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Consumers are increasing their daily demand for beef and are becoming more discerning about its nutritional quality and flavor. The present objective was to evaluate how the ration energy content (combined net energy, Nemf) impacts the slaughter performance, carcass characteristics, and meat qualities of Honghe yellow cattle raised in confinement. Fifteen male Honghe yellow cattle were divided into three groups based on a one-way design: a low-energy group (LEG, 3.72 MJ/kg), a medium-energy group (MEG, 4.52 MJ/kg), and a high-energy group (HEG, 5.32 MJ/kg). After a period of 70 days on these treatments, the animals were slaughtered and their slaughter performance was determined, and the longissimus dorsi muscle (LD) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles were gathered to evaluate meat quality and composition. Increasing the dietary energy concentration led to marked improvements (p < 0.05) in the live weight before slaughter (LWBS), weight of carcass, backfat thickness, and loin muscle area. HEG also improved the yield of high-grade commercial cuts (13.47% vs. 10.39%) (p < 0.05). However, meat quality traits were not affected by treatment except for shear force, which was affected by dietary energy. A significant improvement (p < 0.05) in the intramuscular fat (IMF) content was observed in the HEG. Little effect on the amino acid profile was observed (p > 0.05), except for a tendency (p = 0.06) to increase the histidine concentration in the BF muscle. Increasing dietary energy also reduced C22:6n-3 and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and enhanced C18:1 cis-9 and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs, p < 0.05). Those results revealed that increasing energy levels of diets could enhance slaughter traits and affect the meat quality and fatty acid composition of different muscle tissues of Honghe yellow cattle. These results contribute to the theoretical foundation to formulate nutritional standards and design feed formulas for the Honghe yellow cattle.

Wind profiling within operating wind farms is important for both wind resource assessment and wind power prediction. With increasing wind turbine size, it is getting difficult to obtain wind profiles covering the turbine-affecting area due to the limited height of wind towers. In this study, a stepwise quality control and optimizing process for deriving high-quality near-surface wind profiles within wind farms is proposed. The method is based on the radial wind speed obtained by the Doppler Wind Lidar velocity-azimuth display (VAD) technique. The method is used to obtain the whole wind profile from ground level to the height affected by wind turbines within a utility-scale onshore wind farm, in northern China. Compared with the traditional carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) filter-based quality control method, the proposed data processing method can significantly improve the accuracy of the derived wind. For a 10 m wind speed, an increase in coefficient of determination (R2) from 0.826 to 0.932, and a decrease in mean absolute error (MAE) from 1.231% to 0.927% are obtained; while for 70 m wind speed, R2 increased from 0.926 to 0.958, and MAE decreased from 1.023% to 0.771%. For wind direction, R2 increased from 0.978 to 0.992 at 10 m, and increased from 0.983 to 0.995 at 70 m. The optimized method also presents advantages in improving the accuracy of derived wind under complex wind environments, e.g., inside a wind farm, and increasing the data availability during clear nights. The proposed method could be used to derive wind profiles from below the minimum range of a vertically operating scanning Doppler Lidar to a height affected by wind turbines. Combined with Doppler beam-swinging (DBS) scanning data, the method could be used to obtain the complete wind profile in the boundary layer. These wind profiles could be further used to predict wind power and evaluate the climate and environmental effects of wind farms.

ObjectiveAlthough the effect of vitamins on the risk of mortality in diabetic patients has been reported, most studies focus on individual vitamins. However, humans are often exposed to multiple vitamins simultaneously in daily life. Therefore, it is worth exploring the effects of co-exposure to multiple vitamins on the risk of mortality in diabetic patients.MethodsThis study included diabetic patients aged ≥20WD years who participated in NHANES from 2003 to 2006. An unsupervised K-means clustering method was used to cluster eight vitamins in serum into several patterns of co-exposure to multiple vitamins, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the impact of different patterns of co-exposure to multiple vitamins on the risk of all-cause mortality in diabetic patients.ResultsThree patterns of co-exposure to multiple vitamins were generated based on K-means clustering, namely, low-level, moderate-level, and high-level. Among the 484 diabetic patients, with a median follow-up of 13.7 years, a total of 211 deaths occurred. After adjusting for covariates, the individual vitamins had varying effects on the risk of all-cause mortality in diabetic patients. Compared to the low-level group of co-exposure to multiple vitamins, the high-level group significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality in diabetic patients, with a HR of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.87). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that high levels of co-exposure to multiple vitamins significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality in males, individuals aged ≥ 60 years, and non-Hispanic White people with diabetes compared to the low-level group, with HR of 0.42 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.98), 0.53 (95% CI: 0.26, 0.98), and 0.26 (95% CI: 0.12, 0.58) respectively.ConclusionWhile individual vitamins had different effects on the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes, high-level co-exposure to multiple vitamins significantly reduced the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes, with differences observed among genders, ages, and race. This suggests that when developing vitamin intervention strategies for patients with diabetes, consideration should be given not only to the dosage of individual vitamins but also to the variations between different population groups.

Acute bacterial endocarditis is a rapid, difficult to manage, and frequently lethal disease. Potent antibiotics often cannot efficiently kill Staphylococcus aureus that colonizes the hearts valves. S. aureus relies on virulence factors to evade therapeutics and the hosts immune response, usurping the hosts clotting system by activating circulating prothrombin with staphylocoagulase and von Willebrand factor-binding protein. An insoluble fibrin barrier then forms around the bacterial colony, shielding the pathogen from immune cell clearance. Targeting virulence factors may provide previously unidentified avenues to better diagnose and treat endocarditis. To tap into this unused therapeutic opportunity, we codeveloped therapeutics and multimodal molecular imaging to probe the host-pathogen interface. We introduced and validated a family of small-molecule optical and positron emission tomography (PET) reporters targeting active thrombin in the fibrin-rich environment of bacterial colonies. The imaging agents, based on the clinical thrombin inhibitor dabigatran, are bound to heart valve vegetations in mice. Using optical imaging, we monitored therapy with antibodies neutralizing staphylocoagulase and von Willebrand factor-binding protein in mice with S. aureus endocarditis. This treatment deactivated bacterial defenses against innate immune cells, decreased in vivo imaging signal, and improved survival. Aortic or tricuspid S. aureus endocarditis in piglets was also successfully imaged with clinical PET/magnetic resonance imaging. Our data map a route toward adjuvant immunotherapy for endocarditis and provide efficient tools to monitor this drug class for infectious diseases.

