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908 results on '"Zhu, Weiyun"'

220. Effect of Gynosaponin on Rumen In vitro Methanogenesis under Different Forage-Concentrate Ratios

Author

Manatbay, Bakhetgul, Cheng, Yanfen, Mao, Shengyong, and Zhu, Weiyun

Subjects
Forage, In vitro, Microbiota, Methanogenesis, Concentrate Ratios, Article, Gynosaponin
Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the effects of gynosaponin on in vitro methanogenesis under different forage-concentrate ratios (F:C ratios). Experiment was conducted with two kinds of F:C ratios (F:C = 7:3 and F:C = 3:7) and gynosaponin addition (0 mg and 16 mg) in a 2×2 double factorial design. In the presence of gynosaponin, methane production and acetate concentration were significantly decreased, whereas concentration of propionate tended to be increased resulting in a significant reduction (p

Published
2014

221. Significant changes in caecal microbial composition and metabolites of weaned piglets after protein restriction and succedent realimentation.

Author

Tian, Shiyi, Shi, Qing, Zhu, Yizhi, Yang, Huairong, Wang, Jing, and Zhu, Weiyun

Subjects
BUTYRIC acid, MICROBIAL metabolites, SHORT-chain fatty acids, PIGLETS, PROTEINS, BACTERIAL diversity, ACETIC acid
Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of protein restriction and subsequent realimentation on caecal barrier function, caecal microbial composition and metabolites in weaned piglets. Thirty‐six 28‐day‐old weaned piglets were randomly assigned to a control group and a treatment group. The piglets were fed diets containing 18.83% (normal) or 13.05% (low) of crude protein from the 1st to 14th day, after which all piglets were fed diets containing 18.83% of crude protein from the 15th to 28th day. The results showed that protein restriction increased caecal bacterial diversity and richness as well as the abundance of Ruminococcus 2, Faecalibacterium and Lachnospiraceae_uncultured, but reduced the abundance and the gene copies of Lactobacillus in the treatment group compared with the control group on day 14. Protein restriction also decreased the concentrations of isovaleric acid and total branched‐chain fatty acids. During the succedent protein realimentation stage, the abundance of Ruminococcaceae UCG‐014 and the concentrations of lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid and total short‐chain fatty acids were increased in the treatment group on day 28. Furthermore, the ammonia concentration was reduced, while the gene mRNA levels of caecal barrier function were increased in the treatment group both on days 14 and 28. In conclusion, dietary protein restriction and realimentation could change caecal microbial composition and metabolites, and eventually influence caecal barrier function. The present study may provide a new insight into protein restriction and realimentation in weaned piglets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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222. Long‐term effect of early antibiotic exposure on amino acid profiles and gene expression of transporters and receptors in the small intestinal mucosa of growing pigs with different dietary protein levels.

Author

Yu, Miao, Mu, Chunlong, Zhang, Chuanjian, Yang, Yuxiang, Su, Yong, and Zhu, Weiyun

Subjects
GENE expression profiling, AMINO acids, INTESTINAL mucosa, SMALL intestine, ESSENTIAL amino acids, INTESTINES, SWINE, ORAL mucosa
Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effects of early antibiotic exposure (EAE) on subsequent amino acid (AA) profiles and small intestinal AA transporter and receptor expression level in pigs with different dietary crude protein (CP) levels. Eighteen litters of piglets were fed creep feed diets, either with or without antibiotics while with sow on day 7. The pigs were weaned at day 23 and fed the same diets until day 42, when random pigs within each group were offered a normal‐ or low‐CP diet, thereby creating four groups. On day 120, the pigs were euthanized, and jejunal and ileal mucosa and digesta were collected for gene‐expression and AA‐concentration analysis. RESULTS: With the normal‐CP diet, EAE increased (P < 0.05) the concentrations of six essential amino acids (EAA) and three non‐essential amino acids (NEAA) in serum, four EAAs and four NEAAs in jejunal mucosa, one EAA and two NEAAs in ileal mucosa, five EAAs and three NEAAs in jejunal digesta, and three EAAs and two NEAAs in ileal digesta. Early antibiotic exposure upregulated (P < 0.05) CAT1, ASCT2, ATB0,+, CaSR, T1R1, and T1R3 expression in the jejunum, downregulated PepT1 expression with a normal‐CP diet. It upregulated (P < 0.05) the expressions of CAT1, ATB0,+, ATP1A1, and T1R3 in the ileum with a normal‐CP diet. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that EAE has long‐term effects on AA profiles, mainly in the jejunum and serum, by increasing AA transporter expression in the intestine, and that these effects may be influenced by dietary CP levels. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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223. Antibiotic effects on gut microbiota, metabolism, and beyond.

