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Multimedia content has become widespread in network traffic. The high volume of data and flexibility must be addressed to guarantee the quality of experience (QoE) in large-scale adaptive video streaming services. Despite the abundance of recently proposed strategies, most concentrate on improving different aspects of performance over user fairness and initiation. We propose Dynamic Pricing with Traffic Engineering (DPTE), a prototype that generates traffic distribution using a market-driven model. In DPTE, users specify required rates, and a price module gives the current value based on observation of the states of servers as well as networks. DPTE periodically runs a heuristic algorithm that selects the path with the appropriate pricing to guarantee the service based on the software-defined content delivery networking (SDCDN) platform. As a result, DPTE not only relies on pricing to reflect the objective properties from the performance perspective but also utilizes pricing rules to influence the choice of users. Evaluation results on Youtube data show that DPTE outperforms competitive pricing rules in most cases, including path utility, user satisfaction and revenue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To systematically study multi-stage countercurrent process for Antarctic krill protein extracting and to optimize the multi-stage countercurrent technology, the solubility of Antarctic krill proteins after multi-step dissolution was explored firstly; multi-step extraction was investigated; and then multi-stage countercurrent system for protein extraction was carried out. In single step extraction, krill-to-water ratio and pH were chosen as 1:10 and 12.5 respectively, in order to extract more protein. In the multi-step dissolution process, the protein solubility of aqueous solution at pH 12.5 was 33.0 ± 0.8 mg/mL. Multi-step cross-flow processing testified the feasibility of multi-stage countercurrent assumption. Three-stage countercurrent method using krill-to-water ratio 1:10 extracted, 95.1 ± 0.6% protein from krill, where almost the same water as previous works. The total recovery yield of 67.9 ± 1.6% was achieved after precipitation at pH 4.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quinoa protein-based emulsion gels, filled with four types of oil phase loading of curcumin, were successfully fabricated using an acid-induced method, and their gel properties, digestive behavior and curcumin bioaccessibility were investigated. CLSM images revealed that emulsion gels prepared from LCT oil (corn oil and olive oil) exhibited compact structures with smaller oil droplets distributed in the gel matrix than those prepared from MCT and SCT. The rheological and textural analysis showed that the gel properties including apparent viscosity, firmness, hardness, and water holding capacity reduced as the sequence of LCT > MCT > SCT, which may be attributed to their gel microstructures. All the gels exhibited a good loading ability for curcumin, but the LCT oil droplet filled gels provided the best protection effect on curcumin against ultraviolet light. The initial digestion rate showed a decreasing trend as SCT > MCT > LCT, while final digestion extent reduced in a sequence of MCT > SCT > LCT, indicating a controlled released properties of LCT oil droplets filled gels. The bioaccessibility of curcumin followed a decreasing trend of MCT > LCT > SCT, suggesting that MCT and LCT may be more suitable for curcumin delivery. Our findings revealed the potentials of using adaptive oil to fabricate quinoa protein emulsion gels in protecting and delivering lipophilic bioactive components for improving their bioaccessibility in food products. [Display omitted] • QP stabilized emulsion gels filled with SCT, MCT or LCT droplets were successfully prepared. • The gelation property is closely related to the chain length and saturation of the oil phase. • LCT filled gels provided the best protection effect on curcumin against UV radiation. • The bioaccessibility of curcumin decreased in the order MCT > LCT > SCT. • LCT oil filled gel showed a controlled release effect on curcumin in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Software-defined networking, in which a network is programmable and controlled with soft computing techniques, is widely used in various network testbeds. To satisfy the demands of large networks, control planes are constructed with distributed controllers, which are a routine aspect of OpenFlow research. Distributed controllers are scalable and fault tolerant; thus, they can replace centralized controllers in large-scale networks. In the foreseeable future, there will emerge more applications based on soft computing techniques. Because there is scant research on application management, a distributed controller with a role-based mechanism for properly managing applications and their states based on their properties has yet to be developed. Thus, in this study, we propose a systematic approach for classifying applications according to their roles to dynamically deploy applications and their states. Both applications and their states are managed based on their properties, including CPU, memory and network bandwidth. This intelligent mechanism, which computes the overhead of applications, provides a compromise between storage and bandwidth usage in OpenFlow distributed controllers. We propose a hierarchical system to differentiate applications and design a controller module for dynamically determining the status of an application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data center networks (DCNs), which serve as the infrastructural backbone of big data, have been receiving increasing attention recently. To improve the service quality of data centers, researchers have been working on congestion control, network monitoring, and performance optimization. However, most such works focus on user-centric service quality, which means that the quality of network service itself is not factored into the quality of service (QoS) problem. In this study, we illustrate the problem of data center operations and management as a new type of QoS that is the foundation of user-centric QoS implementation. Inspired by traditional works on network performance optimization, we define the quality of network service in a software-defined networking (SDN)-based DCN and develop a framework called Horizon as the architecture of our QoS solution. This framework comprises a Markov-process-based method to predict link popularity, and