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Quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of some phytosterols (β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol) and non-steroidal compounds such as β-amyrin and betulin obtained from seeds of Coriandrum sativum L. Armenian population in relation to plant germination time were studied. Non-germinated seeds (Group I), seeds germinated for two days (Group II), four days (Group III) and eight days (Group IV) were used. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the biological mixtures obtained was studied by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. A certain dependence on the duration of the plant growth and development processes was observed in the chromatographic indices of the compounds, in particular the peak area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrated nutrient management (INM) includes wide range of applications for improving plant productivity and resource optimisation whilst still facilitating for environmental and resource protection. The effects of integration of nutrient sources on coriander growth, yield, and economics were investigated during two consecutive rabi seasons (2016-2017 and 2017-18) at the vegetable research farm, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana. The experiment used an eighteen treatment combination of organic manures (Farm yard manure and vermicompost), bio-fertilizers (Azotobacter and Phosphate solubilising bacteria), and inorganic fertilisers in a randomised block design that was duplicated three times. Experimental results showed that the application of 100% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN-60 kg/ha) through inorganic sources along with biofertilizers (Azotobacter and Phosphate solubilising bacteria) showed better performance over other treatment combinations, recorded significantly higher values for all the growth and yield traits viz. Height of plant, number of primary and secondary branches per plant, number of umbelets per umbel, number of seeds per umbel, seeds per umbelet, seed yield per plant (g), seed yield (q/ha), biological yield (q/ha) and harvest index (%). Also, the net returns (Rs. 76895 and 76232) and benefit cost ratio (2.08 and 2.06) were found highest in the same treatment during both the years of experimentation i.e., 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the physico-chemical properties, polyphenol and fatty acid profiles and sensory evaluations of breads made from wheat flour and coriander seed powder mixtures were investigated. The oil yields of breads with coriander were identified between 0.11% (control) and 1.25% (with 30% coriander). The highest and lowest L* values were observed in the control and bread with 30% added coriander, respectively. The addition of coriander caused an increase in a* and b* (except for the bread with 30% added coriander) values of breads. Total phenol and flavonoid values of the coriander bread samples were recorded between 43.13 (control) and 64.01 mg GAE/100 g (with 30% coriander) to 72.62 (control) and 130.71 mg/100 g (with 30% coriander), respectively. The antioxidant capacity values of breads produced by adding coriander at different levels were determined between 0.45 (control) and 1.32 mmol/kg (with 30% coriander). In general, the quantitative values of phenolic constituents of the bread samples with added coriander powder were low compared to the control (except catechin and rutin). Gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, catechin and rutin were found at the highest amounts in bread samples, followed by caffeic acid, syringic acid and p-coumaric acids in descending order. Gallic acid and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid amount values of bread samples were between 11.51 mg/100 g (with 30% coriander) and 45.21 (control), and 16.41 mg/100 g (with 10% coriander) and 29.39 mg/100 g (with 20% coriander), respectively. Additionally, the catechin and rutin contents of wheat breads produced by adding coriander seed powder at different concentrations were between 37.43 (with 10% coriander) and 70.12 mg/100 g (with 20% coriander), and 6.76 mg/100 g (with 10% coriander) and 29.45 mg/100 g (with 30% coriander powder), respectively. The phenolic components of the breads gradually decreased in parallel with the increase in the coriander concentration. The oleic and linoleic acid results of the oils of bread samples produced by adding coriander seed powder were between 23.15% (control) and 62.45% (with 30% coriander), and 26.67% (with 30% coriander) and 52.20% (control), respectively. In addition, with the increase in coriander concentration, the increase in the oleic acid contents of bread oils compared to the control and the decrease in the linoleic acid result gave the bread functionality for human health. In general, among the coriander bread samples, the bread sample with a 30% concentration of coriander powder was the most appreciated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is prized for its aroma and medicinal properties and is extensively employed in various cuisines. Light intensity and photoperiod greatly impact its phenological development. The application of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in facility cultivation systems enables precise control of lighting conditions, leading to enhanced energy efficiency in coriander cultivation. This study investigated three levels of light intensity (133, 200, and 400 μmol·m−2·s−1) and three photoperiods (8L/16D, 16L/8D, and 24L) to comprehensively assess their effects on coriander’s morphological development, photosynthetic characteristics, and energy utilization efficiency. The objective was to identify a combination conducive to efficient and energy-saving coriander cultivation in PFALs. Results indicated that high light intensity (400 μmol·m−2·s−1) with continuous lighting (24L) reduces coriander’s photosynthetic capacity, while 24-h of continuous lighting can boost yield at the expense of energy efficiency. An 8-h photoperiod significantly decreases the yield compared to 16 h. Low light intensity inhibits plant development, indicating that 133 μmol·m−2·s−1 is suboptimal. For optimal efficiency and yield, a light intensity of 200 μmol·m−2·s−1 and a 16-h photoperiod are recommended in coriander PFAL cultivation. These findings advocate for the adoption of these specific conditions for the indoor cultivation of coriander within PFAL systems.

