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This paper examines the impact of board characteristics on environmental accounting information disclosure for listed mining companies in China. Board characteristics were categorized into board size, independence characteristics, diversity characteristics, behavioral characteristics, and incentive characteristics. The study further extended to analyze the impact of board characteristics on environmental disclosure before and after the promulgation of Environmental Information Disclosure Degree (EIDD). Using multiple regression analysis with a sample of 34 listed mining companies from both Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges covering 2000–2018 period, we find a significant positive correlation between board size and Environmental Accounting Disclosure Index (EADI). Also, board independence measured by independent directors and the separation of the chief executive officer from board chairman revealed a positive and significant relationship with EADI. Similarly, behavioral characteristics measured by board meeting were positively correlated with EADI at 1% significant level. In terms of diversity characteristics, both females on board and foreign nationals revealed a negative and insignificant relationship with EADI, while incentive characteristics saw an inconclusive correlation with EADI. Our findings are useful to top managers and regulators who are interested in improving corporate governance practices and environmental information disclosure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to enhance the understanding of the relationship between corporate governance mechanism and firm performance among Shariah-compliant firms using an integrated theoretical framework. This study is carried out on the top 200 Shariah-compliant firms listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2017. Given the longitudinal nature of the data, the researchers employ generalized least squares and random effect with robust and clustering standard error models to estimate the impact of ownership structure, board independence, board competence, firms' characteristics, and debt structure on firm performance as measured by the firm's return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). The findings show that ownership concentration has a statistically positive effect on firm performance. Having an external Chair and independent board members with an educational level beyond a bachelor's degree also have a positive effect on firm performance while CEO duality has a statistically negative impact instead. Insider representation has a positive impact on firm performance but when these inside board members are also the owners, the impact turns negative. Furthermore, the statistical significance of holding a bachelor's degree, master's degree, and other type of qualifications imply the need for board members to have greater knowledge in order to positively influence ROA and ROE. This is the first study to examine the influence of corporate governance mechanism on firm performance using a multi-theoretical approach in the context of Shariah-compliant firms. The interaction terms of elements in agency theory, stakeholder/resource-based theory, and stewardship theory are used as pre-conditions to the direct effect of these regressors on firm performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of corporate governance, reflecting a wide spectrum of board characteristics and ownership structure on agency costs in 281 listed companies on Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) in Vietnam in the period 2013--2018. For this purpose, three board characteristics were chosen: (1) the size of board of directors, (2) equilibrium between non-executive and executive members of the board of directors, (3) theCEOchair duality and three types of ownership structures were chosen: (1) management ownership, (2) government ownership, (3) foreign ownership. An inverse proxy of agency costs is used: asset utilization ratio (asset turnover), which reflects the managerial efficiency. The research methodology includes three statistical approaches: Ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed effects model (FEM) and random effects model (REM) are considered to employ to address econometric issues and to improve the accuracy of the regression coefficients. The results can create effective corporate governance mechanisms in controlling the managerial opportunistic behavior to lower agency conflicts, and hence lower agency costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper investigated the relationship between board characteristics and corporate performance of firms in Palestine. The degree to which the board is effective in performing its duties and tasks depends on several factors manifested by certain characteristics. Particularly, this research examined the impact of CEO duality, board size, board independence, board gender diversity, board academic background, and frequency of board meetings on the level of corporate performance. The sample encompassed all firms listed in the Palestine Stock Exchange (PSE) with available data for the years 2012 to 2014 with total 141 firm-year observations. The data was manually collected from the audited annual reports downloaded from PSE website. Generalized least square estimators were obtained for the multiple-linear relationship between board characteristics and firm performance. The results indicate that corporate performance of Palestinian listed firms is positively related to board duality, board gender diversity, and number of board meetings. Meanwhile, board size, board independence and board academic background seem to negatively affect performance. The results are consistent with the stewardship theory where the board plays a supportive role by empowering executives leading to, potentially, higher performance. In this context decisions are executed faster, the ambiguity between the processes and the objectives of the firm is reduced and performance is enhanced. Our results have an implication to any future corporate governance code setting. The stewardship theory not the agency theory should guide the lawmakers in constructing any new legislation related to corporate governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective -- the timeliness of financial statement submission becomes important in decision making. With the growing importance of timely financial statements for the relevance of decision making, an understanding of the determinants of audit report lag becomes necessary. This research intends to obtain empirical evidence that corporate governance through board and audit committee characteristics, specifically size, meetings, independence and expertise has an influence on audit report lag. Financial ratios through firm size, profitability and leverage are tested to determine their influence on audit report lag. Methodology/Technique -- Hypothesis tests with multiple regression are used with non-financial firms listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange between 2015 to 2017. This research uses purposive sampling with the result of 204 companies sampled and 612 data sets used in the model. Findings -- The result of this research show that board size, board meetings, board independence, audit committee size, firm size and profitability all have an influence on audit report lag. Meanwhile, audit committee independence, audit committee expertise, and leverage have no influence on audit report lag. