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After nearly 20 years of exploration, the western uplift belt of the JB block is now at a high exploration level, and the buried hill has become another new exploration area besides lithologic traps. On the basis of the results of well logging of 17 wells, core of 6 wells and logging interpretation of 17 wells, the differences in the vertical texture features of the basement reservoir are fully considered. According to the differences of logging and seismic response characteristics of 500 km2 between weathered zone and the fractured zone, the colored inversion technique and spectral imaging technique combined with seismic attribute technology are used to predict the plane distribution of porous reservoir in weathered crust. The pre-stack elastic wave impedance inversion technique is preferred for oil-gas-bearing detection evaluation. The results show that the lithology of the B paleo-uplift is granite, and that of the P paleo-uplift is phyllite. The vertical zoning of the buried hill reservoir is obvious, which can be divided into weathered crust zone, fractured zone and tight zone from top to bottom. From the top of the weatheredzone to the fractured zone, the porosity becomes smaller gradually, and distributes in the shape of the discontinuous strips laterally. The planar distribution of the pore-type reservoirs in the weathered zone is obviously controlled by the paleo-structure, and is in the shape of strips and flakiness with obvious zoning characteristics. The porous reservoir is relatively developed onthe crest of the paleo-structure, and the weathered crust reservoir quality of B uplift is superior to that of the P uplifts. Hydrocarbon mainly distributes in the high parts of the two paleo-structures in the shape of strip and flakiness. The results provide a scientific basis for the follow-up drilling decision-making.

Recently, air pollution has been substantially decreased in China, including particulate matter (PM) pollution in Beijing. However, PM pollution still has a great impact on human health, as stated in several epidemiological studies. In this paper, we used a generalized additive model (GAM) to evaluate the associations between PM2.5 and cardiovascular diseases from 2009 to 2012 in the Beijing metropolitan area. In GAM, we controlled the confounding factors, such as day of the week and long-term trends. We used the number of daily hospital emergency room (ER) visits to represent the incidence of the studied diseases. We divided the entire study group by gender (i.e., male and female) and age (i.e., 15–60 yr, 60–75 yr, and ≥75 yr). The results showed strong links were observed between increase in PM2.5 concentration and the number of hospital ER visits for cardiovascular diseases. For each interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5, the relative risks (RRs) of the incidence of ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia, high blood pressure, and cerebrovascular disease were 1.023 (95% CI: 1.007–1.040), 1.019 (95% CI: 0.992–1.047), 1.082 (95% CI: 0.985–1.188), 0.976 (95%CI: 0.957–0.996), and 1.038 (95% CI: 1.005–1.072), respectively. Overall, the short-term impact of PM2.5 on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases was the strongest for the 60–75 yr subgroup. For the two different gender subgroups, the short-term impact of PM2.5 on ischemic heart disease and high blood pressure was relatively stronger for the females than for the males, while the opposite was true for arrhythmia and cerebrovascular disease.

To observe the clinical therapeutic effects of acupuncture at single point Shiqizhui (EX-B8) and multi-points in time-varying treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.600 patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly assigned to the single point group (n=200) including group A (treating before the menstruation, n=100) and group B (immediately treating as soon as pain occurrence, n=100), the multi-points group (n=200) including group C (treating before the menstruation, n=100) and group D (immediately treating as soon as pain occurrence, n=100), or the control group, group E (n=200, no treatment). The therapeutic effects were analyzed after treatment for three menstrual cycles and interviewed for three follow-up periods.Acupuncture could effectively relieve menstrual pain for primary dysmenorrhea compared with the control group (P0.05, P0.01). Immediate pain relief occurred following acupuncture within 5 min in group B (P0.01) and group D (P0.01), and the two groups obviously relieved menstrual pain for VAS scores. Both group A and group C obviously relieved menstrual pain (P0.01), and group C was better than group A (P0.05). Compared with group D, Group C was much better for CMSS scores in cycle 1.Treating before the menstruation is better than immediately treating as soon as pain occurrence at the improvement in symptoms of dysmenorrheal at multi-points. And single point is better than multi-points when immediately treating as soon as pain occurrence. The present trial suggest Shiqizhui (EX-B8) should be chosen as a convenient point.