This study shows the influence of soil salinity and irrigation dose on biomass production and its impact on some edaphic indicators and functions. For this purpose, an experiment was carried out in two representative soils from Murcia (SE Spain), one slightly saline (LS) and the other saline (S), where an oat–vetch green manure was intercalated between a spinach cycle and a coriander cycle; the latter being subjected to three different irrigation doses (deficient, optimum and surplus). Rapid response indicators (ECext, cations and anions in the soil solution, etc.) were monitored, as well as the material balances, in particular C and salts. Green manure and crop residues increased soil OC by 12.5% and reduced Na+ and NO3− concentrations. Total biomass production was also affected by salinity, both in oat–vetch, 35.9 and 31. 9 tm ha−1 in LS and S, respectively, and in the coriander crop, where the irrigation dose was decisive, obtaining around 29 tm ha−1 with the optimum and surplus doses and significantly lower amounts with the deficit dose: 20.4 tm ha−1 in LSD and 14. 0 in SD. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the irrigation doses, since deficit irrigation significantly reduces production and the surplus does not lead to an increase with respect to the optimum, while also causing ions to leach to depth horizons, as is the case for NO3−, Cl− and Na+, with the consequent risk of contaminating the water table.

In Chile, edible herbs are mainly grown by small farmers. This type of horticultural crop typically requires intensive management because it is highly susceptible to insects, some of which transmit viruses that severely affect crop yield and quality. In 2019, in coriander plants tested negative for all previously reported viruses, RNA-Seq analysis of one symptomatic plant revealed a plethora of viruses, including one virus known to infect coriander, five viruses never reported in coriander, and a new cytorhabdovirus with a 14,180 nucleotide RNA genome for which the species name Cytorhabdovirus coriandrum was proposed. Since all the detected viruses were aphid-borne, aphids and weeds commonly growing around the coriander field were screened for viruses. The results showed the occurrence of the same seven viruses and the alfalfa mosaic virus, another aphid-borne virus, in aphids and weeds. Together, our findings document the presence of multiple viruses in coriander and the potential role of weeds as virus reservoirs for aphid acquisition.

Green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess tremendous promise for diverse applications due to their versatile characteristics. Coriander and other plant extracts have become popular for greenly synthesizing AgNPs as an economical, biocompatible, cost-effective, and environmentally beneficial alternative to chemical processes. In this study, we synthesized AgNPs from coriander leaves and evaluated their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound-healing acceleration properties in comparison to chemically synthesized AgNPs. The zeta potentials of AgNPs extracted from green and chemical processes were −32.4 mV and −23.4 mV, respectively. TEM images showed a cuboidal shape of green and chemical AgNPs with a diameter of approximately 100 nm. The FTIR spectra of green AgNPs showed an extreme absorption peak at 3401 cm−1, which signifies O-H stretching vibrations, typically linked to hydroxyl groups. In vitro results elaborated that AgNPs from coriander exerted a stronger effect on anti-Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) through interrupting cell integrity, generating ROS, depleting ATP, and exhibiting significant antioxidant activity, compared with AgNPs synthesized chemically. In vivo experiments showed that AgNPs from coriander, as opposed to chemically manufactured AgNPs, greatly accelerated the healing of wounds contaminated with Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria by effectively eliminating the bacteria on the wounds and stimulating skin regeneration and the deposition of dense collagen. In vivo assays further demonstrated that green AgNPs effectively enhanced Klebsiella pneumoniae-infected wound healing by extenuating local inflammatory responses and up-regulating VEGF and CD31 expression. In conclusion, green AgNPs significantly alleviated the inflammation without significantly harming the organism.

Coriander is the leading essential oil crop and occupies vast areas, both in our country and abroad, and is be used to produce linalool, with subsequent processing into other aromatic substances. Increasing its yield and quality of raw materials with the help of modern preparations is an urgent problem of essential oil production.Purpose of the work: increasing the productivity of coriander with combined use of foliar treatments with glycine and auxin-containing preparations for directed control production process in coriander seed.Material and methods. As objects for studying the effect of the drug, varieties of coriander sowing Yantar and Avangard were chosen. Plants were sown in the first or third decade of April, depending on the conditions of the year, using a SZT-3.6 seeder with row spacing of 15 cm. The seeding rate was 25 kg/ha, the seeding depth was 2 cm. concentration 10 mg/l. Drug concentrations: IAA-glycol phosphate – 25, 50 and 100 mg/l, DvaU - 2 ml/l. Treatment with a solution of IUKGF and DvaU was carried out in the phase of budding-beginning of flowering. The cutting was carried out during the period of browning of seeds on the central umbrella. The content of essential oil was determined according to SP XIV method 1.Results. As a result of the research, a positive effect of foliar treatments with glycine was revealed, both on the yield and on the content of essential oil in the raw material of coriander seed varieties Yantar and Avangard. Based on the results obtained, the effective concentration of the drug is determined not only by the characteristics of the variety, but also by weather conditions, when, depending on the conditions during the processing period and the previous harvest, different aspects of the drug action appear. The maximum increase in the collection of essential oil of coriander variety Yantar (11.1 kg/ha) was noted during the combined treatment of plants with glycine at a rate of 10 mg/l in the leaf rosette phase and IAA-GF at a rate of 50 mg/l in the budding phase; varieties Avangard (8.6 kg/ha) - with combined treatment of plants with glycine at a rate of 10 mg/l in the leaf rosette phase and DvaU at a rate of 2 ml/l in the budding phase.