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the realm of corporate finance, IPO (refers to the process of offering shares of corporation to the public for the first time) companies in Malaysia received little attention from the academic scholarly works. An important area of inquiry for IPO companies is to investigate the board characteristics impact on dividend initiation. With use of the agency theory principles, four argumentative hypotheses were proposed. The current study used a pooled cross-sectional data with a total sample size of 372 companies listed in the Malaysian Stock Market. The results of this study revealed that the independence of board and the size of board were found to have a positive and significant impact on the decision to initiate dividend for IPO companies. However, multi-seats were found to have a negative and significant impact on the decision to initiate dividend. But, CEO duality were found to be irrelevant to the decision of initiating dividend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the governance sensitivity of foreign institutional investors' (FII) ownership in a large emerging market setting of India, characterized by highly concentrated insider ownership. More specifically, we focus on the moderating role of firm size and price to book value (PB) in determining the relationship between FII ownership and board characteristics, such as board size, outside director ratio, CEO duality, and board meeting attendance. Our methodology emphasizes the importance of contextual analysis in studies relating to institutional investors' preferences. We find that FIIs prefer bigger boards and greater board independence in larger and growth firms (higher PB). Further, FIIs prefer firms that have separate CEO and Chairman of the board positions in growth firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate governance plays a decisive role in the financial performance of a firm. While the majority of the firms in China and India are owned and managed by its promoters, the present study attempts to examine the impact of ownership structure and board characteristics on firm value for these two economies. The study employs panel data methodology with industry and time fixed effects on a sample of 1,042 firms listed in National Stock Exchange of India and 450 firms listed in Shanghai Stock Exchange of China. The study finds promoter ownerships to positively impact a firm's value creation process, while institutional investors exert a negative influence. Although CEO duality enhances firm value in China, the results show otherwise for Indian firms. Additionally, while board independence is positively correlated to firm value in India, it has a negative effect on firms in China. Finally, the study finds that larger board size contributes favorably toward better decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the relationship between board characteristics and environmental performance. We adopt a triple perspective of environmental performance, focussing on emissions (waste and CO2), resource consumption (water and energy), and the implementation of environmental initiatives. The sample comprises 644 nonfinancial European Union–based companies. The data cover the period 2002 to 2017. The results confirm that gender diversity and the existence of a corporate social responsibility committee are positively associated with the firms' environmental performance. This finding is consistent with the view that the educational background, talent, and experience of women help promote sustainable environmental initiatives. The existence of a corporate social responsibility committee reflects a company's commitment to sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the direct and indirect effect of board characteristics on shareholders' wealth of manufacturing companies in Nigeria using dividend policy as mediator. Study population is six three manufacturing companies listed on the Nigerian stock exchange in 2008 to 2018. Sample of Fifty-one companies were used. Using path analysis, significant impact of dividend payout on BX and SW exist. BC, BS, and BG have positive significant effect on SW (EPS and MPS). It's concluded that, board characteristics can improve shareholders wealth by using dividend policy. Therefore, sampled firms can restructure their dividend policies for the improvement of shareholders' wealth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates whether strong board oversight is influential in firms' choice of incorporating non-financial performance measures (NFPM) in executive compensation. We find that more independent boards, boards with inconsequential entrenchment, larger boards, boards with a higher percentage of reputable directors and gender diverse boards, favor the use of NFPM. These findings suggest the importance of board strength in influencing firms' decision of using NFPM, and that corporate governance strength should be a priority for maintaining an optimal contracting environment for executives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine the role of board characteristics on the performance of Australian credit unions during the period 2004–2012. Credit unions are unique as they are member‐owned institutions, and their directors are democratically elected by their members – an unusual governance structure that poses challenges for board effectiveness. We find that board remuneration, board expertise and attendance at meetings are associated with increased credit‐union performance and are consistent with the goal of maximising member benefits. While the unique features of credit unions limit the presence of external monitoring mechanisms, we provide evidence that these board characteristics are relevant for credit unions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines how corporate