Author

Mu, Chunlong and Zhu, Weiyun

Subjects
*GUT microbiome, *VITAMIN E, *METABOLISM, *POTENTIAL functions, *AMINO acids
Abstract

Current advances on gut microbiota have broadened our view on host-microbiota interactions. As a microbiota-targeted approach, the use of antibiotics has been widely adopted to explore the role of gut microbiota in vivo. Antibiotics can change the microbial composition, resulting in varied effects, depending on the antibiotic class, dosage, and duration. Antibiotic intervention in early life leads to life-long phenotype alterations, including obesity. Antibiotic-induced changes in gut microbiota affect the epithelial utilization of both macronutrients (e.g., amino acids) and micronutrients (e.g., copper, vitamin E) and the redox homeostasis. Of particular interest is the regulation of gut anaerobiosis and aerobiosis by oxygen availability, which is closely related to epithelial metabolism. Additionally, antibiotic interventions enable to identify novel roles of gut microbiota in gut-liver axis and gut-brain axis. Indigenous antimicrobial molecules are produced by certain microbes, and they have the potential to affect function through eliciting changes in the gut microbiota. This review discusses at length these findings to gain a better and novel insight into microbiota-host interactions and the mechanisms involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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230. Pyruvate is an effective substitute for glutamate in regulating porcine nitrogen excretion

Author

Li, Yunxia, primary, Tang, Zhiru, additional, Li, Tiejun, additional, Chen, C, additional, Huang, Feiruo, additional, Yang, Jing, additional, Xu, Qingqing, additional, Zhen, Jifu, additional, Wu, Zhaoliang, additional, Li, Mao, additional, Sun, Jiajing, additional, Chen, Jinchao, additional, Zhang, Xiangxin, additional, Wu, Liuting, additional, An, Rui, additional, Zhao, Shengjun, additional, Jiang, Qingyan, additional, Zhu, Weiyun, additional, Yin, Yulong, additional, and Sun, Zhihong, additional

Published
2018
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232. Low-Protein Diets Decrease Porcine Nitrogen Excretion but with Restrictive Effects on Amino Acid Utilization

Author

Wu, Liuting, primary, Zhang, Xiangxin, additional, Tang, Zhiru, additional, Li, Yunxia, additional, Li, Tiejun, additional, Xu, Qingqing, additional, Zhen, Jifu, additional, Huang, Feiruo, additional, Yang, Jing, additional, Chen, Cheng, additional, Wu, Zhaoliang, additional, Li, Mao, additional, Sun, Jiajing, additional, Chen, Jinchao, additional, An, Rui, additional, Zhao, Shengjun, additional, Jiang, Qingyan, additional, Zhu, Weiyun, additional, Yin, Yulong, additional, and Sun, Zhihong, additional

Published
2018
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242. Activation of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase by Sodium Dichloroacetate Shifts Metabolic Consumption from Amino Acids to Glucose in IPEC-J2 Cells and Intestinal Bacteria in Pigs

Author

An, Rui, primary, Tang, Zhiru, additional, Li, Yunxia, additional, Li, Tiejun, additional, Xu, Qingqing, additional, Zhen, Jifu, additional, Huang, Feiru, additional, Yang, Jing, additional, Chen, Cheng, additional, Wu, Zhaoliang, additional, Li, Mao, additional, Sun, Jiajing, additional, Zhang, Xiangxin, additional, Chen, Jinchao, additional, Wu, Liuting, additional, Zhao, Shengjun, additional, Qingyan, Jiang, additional, Zhu, Weiyun, additional, Yin, Yulong, additional, and Sun, Zhihong, additional

Published
2018
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250. Differences in microbiota membership along the gastrointestinal tract of piglets and their differential alterations following an early-life antibiotic intervention

Author

Mu, Chunlong, Yang, Yuxiang, Su, Yong, Zoetendal, Erwin G., Zhu, Weiyun, Mu, Chunlong, Yang, Yuxiang, Su, Yong, Zoetendal, Erwin G., and Zhu, Weiyun

Abstract

Early-life antibiotic interventions can change the predisposition to disease by disturbing the gut microbiota. However, the impact of antibiotics on gut microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract is not completely understood, although antibiotic-induced alterations in the distal gut have been reported. Here, employing a piglet model, the microbial composition was analyzed by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and PICRUSt predictions of metagenome function. The present study showed clear spatial variation of microbial communities in the stomach and intestine, and found that the administration of antibiotics (a mixture of olaquindox, oxytetracycline calcium, kitasamycin) in early life caused markedly differential alterations in the compartmentalized microbiota, with major alterations in their spatial variation in the lumen of the stomach and small intestine. In piglets fed an antibiotic-free diet, most of the variation in microbial communities was concentrated in gut segments and niches (lumen/mucosa). The microbial diversity was higher in the lumen of stomach and duodenum than that in ileum. The early-life antibiotic intervention decreased the abundance of some Lactobacillus species and increased the abundance of potentially pathogenic Streptococcus suis in the lumen of the stomach and small intestine. Interestingly, the intervention increased the abundance of Treponema only in the colonic lumen and that of Faecalibacterium only in the ileal mucosa. Furthermore, the antibiotic intervention exerted location-specific effects on the functional potential involved in the phosphotransferase system (decreased sucrose phosphotransferase in the stomach) and antibiotic-resistance genes (increased in the colon). These results point to an early-life antibiotic-induced dramatic and location-specific shift in the gut microbiota, with profound impact in the foregut and less impact in the hindgut. Collectively, these findings provide new insights into the membership of the micro

Published
2017

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