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Background: Lung cancer (LC) is currently the number one malignancy death rate disease in China, and its disease burden is serious. The study aimed to analyze trends of LC and its risk factor attributable disease in China from 1990 to 2019 and predict the next 41 years. Methods: The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to analyze the trend of LC and its risk factor attributable incidence, deaths, and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) rate in China from 1990 to 2019, collected in the Global Burden of Disease 2019. Cochran–Armitage trends examine trends in lung cancer disease burden by sex, age, and attributable risk factor groups in China from 1990 to 2019. In addition, based on data on death and DALYs rate due to LC and its risk factors between 1990 and 2019, an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was developed to predict the change in the trend of burden of disease due to LC and its risk factors over the next 41 years, and the model was evaluated using the model parameters root mean square error, mean absolute error, and mean absolute percentage error. Results: From 1990 to 2019, the incidence, mortality and DALYs of LC were all increased. Among the eight risk factors associated with lung cancer, the DALYs rate and mortality rate of lung cancer risk factors for Chinese residents increased from 1990 to 2019, except for household air pollution from solid fuels and diet low in fruit, which showed a decrease; among them, the DALYs rate and mortality rate due to ambient particulate matter pollution showed the greatest increase with AAPC values of 2.880 and 3.310, respectively, while DALYs and mortality rates due to household air pollution from solid fuels showed the largest decreases, with AAPC values of −4.755 and −4.348, respectively. The results of the ARIMA model predictions show that both the mortality rate and the rate of DALYs for lung cancer are increasing yearly, and it is predicted that the rate of DALYs for lung cancer by 2060 will reach 740.095/100 000 and the mortality rate will reach 35.151/100 000. It is expected that by 2060, the top four risk factors for lung cancer in China will be, in order of DALYs rate and mortality rate, smoking, ambient particulate matter pollution, high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG), and secondhand smoke, with HFPG showing the greatest increase. Conclusions: The LC burden increased from 1990 to 2019 in China, the LC burden that could be attributed to HFPG will continue to increase in the next 40 years, and will be the third most factor by 2060. Targeted interventions are warranted to facilitate the prevention of LC and improvement of health‐related quality of life patients with LC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two kinds of fluorides are proposed innovatively to modulate the dielectric property of the plasma by reducing the electron density. There is a maximum of 74.41% electron density reduction after the fluorides are injected into the plasma at a magnitude of 1019 m−3, and the corresponding plasma frequency reduction is 49.42%. The fluorides proposed in this paper exhibit a wider modulation range, a faster modulation speed, and a longer maintenance time compared with SF6. The electromagnetic (EM) wave transmission characteristics in plasma are modulated correspondingly. The attenuation of S21 is reduced by 15.11–20.11 dB in 6–18 GHz, and an enhancement in the whole experimental frequency range is observed compared with SF6. The results of the paper can be applied in the mitigation of reentry vehicle's EM wave attenuation induced by the over-dense plasma sheath covering the vehicle. In addition, it also has a potential in broad applications of EM wave and plasma interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanofibrous aerogels with excellent flexibility and compressibility, assembled from one-dimensional nanofibers, are attractive candidates for flexible thermal protection. However, achieving high mechanical stability of the three-dimensional network of nanofibers remains challenging owing to the weak interactions between the nanofibers. Herein, we report a new strategy of crosslinking nanofibers with two-dimensional lamellae for the construction of fatigue-resistant polyimide nanofibrous aerogels (PINAs) with temperature-invariant flexibility. The interaction between the nanofibers and the lamellae results in a self-assembled network with high nodal articulation and strong crosslinking between the nanofibers. The stable crosslinking structure between the nanofibers and lamellae also provides the PINAs with temperature-invariant flexibility (−196 °C to 300 °C), good mechanical properties and a high strain recovery rate of 97% (10 000 compression–release cycles at 75% strain). More significantly, when suffering from a large strain (≥95%), the PINAs can be repeatedly compressed for 100 cycles with little structural degradation, highlighting their good resilience. In addition, the resulting PINAs exhibit a low thermal conductivity of 26.4 mW m−1 K−1 at room temperature, which can be applied as flexible thermal insulators. These nanofibrous aerogels with a nanofiber–lamella crosslinking architecture may provide new insights into the development of ultralight aerogel materials with excellent resilience and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To investigate the effect of curcumin on the viability and apoptosis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive cervical cancer cells via down-regulating the expression of adenovirus E1A-associated 300 kD protein (P300). METHODS: HeLa cells in logarithmic phase were divided into four experimental groups (20, 40, 60 and 80 μmol/L Cur treatment groups), and the untreated group was used as control. