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AIM: To compare the objective optical quality of high myopic patients between SMILE and V4c ICL implantation.METHODS: This was a prospective control study. Thirty-eight patients underwent SMILE and thirty-two patients underwent V4c ICL implantation with high myopia were chosen for this study. Uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and refractive situation were evaluated preoperatively, at 1wk, 1mo, 3mo and 6mo postoperatively. The objective scattering index(OSI), strehl rate(SR)and modulation transfer function(MTF)cut off frequency were measured by the double-pass optical quality system at the same time.RESULTS: No significant difference of spherical equivalent(SE), UCVA and BCVA was found between SMILE group and V4c ICL implantation group at all time points. At 1wk and 1mo after operation, the OSI values of two groups were significantly higher than pre-operation(PPP>0.05).CONCLUSION: Both SMILE and V4c ICL implantation can obtain good visual acuity and objective optical quality.

Resveratrol (RES), a non-flavonoid polyphenol extracted from a wide variety of plants, exhibits neuroprotective activities against Parkinson's disease (PD). However, undesirable water solubility of RES reduces its oral bioavailability and demonstrates low efficacy in blood and brain, thus limiting its application. In present study, a nanocrystal formulation of RES (RES-NCs) was developed to enhance its oral bioavailability and delivery into brain for PD treatment. RES-NCs were fabricated with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) stabilizer via antisolvent precipitation approach. The obtained RES-NCs displayed the particle size of 222.54 ± 1.66 nm, the PDI of 0.125 ± 0.035, the zeta potential of −9.41 ± 0.37 mV, and a rapid in vitro dissolution rate. Molecular dynamics simulation of RES and HPMC revealed an interaction energy of −68.09 kJ/mol and a binding energy of −30.98 ± 0.388 kJ/mol, indicating that the spontaneous binding between the two molecules is through van der Waals forces. RES-NCs conferred enhanced cellular uptake as well as improved permeability relative to pure RES. In addition, RES-NCs were able to protect neurons against cytotoxicity induced by MPP+. Meanwhile, RES-NCs exerted no significant toxic effects on zebrafish embryos and larvae, and did not influence their survival and hatching rates. When orally administered to rats, RES-NCs exhibited more favorable pharmacokinetics than pure RES, with higher plasma and brain concentrations. More importantly, MPTP-induced PD mice showed notable improvements in behavior, attenuated dopamine deficiency, and elevated levels of dopamine and its metabolites after the treatment with RES-NCs. Furthermore, immunoblot analysis revealed that the neuroprotective role of RES-NCs may be at least partially mediated by Akt/Gsk3β signaling pathway. Taken altogether, RES-NCs can serve as a potential treatment modality for PD, offering means of improving RES oral bioavailability and brain accumulation., Graphical abstract Resveratrol nanocrystals improve the oral bioavailability of resveratrol and enhance its delivery into the brain to treat Parkinson's disease. Image, graphical abstract

Food waste is a sustainable and carbon-neutral source of organic compounds, and thus developing an efficient approach for conversion of food waste into chemicals and fuels is one of the most promis...

Acute biliary infection is one of the common causes of acute abdomen, easily causes severe infection and even death. The reasonable treatment of the acute phase is very important. The sudden outbreak of corona virus disease (COVID-19) has posed severe challenges to the country's economic and social life, and has also led to an extreme shortage of medical resources. The diagnosis and treatment of acute biliary infections disease also face challenges. In order to control the epidemic of infectious diseases, we write this article from the perspective of prevention and controlling of COVID-19, referring to the Tokyo Guidelines 2018 to express our views on the diagnosis and treatment strategies for acute biliary infection, hoping to do our best to prevent and control the epidemic of COVID-19. DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2020.03.03

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a major form of chronic inflammatory bowel disease of the colonic mucosa and exhibits progressive morbidity. There is still a substantial need of small molecules with greater efficacy and safety for UC treatment. Here, we report a N-acetyldopamine dimer (NADD) elucidated (2R,3S)-2-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-acetylamino-7-(N-acetyl-2″-aminoethyl)-1,4-benzodioxane, which is derived from traditional Chinese medicine Isaria cicadae, exhibits significant therapeutic efficacy against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC. Functionally, NADD treatment effectively relieves UC symptoms, including weight loss, colon length shortening, colonic tissue damage and expression of pro-inflammatory factors in pre-clinical models. Mechanistically, NADD treatment significantly inhibits the expression of genes in inflammation related NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways by transcriptome analysis and western blot, which indicates that NADD inhibits the inflammation in UC might through these two pathways. Overall, this study identifies an effective small molecule for UC therapy.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8) is involved in the development of multiple tumors, including lung cancer. However, the exact mechanism by which LRP8 exerts its oncogenic role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains elusive. Hence, in this study, we aimed to unravel the expression and role of LRP8 in the progression of NSCLC. We used online bioinformatics databases to identify the expression of LRP8 in multiple types of lung cancer. We validated LRP8 expression in NSCLC cell lines and tissues by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The functions of LRP8 in NSCLC carcinogenesis and progression were determined using

