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Elliptical curl antennas that can radiated circularly polarized waves are analyzed in detail. The axial ratio of the radiated wave is found to be dependent on the axial ratio of the curled section (physical axial ratio), the end angle of the curled section, the wire radius and the length of the vertical section. A two-element array is constructed. The input impedance and radiation pattern of one single curl element, the radiation pattern of two-element array are calculated and are in good agreements with the measurement.

This paper reports an ongoing effort to develop an unsupervised on-line speaker adaptation method for the telephony environment. All speakers in the training data corpus are acoustically pre-clustered into clusters, and a cluster-dependent system is built for each cluster. When a new telephony test speaker is given, a cluster, which is the closest to the speaker, is determined and selected by an improved distance measure. Based on this selected cluster, a MLLR (maximum likelihood linear regression) adaptation algorithm with block diagonal transformation is applied to move the cluster model to be closer to the testing speaker. For telephony applications the adaptation data can be very short or noisy, potentially the MLLR adapted means can be unreliable. A MAP-like weighting scheme for MLLR adaptation is applied to ensure the adapted mean reliability when the adaptation data is very short.

Aim: There is still no standard first-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). This study compared the first-line use of gemcitabine/cisplatin (GP) with one standard regimen containing gemcitabine/paclitaxel (GT) for patients with mTNBC in terms of efficacy and safety. Methods: A hybrid trial design incorporating a formal test of superiority as well as non-inferiority was applied to compare the GP and GT regimens as first-line treatment on PFS of mTNBC in the Chinese Breast Cancer Study Group (CBCSG) 006 trial (clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01287624).We randomly assigned 240 mTNBC patients with no previous exposure to palliative chemotherapy to receive GP regimen (1250 mg/m2 d1,8/ 75 mg/m2 d1) or GT regimen (1250 mg/m2 d1,8 /175 mg/m2 d1) with expected median PFS improvement of 1.2 months. Results: Between Jan. 2011 and Nov. 2013, 236 patients received at least one dose of assigned chemotherapy with 118 patients in each arm and were all put in the intent-to-treat analysis. As of Mar. 20, 2014, there were 201 PFS events and 97 overall survival events. The GP regimen was different from the GT regimen in terms of objective response rates (67.9% vs. 50.4%, P= 0.008), PFS (median 232 vs.194 days, P= 0.009; HR 0.692, 95%CI 0.523-0.915), and overall survival (median 672 vs.556 days, P= 0.611). Delivered relative dose intensity for the three drugs was all more than 90%, with the number of total delivered cycles per arm at 654 and 648 for GP and GT, respectively. Significant differences in grade 3/4 adverse events between the GP and GT arms were nausea (6.8% and 0.8%), vomiting (11.0% and 0.8%), anemia (33.1% and 5.1%), thrombocytopenia (32.2% and 2.5%). For adverse events of all grades, the GP regimen had significantly more nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia while GT regimen had significantly more alopecia and peripheral neuropathy. Conclusions: The GP regimen is better than the GT regimen in terms of objective response and PFS in the first-line treatment of mTNBC patients. The toxicity profiles of the two regimens were different without any unexpected findings. Disclosure: All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

1041 Background: Oral metronomic chemotherapy may target tumor cells indirectly via antiangiogenic activity, restoration of anticancer immune response, or induction of tumor dormancy. This phase II...

10567 Background: Tumor glucose metabolism correlates with tumor biology and clinical outcome of breast cancer patients. This prospective cohort study was to explore correlations of 18F-FDG uptake, a surrogate for glucose metabolism, with molecular subtypes in women with advanced breast cancer. Methods: Patients diagnosed as advanced breast cancer were enrolled in the study. PET/CT was performed and the Maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUVmax) of each lesion was documented as baseline, so was clinical and treatment information. Diagnosis of malignant nature of a lesion was confirmed by pathology or further follow-up. Patients who had got a progressive disease in the efficacy assessment were assigned new treatments as per-institutional guidelines. Results: 244 patients met the criteria and were all put into this analysis. Independent factors for influencing SUVmax value included luminal subtype (p= 0.002), triple-negative subtype (p18F-FDG uptake correlates with molecular subtypes in women with advanced breast cancer. Baseline SUVmax is an independent prognostic factor for survival of patients with advanced breast cancer, especially those with luminal subtypes.