Liver diseases constitute a major healthcare burden globally, including acute hepatic injury resulted from acetaminophen overdose, ischemia–reperfusion or hepatotropic viral infection and chronic hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Attainable treatment strategies for most liver diseases remain inadequate, highlighting the importance of substantial pathogenesis. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels represent a versatile signalling mechanism regulating fundamental physiological processes in the liver. It is not surprising that liver diseases become a newly explored field to enrich our knowledge of TRP channels. Here, we discuss recent findings revealing TRP functions across the fundamental pathological course from early hepatocellular injury caused by various insults, to inflammation, subsequent fibrosis and hepatoma. We also explore expression levels of TRPs in liver tissues of ALD, NAFLD and HCC patients from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) or The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and survival analysis estimated by Kaplan–Meier Plotter. At last, we address the therapeutical potential and challenges by pharmacologically targeting TRPs to treat liver diseases. The aim is to provide a better understanding of the implications of TRP channels in liver diseases, contributing to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and efficient drugs.

Background Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most prevalent chronic diseases around the world. Additionally, they contribute significantly to the global burden of disease. Tuina manipulation played a crucial role in treating musculoskeletal diseases from ancient times to the present. However, there are no systematic investigations on the efficacy characteristics of Tuina manipulation for alleviating musculoskeletal pain. Objective To objective of the study was to investigate the factors that have an influence on the effectiveness of Tuina manipulation in treating musculoskeletal pain. Methods In October 2021, we interviewed physicians from Beijing's Tuina Department using the purpose sampling method and the snowball sampling strategy. Interviews were carried out following a semi-structured format to determine the factors influencing Tuina manipulation for musculoskeletal pain. In accordance with the study's aims, the interview outline was drafted and discussed with the research group, and the interview was ended when saturation of information had been reached. To develop a theoretical model, the interview content is organized into text using three-level coding and rooted theory using the qualitative analysis software NVivo 11. Results A total of 16 interviewees were interviewed effectively. The interviews were open coded to obtain 21 initial categories. And The 21 initial categories were summarized into five main categories: "health care providers" "patients" "medical environment" "regional divergence" and "advantages of disease" . In addition to selective coding, the factors of musculoskeletal pain are summarized as the intrinsic factors of "people" ( "health care provider" and "patients" ) , the external factors of "environment" ( "medical environment" and "regional divergence" ) , and the causative factors of "disease" ( "advantages of disease" ) . By combing these factors with Tuina manipulation, it becomes a tree-like model of influencing factors in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion The factors affecting the treatment of musculoskeletal pain by Tuina manipulation are composed of three factors: the internal factors of "people" , the external factors of "environment" and the causative factors of "diseases" . "Health care providers" constitute the most critical factors, as their diagnosis, treatment plan, and technical level significantly affect the final result of treatment. The patient's compliance is largely a secondary factor, while external factors indicate that good doctor-patient communication leads to success. From the causative factors of "disease" , it can be seen that Tuina has a more prominent effect in the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases.

During combat activities, the consequences of contusive and traumatic injuries to the spine, which lead to myofascial pain, in particular in the neck area, are of great importance. Myofascial pain syndrome, localized in the muscles and fascia, can range from mild discomfort to excruciating pain. To optimize personal rehabilitation programs in health care practice, for additional visualization of educational and practical activities, it was suggested to consider the rehabilitation process as a "motor and mental dialogue" at the same time, and also to use a topological object - the Möbius strip as a visual, multi-vector, interdisciplinary, plastic model of rehabilitation. The paper focuses on the study of the effectiveness of using the ecological approach in rehabilitation practice. The research was conducted on the basis of the Municipal Enterprise "Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital for War Veterans" of Poltava Regional Council. 42 military servicemen - participants of combat activities with a diagnosis of the myofascial pain syndrome of the cervical area were included in the study. As a component of the ecological approach, an individually developed program of comprehensive rehabilitation intervention aimed at the biomechanically interconnected muscle spirals, the diaphragm and masticatory muscles, and the temporomandibular joint was used. The method of active rehabilitation in patients using a program of comprehensive rehabilitation intervention for biomechanically interconnected muscle spirals, diaphragm and masticatory muscles, and temporomandibular joint, was based on a course of training with a multidisciplinary rehabilitation team lasting 21 days - 3 - 5 sessions with the doctor every day and 6-8 sessions according to the video sample recorded by the doctor. A statistically significant decrease in the intensity of pain according to VAS and an increase in the angle of painless lateral movement with an element of rotation may indicate the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures already on the seventh day of treatment. A decrease in the intensity of pain and an increase in the angle of painless lateral movement with an element of rotation in the experimental group, as compared to the control group, may indicate the advantage of using the proposed program at the same time as standard approaches in rehabilitation. The model proposed in the study can act not only as a treatment and rehabilitation tool but also as a visual training tool for future specialists, which has several advantages over traditional models. In particular, it involves low cost and ease of implementation, and it should be noted that the comprehensive, at first glance, rehabilitation process is simplified due to mathematical logic, sequence, creativity, and game form.