Ambient air pollution has been a major global public health issue. A number of studies have shown various adverse effects of ambient air pollution on cardiovascular diseases. In the current study, we investigated the short-term effects of ambient air pollution on emergency room (ER) admissions due to cardiovascular causes in Beijing from 2009 to 2012 using a time-series analysis. A total of 82430 ER cardiovascular admissions were recorded. Different gender (male and female) and age groups (15yrs ≤ age 2 , NO 2 and PM 10 ) had lag effects of 0–2 days on cardiovascular ER admissions. The relative risks (95% CI) of per 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 10 , SO 2 and NO 2 were 1.008 (0.997–1.020), 1.008(0.999–1.018) and 1.014(1.003–1.024), respectively. The effect was more pronounced in age ≥65 and males in Beijing. We also found the stronger acute effects on the elderly and females at lag 0 than on the younger people and males at lag 2.

Controlling the confounding factors on cardiovascular diseases, such as long-time trend, calendar effect, and meteorological factors, a generalized additive model (GAM) was used to investigate the short-term effects of air pollutants (PM10, SO2, and NO2) on daily cardiovascular admissions from March 1st to May 31st during 2007 to 2011 in Lanzhou, a heavily polluted city in western China. The influences of air pollutants were examined with different lag structures, and the potential effect modification by dust storm in spring was also investigated. Significant associations were found between air pollutants and hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases both on dust event days and non-dust event days in spring. Air pollutants had lag effects on different age and gender groups. Relative risks (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with a 10 μg/m3 increase were 1.14 (1.04~1.26) on lag1 for PM10, 1.31 (1.21~1.51) on lag01 for SO2, and 1.96 (1.49~2.57) on lag02 for NO2 on dust days. Stronger effects of air pollutants were observed for females and the elderly (≥60 years). Our analysis concluded that the effects of air pollutants on cardiovascular admissions on dust days were significantly stronger than non-dust days. The current study strengthens the evidence of effects of air pollution on health and dust-exacerbated cardiovascular admissions in Lanzhou.

In order to improve the clinical efficacy of the umbilicus fumigation method, the ancient literature with the heat control of umbilicus fumigation method involved is collected extensively and analyzed systematically, and the heat control, precautions and contraindications of this method are discussed. In association with the cases and the present clinical experience, the main factors to the heat control are introduced, such as preparation of doughnuts, filling quantity, size of moxa cone and numbers of moxa cones so that the clinical application of the umbilicus fumigation method can be promoted and enhanced.

The objective of this study was to compare immediate effect of acupuncture at SP6 on uterine arterial blood flow in primary dysmenorrhea with that of GB39.This was a prospective, randomized clinical trial.Sixty-six (66) patients with primary dysmenorrhea from the Affiliated Hospital of Shangdong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were recruited.The SP6 group (n =32) was treated with manual acupuncture at bilateral SP6 for 5 minutes after obtaining needling sensation (de qi) during the period of menstrual pain, whereas the control group (n = 34) was needled at GB39 of both sides for 5 minutes when they suffered menstrual pain.Differences in pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and ratio of systolic peak and diastolic peak (A/B) in uterine arteries were the main outcome measures.Highly significant reductions were observed in the SP6 treatment group 5 minutes after treatment in menstrual pain scores (8.17 ± 1.90 versus 11.20 ± 2.66; p0.001), values of PI (1.75 ± 0.48 versus 2.32 ± 0.70; p0.001), RI (0.72 ± 0.11 versus 0.78 ± 0.07; p0.001), and A/B (4.33 ± 1.37 versus 5.23 ± 1.67; p0.001). Compared with the GB39 control group, patients in the SP6 treatment group showed significant reductions in 5 minutes after treatment in the changes of menstrual pain scores (3.03 ± 2.36 versus 0.00 ± 0.29; p0.001), values of PI (0.57 ± 0.42 versus -0.10 ± 0.58; p0.001), RI (0.06 ± 0.08 versus -0.03 ± 0.15; p0.01), and A/B (0.90 ± 0.87 versus 0.23 ± 1.02; p0.01). There were no significant changes in menstrual pain scores, values of PI, RI, or A/B before and after treatment in the GB39 control group (p0.05). No adverse events from treatment were reported.This study suggests that needling at SP6 can immediately improve uterine arterial blood flow of patients with primary dysmenorrhea, while GB39 does not have these effects.