541 Background: PI3K pathway activation is associated with primary resistance of trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. It remains to be not fully understood how this ...

We propose a moving objects segmentation method for color image sequences based on the piecewise constant Mumford-Shah model (also known as the C-V model) solving by the semi-implicit additive operator splitting (AOS) scheme, which is unconditionally stable, fast, and easy to implement. The method first uses the Gaussian mixture model for background modeling and then subtracts the background to obtain the moving regions that are the handling objects of our method. As a result of the introduction of the AOS scheme, we could use a rather large time step and still maintain the stability of the evolution process. Additionally, the method can easily be parallelized because the AOS scheme decomposes the equations into a sequence of one-dimensional (1-D) systems. The experimental results demonstrate that under real moving objects video tests, the AOS scheme accelerates the evolution of the curve and significantly reduces the number of iterations, and also demonstrates the validity of our method.

We have studied the quantum Liouville theory on the Riemann sphere with n>3 punctures. While considering the theory on the Riemann surfaces with n=4 punctures, the quantum theory near an arbitrary but fixed puncture can be obtained via canonical quantization and an extra symmetry is explored. While considering more than four distinguished punctures, we have found the exchange relations of the monodromy parameters from which we can get a reasonable quantum theory., Comment: 13 pages

e14603 Background: Zoledronic acid (ZOL) can reduce the risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) and may have direct and indirect antitumor effects, which have been shown in animal models, pilot clinical studies as well as in recent phase III randomized trials. However, the pharmacokinetics of the drug in breast cancer patients remains to be elucidated and optimized. The purpose of this randomized study was to compare the effects of ZOL on osteoclasts and angiogenesis between a weekly low-dose versus a conventional dosage. Methods: Sixty breast cancer patients with bone metastases were recruited in this randomized phase II clinical study. The participants either received ZOL 1mg IV weekly for 4 doses or a single dose of ZOL 4mg IV. No other antitumor treatments were administered. During the first month after initial infusion of ZOL, serial blood samples were collected on day 1, 15 and 29 measuring markers for bone resorption (NTx), angiogenesis (VEGF), and tumor burden (CEA and CA15–3). Results: Compared to a single-dose administration, weekly low dose of ZOL resulted in a greater reduction in serum levels of VEGF and NTx, with a significant trend over time during one month observation. There were no statistically significant differences in circulating levels of CEA and CA15–3 between the two dosing regimens. Patients who received metronomic ZOL had a longer median time to disease progression (TTP) (7.0 months, 95%CI, 6.1–7.9 months) than those who had a single dose of ZOL (2.8 months, 95%CI, 0–5.7 months; p=0.076). Conclusions: The metronomic use of low-dose ZOL 1 mg appeared to be more effective than the conventional regimen in the long-lasting reduction of VEGF and NTx, and in prolonging TTP. This dosing schedule should be further assessed in phase III trials as we demonstrated that ZOL 1mg has greater antitumor properties in our study. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