Microgreens are immature edible leafy greens with a higher concentration of phytonutrients than in mature leaves, which makes them a novel functional food. This research featured antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antidiabetic properties of coriander microgreens. Aqueous and ethanolic extractions of coriander microgreens and mature leaves underwent a phytochemical analysis of antioxidant potential using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) free radical method and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The analysis of antidiabetic and anticarcinogenic properties included the method of α-amylase enzyme inhibition and the MTT colorimetric assay. The screening test inferred the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, carbohydrates, and proteins in both microgreens and mature leaves. The quantitative analysis showed that the ethanolic extract of the microgreen sample exhibited higher total phenols. Total flavonoids, steroids, carbohydrates, and proteins were higher both in microgreen extracts, if compared with those of mature leaves. Ascorbic acid, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoids demonstrated a more substantial presence in mature leaves. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of coriander microgreens revealed such bioactive compounds as thienopyrimidines, phenolic amide, imidazo pyridazine, phenolic constituents, and essential oil. Mature leaves were rich in phenolic compounds, steroids, terpenoids, essential oils, and fatty acid esters. All these substances are known for their therapeutic antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticarcinogenic properties. The microgreen samples exhibited greater ferric reducing antioxidant power, α-amylase enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxicity activity at a lower concentration of extract than mature leaves. Coriander microgreens proved to have a promising antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antidiabetic potential and can be used in daily food additives.

Introduction: Given the worldwide increasing prevalence of human Campylobacter jejuni infections and the emergence of multi-drug resistant enteropathogenic strains, antibiotic-independent approaches applying non-toxic natural compounds for the treatment and prophylaxis of campylobacteriosis appear utmost desirable. In our placebo-controlled intervention study, we surveyed potential disease-alleviating including anti-pathogenic and immune-modulatory effects upon prophylactic oral application of lemon-essential oil (LEM-EO) and coriander-essential oil (COR-EO) in acute experimental campylobacteriosis. Methods: Therefore, secondary abiotic IL-10-/- mice were orally challenged with either LEM-EO or COR-EO starting seven days prior to peroral C. jejuni infection. Results and discussion: Six days post-infection, slightly lower pathogen loads were assessed in the colon of mice from the LEM-EO as opposed to the COR-EO cohort if compared to placebo counterparts. Prophylactic application of both EOs improved the clinical outcome of acute campylobacteriosis which was paralleled by less distinct pathogen-induced colonic epithelial cell apoptosis. Moreover, mice subjected to LEM-EO and COR-EO prophylaxis displayed lower colonic numbers of macrophages/monocytes and of T lymphocytes, respectively, whereas in both verum groups, basal IL-6 and IFN-γ concentrations were measured in mesenteric lymph nodes on day 6 post-infection. The oral challenge with either EOs resulted in diminished secretion of distinct pro-inflammatory mediators in the kidney as well as serum samples derived from the infected mice. In conclusion, the results from our preclinical in vivo study provide evidence that LEM-EO and COR-EO constitute promising prophylactic measures to prevent severe campylobacteriosis which may help to reduce the risk for development of post-infectious sequelae in C. jejuni infected individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriander seeds consumption, like other spices, has increased due to its culinary use, medicinal benefits, and its essential oil. However, there are few reports in the scientific literature on the prevalence of mycotoxins in this spice. In this report, an easy and simple method was proposed for the determination of the aflatoxin group (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in coriander seeds. The recoveries of analytes ranged from 72 to 102% in spiked samples (0.5–5 µg/kg), with RSD below 11%. The limits of quantification (LOQ) are between 0.12 and 0.5 µg/kg. The proposed method represents an improvement compared to previous studies. It was tested for the determination of 13 samples, proving that it is fast, efficient, and sensitive. Only OTA was identified in four samples, all at levels lower than the European limits defined for some spices (0.88 and 5.4 µg/kg). Such methods are needed for monitoring these toxins in this spice to ensure consumer safety and provide insight into their occurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was conducted to investigate the effects of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) essential oil nano emulsion (NCSEO) in drinking water on growth performance and intestinal health (intestinal microbiota and histomorphology) of broiler chickens. A total of 180 one-day-old male broiler chickens were randomly allocated into five treatments with four replicates and 9 chicks per replicate pen. Birds were provided NCSEO via drinking water. The treatments applied were as follows: without any addition (T0), drinking water added with 50 ppm antibiotic tetracycline (T1), drinking water added NCSEO at 25 µL/L (T2), 50 µL/L (T3), and at 100 µL/L (T4). Variables observed were characteristics of NCSEO, growth performance, intestinal microbiota (LAB and Salmonella spp.), and histomorphology of intestine (villus height, villus width, crypt depth, villus height to crypt depth ratio). All collected data were analyzed using ANOVA in a completely randomized design. Results showed that the particle size of NCSEO was 13.1 nm with PDI 0,257, zeta potential -5.65 mV, stable, and spherical shape. The addition of NCSEO improved (p<0.05) final body weight, weight gain, and FCR, while no significant differences in feed intake and water intake, increased the LAB population (p<0.05) whereas Salmonella spp. was not found, and stimulated (p<0.05) villus height and width. The addition of NCSEO at 50 µL/L resulting the highest promoting effect on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. It can be concluded that 50 µL/L of NCSEO as an alternative to antibiotics can be supplemented in drinking water to improve the growth performance and intestinal health of broiler chickens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A statistical Simplex Lattice