board features and auditor characteristics in Bangladesh influence the disclosure of key audit matters (KAM) in annual reports from 2018 to 2021. Using ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions, the study finds that factors such as chair gender, the presence of women on the board, audit committee (AC) size, auditor tenure, and client-auditor relationship significantly affect KAM disclosure. However, AC expertise, family CEO succession, and board political connections do not have significant effects. Notably, having a family member CEO with a long-tenured auditor has a negative association with KAM disclosure, while a politically connected family CEO has a positive association with such disclosures. Additionally, Big-4 auditors of important clients are negatively associated with KAM disclosure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contemporary Accounting Research is the property of Canadian Academic Accounting Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine if certain board characteristics have an impact on the financial performance of manufacturing firms in India. Design/methodology/approach - The study draws on data from 275 firms listed in NSE during from 2011 to 2015, using a multiple regression model. The present study examines the effect of board characteristics such as board size, CEO duality, independence and board activity devoted to the effectiveness of firms performance regarding market and accounting based financial performance measures. Findings - The finding supports an inverse association between the extent of board characteristics and the firms’ performance indicators. The study also finds a statistically significant negative relationship between board size and Tobins Q, ROA and ROE. The evidence also shows that the board independence and meeting frequency moderate the relationship between return on equity and return on assets by enhancing these measures among corporate governance mechanisms. Research limitations/implications - The present study does not include all possible board characteristics, i.e., large shareholders dominance on the board and promoter’s and institutional shareholding, to support firm’s performance. Further research might include the ownership structure of the board to improve firm’s performance. Originality/value - The study focuses on the corporate governance issues such as size, duality, independence and activity of the boards and their influence on firm performance. The subject analyzes the possible impact of board characteristics and firm-related features that have received much attention from academic research, which has largely focused on studying the publications of corporate governance in India and Asian context.

This article investigates effects of corporate governance on the decision to voluntarily disclose corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. By using a unique longitude data set of Chinese publicly traded manufacturing firms from 2010 to 2016, this study finds that ownership structure and board characteristics are significantly associated with firms' decisions to voluntarily disclose CSR reports. In particular, our study finds that state ownership, institutional ownership, managerial ownership and board size are positively and significantly associated with the decision to voluntarily disclose CSR reports. However, board independence is not related to the decision. We also find CEO duality is negatively and significantly related to the decision. Our findings highlight the role of corporate governance in firms' transparency by influencing the voluntary disclosure of additional information on firms' CSR activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine the effect of managerial characteristics on investment in the stock market by listed firms in China. Our empirical findings suggest that higher levels of cash‐based compensation may increase both the propensity of investing in the stock market and the total amount of investment. On the other hand, managerial holdings discourage managers from investing in stock markets and also lead to a decrease in the amount of investment. This study sheds light on managerial risk‐taking incentives. Moreover, this study fills the gap in the literature by providing evidence for the determinants of listed firms' stock market investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper employs a new perspective for viewing product recall as a way to responsibly manage a firm with a record of corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement. Firms known for their past CSR performance are assumed to be responsible in recalling defective products when a product‐harm crisis occurs. We examine whether the cumulated CSR efforts increase the likelihood of engaging in a voluntary product recall. To further reinforce the perspective, we examine whether the relationship still holds under performance pressure. In addition, this study examines the moderating effect of board characteristics that give a sense of ownership to board members (e.g., a family member of a founder, holding block shares, and voting power) in increasing socially responsible firms' engagement in the voluntary recall. The hypotheses were tested using a sample of 592 public firms in the United States from 2001 to 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first meta‐analysis of evidence about the influence of the corporate governance on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure, in a setting where the disclosure of information is voluntary but not discretionary. We apply meta‐analysis to a sample of 24 empirical studies to clarify the relationship of board size, board independence, women on board, number of board meeting, CEO duality, and company ownership with ESG disclosure. Our results show that board independence, board size, and women directorship visibly enhance ESG voluntary disclosure; board ownership and CEO duality do not improve the level of ESG disclosure; and some hesitations remain in respect of the number of board meetings and institutional and family ownership. The paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the corporate governance mechanisms that lead to more ESG disclosure and highlight the need of new approach on these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the corporate governance characteristics and its influence on the intellectual capital (IC) performance for a sample of 95 firms listed on National Stock Exchange in India. The corporate governance (CG) characteristics are represented through board size, independence of directors, frequency of board meetings, remuneration of directors and composition of board. The impact of these CG