this approach and the superiority of its performances compared to those of the state of the art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal energy storage (TES) systems have been verified to be a promising solution for reducing the imbalance between energy supply and demand; however, sensible and latent thermal storage systems have certain limitations. To minimize the issues of rapid drop of temperature in sensible storage and poor heat transfer in latent storage, novel thermal energy storage should be designed. Considering this, combined sensible-latent TES system was developed to mitigate the drawbacks of individual sensible and latent storage. This study aims to investigate experimentally the impact of various volume fractions of phase change material (PCM) in the proposed system on thermal performance and also in terms of economics. The results demonstrated that 60% PCM volume fraction had 50.03% lower capacity cost, 165.4% higher storage capacity, 168.8% higher storage density, and 26.47% efficiency than the sensible TES. Furthermore, 60% volume fraction of PCM had a 13.09% lower installation cost, 4.77% and 11.69% lower charging/discharging time, and 12.64% higher efficiency than the latent storage system. This concludes that under the assumptions of the current study, a 60% volume fraction of PCM is the optimal design parameter for a combined sensible-latent TES system for achieving the best performance in terms of cost and thermal performance. • A novel hybrid combined sensible-latent thermal energy storage system proposed • Effect of different volume fractions of PCM on thermal performance is presented. • Assessed the economic viability of different volume fractions of PCM. • 60% volume fraction of PCM is the optimal design parameter for proposed system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The improper management of wastewater has become a pressing global environmental issue, demanding immediate attention from the scientific community. A significant concern arises from the increasing presence of "emerging contaminants (ECs)," synthetic compounds detected in minute concentrations across diverse environmental matrices. Recent reports emphasize the prevalence of ECs in wastewater due to unregulated discharges of pharmaceuticals, drugs, endocrine disruptors, pesticides, and various pollutants. The widespread distribution and impact of ECs underscore the necessity for effective removal strategies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of sustainable wastewater treatment techniques, evaluating their effectiveness and long-term viability. Employing bibliometric analyses on 2785 research papers published between 2016 and 2023 from databases like Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar, the study reveals Asia, Europe, and North America as major contributors to global EC prevalence. The paper thoroughly assesses experimental conditions and performance of various treatment methods, focusing on phase-changing techniques like membrane processes, adsorption onto solid substrates, advanced oxidation, and biological treatments for removing 55 + different ECs. Among the notable approaches, hybrid constructed wetlands emerge as a sustainable solution, demonstrating enhanced effectiveness. The review also addresses practical challenges, including cost-effectiveness and scalability, while exploring the social and economic repercussions of ECs and their treatment. By consolidating insights from diverse sources, this paper serves as valuable resources for researchers aiming to mitigate the adverse effects of ECs on the environment and human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiral multiferroics offer remarkable capabilities for controlling quantum devices at multiple levels. However, these materials are rare due to the competing requirements of long-range orders and strict symmetry constraints. In this study, we present experimental evidence that the coexistence of ferroelectric, magnetic orders, and crystallographic chirality is achievable in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [(R/S)-β-methylphenethylamine]2CuCl4. By employing Landau symmetry mode analysis, we investigate the interplay between chirality and ferroic orders and propose a novel mechanism for chirality transfer in hybrid systems. This mechanism involves the coupling of non-chiral distortions, characterized by defining a pseudo-scalar quantity, ξ = p ⋅ r (p represents the ferroelectric displacement vector and r denotes the ferro-rotational vector), which distinguishes between (R)- and (S)-chirality based on its sign. Moreover, the reversal of this descriptor's sign can be associated with coordinated transitions in ferroelectric distortions, Jahn-Teller antiferro-distortions, and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya vectors, indicating the mediating role of crystallographic chirality in magnetoelectric correlations. Chiral multiferroics are rare materials. Here the authors report that ferroelectric, magnetic orders, and chirality coexist in copper hybrid perovskites and reveal a hybrid-improper chiral transfer mechanism by defining a pseudo-scalar order parameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hybrid System of Fluidization-sediment flushing is a dredging technique that combines the functions of fluidization and suction in the same fluidization pipe using a perforation pipe. The purpose of this study was to address an easier dredging method using fluidization pipes. 2-dimensional (2D) experimental physical modeling research and multiple linear regression analysis were used to process the test result. The results found that for optimal sediment flushing after the sediment layer was agitated by fluidization, the influence parameter was analyzed must follow the limitations of the experimental result, such as the hole diameter (Df) is not more than 5 mm (Df < 5 mm), the hole distance (ɑ) is less than 5 cm (ɑ/db < 5 cm), the pump head (HP) is small, and the fluidization pipe depth/sediment thickness (db) can be larger. The research findings are presented in the correlation equation which indicates the relationship of dimensionless parameters was Vs/Vw = 1/Df ((ɑ/db), (HP/db), (t.