Dual-platform metabolomics combined with multivariate data analysis was used to investigate the effects of adding fish gelatin (FGH) at different degrees of hydrolysis (DH) on the growth and metabolic pathways of different species of Lactobacillus in fermented milk. The results showed that the promotion effect of FGH on Lactobacillus was related to the species of probiotics. The corresponding metabolic pathways also changed, with the promotion of Lactobacillus by FGH mainly regulated through amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism pathways. The excess DH inhibited the growth of L. paracasei by adjusting its metabolic state through reducing nucleotide requirements, allocating protein resources, and adopting a stress response. In conclusion, this study revealed the effectiveness of dual-platform metabolomics in explaining the metabolic mechanisms of probiotics, providing theoretical support and a scientific basis for the development of functional fermented foods.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a lethal malignancy with median survival of less than one year and overall 5-year survival less than 5%. Gemcitabine has been the cornerstone in PDA treatment, yet its efficacy remains limited. Over the past decades, extensive investigations suggested a role of tumor microenvironment (TME) in rendering PDA resistance to gemcitabine, however, its underlying mechanism remained largely unknown. Cellular profiling has revealed the macrophages as a major immune cell component of PDA-TME. Our recent study showed that the expression of the homeobox protein VentX, a master regulator of macrophage plasticity, is significantly down-regulated in tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) of PDA. We demonstrated that restoration of VentX expression in PDA-TAMs polarizes the TAMs from a pro-tumor M2-like phenotype to an anti-tumor M1-like phenotype. We showed further that VentX-regulated-TAMs (VentX-TAMs) revert immune suppression of PDA-TME by inhibiting CD4 Treg differentiation and by promoting CD8 proliferation and activation. Using a newly developed tumor immune microenvironment-enabling model system (TIME-EMS), we showed that VentX-TAMs drastically promote efficacy of gemcitabine against PDA for about 4-fold but not cytotoxicity on normal pancreatic tissue. As such, our data suggested a function of VentX-TAMs to promote chemosensitivity of gemcitabine and to improve PDA prognosis. Citation Format: Joanna Le, Hong Gao, Yi Le, William Richards, Scott Radig, Ronald Bleday, Thomas Clancy, Zhenglun Zhu. VentX-modulated tumor associated macrophages revert immune suppression in tumor microenvironment and promote efficacy of gemcitabine against pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5111.

Additional file 11. Linearity of the HPLC method for analysis of biochanin A (BCA) and formononetin (FMT).

Additional file 9. Accuracy and precision of the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay for biochanin A (BCA) and formononetin (FMT).

Additional file 5. Classification of severity of osteoporosis measured by T-score of Bone Mass Density (BMD).

Additional file 2. Conversion of TPEE doses and functional indicator components, formononetin and biochanin A, in rats to human equivalent doses based on body surface area.

Additional file 3. The optimum PCR condition and the sequences of the primers used for in vivo analysis.

1,3,5-Triazine derivatives have a wide range of biological and pharmaceutical activities. According to the extensive application of this compounds, 3-(4-chloro-6-(4-morpholinophenyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)-N-methylthiophene-2-formamide was synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HRMS, FT-IR, and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) calculations of this compound were carried out at B3LYP/6-311 level. The result indicated that the crystal structure was orthorhombic crystal system. Moreover, the biological activity of this compound was evaluated as novel FAK inhibitor.

Additional file 6. The distribution of samples according to the severity groups.

Additional file 4. Primary and secondary biomarkers collected from the biochemistry analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Additional file 4. The number of reads and the read lengths for each sample.

Fluorine is a necessary element for human, which is closely related to life activities, such as metabolism of teeth and bone tissue. A small amount of fluoride ions can promote the strengthen of our body. However, a large amount of fluoride ions will damage the human immune system to produce organ diseases. Sensitive and rapid detection of fluoride ions has attracted great interests for researchers. In this work, a reactive fluorescent probe SCP for detection of fluoride ions with high quantum yield was designed and synthesized based on the carbazole ring. Subsequently, the photophysical properties of the probe SCP were carefully studied. At last, SCP performed 62.8% quantum yield in physiological condition, excellent ability of quantitative analysis, well selectivity, and distinguishing features for HepG2 cell imaging.