Mixture design was applied to develop a new formulation based on a combination of three plants grown in northern Morocco: Apium graveolens L., Coriandrum sativum L., and Petroselinum crispum M. We examined the extraction yield, total polyphenol content (TPC), 2′2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The results of this screening study showed that C. sativum L. had the highest content of DPPH (53.22%) and TAC (37.46 ± 0.29 mg Eq AA/g DW) compared to the other two plants, while P. crispum M. showed the highest TPC (18.52 ± 0.32 mg Eq GA/g DW). Furthermore, the ANOVA analysis of the mixture design showed that all three responses (DPPH, TAC, and TPC) were statistically significant, with determination coefficients of 97%, 93%, and 91%, respectively, and fit the cubic model. Moreover, the diagnostic plots showed good correlation between the experimental and predicted values. Therefore, the best combination obtained under optimal conditions (P1 = 0.611, P2 = 0.289, P3 = 0.100) was characterized by DPPH, TAC, and TPC of 56.21%, 72.74 mg Eq AA/g DW, and 21.98 mg Eq GA/g DW, respectively. The results of this study reinforce the view of stimulating the effect of plant combinations to achieve better antioxidant activities, thus providing a better formulation using designs of mixtures for the food industry and in cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Moreover, our findings support the traditional use of the Apiaceae plant species in managing many disorders cited in the Moroccan pharmacopeia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes play a crucial role in green plants' responding to various pathogens. Genome-scale evolutionary studies of NLR genes are important for discovering and applying functional NLR genes. However, little is known about the evolution of NLR genes in the Apiaceae family including agricultural and medical plants. Methods: In this study, comparative genomic analysis was performed in four Apiaceae species to trace the dynamic evolutionary patterns of NLR genes during speciation in this family. Results: The results revealed different number of NLR genes in these four Apiaceae species, namely, Angelica sinensis (95), Coriandrum sativum (183), Apium graveolens (153) and Daucus carota (149). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that NLR genes in these four species were derived from 183 ancestral NLR lineages and experienced different levels of gene-loss and gain events. The contraction pattern of the ancestral NLR lineages was discovered during the evolution of D. carota, whereas a different pattern of contraction after first expansion of NLR genes was observed for A. sinensis, C. sativum and A. graveolens. Discussion: Taken together, rapid and dynamic gene content variation has shaped evolutionary history of NLR genes in Apiaceae species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is among the most widely used medicinal and aromatic plants. It is well known for its multiple health benefits, most of which are correlated with its phenolic composition. Four phenolic compounds were identified in the extracts of aerial parts of coriander extracts, including caffeic acid, isoquercitrin, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, and rutin. Caffeic acid was the major compound in the extracts. A Box–Behnken Design (BBD) was employed in conjunction with the response surface methodology (RSM) to develop an ultrasound-assisted extraction method for the determination of phenolic compounds in the aerial parts of coriander using the level of caffeic acid as the target response. The following working variables were evaluated: methanol level in the extraction solvent, temperature, sonication time, and liquid-to-solvent ratio. It was found that the methanol concentration is the most significant factor that influences the recovery of caffeic acid. The optimal extraction conditions were: 10 min as the extraction time, 70 °C as the temperature, 50% for methanol in water as the solvent, and 6.51 mL of solvent per gram of sample. The repeatability and reproducibility were calculated and RSD values below 6% were obtained in both cases. The new method was employed for the extraction of real coriander samples and it is suggested that this method could potentially be applied for quality control analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultivation of aromatic plants for the extraction of essential oils has been presented as an innovative and economically viable alternative for the remediation of areas polluted with trace elements (TE). Therefore, this study focuses on the contribution of the cultivation of coriander and the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in combination with mineral amendments (steel slag) on the bacterial function of the rhizosphere, an aspect that is currently poorly understood and studied. The introduction of soil amendments, such as steel slag or mycorrhizal inoculum, had no significant effect on coriander growth. However, steel slag changed the structure of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere without affecting microbial function. In fact, Actinobacteria were significantly less abundant under slag-amended conditions, while the relative proportion of Gemmatimonadota increased. On the other hand, the planting of coriander affects the bacterial community structure and significantly increased the bacterial functional richness of the amended soil. Overall, these results show that planting coriander most affected the structure and functioning of bacterial communities in the TE-polluted soils and reversed the effects of mineral amendments on rhizosphere bacterial communities and their activities. This study highlights the potential of coriander, especially in combination with steel slag, for phytomanagement of TE-polluted soils, by improving soil quality and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this study, successful synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), CuO NPs, and ZnO/CuO nanocomposite through an eco-friendly method using Corriandrum sativum leaf extract as a capping agent is reported. Using XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, and SEM techniques, the synthesized materials were characterized for structural analysis, functional groups identification, spectroscopic measurements, and morphological analysis. The percentage composition and purity of the samples were determined by using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), which showed the synthesis of materials. Morphological analysis was done by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) which reflected that the CuO NPs, ZnO NPs and ZnO/CuO nanocomposite were spherical, and the average size calculated by using Image J software was around 25 nm, 55 nm, and 11 nm, respectively. FTIR and UV-Vis analyses