10713 Background: There were no standard chemotherapy regimen to patients with advanced breast cancer who had been exposed to anthracyclines, vinorelbine and taxanes. The mitomycin-C and cisplatin combination was investigated in this subgroup of patients. Methods: Three-weekly regimen consisted of mitomycin, 6 mg/m2 administered intravenously on day 1, and cisplatin, 25 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1–3. Results: 38 patients aged 25–75 years (median: 46 years) were treated with an overall response rate of 31.6%. The median time to progression (TTP) was 4.0 months. Median TTP for 12 patients with a complete or partial response was 9.0 months, while stable disease and progression of disease 4.0 months, p = 0.002. Grade 3/4 side effects of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and nausea/vomiting were documented in 4 (10.5%), 4 (10.5%) and 3 (7.9%) patients, respectively. The median overall survival was 13+ months. Conclusions: The mitomycin-C/cisplatin doublet showed antitumor activity for anthracycline-, vinorelbine-, and taxane-resistant breast cancer comparable to other regimens. This well-tolerated regimen provides an affordable option for patients in China. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Disclosed is a method of automated speaker identification, comprising receiving a sample speech input signal from a sample handset; deriving a cepstral covariance sample matrix from the first sample speech signal; calculating, with a distance metric, all distances between the sample matrix and one or more cepstral covariance signature matrices; determining if the smallest of the distances is below a predetermined threshold value; and wherein the distance metric is selected from d 5 ⁡ ( S , Σ ) = A + 1 H - 2 , d 6 ⁡ ( S , Σ ) = ( A + 1 H ) ⁢ ( G + 1 G ) - 4 , d 7 ⁡ ( S , Σ ) = A 2 ⁢ ⁢ H ⁢ ( G + 1 G ) - 1 , d 8 ⁡ ( S , Σ ) = ( A + 1 H ) ( G + 1 G ) - 1 , d 9 ⁡ ( S , Σ ) = A G + G H - 2 , fusion derivatives thereof, and fusion derivatives thereof with ⁢ d 1 ⁡ ( S , Σ ) = A H - 1.

To establish cDNA suppression subtraction library with a high subtraction efficiency by counterpart normal gastric mucosa mixture mRNA subtracting gastric cancer cells mixture mRNA for screening down-regulated genes in gastric carcinoma.RNA of gastric cancer tissues and counterpart normal gastric mucosa were respectively isolated in five patients with gastric cancer, and their mRNA was purified. cDNA suppression subtraction library was established by counterpart normal gastric mucosa mixture mRNA (tester) subtracting gastric cancer tissues mixture mRNA (driver) of five patients with gastric carcinoma. The library plasmids were transformed into competent bacteria DH5a after ligation of the library cDNA fragments with T vectors. Library plasmids were extracted after picking colonies and shaking bacteria overnight. Its subtraction efficiency was confirmed by PCR and reverse hybridization of a nylon filter onto which the colonies of bacteria were transferred with probes of reverse transcription products cDNA of gastric cancer tissues mRNA and counterpart normal gastric mucosa mRNA labeled with alpha- (32)P dCTP.mRNA purified from total RNA of gastric cancer tissues and counterpart normal gastric mucosa in five patients with gastric carcinoma revealed a good quality. cDNA suppression subtraction library constructed for screening down-regulated genes in gastric carcinoma represented a high subtraction efficiency. 86 % of differential expression in down-regulated genes between counterpart normal gastric mucosa and gastric carcinoma was confirmed.cDNA suppression subtraction library with a high subtraction efficiency for screening down-regulated genes in gastric carcinoma is successfully established.

The cloning of 3'-truncated preS/S gene from HBV genomic DNA and its expression in transgenic mice

Practical speech recognizers must accept normal conversational voice input (including hesitations). However, most automatic speech recognition work has concentrated on read speech, whose acoustic aspects differ significantly from speech found in actual dialogues. Hesitations, filled pauses, and restarts (after aborted utterances) are common in natural speech, yet few recognition systems handle such disfluencies with any degree of success. Among other problems, filled pauses (e.g., ‘‘uhh,’’ ‘‘umm’’), unlike silences, resemble phones as part of words in continuous speech. The work reported here further develops techniques to allow identification of filled pauses. The problem of finding and correcting restarts is also examined, i.e., not just determining where the speech interruption occurs, but also estimating which words are undesired. The Switchboard database (of natural telephone conversations, yielding relatively poor recognition rates to date) provided data for the study. While most automatic reognition methods rely entirely on spectral envelope (e.g., low‐order cepstral coefficients), identifying hesitation phoenemena requires using a combination of spectra, fundamental frequency and duration.