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytome-try, and the expression of E6 gene was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. Silencing plasmid (shE6) and negative control shRNA (shNC) were constructed and transfected into HeLa cells,the cells were randomly divided into four groups including shNC, shNC+Cur (40 μmol/L, shE6 and shE6+Cur (40 μmol/L). The cell viability, apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by CCK-8, flow cytometry and Western blot, respectively. Then silencing plasmid (siP300) and negative control siRNA (siNC) were constructed and transfected into HeLa cells. The mRNA and protein expression of P300 was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. The protein expression of E6 and P300 and histone was detected by Western blot after treated with 20 and 40 μmol/L curcumin. RESULTS: Compared with the untreated group, the HeLa cells treated with different concentrations of curcumin could significantly inhibit the viability and increase the early apoptosis rate (P<0. 05). The results showed that the mRNA and protein expression of E6 were down-regulated in HeLa cells after treated with different concentration curcumin, while the early apoptosis and the expression of pro-apop- tosis-related proteins in the shE6 group were lower than those in the non-knockdown group after treated with 40 μmol/L curcumin (P<0. 05). And the expression of E6 protein was decreased after knockdown of P300, while the expression of P300 and histone was down-regulated after treatment with 20 and 40 μmol/L curcumin. CONCLUSION: Curcumin can inhibit the viability and promote the apoptosis of HPV18 positive cervical cancer cells, and the mechanism may be that it can inhibit E6 acetylation by down-regulating P300 expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integrative design of scattering and radiation characteristics of antennas is of great practical significance for modern wireless communication. In this work, from the perspective of separate and cooperative modes, we comprehensively discussed the possibility of simultaneously and harmoniously implementing scattering suppression and radiation enhancement for an electrically small antenna by subwavelength plasmas. For the separate mode where the two functions are decoupled based on a two-layer structure, it is shown that an overdense–underdense core–shell density profile is preferred to achieve the optimal synergism between radiation enhancement and plasmonic-cloaking-induced invisibility, where the angular frequency of detecting waves (ωd) is supposed to be lower than that of communication signals (ωc). For the cooperative mode where the two functions are coupled within one plasma shell, the collaborative strategies between plasmonic-cloaking/Fano-resonance-induced invisibility and radiation enhancement are analyzed. The results show that the plasmonic-cloaking type requires ωd > ωc, while for the Fano-resonance type, ωd is larger/less than ωc when radiation enhancement is dominated by the symmetrically/asymmetrically coupled plasmon modes. Also, we provided clearer perspectives to distinguish the physical differences between plasmonic-cloaking and Fano-resonance-induced invisibility and between radiation enhancement underlying the two modes. Our results provide promising solutions for designing next-generation plasma-based tunable and intelligent stealth antennas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The enhancement of scientific research capabilities among museum personnel—personnel is a crucial aspect in driving the advancement of museums. However, it is observed that museum personnel in Chinese mainland, particularly the younger ones, have not demonstrated sufficient engagement in this regard. The objective of this paper is to investigate the underlying causes of this phenomena. This study employs in-depth interviews with a sample of 10 young museum personnel. The methodology is guided by Weiner's Cognitive (attribution)-emotion-action model (CEAM) of motivation framework. The findings indicate that there are 14 elements that influence the motivation of museum personnel to engage in scientific research. These characteristics are associated with three aspects of attribution, namely Locus, Stability, and Controllability. Especially, the "external-stable-uncontrollable" and "external-unstable-uncontrollable" two attribution will serve as a catalyst for museums to enhance their efforts in optimizing the research willingness of their professionals, so facilitating the provision of sustained and immediate support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)/polypyrrole nanotube (PPyNT)/triiron tetraoxide (Fe3O4) composites with a sword‐sheath structure are added to a UV‐curable resin to form a unique highly microwave‐absorbing material with a low absorbent content. Specifically tailored for high‐precision stereolithography three‐dimensional (3D) printers, the low absorbent content ensures an efficient curing and molding of the photosensitive resin. The conducting polymer polypyrrole is coated on the MWCNTs via free‐radical polymerization, forming a sheath structure. The initiator of the free‐radical polymerization, FeCl3, is converted into Fe3O4 and loaded onto the sheath structure. This ternary composite material is uniformly dispersed in the photosensitive resin with interconnected sword‐sheath structures, ensuring a favorable dielectric loss performance even at a low absorbent content. Importantly, the material exhibits both dielectric loss and magnetic loss properties. Using a UV‐cured microwave‐absorbing material with an absorbent content of 0.5 wt%, an electromagnetic loss of −22.5 dB can be achieved with a thickness of 1 mm. This UV‐cured microwave‐absorbing material facilitates the high‐precision 3D printing of microwave structures with various intricate shapes, broadening the application scope of microwave‐absorbing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]