were used for synthetic confirmation through characteristic peaks of materials. The synthesized (ZnO, CuO, and CuO/ZnO) nanomaterials were evaluated for photocatalytic activity using methylene blue (MB) dye. Among all three photocatalysts, the composite showed maximum photodegradation compared to the other two materials. The present work could lead to a pathway for the decontamination of harmful dyes of wastewater released from different industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coriandrum sativum is one of the most widespread curative plants in the world, being vastly cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions as one of the oldest spice plants. The present study explored the extraction of polysaccharides from Coriandrum sativum seeds and the evaluation of their antioxidant potential and hepatoprotective effects in vivo. The polysaccharide from coriander seeds was extracted, and the structural characterization was performed by FT-IR, UV–vis, DSC, NMR (1D and 2D), GC-MS, and SEC analysis. The polysaccharide extracted from Coriandrum sativum (CPS) seeds was characterized to evaluate its antioxidant and hepatoprotective capacities in rats. Results showed that CPS was composed of arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, mannose, fructose, galactose, and glucose in molar percentages of 6.2%, 3.6%, 8.8%, 17.7%, 5.2%, 32.9%, and 25.6%, respectively. Further, CPS significantly hindered cadmium-induced oxidation damage and exercised a protective effect against Cd hepatocytotoxicity, with a considerable reduction in MDA production and interesting CAT and SOD enzyme levels. Results suggest that CPS might be employed as a natural antioxidant source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this study was to describe the cytotoxicity on HEPG-2 cells and to study the COVID‑19 activities of the novel H2L ligand and its Cr and Cu nano-complexes. As well as exploring the chemistry of the prepared nano-complexes. In this paper novel Schiff base, N-(4, 6-dimethyl pyrimidin-2-yl)-4-(((2-hydroxyl naphthalene-1-y l) methylene) amino) benzene—sulfonamidesulfonyl) amide has been synthesized. The novel Schiff base H2L is used to synthesize novel nano and micro-complexes with CrCl2.6H2O and CuCl2.2H2O. The prepared ligand and micro complexes were interpreted by different spectroscopic techniques. The nano-sized Cr and Cu complexes were synthesized in an environmentally friendly manner using Coriandrum sativum (CS) media extract in ethanol. The structure, morphologies and particle size of the nano-sized complexes were determined using FT-IR, TEM, and PXRD. The results showed that the nano-domain complexes are on the Sub-nano scale. Furthermore, using TGA, we studied the effect of heat on the size of newly prepared nano-complexes. Experimental data were supported by DFT calculations. The findings revealed that the metal complexes investigated are more stable than the free ligand H2L. The antitumor activity was examined before and after heating the nano-complexes at 200 °C. The results reveal the Cr nano complex, after heating, exhibited strong antitumor activity with IC50 value (3.349 μg/ml). The tested Cu nano-complex shows good DNA cleavage. The liver cancer and COVID19 proteins were examined using molecular docking to identify the potential binding energy of inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the behavioural responses of female whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) towards headspace volatiles of tomato in the presence of aromatic intercrops, namely coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and dill (Anethum graveolens L.) using olfactometer bioassays, electrophysiological techniques and field experimentation. Olfactometer studies revealed the repellent nature of dill and coriander. Multiple-choice olfactometer studies revealed less residence time in tomato with coriander (T + Co; 1.33 0.20 min) and tomato with dill (T + D; 1.97 0.30 min) treated arms compared to sole tomato volatile treated arm (3.18 0.35 min). Field studies also supported this trend, where significantly less whitefly incidence was recorded in treatment T + Co (2.34 0.39 per three leaves) or T + D (3.33 0.51 per three leaves) compared to sole tomato crop (5.71 0.75 per three leaves). In coupled gas chromatography-electroantennodetection (GC-EAD) studies, whitefly antenna responded to several compounds of dill and coriander. This study suggests that aromatic plants such as dill and coriander can be used as potential intercrop components in tomatoes to manage B. tabaci and the GCEAD-identified compounds of dill and coriander will help formulate futuristic semiochemical-based pest management strategies against the whitefly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Essential oils are hydrophobic liquids produced as secondary metabolites by specialized secretory tissues in the leaves, seeds, flowers, bark and wood of the plant, and they play an important ecological role in plants. Essential oils have been used in various traditional healing systems due to their pharmaceutical properties, and are reported to be a suitable replacement for chemical and synthetic drugs that come with adverse side effects. Thus, currently, various plant sources for essential oil production have been explored. Coriander essential oil, obtained from the leaf and seed oil of Coriandrum sativum, has been reported to have various biological activities. Apart from its application in food preservation, the oil has many pharmacological properties, including allelopathic properties. The present review discusses the phytochemical composition of the seed and leaf oil of coriander and the variation of the essential oil across various germplasms, accessions, at different growth stages and across various regions. Furthermore, the study explores various extraction and quantification methods for coriander essential oils. The study also provides detailed information on various pharmacological properties of essential oils, such as antimicrobial, anthelmintic, insecticidal, allelopathic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticonvulsive, antidepressant, and hepatoprotective properties, as well as playing a major role in maintaining good digestive health. Coriander essential oil is one of the most promising alternatives in the food and pharmaceutical industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abiotic stress, particularly drought, will remain an alarming challenge for sustainable agriculture. New approaches have been opted, such as nanoparticles (NPs), to reduce the negative impact of drought stress and lessen the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides that are an inevitable problem these days. The application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) has been recognized as an effective strategy to enhance plant growth and crop production during abiotic stress. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of ZnO NPs in drought stress management of drought-susceptible Coriandrum sativum L. (C. sativum) in two consecutive seasons. Drought regimes (moderate drought regime--MDR and intensive drought regime--IDR) were developed based on replenishment method with respect to 50% field capacity of fully irrigated (control) plants. The results showed that foliar application of 100 ppm ZnO NPs improved the net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (C), and transpiration rate (E) and boosted up the photosynthetic capacity associated with photosynthetic active radiation in MDR. Similarly, 48% to 30% improvement of chlorophyll b content was observed in MDR and onefold to 41% in IDR during both seasons in ZnO NP-supplemented plants. The amount of abscisic acid in leaves showed a decreasing trend in MDR and IDR in the first season (40% and 30%) and the second season (49% and 33%) compared with untreated ZnO NP plants. The ZnO NP-treated plants showed an increment in total soluble sugars, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content in both drought regimes, whereas the abaxial surface showed high stomatal density and stomatal index than the adaxial surface in foliar-supplied NP plants. Furthermore, ZnO NPs improve the magnitude of stomata ultrastructures like stomatal length, stomatal width, and pore length for better adaptation against drought. Principal component analysis revealed the efficacy of ZnO NPs in inducing drought tolerance in moderate and intensive stress regimes. These results suggest that 100 ppm ZnO NPs can be used to ameliorate drought tolerance in C. sativum plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Essential oils and extracts are investigated in sustainable plant protection area lately. Alternative antifungal substances are especially relevant for major economic-relevance pathogens, like Botrytis cinerea (causal agent of strawberry grey mold), control. However, the reaction of plants to alternative protection with plant-origin products is currently unknown. Induced stress in plants causes changes in antioxidant and photosynthetic systems. The aim of the research was to determine the defense response of strawberry plants under application of coriander seed products. In the first step of the research, we determined coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum), black seed (Nigella sativa) and peppermint leaf (Menta × piperita) products' antifungal activity against B. cinerea in vitro. Secondly, we continued evaluation of antifungal activity under controlled environment on strawberry plants of the most effective coriander seed products. Additionally, we evaluated the antioxidant and photosynthetic parameters in strawberries, to examine the response of plants. Antifungal activity on strawberries was determined based on grey mold incidence and severity after application of coriander products. Impact on photosynthetic system was examined measuring photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and intercellular to ambient CO2 concentration. Strawberry leaves were collected at the end of the experiment to analyze the antioxidant response. The highest antifungal activity both in vitro and on strawberries had coriander seed essential oil, which decreased grey mold severity. Coriander extract increased the photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant response of strawberry plants, however had negative effect on suppression of grey mold. In most cases, the essential oil activated antioxidant response of strawberry plants lower than extract. Our study results provide no direct impact of increased photosynthetic capacity values and antifungal effect after treatment with natural oils. The highest concentrations of coriander essential oil and extract potentially demonstrated a phytotoxic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the green synthesis of nanoparticles and its utilization in the development of nanotechnology for promoting environmental sustainability. Copper Oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using plant extracts of Coffee, Piper Nigrum, and Coriandrum Sativum containing bio-components acting as reducing agents to reduce 1M Copper Sulphate (CuSO4.5H2O) solution., for further formation of Copper Oxide nanoparticles. Instrumental techniques were adopted to characterize the synthesized Copper Oxide nanoparticles, Viz. UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These biosynthesized Copper Oxide nanoparticles were employed as catalysts for the photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue dye, resulting in a very effective and feasible photocatalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammation is a mechanism that occurs against aggressive agents such as infections, wounds, pollens, autoimmune diseases, and tissue damage. Morocco has traditionally used herbal remedies to treat many illnesses, including inflammation. The objective of this study was to describe the Moroccan medicinal plants used in inflammation treatment. This systematic review examines ethnobotanical studies published in English and French in the literature as well as the pharmacological studies that assess anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo, from databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Springer). The research was carried out until August 2021. In ethnobotanical surveys, 100 medicinal plants were identified, which belonged to 52 families of which the most often cited are Lamiaceae with 18 species, followed by Apiaceae (13 species) and Asteraceae (10 species). The most used plants to treat inflammation in Morocco are: Coriandrum sativum L, Caralluma europaea (Guss.) Nebr., Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., Capparis spinosa L., Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Lag, Ajuga iva (L.) Schreb., Thymus atlanticus (Ball) Pau, Thymus saturejoides Coss, Thymus zygis L., Lawsonia isermis L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. This review highlighted Moroccan medicinal plants used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation. Many of this plant species require additional pharmacological, and clinical studies to verify which plants are effective in treating inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the impact of futures market on commodity prices. It discusses the rational expectation model of storable commodity by Kawai, also discussed Turnovsky and Campbell‘s rational expectations model in which futures markets improve the stability of the spot market and discussed impact of Russian invasion of Ukraine on the interaction of cash and futures markets in real-time for a variety of key agricultural commodities.