characteristics on the performance of intellectual capital and its components is studied for a 7-year period, i.e. FY2010-2011 to FY2016-2017, using panel regression. The research findings provide clear evidence that CG characteristics influence the IC performance of only large-cap firms in India. Further, board size and independence of directors are seen to have the most significant impacts. Board size is negatively associated with IC performance of large-cap firms. Capital expended efficiency and productivity of midcap firms are observed to have a significant inverted-U relation with board size. The relative significance of various other CG factors varies for IC as well as its sub-components. The findings of this study are important because it gives a strong empirical evidence for regulatory authorities in India to strictly monitor the compliance of rules on structure and composition of the board of directors besides just laying down broad guidelines for the listed companies. This also serves as the first research work to justify the significance of corporate governance on IC performance of firms in India. One of the limitations of this research is inability to incorporate several other characteristics of board such as duality and detailed profile of board members due to non-availability of time-series data for all the firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims at analysing the board characteristics of select manufacturing and service firms in India. It attempts to explore whether these characteristics influence Intellectual capital (IC) efficiency of service sector firms or manufacturing firms. Design: The study uses panel data and multiple regression to examine the firms' performance. The period of study is three years from 2015-16 to 2017-18; thirty firms each from manufacturing and service sector is taken for study. Findings: The empirical evidence is quite interesting. The board characteristics of both groups have varied differences. It can also be observed clearly that the impact of board characteristics on IC performance is more in the service sector than in the manufacturing sector. Research limitations/implications: the study focuses only on select firms from manufacturing and service sector as a preliminary study. The study can be expanded to cover sectors and industries. Originality and value: There are several research studies that try to explore the impact of corporate governance on the financial performance of firms. However, there are none which looks into their impact on the intangible performance of firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Soochow Journal of Economics & Business is the property of Soochow Journal of Economics & Business and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper investigates the relationship between the components of corporate governance structure including board characteristics, ownership structure, and financial leverage in the companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. The aim to this study is to examine the impact of board size, percent of non-executive directors, CEO-Chairman duality, percent of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and governmental ownership on financial leverage of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange .In order to investigate research hypotheses, the data of 133 companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2006 to 2014 has been investigated by implementing regression models based on panel data. In order to measure financial leverage, total debt ratio and the ratio of long-term debt to total assets were used. The results obtained from research indicate that there is a statistically significant and positive relationship between board size, the percentage of non-executive directors, and institutional ownership, CEO-Chairman duality and financial leverage; while, there is a significant and negative relationship between managerial ownership and financial leverage. Also, there is a significant and negative relation between long-term debt ratio and governmental ownership, while no significant relationship was found between total debt ratio and governmental ownership. Altogether, these findings prove the significant role of board characteristics and ownership structure on financing decisions made by firms.

The Paris “Climate Deal” is an indication of the seriousness at international level, being attached to environmental degradation. The efficiencies of government environmental agencies in the disclosure of environmental information by sensitive firms in Nigeria, is what the study to examine. Covering the periods 2009 to 2014, secondary data was obtained from firms’ financial, sustainability and TBL statements selected at random from six sectors of the economy. Through the use of Stata13 analytical tool, regression of the variables was carried out. The result showed an encouraging disclosure index of about 55%. In particular, all the relationships measured had significant relationships and applied the latest version of GRI (G4). Environmental agencies were also tested for their role in sustainability reporting. The study recommends nonexecutive members of the board of Directors be educated on environmental matters so as to offset their negative impact on the disclosure of environmental information.

This unique study examines the alliance between board characteristics and shareholders assessment of risk as revealed in the volatility of stock returns for Pakistani listed companies. For this purpose, a sample of 30 manufacturing companies is used that are listed on Karachi Stock Exchange for the period of 2004 to 2013. The study uses panel data analysis and reports that random effect model is the best results yielding method. Our hypothesis incorporates preceding evidence that the small and large firms have spectacularly diverse constitution of boards, shimmering the firms diverse monitoring and counseling needs. It is hypothesized and locate confirmation with the intention of entrenched the large firms are able to produce affirmative net benefits, in the appearance of lesser risk, form board independence, gender diversity and director ownership. On the other hand the finding of this study showed the board size is negatively associated with the shareholder assessment of risk for large firms and the positive associated with the assessment of risk for small firms. The CEO duality is positive associated with the assessment of risk for large and negative associated amid assessment of risk for small firms. The results have insinuation for regulatory authorities, shareholders and directors to take steps to improve the board competanices for better performance.