Lanzhou is one of the most air-polluted cities in China and in the world, and its primary air pollutant is particulate matter (PM). Different size particulate matter (TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0) have different sources and affect the environment and human health differently, so it is very important to study the pollutant characteristics of different particles in order to deeply understand the pollution situation of Lanzhou city and establish reasonable preventive countermeasures. TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 concentrations were simultaneously measured in Lanzhou to detect the annual and diurnal variations of concentrations of PM with different sizes and possible causes. The main results are as follows: (1) The annual distribution of monthly average concentrations for coarse particles (TSP and PM10) is bimodal with the highest peak in April, which is different from the situation in other cities not affected by sand-dust events. However, the annual distribution for fine particles (PM2.5 and PM1.0) is unimodal with the peak in December. This difference between coarse and fine particles indicates that sand-dust events in spring carry much more coarse than fine particles to Lanzhou. This result is supported by the correlation between springtime wind speed and concentrations of PM with different sizes. (2) Under normal conditions (without dust intrusions), the diurnal distribution of coarse particle concentration in Lanzhou is bimodal. However, the distribution is trimodal during dust intrusions in April, with an extra peak in the afternoon. (3) In general, the highest concentration peaks of the diurnal variations for TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 occur at about the same time. However, there are obvious differences in the occurrence time of the minimum concentrations among different kinds of PM. The differences in the occurrence time of minima between coarse and fine particles are due to their different diffusion behaviors in the atmospheric boundary layer.

At present, researches on climate change of the Heihe River basin mainly focus on the relationship between basin climate change and regional water resources, regional desertification and dynamic climatic seasons of sandstorm, but less on climate change of oasis region, where there are more intense and frequent human activities. Based on data of precipitation, temperature, strong wind and dust events frequencies obtained from the six meteorological stations of Zhangye region in Heihe River basin, the features of climate change during 1968–2005 were carefully studied. Results show that the regional temperature rise rate exceeded the average level of China. The annual precipitation changed a little, but the precipitation had a slowly increasing trend in spring and winter. Frequencies of strong wind and sandstorm days show obviously descending trends, which had a close correlation with the regional temperature rise and the precipitation increase in spring and winter. Meanwhile, further human economic activities and exploitations to the oasis in the inland valley of arid regions also affected the climate change of this region, which has a sensitive and fragile eco-environment.

Soil moisture content is one of the most important parameters as input conditions in forecasting model systems of dust storm, but it can not be directly obtained from daily routine weather report. In this paper, a scheme is developed to calculate the surface soil moisture content in China by using both precipitation and evaporation. Precipitation is directly from routine weather report, while evaporation is indirectly calculated by using meteorological elements which are also from routine weather report. According to the formula by Penman, evaporation can be considered as a linear composition of dynamic evaporation and thermodynamic evaporation caused by radiation. First, an equation for calculating daily global radiation within China is given by using regression analysis and the data of global radiation and cloud cover from 116 meteorological stations in China. Then, an equation for calculating evaporation within China is given by using regression analysis and the data of cloud cover, air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, and wind velocity from 701 meteorological stations. Finally, a scheme for calculating soil moisture content within China is established by using regression analysis and the soil moisture content, precipitation, and evaporation at 79 agro-meteorological stations. Validation results show that the forecasting accuracy of the Chinese dust numerical model can be improved by using this scheme.

Anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) is an abundant fish species in the Yellow Sea, and its natural stock is decreasing rapidly in recent years. Based on the stock-recruitment (SR) data from 1987 to 2002 published in Zhao et al. (2003), the criterion BIC (Baycsian Information Criterion) is applied to selecting a suitable model from six normal and lognormal crror structured SR statistical models, the age-structured model is used to calculate the biological reference points (BRPs), and the precision of the SR parameters and BRPs are calculated using bootstrap method. The results indicate that the anchovy fishery resource in the Yellow Sea is in an over-fished state. The precaution management principle requires that the fishery should be closed immediately.