The present study was designed to formulate and characterize the micro-emulsions of peppermint and coriander oil that extracted by using supercritical fluid extraction system. Moreover, Guar gum and maltodextrin were used as coating materials while preparing encapsulates of peppermint and coriander through freeze-drying. The moisture contents of mint leaves and coriander were 81.28 ± 7.12 and 84.62 ± 6.46% respectively whereas the recorded protein content in mint and coriander leaves were 1.456 ± 0.13 and 5.06 ± 0.03% respectively. The crude fat was high in mint leaves as compared to coriander. However, the ash content was 2.98 ± 0.278 in mint and 2.8 ± 0.12 in coriander leaves. The total phenolic contents (TPC) and antioxidant activity coriander essential oil was high as compared to peppermint oil. The results showed the better antioxidant activity of coriander than peppermint. Encapsulation efficiency of powder showed significant results of wall material. T3 (maltodextrin and coriander oil) exhibited better binding capability of bioactive components as compared to guar gum and mint. T3 was coriander and maltodextrin better ability to inhibit the oxidation process and had good DPPH assays as compared to other treatments. This study showed that the T3 (maltodextrin and coriander oil) exhibited better binding capability of bioactive components as compared to guar gum and mint. T3 was (coriander and maltodextrin) better ability to inhibit the oxidation process and had good DPPH assays to other treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current study was to explore the preservative effect of aqueous coriander extract and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the shelf life of refrigerated chicken patties for 9 days. For this purpose, BHT (100 ppm) and aqueous coriander extract (1%) was applied to improve the storage stability. The patties were evaluated for their physiochemical characterization including total phenolic content (TPC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), peroxide value (PV), total carbonyl, metmyoglobin, and instrumental color, microbial analysis including (total plate count), and sensory attributes including (color and odor). The results showed that coriander extract has a significant (P <.05) effect in terms of delaying microbial growth, lipid and protein oxidation compared to BHT application. Likewise, higher phenolic contents were observed in patties treated with coriander extract. Conclusively, coriander extract did not impose any undesirable effect of physical attributes (instrumental color and color/odor) of cooked chicken patties. It is concluded that aqueous coriander extract is a plenteous source of various antioxidants and should be used as a functional food additive in meat products at 1% concentration without affecting the product's quality attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prohibition of using antibiotics in the nutrition of chicken has led to the occurrence of a new category of additives knows as phytoadditives, which have antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, as well as growth stimulation effects. Due to the contradictions in literature, further investigations are needed for the clarification of the different nutritional aspects of phytoadditives. This study was carried out by 60 broilers ROSS 308, in order to assess the effect of feed supplemented with garlic (Allium sativum), turmeric powder (Curcuma longa), black pepper (Piper nigrum) and coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum) on nutritional and bioproductive indices of broilers. The treatments were: a control group received no supplements and four groups that got 1% of garlic (T1), 1% turmeric (T2), 1% pepper (T3) and 1% coriander (T4). The body weight at the end of the growth period was significantly higher (p<0.05) in chickens from T1 (garlic) 2833.50±55.449 grams as compared to that of chickens from T0 (control) 2489.00±70.092 grams and insignificantly bigger (p>0.05) as compared to T2, T3 and T4. The most efficient feed conversion index was present in T3 (pepper) 1.718±0.114. Supplementing the feed with phytoadditives has led to the improvement of the bioproductive performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phyto-additives have been used in fish diet with very promising results for sustainable aquaculture. Coriander or cilantro (Coriandrum sativum), is an annual herb, cultivated worldwide primarily as a spice and medicinal plant. It is well known for its healing properties for humans and animals as well. It was proved that coriander has beneficial biological properties on fish. Various effects of coriander supplementation in fish, including enhanced growth performance, improved feed utilization, strengthened immune response, reduced oxidative stress and antimicrobial properties, were reviewed in this paper. In addition, the possible biological mechanisms responsible for these benefits, such as the modulation of serum and blood parameters, immune responses, and antioxidative pathways were investigated as well. Ultimately, this knowledge can pave the way for more sustainable and effective practices, enhancing the overall health and productivity of fish populations while minimizing environmental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The information about the coriander nutrient management is scarce. This study aims to determine the dynamics of macro and micronutrients in coriander plants during its different phenological stages and growth seasons. The concentration of macro and micronutrients in seven phenological stages and some agronomic components were determined. The most required macronutrients were N (42.1-57.5 g plant-1), followed by K (42.5-53.8 g plant-1) and Ca (7.7-25.9 g plant-1). Mn (105.1-381 mg plant-1) and Fe (49.8-194.4 mg plant-1) were the micronutriments required in the highest amounts. The best plant height (56.4cm), fresh weight (226.7 g pta-1) and dry weight (30.7 g pta-1) was recorded in autumn-winter (A-W) (P ≤ 0.05), while oil content was from 7.62 to 8.12%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Soil microbiological and agrochemical indicators were analyzed during biological cultivation of coriander, in greenhouse conditions, as main indicators of good plant development, studied for antimicrobial activity against E. coli, by testing different variants of plant extracts (decoction, tincture, medicinal wine, medicinal vinegar, medicinal oil). The results of the agrochemical analysis show that coriander does not have a major impact on the dynamics of macronutrients in the soil, while the biogenicity and activity of enzymes cellulase and catalase increased in soils with coriander culture compared to the no-vegetation control. Positive antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic microorganism E. coli was reported for all variants of coriander extracts, differing for individual parts of the plant and individual variant extracts. Root and whole plant extracts showed higher antimicrobial activity compared to leaf and stem extracts. The strongest antimicrobial activity of the plant extracts was found in the medicated oil and medicated vinegar variants and the weakest in the 'decoction' variants. The choice of solvent and exposure time likely influence the diameter of the retention zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: The present study was conducted to study the effect of mycorrhiza and vermicompost biological fertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.).Materials and Methods: An experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four treatment and four replications was conducted at the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz farm in 2015-2016. The treatments were included mycorrhiza fungi (combination of Glomus mosseae, G.intraradices, G.etunicatum), vermicompost, chemical fertilizer and control. After ripening 50% of fruits, the number of umbels per plant, number of seed per umbel, seed weight per umbel and seed yield were measured. Phosphorus content and percentage of root symbiosis with mycorrhiza were measured by colorimetric and root staining methods, respectively. The essential oil of plants was extracted by water distillation method. Result: The results of mean comparison of data showed that the highest of number of umbels per plant (31.05), seed yield (673.24 g.m-2), percentage of mycorrhizal symbiosis (60.25%), phosphorus content of leaf (1.63 %) and essential oil content (0.44 %) were obtained in plants inoculated with mycorrhiza. Also, highest of plant height and number of seed per umbel were observed in chemical fertilizer and mycorrhiza treatments. The control plants had the least of the above traits. Among the components identified in coriander essential oil, Linalool was the most abundant component of essential oil in all treatments. Conclusion: Overall, according to the results, the application of mycorrhizal fungi can be effective in increasing yield, yield components and essential oil of coriander.