we use SDN technology to monitor network status. We implement the proposed method, and the experimental results indicate that Horizon can relieve congestion in DCNs to meet QoS requirements. The experimental results show that our approach has a similar performance to the optimal solution. When compared with the ECMP approach, our approach has a much lower latency. The results also show that the proposed approach is effective in terms of network congestion control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The paper was to investigate the resistance of Tribolium castaneum to phosphine in Hainan Province. [Method] Using the measurement method of phosphine resistance of stored grain pests recommended by FAO, the phosphine resistance of eight strains of T. castaneum, adults in Hainan Province was determined. [Result] The resistance coefficients of different strains of T. castaneum against phosphine ranged from 612 to 1 045, and all strains reached extremely high resistance level (Rf > 160). When the concentration of phosphine was 200 mL/m³, ff/612, ff/826.4 and Rfl 045 strains had complete lethal time of 8, 9 and 11 d, respectively. [Conclusion] T. castaneum in Hainan Province had very strong resistance to phosphine, and the operation scheme of low concentration and long duration should be adopted in elimination of T. castaneum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-source heterogeneous information fusion in the Internet of Things (IoT) is a type of information processing that attempts to provide a comprehensive, timely and accurate perception and feedback relative to physical things. Traditional multi-sensor data fusion can deal with the same type of data effectively. However, as new characteristics emerge in the IoT, interoperable service-oriented technologies are required to share real-world data among heterogeneous devices to integrate and fuse the multi-source heterogeneous IoT data. To address these issues, an architecture that can provide guidance for the development of IoT information fusion is required. We compare features of IoT data and information with an existing wireless sensor network and the Internet, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the first comparison of this kind. Then, we design a framework for multi-source heterogeneous information fusion in the IoT and use an experimental simulation platform to build an environmental monitoring system to assess the framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structure break was found in shearing process of static prepared low-sugar apple jam, which is a thixotropic and shear-thinning fluid. In order to investigated this jam, a new nonlinear regression method of Herschel-Bulkley (H-B) model without measuring yield stress was set up using R2 as optimizing criterion, and compared with Casson model. Dynamic yield stress was calculated using the regression of downward curve. Casson model was found fit in high shear rate (in one case, R2 0.9986, still lower than H-B model, 0.9997). Break stress (from 113 to 497 Pa) could be largely increased by soluble solid concentration rising, and dynamic yield stress of H-B model changed from 0.004 to 20.75 Pa, mainly depending on sugar and soluble solid concentration. Consistency index (24.50-102.3 Pa·s n) was increased with adding soluble solid and decreased with adding sugar. Flow behavior index (0.229-0.363) was increased evidently with adding pectin and sugar. Practical Applications The low-sugar jams are more nutrition-reasonable since they generally provide fewer calories, now short of deep research. Rheological properties are of great significance for processed food fluids. Traditional steady-state test was applied widely in rheologic study of food fluids. However, information under flow curves could not be explored in detail because definition of yield stress was confused for a long time and the most common model of fluid, Herschel-Bulkley model, lacked suitable regression method. Additionally, upward curve was often ignored. In this work, a new simple nonlinear regression of Herschel-Bulkley model was set up without measuring yield stress investigated. Then the influences of ingredients on rheologic properties of low-sugar apple jam could be investigated in detail. It is expected that the new method and observation would be applied by other rheologic researchers, and it is useful for finding relationships between mouth feel and indexes of Herschel-Bulkley model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We performed a prospective study to investigate the efficacy and safety of triple therapy with aprepitant, ondansetron, and prednisone in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients receiving R-CEOP or CEOP chemotherapy regimen. All patients were randomly assigned to either an aprepitant regimen (aprepitant plus ondansetron and prednisone), or a control regimen (ondansetron and prednisone) treatment group. For the complete response, the aprepitant group was statistically superior to the control group in the overall study period (76.5% vs. 56.0%;p = .03), as well as in separate analyses of the acute phase (92.2% vs. 78.0%;p = .045), and even more notably in the delayed phase (82.4% vs. 64.0%;p = .037). The overall incidence of adverse events was similar between the two treatment groups (p > .05). The aprepitant regimen was more effective than the control regimen for the prevention of CINV in patients receiving R-CEOP or CEOP regimen and was generally well tolerated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we categorize and summarize recent advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) to complement existing IoT survey papers that have not covered its very latest developments. We do this from the three perspectives: information fusion in the IoT, service-oriented IoT, and cloud-centric IoT. These three aspects are largely missing in current literature. This survey contributes to better understanding of the challenges posed by the existing IoT and its likely future developments. The IoT is in the early stages of development. Challenges for future development include network scalability, a continuously produced data stream, and methods for handling heterogeneous data. This review provides insight regarding the three aforementioned aspects. In addition, we briefly summarize the existing literature with explicit references to the corresponding survey papers, thus, providing a panoramic view of the IoT without repeating what is already available in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]