The objective of this study is to examines the relationship between board characteristics and firm performance. The study used data of 146 public listed firms in Istanbul stock exchange for the period of 2011- 2015. The study utilised cross sectional time-series feasible generalized least squire regression, which count for autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity to examine the influence of board characteristics in firm performance in Turkey. This study results reflect that board attributes proxies by interlocking directorship, education level and board size improve firm performance. This study finds insignificant relationship between independent directors and firm performance. The finding of this study has policy and practical implication on corporate governance. For example, future regulation reforms might consider board attributes instead of the concentrate on more independent directors to work in the board of directors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many countries, there are a certain number of organizations going through severe crises due to a failure in corporate governance. In this study, the main aim is to determine how the ownership structure and the characteristics of the boards of Nigeria's listed deposit money banks (DMBs) affect aggressive earnings management for a period of 5 years (2011-2016). The panel least-square method was used to analyze the data collected. The findings revealed that private, foreign and government shareholdings have a negative and significant impact on aggressive earnings management. Also, directors' tenures status has a significant effect on aggressive earning management, while the board size, the gender and the size of the firm have no such significant effect in the period observed. Based on these findings, the study concludes that the ownership structure has a significant impact on aggressive earnings management, whereas the characteristics of the board, excluding directors' tenures status, do not have any significant effect. Hence, the study recommends that the 10% threshold imposed by the CBN on the government shareholding should be maintained, while regulatory and supervisory agencies are advised to pay adequate attention and conduct the monitoring of the activities performed by the CEOs of the banks, especially upon expiry of the directors' tenure, so as to protect shareholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using data from a single database of Colombian firms, we confirmed an endogenous relationship between specific board characteristics, compliance with corporate governance guidelines, and firm performance. A board comprising experts without conflicts of interest is more likely to control ethical behavior, implement audit committees, review compliance with accepted accounting standards, and approve and control the firm's strategic planning, all of which will lead to an improvement in firm results, and engagement and retention of higher quality board members. Conclusions have strong implications for public policy and managerial practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the association between board characteristics and the ethical reputation of financial institutions. Given the pivotal governance role of the board of directors and the value-relevance of ethical corporate behavior, we postulate a positive relationship between ethical reputation and board features that foster more effective monitoring and oversight. Using a sample of large financial institutions from 13 different countries, we run several alternative panel regressions of ethical reputation on board characteristics and firm-specific controls. Our results demonstrate that the ethical reputation of financial institutions is positively associated with board size, gender diversity, and CEO duality, while being negatively related to the busyness of the board members and a composite index reflecting poor monitoring. Nevertheless, inconsistent with our hypothesis, we also document that financial institutions with less frequent board meetings have better ethical reputation. Overall, our empirical findings suggest that stronger board oversight may promote ethical behavior in the financial industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the effect of Board Characteristics on Earnings Quality of Nigeria Conglomerate firms. Data were extracted from the audited accounts of Nigeria conglomerate firms using secondary source of data collection. Two step regression was employed in analyzing the data extracted. The result indicated that the board characteristics proxies have a significant impact on earnings quality of Nigerian Conglomerate firms. This establishes the fact that board characteristics play a significant role in checkmating the unethical behaviours of managers in the Nigerian conglomerate firms and thus improving the earnings quality. The study therefore, recommends that the proportion of non executive directors should be maximized. Emphases should be on experience and objectivity when appointing women as members on board of directors not by mere quest for gender sensitivity. The implication of the findings is that firm with higher number of non executive and women directors are more likely to report quality earnings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates correlations between board characteristics and firm performances. For this purpose, six board characteristics were chosen: (1) equilibrium between non-executive and executive members of the board of directors; (2) independence of board members; (3) selection of board members by the assistant role of the Nomination Committee; (4) training the members’ competences; (5) remuneration policy of board members by the assistant role of the Remuneration Committee; (6) improuving the accountability and transparency of financial information by the assistant role of the Audit Committee. The financial performances are represented by Return on assets (ROA) and Tobin’s Q. The present study sample consists of 55 Romanian non-financial companies which are listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange (BSE) in 2012. We found the following characteristics in the majority of boards of directors: equilibrium between non-executive and executive members, independence of the members and concerns on training competences. On the other hand, the majority of companies do not have, within their governance system, advisory committees (such as Nomination, Remuneration or Audit Committees), which are meant to help the board in its decision-making. No statistically significant association was found between any of the board characteristics and performances represented either by Tobin’s Q or ROA, but the findings are in line with numerous studies conducted in developing countries and may be explained by various shortcomings which characterise the lagging of transition economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]