Linalool is one of the commercially important fragrance molecule usually extracted from Lavandula angustifolia (lavender) and Ocimum basilicum (basil) plants. In the present study, efforts were made to produce this molecule in microbial system to meet demand-supply imbalance. Linalool synthase (LIS) gene from Magnolia champaca (Mc) and Coriandrum sativum (Cs) were successfully cloned and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae CEN PK2–1 C. It was observed that expression of full-length LIS (fLIS) resulted in lesser linalool when compared to truncated LIS (tLIS) devoid of plastid signal for both Mc and Cs. In terms of linalool yield, MctLIS resulted in 1.27-fold higher linalool when compared to CstLIS. Later, when two more genes viz., TPI1 and ALD6 which presumably increase sterol pathway flux were overexpressed, actually resulted in lower linalool and increased acetate production. However, multicopy expression of MctLIS and tHMG1 in this strain has reversed the above phenomenon due to presumptive push-pull strategy. Finally, this engineered strain was cultivated in the 2 L bioreactor in fed-batch mode to obtain 10.85 µg/mL of linalool. Docking studies of homology model of MctLIS with geranyl pyrophosophate (GPP) revealed V387, Y361, T434, R427 and R249 as key interactions sites. The study reports the linalool production using LIS gene from Magnolia champaca for the first time and could be a potential chassis for further studies. [Display omitted] • Linalool synthase from M. champaca and C. sativum were expressed in S. cerevisiae. • Co-overexpression of tHMG1, TPI, and ALD6 enhanced linalool by 1.55-fold. • Fed-batch cultivation of engineered strain increased linalool by 1.29-fold. • Molecular docking of the GPP with MctLIS established molecular interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Headspace-solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC–MS) and electronic nose (E -nose) technologies were implemented to characterize the volatile profile of aerial part from 40 coriander varieties. A total of 207 volatile compounds were identified and quantified, including aldehydes, alcohols, terpenes, hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, acids, furans, phenols and others. E -nose results showed that W5S and W2W were representative sensors responding to coriander odor. Among all varieties, the number (21–30 species) and content (449.94–1050.55 μg/g) of aldehydes were the highest, and the most abundant analytes were (Z) -9-hexadecenal or (E) -2-tetratecenal, which accounted for approximately one-third of the total content. In addition, 37 components were determined the characteristic constituents with odor activity values (OAVs) ≥ 1, mainly presenting citrusy, fatty, soapy and floral smells. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) could effectively distinguish different varieties. This study provided a crucial theoretical basis for flavor evaluation and quality improvement of coriander germplasm resources. • A total of 207 volatiles were identified and quantified in 40 coriander varieties. • The number and content of aldehydes were the highest in coriander. • 37 potent volatiles (OAVs ≥1) mainly presented citrusy and fatty fragrances. • W5S and W2W were representative sensors responding to coriander odor. • Aroma profile of 40 coriander varieties could be distinguished by chemometrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

European catfish (Silurus glanis) plays an important role in aquaculture due to its fast growth rate, its resistance to different environmental conditions, its adaptability to different rearing systems and the high nutritional and qualitative properties of the meat. Studies by many researchers have proven that coriander (Coriandrum sativum) has beneficial biological effects in fish, but studies regarding its or other phyto-additives influence on the meat quality of European catfish are sparse. The current study aimed to evaluate the influence of coriander seeds powder as phyto-additive (2 and 4%) in dry food pellets given to the European catfish, on chemical composition of its muscle. The coriander seed powder was administered 14 weeks in fish feed in two trials in duplicate: 2% and 4% to one-year-old European catfish. Three hundred fish were randomly selected and stocked into 6 tanks, 50 fish per tank. At the end of the experiment, 5 fish were collected from each tank, euthanized and used for the evaluation of the muscle quality. A piece of epaxial muscle from the highest part of the body was sampled, and subjected to the assessment of the crude protein and fat content, ash and moisture. The results revealed that coriander do not have a significant influence on muscle quality in general, but led to a significant (p£0.01) decrease of crude fat content.

The experiment was conducted to evaluate 24 coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) genotypes during the rabi 2018- 19 season for yield and yield related traits to assess the correlation and path analysis. Seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with umbels per plant, harvest index and seed per umbellate at both phenotypic as well as genotypic level. The characters namely umbels per plant, harvest index, branches per plant and days to maturity showed positive direct effect on seed yield per plant at both phenotypic as well as genotypic level. Therefore, greater emphasis should be given on these characters while selecting for higher seed yield and related traits.