The hypoxic environment around the fracture site develops post the blood flow disruption and leads to osteoblast cell death and further impairs fracture healing. Hypoxia usually leads to the mitochondrial dysfunction and then results in apoptotic cell death. AMPK is ubiquitously expressed and functions as an intracellular fuel sensor by maintaining energy balance, as is potentially activated by hypoxia, ischemia, and ROS, however, the regulatory role of AMPK in hypoxia-induced apoptosis in osteoblasts and in the fracture healing has not been identified. In present study, we firstly determined the apoptosis induction by hypoxia in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells via examining the apoptotic cells and the activation of apoptosis-related molecules, then investigated the activation of AMPK signaling by hypoxia via analyzing the phosphorylation of AMPKα and ACC1, finally we explored the association of the AMPK activation with the hypoxia-induced apoptosis using loss-of-function strategy. Results demonstrated that hypoxia induced apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells and activated the AMPK signaling. And the knockdown of AMPK via chemical treatment or RNA interfering significantly decreased the hypoxia-induced apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells. Taken together, present study unveiled the regulatory role of AMPK signaling in the hypoxia-induced osteoblast apoptosis.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common comorbidity and a major cause of mortality in CKD population. While CVD-related mortality is relatively uncommon in young population, it accounts for most deaths in young CKD adults. There are numerous risk factors for CVD in CKD patients including conventional (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia) and nonconventional (oxidative stress, inflammation, anemia, mineral metabolism disorder) factors. Recent studies have placed great emphasis on the association of arterial stiffness (AS) and CVD. AS is traditionally known as an aging marker of the artery; however, increased AS is observed in young and even in pediatric CKD patients; it is also shown that AS progresses in consistent with kidney function decline. Unparallel AS in young CKD population and excessive risk of CVD in young CKD adults show an indication that AS probably offers one of the underlying mechanisms for linking CKD and CVD. AS in CKD patients has multifactorial causes. Comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and mineral metabolism disorder which are risk factors for CVD also show great contribution to AS in CKD patients. Increased systolic blood pressure and decreased diastolic blood pressure resulting from AS cause elevated ventricular afterload, lead to impaired coronary perfusion, myocardial ischemia, and ventricular hypertrophy, and consequently develop into CVD event. In this review, we summarized the role of AS in CKD and CVD, aiming to explore the linkage of AS between CKD and CVD.

Aluminum (Al) has long been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dietary polyphenols have been strongly associated with reduced risk of AD and the other nervous diseases. We aimed to evaluate the preventive effect of the apple polyphenol extract (APE) on Al-induced biotoxicity, in order to provide a new focus on the design of strategies to prevent AD and the other human diseases related to Al overload. Control, Al-treated (171.8 mg Al kg−1 day−1 10 weeks), APE + Al (Al-treatment as previously plus 200 mg kg−1 day−1 10 weeks), and group of APE per se were used. Al intake caused memory impairment, significant decrease of acetylcholinesterase, CK, SOD, CAT activity and the rate of ATP synthesis, increase the Al content, the level of malondialdehyde and β-amyloid42. Administration of APE significantly improved memory retention, attenuated oxidative damage, acetylcholinesterase activity and Al level in Al treated rats. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid (ChA) was used for analyzing stability of polyphenols-Al3+ complex. Log K1 was 10.51, and the mole ratio of Al3+ to ligand was 1:1. We further found that the amounts of Al increased significantly in feces of the rats gavaged with AlCl3 plus ChA compared with AlCl3. Our finding has shown APE has neuroprotective effects against Al-induced biotoxicity. Chelating with Al and disturbing its absorption could account for the neuroprotective roles of dietary polyphenols against Al toxicity.

Objectives Systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) of nursing interventions have become increasingly popular in China. This review provides the first examination of epidemiological characteristics of these SRs as well as compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses and Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews guidelines. The purpose of this study was to examine epidemiologic and reporting characteristics as well as the methodologic quality of SRs and MAs of nursing interventions published in Chinese journals. Methods Four Chinese databases were searched (the Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Full-text Database, Chinese Journal Full-text Database, and Wanfang Database) for SRs and MAs of nursing intervention from inception through June 2013. Data were extracted into Excel (Microsoft, Redmond, WA). The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses checklists were used to assess methodologic quality and reporting characteristics, respectively. Results A total of 144 SRs were identified, most (97.2%) of which used “systematic review” or “meta-analyses” in the titles. None of the reviews had been updated. Nearly half (41%) were written by nurses, and more than half (61%) were reported in specialist journals. The most common conditions studied were endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, and neoplasms. Most (70.8%) reported information about quality assessment, whereas less than half (25%) reported assessing for publication bias. None of the reviews reported a conflict of interest. Conclusions Although many SRs of nursing interventions have been published in Chinese journals, the quality of these reviews is of concern. As a potential key source of information for nurses and nursing administrators, not only were many of these reviews incomplete in the information they provided, but also some results were misleading. Improving the quality of SRs of nursing interventions conducted and published by nurses in China is urgently needed in order to increase the value of these studies.