(g×0.5)/(db0.5)), (v/(g.db(S – 1)0.5)) which can be applied to 3-dimensional experiments and field experiments. One of the advantages of the hybrid system of fluidization-flushing sediment is its ease of use and lack of impact on the aquatic environment as a dredging technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, a renewable energy hybrid system (PV-Wind) is modeled to compare different design options based on their economic and technical features. The energy requirements of a Reversible Osmosis desalination plant located on the island of Tenerife with a water production capacity of up to 20,000 m3/day was considered. The system is connected to the electricity grid. The HOMER software, version 2.75 was used to produce optimum strategies for renewable energy. The assumptions input into the model were: the technical specifications of the devices, electricity demand of the desalination plant, as well as the solar radiation and the wind speed potentials. Numerous arrangements were considered by the software, version 2.75. The optimal results were obtained based on the use of renewable energy. The data used in the study were recorded in Tenerife in the Canary Islands. The experience of this research could be transferred to other Atlantic islands with similar renewable energy sources (specifically the wind) and water scarce conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar desalination is a broad research field in the production of freshwater. The efficiency of the natural conversion solar desalination system is the only limitation to becoming its commercialization. It needs 1 m2 area for getting approximately 4.5 L of fresh water/day. In active methods 1 m2 area of solar still produce yield up to 10 L/day. In this study a new technology of fixing the photovoltaic cell (PV cells) in the natural passive solar still condenser glass to harvest both freshwater as well as electrical power generation is proposed. The experiments were carried out with conventional solar still of a glass surface area of 0.5 m2, still with an effective glass surface area of 0.3812 m2 and 36 PV cells taken up area of 0.1188 m2, and still with effective glass surface area of 0.3020 m2 and 60 PV cells taken up area of 0.198 m2. The study found that conventional solar still produced 2140 mL/day of yield, still with 36 PV cells produced 1380 mL/day of yield and 98 W of electrical power and still with 60 PV cells produced 840 mL/day of yield and 165 W of electrical power. This hybrid system, solar still with PV cells, produce both fresh water and electrical power. The fresh water yield and electrical power generation depends on the effective area of the solar still glass surface area and area occupied by PV cells attached to the solar still glass cover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, we investigate the existence of solution for a class of coupled fractional impulsive hybrid integro-differential equations with hybrid boundary conditions. Our primary tools for this analysis are the Banach contraction mapping principle (BCMP) and Schaefer’s fixed point theorem. This study ended with two applied examples to facilitate understanding of the theoretical results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an intelligent stochastic model is recommended for the optimization of a hybrid system that encompasses wind energy sources, battery storage, combined heat and power generation, and thermal energy storage (Wind/Battery/CHP/TES), with the inclusion of electric and thermal storages through the cloud theory model. The framework aims to minimize the costs of planning, such as construction, maintenance, operation, and environmental pollution costs, to determine the best configuration of the resources and storage units to ensure efficient electricity and heat supply simultaneously. A novel meta-heuristic optimization algorithm named improved horse herd optimizer (IHHO) is applied to find the decision variables. Rosenbrock's direct rotational technique is applied to the conventional horse herd optimizer (HHO) to improve the algorithm's performance against premature convergence in the optimization due to the complexity of the problem, and its capability is evaluated with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and manta ray foraging optimization (MRFO) methods. Also, the cloud theory-based stochastic model is recommended for solving problems with uncertainties of system generation and demand. The obtained results are evaluated in three simulation scenarios including (1) Wind/Battery, (2) Wind/Battery/CHP, and (3) Wind/Battery/CHP/TES systems to implement the proposed methodology and evaluate its effectiveness. The results show that scenario 3 is the best configuration to meet electrical and thermal loads, with the lowest planning cost (12.98% less than scenario 1). Also, the superiority of the IHHO is proven with more accurate answers and higher convergence rates in contrast to the conventional HHO, PSO, and MRFO. Moreover, the results show that when considering the cloud theory-based stochastic model, the costs of annual planning are increased for scenarios 1 to 3 by 4.00%, 4.20%, and 3.96%, respectively, compared to the deterministic model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering impulse time windows and the actuator saturation, we put forward a novel aperiodic hybrid control scheme to achieve the exponential synchronization of two nonlinear dynamical systems (NDSs). Different from the existing research, the actuator saturation of two types of control signals and impulse time windows are both considered in the exponential synchronization analysis. Some sufficient conditions are found with designing the hybrid controller, and the attraction domain (AD) of the error system is also estimated. On the other hand, the conditions which can ensure the exponential synchronization between two NDSs with this hybrid control without saturation limit are also given. Finally, experimental results for the synchronization of three dimensional Hopfield‐type neural networks and the image reproduction based on the synchronization of neural networks demonstrate the feasibility of our theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a hybrid systems approach to address the self-triggered leader-following consensus problem of nonlinear multi-agent systems. First, a distributed dynamic output feedback consensus control protocol is proposed, and a novel hybrid dynamic self-triggering mechanism (HDSTM), which can provide a pre-designable minimum triggering interval (MITI) for the adjacent events, is developed to reduce the usage of communication resources. Then, by means of internal variables, a hybrid model, including both flow and jump dynamics, is constructed to describe the closed-loop dynamics. Based on this hybrid model, Lyapunov-based consensus analysis and HDSTM design results are derived. Compared to the existing related works, the main superiority of the proposed approach is that the inter-event communication intervals can always be computed in advance and no less than the given MITI. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hybrid system can extend the range of special vehicles and meet the electrical requirements of on-board equipment. In this paper, the driving force plummet problem of a new two-gear power-split hybrid system was studied during gear switches in a hybrid mode. The dynamic model of a hybrid electric system was established, and the effects of the engine angular acceleration and angular jerk on vehicle power and ride performance were obtained. The optimal ratio of the torque change rate of the motor and engine in the mode switch process was proposed. Considering the battery limitation and the external characteristics of the engine, the method of determining the target speed of the engine during shifting was proposed. Considering the response characteristics of each power source, the dynamic coordinated control strategy of multiple power sources in the mode switch process was proposed. The vehicle dynamics model was established based on the Matlab/Simulink 2020b and verified by simulation and a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test. The results show that the dynamic coordinated control strategy can reduce the peak impact by 80.33%, effectively improve the vehicle power and ride performance, and prevent the occurrence of high-current battery charging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells, the application of hybrid power systems is becoming more and more widespread. To better optimize the energy management problem of fuel cell hybrid systems, the accuracy of system modeling and simulation is very important. The hybrid system is formed by connecting the battery to the fuel cell through an active topology. Digital twin technology is applicable to the mapping of physical entities to each other with high interactivity and fast optimization iterations. In this paper, a relevant model based on mathematical logic is established by collecting actual operational data; subsequently, the accuracy of the model is verified by combining relevant operating conditions and simulating the model. Subsequently, a three-dimensional visualization model of a hybrid power system-based sightseeing vehicle and its operating environment was established using digital twin technology to improve the model simulation of the fuel cell hybrid power system. At low speeds, the simulation results of the hybrid power system-based sightseeing vehicle have a small error compared with the actual running state, and the accuracy of the data related to each internal subcomponent is high. In the simple interaction between the model display vehicle and the environment, the communication state can meet the basic requirements of the digital twin model because the amount of data to be transferred is small. This study makes a preliminary attempt at digital parallelism by combining mathematical logic with visualization models and can be used as a basis for the subsequent development of more mature digital twin models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of renewable energy sources necessitates effective thermal management of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) to maintain grid stability. This study aims to address this need by examining various thermal management approaches for BESS, specifically within the context of Virtual Power Plants (VPP). It evaluates the effectiveness, safety features, reliability, cost-efficiency, and appropriateness of these systems for VPP applications. Among the various hybrid cooling options, two notably promising combinations are highlighted. First, the integration of heat pipes with phase change materials, which effectively conduct heat away from sources with minimal temperature differences, enabling swift heat transfer. Second, the combination of heat pipes with liquid passive cooling, which utilizes the efficient heat transfer properties of heat pipes and the steady cooling offered by liquid systems. This study offers recommendations for choosing the best thermal management system based on climate conditions and geographic location, thereby enhancing BESS performance and sustainability within VPPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to determine the environmental benefits associated with the implementation of a solar PV system to complement the conventional Electricité Du Liban/genset electrical system for the delivery of energy to an industrial facility. The selected case study is a juice manufacturing industrial facility located in Lebanon. Its energy demand is 6000 MWh/year. The components of the PV/hybrid energy system are the following: one 420 modules PV generator, seven three-phase grid-dependent inverters, three 1000 kW generators and one 500 kW generator. The ecoinvent database is used to model the life cycle inventory, and the IMPACT 2002+ methodology is used for the life cycle impact assessment. Results show at the assembly level that the manufacturing of the photovoltaic modules, mounting system components, inverters and cables results in harmful emissions that increase the system's environmental impacts. However, a comparative analysis between the entire life cycle of the PV/hybrid system and the conventional system indicates that the incorporation of the photovoltaic system