CD14 mediates the inflammatory response via recognition of lipopolysaccharide, which has been implicated in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections. Increasing evidence has suggested that CD14 status significantly influences the clinical outcome of H. pylori infection, which can result in gastric carcinoma. However, there is little evidence regarding the cellular impact and associated molecular basis of CD14 on gastric carcinoma cells. To address this question, we generated a CD14-overexpressing SGC-7901 gastric carcinoma cell line and analyzed the impact of CD14 expression. Our results revealed that cells overexpressing CD14 exhibited antitumor potential, including significantly decreased clonogenic ability, proliferation, metastatic invasion, as well as enhanced apoptosis, suggesting a tumor-suppressive role of CD14 in the cells. Intriguingly, we further discovered that CD14 overexpression activated NF-κB via upregulating its expression and simultaneously stimulating DNA binding activity. Upregulated NF-κB transcriptionally elevated a series of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12. Together, the current study utilized a CD14-overexpressing gastric cell model to determine the impacts of CD14 upregulation on cell viability, apoptosis, and migration and NF-κB-mediated inflammation.

Acidity is a hallmark of malignant tumor, representing a very efficient mechanism of chemoresistance. Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) at high dosage have been shown to sensitize chemoresistant human tumor cells and tumors to cytotoxic molecules. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the efficacy of PPI in improving the clinical outcome of docetaxel + cisplatin regimen in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).Patients enrolled were randomly assigned to three arms: Arm A, docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) followed by cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) on d4, repeated every 21 days with a maximum of 6 cycles; Arm B, the same chemotherapy preceded by three days esomeprazole (ESOM) 80 mg p.o. bid, beginning on d1 repeated weekly. Weekly intermittent administration of ESOM (3 days on 4 days off) was maintained up to maximum 66 weeks; Arm C, the same as Arm B with the only difference being dose of ESOM at 100 mg p.o. bid. The primary endpoint was response rate.Ninety-four patients were randomly assigned and underwent at least one injection of chemotherapy. Response rates for arm A, B and C were 46.9, 71.0, and 64.5 %, respectively. Median TTP for arm A (n = 32), B (n = 31), C (n = 31) were 8.7, 9.4, and 9.7 months, respectively. A significant difference was observed between patients who had taken PPI and who not with ORR (67.7 % vs. 46.9 %, p = 0.049) and median TTP (9.7 months vs. 8.7 months, p = 0.045) [corrected]. Exploratory analysis showed that among 15 patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), this difference was bigger with median TTP of 10.7 and 5.8 months, respectively (p = 0.011). PPI combination showed a marked effect on OS as well, while with a borderline significance (29.9 vs. 19.2 months, p = 0.090). No additional toxicity was observed with PPI.The results of this pilot clinical trial showed that intermittent high dose PPI enhance the antitumor effects of chemotherapy in MBC patients without evidence of additional toxicity, which requires urgent validation in a multicenter, randomized, phase III trial.Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01069081 .

Background Whether PET scan maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) could differentiate luminal A from luminal B and help predict the survival of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients with luminal subtype is still unknown and need to be investigated. Methods 305 MBC patients with luminal subtypes were screened with PET/CT. Eligible patients were prospectively followed up. Results In total, 134 patients were eligible for this study. SUVmax was significantly related to the number of metastatic sites and presence of visceral metastasis on univariate analysis. SUVmax could not effectively differentiate patients with luminal A from luminal B subtype. Although luminal subtype at diagnosis could predict the relapse-free interval, it could not predict progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) after developing relapse. In contrast, SUVmax was predictive of both PFS and OS and this effect was maintained in multivariate COX regression model. Conclusions SUVmax of MBC did not correlate with molecular subtypes of primary tumor. While molecular subtype may be a valuable prognostic factor at primary diagnosis of breast cancer, the SUVmax, rather than molecular subtype, does have a potential to predict independently in multivariate analysis for the PFS and OS in patients with metastatic disease of luminal subtype.