Recent data have shown that the purinergic receptor P2X4 plays key roles in inflammatory responses. We evaluated whether P2X4 inhibition could affect the development of arthritis and autoimmunity in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model. P2X4 antisense oligonucleotide (asODN) was injected intravenously via tail vein into the CIA mice to selectively inhibit P2X4 expression daily for 14 days. P2X4 asODN treatment reduced the clinical score of CIA in mice. P2X4 asODN also decreased the levels of serum IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17. P2X4 asODN treatment significantly inhibited synovial inflammation and joint destruction. P2X4 asODN treatment also suppressed the NLR family, pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome activation in CIA mice and synovial cells of human rheumatoid arthritis. These data show that P2X4 asODN confers a therapeutic benefit on CIA. Inhibition of the NLRP1 inflammasome signaling pathway is the underlying mechanism of action.

Objective. To explore the efficacy of Herb-partitioned moxibustion in treating IBS-D patients.Method. 210 IBS-D patients were randomly assigned on a3:3:2basis to group HM, group FM, or group PB for 4-week treatment. The change of GSRS total score at weeks 4 and 8, the changes of GSRS specific scores, and adverse events were evaluated.Results. Patients in group HM and group FM had lower GSRS total score at week 4 (1.98±0.303,2.93±0.302versus3.73±0.449) and at week 8 (2.75±0.306,3.56±0.329versus4.39±2.48) as compared with patients’ score in group PB. However, there was no significant difference of GSRS total score between group HM and group FM. The effect of HM was significantly greater than that of orally taking PB in ameliorating the symptoms of rugitus (0.38 versus 0.59,P<0.05), abdominal pain (0.28 versus 0.57,P<0.01), abdominal distension (0.4 versus 0.7,P<0.01), and increased passage of stools (0.06 versus 0.25,P<0.01) at the end of treatment period. In the follow-up period, patients’ therapeutic effect in group HM remained greater than that in group FM (in abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and increased passage of stools) and that in group PB (in loose stools).Conclusions. HM appears to be a promising, efficacious, and well-tolerated treatment for patients with IBS-D.

Background: Air pollution has become a major global public health problem. A number of studies have confirmed the association between air pollutants and emergency room (ER) visits for respiratory diseases in developed countries and some Asian countries, but little evidence has been seen in Western China. This study aims to concentrate on this region. Methods: A time-series analysis was used to examine the specific effects of major air pollutants (PM10, SO2 and NO2) on ER visits for respiratory diseases from 2007 to 2011 in the severely polluted city of Lanzhou. We examined the effects of air pollutants for stratified groups by age and gender, accounting for the modifying effect of dust storms in spring to test the possible interaction. Results: Significant associations were found between outdoor air pollution concentrations and respiratory diseases, as expressed by daily ER visits in Lanzhou in the spring dust season. The association between air pollution and ER visits appeared to be more evident on dust days than non-dust days. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs per 10 µg/m3 increase in 3-day PM10 (L3), 5-day SO2 (L5), and the average of current and previous 2-day NO2 (L01) were 1.140 (1.071–1.214), 1.080 (0.967–1.205), and 1.298 (1.158–1.454), respectively, on dust days. More significant associations between PM10, SO2 and NO2 and ER visits were found on dust days for elderly females, elderly males and adult males, respectively. Conclusions: This study strengthens the evidence of dust-exacerbated ER visits for respiratory diseases in Lanzhou.

To analyze feeding status of children under 2 years old in the poor rural areas of western China in 2009.The study subjects were 2933 from the program of 'Study on appropriate technology of children under-nutrition improvement in poor rural areas'.In 2009, the rate of almost exclusive breast-feeding of children under 6 months in poor rural areas of western China was 38.3%, the time of giving complementary food was the 5th month and the weaning time was the 10th month.The study demonstrated that it is unreasonable of feeding status in poor rural areas of western China.