results in a reduction in environmental impacts across all categories. The end-of-life scenario comprises landfilling/incineration and recycling of the components. Results show that the end-of-life stage poses a minor contribution to the overall life cycle impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to compensate for high path loss, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has been adopted in wireless communication systems operating at millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands. In particular, analog beamformer has been employed in hybrid massive MIMO systems to reduce the cost caused by radio frequency (RF) chains. However, due to hardware limitation, only conventional beamformer can be used at base station (BS) in existing hybrid massive MIMO systems, and as a consequence, inter-user-interference (IUI) cannot be removed completely in the presence of multiple users because of the sidelobe of conventional beamformer. In this letter, we will show that by utilizing the reconstructed spatial covariance matrix (SCM), adaptive beamformer can be also used at the BS in hybrid massive MIMO systems. Thanks to the reconstructed SCM, nulling directions of the adaptive beamformer can be adjusted adaptively to the directions of non-desired users, and therefore the residual IUI can be effectively removed. Simulation results show that the adaptive beamformer can outperform the conventional beamformer significantly in hybrid massive MIMO systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Soil Sciences & Agricultural Engineering is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The direct/aerodynamic force compound control can enhance the maneuverability and response characteristics of missiles, and the dynamic stabilization is the precondition of normal operation for rolling missiles. Aiming at the stability problem caused by the cross-coupling effect of rolling missiles employing direct/aerodynamic force compound control, proposing a typical topological control system structure described by the complex coefficient theory, and deducing the dynamic stability conditions. Firstly, the mathematic model is established based on the kinematics and dynamics theories of rotating airframes and the direct/aerodynamic force compound control mechanism. Then, a three-loop autopilot and the direct/aerodynamic force ratio distribution method are designed to establish the complex summation model of the compound control system by selecting suitable complex variables. Furthermore, deducing the dynamic stability conditions and verifying them by numerical simulations. Finally, the stable regions of the rolling missile in different cases are obtained and found to be influenced by many factors, such as parameters of the autopilot, hybrid force distribution proportion and rolling rate. The derived dynamic stability criterion is effective for evaluating the stability of rolling missiles employing direct/aerodynamic force compound control and the research method used in this paper can provide reference for the stability study of strongly coupled nonlinear systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chaos identification can not only promote the development and perfection of chaos theory, but also help to find the factors that produce chaos in the considered system, and control or anti-control it. The 0–1 test for chaos is an effective method to detect chaos. In order to simulate the noise contaminated through its production, Gaussian, Exponential, and Uniform noises are added to Logistic mapping to form a new hybrid time series, respectively. The effects of noise types and levels on the modified 0–1 test for chaos are studied. By studying the effect of different types of noises on chaos index D c ∗ (n) , K corr ∗ (c) , and the change of K m.corr ∗ (c) with amplitude α , it can be seen that Uniform noise has the greatest effect on chaos identification. In addition, it is found that the effect of the noise types on chaos identification depends on the peak of the noisy time series, and the effect of the noise on chaos detection increases with the increase of the noisy time series peak. It is worth noting that the selection of amplitude α can improve the noise resistance of chaos identification. The noise resistance of the modified 0–1 test for chaos can be improved by adjusting the amplitude α of the parameters. With the continuous increase of noise contamination level, the effect on the modified 0–1 test for chaos detection results is gradually enhanced, so reducing the noise contamination level is the key to improving the accuracy of the modified 0–1 test for chaos. In addition, adjusting the amplitude α can also play a certain noise immunity effect, and when α = 2 , the noise immunity is stronger on logistic mapping. Sample size N up to 2 0 0 0 is sufficient, but amplitude ω has little effect on chaos identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we demonstrate a strategy that two orthogonal modes in a dielectric cavity can efficiently couple with each other through the bridging effect of a plasmonic antenna. In such a dielectric-antenna hybrid system, a plasmonic antenna can coherently interact with both modes of the dielectric cavity, which brings sufficient coherent energy transfers between the two orthogonal modes. Specifically, a broad electromagnetic mode and a narrow whispering gallery mode (WGM) in a subwavelength silicon disk are considered, where they cannot directly interact with each other through near-field couplings. By introducing a plasmonic antenna, coherent energy transfer between the above two modes occurs, which is confirmed by both far-field spectra and near-field distributions. More investigations show that spectral and spatial overlaps between the involved modes can largely affect energy transfer behaviors. Those overlaps are highly dependent on various parameters of the system. The WGM response in the hybrid system can even exceed that of an individual disk. Our proposed strategy can be extended to other similar systems and the modified optical responses can find applications in enhanced light-matter interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]