BackgroundFerric sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaFeEDTA) enhances iron absorption in the presence of phytate. However, the amount of NaFeEDTA that would have to be added to a complementary food to provide the necessary intake of iron for an infant or young child if NaFeEDTA were the sole iron fortificant exceeds the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of EDTA for this age group. EDTA increases iron absorption at a molar ratio EDTA:iron of less than 1:1.ObjectiveTo determine whether iron absorption is enhanced with a mixture of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) and NaFeEDTA.MethodsTwo studies with a crossover design were conducted in separate groups of 14 and 15 children aged 24 to 31 months. A complementary food consisting of millet porridge with cabbage, tofu, and pork-filled wheat flour dumplings was fortified with 2 mg iron as either FeSO4or NaFeEDTA (study 1) or 4 mg iron as FeSO4or a mixture of 2 mg each of FeSO4 and NaFeEDTA (study 2). Iron absorption was determined based on erythrocyte incorporation of stable iron isotopes.ResultsIn study 1, the geometric mean (± SD) iron absorption was 8.0% (3.1, 20.8) and 9.2% (3.1, 27.0) from food fortified with FeSO4and NaFeEDTA, respectively. In study 2, iron absorption was significantly higher from food fortified with 4 mg iron as 1:1 mixture of FeSO4/NaFeEDTA than from food fortified with FeSO4; the geometric mean iron absorption was 6.4% (3.0, 13.5) and 4.1% (1.9, 8.9), respectively.ConclusionsThe enhancing effect of EDTA on iron absorption is less strong in composite meals containing enhancers; nevertheless, the equal mixture of FeSO4and NaFeEDTA significantly enhanced iron absorption and can be a strategy to ensure adequate iron absorption from phytate-containing complementary foods.

To explore the relationship between adiposity and blood pressure (BP)of urban and rural residents in China.The data in the China Health and Nutrition survey (CHNS) in 2006 were utilized. Cross-sectional analysis was carried out on the relationship between blood pressure and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) among 6433 adult inhabitants aged 18-60 from 9 provinces of China. A multiple regression equation was used for the prediction of blood pressure with these indicators.The average SBP and DBP were increased linearly with the increase of BMI, WC, WHR and WHtR. A statistically significant linear association was found between each adiposity indicator and BP level in separate regression models controlled by age. The regression coefficients were higher in women than that in men. A gain of 0.77 in BMI, 2.43 cm in WC, 2.66% in WHR and 1.54% in WHtR for men and a gain of 0.75, 2.12 cm, 2.54% and 1.53% respectively for women would have a corresponding elevation of 1 mmHg in SBP. Multiple stepwise regression analyses showed that DBP was related with WHtR.There was a stable linear relationship between adiposity indicators and BP. WHtR not a good predicator of SBP and DBP in Chinese adults.

To study menstrual blood loss and iron nutritional status in female undergraduate students.Thirty female undergraduate students were selected by simple random sampling method, the general information were investigated by questionnaire. The menstrual blood was collected by weighing every pad before and after use, and the blood not collected in pads was estimated. Hemoglobin, serum free protoporphyrin and serum ferritin were measured by regular method. The relationship between menstrual blood loss and iron nutritional status was analyzed by bivariate correlation statistics.The average menstrual period was (4.5 +/- 1.4) days. The average menstrual blood loss was (59.3 +/- 25.1) g, in a range of 24 g to 110 g. The average content of serum ferritin, free protoporphyrin and hemoglobin was (25.13 +/- 14.33) ng/ml, (0.06 +/- 0.01) microg/ml and (131.61 +/- 9.76) g/L respectively. There were 22.58% of subjects in iron reduction period (serum ferritin12 ng/ml). The menstrual blood loss was negatively correlated with serum ferritin.The amount of menstrual blood loss among individual students was significantly different. No clinical anemia does not mean in a good iron nutritional status. Serum ferritin is a sensitive indicator for iron nutritional status.

This paper discusses the influence of meteorological conditions on the occurrence of bacillary dysentery in Lanzhou. Understanding the meteorological conditions that bring on outbreaks can provide a scientific basis for the implementation of preventive countermeasures and cures effective against bacillary dysentery. Here an analysis of 11,909 cases of bacillary dysentery in Lanzhou has been carried out. The correlation analysis was made for the disease numbers and meteorological factors. It was found that bacillary dysentery occurs throughout the whole year but has obvious seasonal characteristics. It occurs mainly in summer and autumn and the climax is in July and August. The disease incidences have a high rate of correlation with the monthly average temperature, the highest temperature, the lowest temperature, air pressure and rainfall. Correlation coefficients are all above 0.60 at 0.01 levels. The coefficient of air pressure and disease number is negative, while others are positive. Among the eight districts (counties), the highest incidence of bacillary dysentery was in Xigu district, 382.32/100,000. The lowest incidence was in Gaolan, 56.93/100,000. Bacillary dysentery is an epidemic affected by many factors, and meteorological factors are very important exogenous ones. Strengthening the management on the epidemic, reinforcing the power of health education, especially improving knowledge of sanitation and the prophylaxis of bacillary dysentery, changing sanitation habits, and ameliorating hygiene conditions are effective ways to reduce the onset of bacillary dysentery.