Search

We have designed a parallel processor system with hundreds of processors specific for Monte- Carlo analysis. This system has the ring-bus architecture. The performance of several Gflops is expected in this system according to the computer simulation. However, it was revealed that the data transfer speed of the bus has to be increased more dramatically in order to further increase the performance. Then, we propose introducing the optical interconnection into the parallel processor system to increase the data transfer speed of the buses. The double ring-bus architecture is employed in this new parallel processor system with optical interconnection. The free-space optical interconnection and the optical waveguide are used for the optical ring- bus. It was confirmed in simulation that the optical data transfer operation and the memory store operation into FIFO in the optical ring-bus interface unit can be successfully performed.© (1995) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

The level of hypocretin-1 (orexin A) is reported to be low in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of subjects with narcolepsy. We measured the CSF level of hypocretin-1 of two young hypersomniacs. The first subject was a 9-year-old boy who exhibited cataplexy, and was demonstrated to be human leukocyte antigen-DR2 (HLA-DR2) positive. The second subject was a 16-year-old boy who exhibited no cataplexy and was HLA-DR2 negative. When excessive daytime sleepiness ensued, appetite and bodyweight were increased in case 1 but not in case 2. The level of CSF hypocretin-1 was undetectably low and within normal limits in case 1 and case 2, respectively. It appears to be important to measure the CSF level of hypocretin-1 in the diagnosis and treatment of narcolepsy.

We examined the possible involvement of endogenous angiotensin II (ANG II) in norepinephrine (NE) overflow and antidiuresis induced by renal nerve stimulation (RNS). RNS at a frequency of 0.5-2.0 Hz, which did not influence renal hemodynamics, produced significant reductions in urine flow and urinary excretion of sodium, and elevations in NE secretion rate (NESR) and renin secretion rate (RSR). Intrarenal arterial (i.r.a.) infusion of phentolamine (10 micrograms/kg/min) abolished the RNS-induced antidiuresis. In dogs receiving captopril (15 micrograms/kg/min i.v.), RNS-induced antidiuresis and increase in NESR were significantly attenuated. The i.r.a. administration of propranolol at 5 micrograms/kg/min, a dose that inhibited completely the RNS-induced increase in RSR, did not influence the alterations in NESR and urine formation in response to RNS. During ANG II infusion (1 ng/kg/min i.r.a.), RNS produced a reduction in urine formation and an increase in NESR, at a magnitude similar to that seen without ANG II infusion. These results suggest that RNS at a low frequency increased the NESR and RSR without affecting renal hemodynamics and that the antidiuretic effect was probably produced via the activation of postsynaptic alpha-adrenoceptors, but not via the ANG II receptor, located on the renal tubules. The release of NE appears to be modulated by ANG II through the activation of a facilitatory prejunctional mechanism, which is maximally stimulated by endogenously and locally generated basal levels of ANG II.

Background Narcolepsy with cataplexy is caused by a selective loss of hypocretin-producing neurons, but narcolepsy can also result from hypothalamic and rostral brainstem lesions. Patient We describe a 38-year-old woman with severe daytime sleepiness, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, and bilateral delayed visual evoked potentials. Her multiple sleep latency test results demonstrated short sleep latencies and 4 sleep-onset rapid eye movement sleep periods, and her cerebrospinal fluid contained a low concentration of hypocretin. Magnetic resonance imaging showed T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensity along the walls of the third ventricle and aqueduct, which are consistent with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Results After treatment with steroids, this patient's subjective sleepiness, hypersomnia, and hypocretin deficiency partially improved. Conclusions Autoimmune diseases such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis can produce narcolepsy. Most likely, this narcolepsy is a consequence of demyelination and dysfunction of hypocretin pathways, but direct injury to the hypocretin neurons may also occur.

Polystyrene microspheres were coated with polyamine graft copolymer and mixed with rat lymphocyte suspension. In the mixture of T and B cells, the microspheres formed large aggregates, while they were fairly well dispersed in the T cell suspension. This result was understood to be the result of preferential adsorption of B cells to the microspheres, indicating it would be possible to deliver drugs to B cells alone with these copolymer-coated microspheres.

A mixture of Ti(IV) and 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol was found to be useful in the spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of hydrogen peroxide. The absorbance at 508 nm was proportional to the concentration of hydrogen peroxide added. The reagent was successfully applied to the assay of free fatty acid in serum through the combined use of acyl-CoA synthetase and acyl-CoA oxidase. The latter enzyme produces H2O2. As a result, hydrogen peroxide was produced through the enzymatic oxidation of free fatty acid. It was possible to determine free fatty acid in 50 microliters of serum at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 1.5 mM. The coefficient of variation was less than 3% at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1.5 mM. In the present method, there is the advantage of minimal influence from reducible substances as well as greater simplicity and accuracy.

Analysing correlations among resistance at Froude number F∇ (= V/√∇1/3g) =3.5, trim angles at F∇=2.5 through 3.5, by using model test data in still water of the high speed craft, the clear correlation was found to exist between resistance at F∇=3.5 and trim angle at F∇=2.5.Therefore, the sequential unconstrained minimization technique was first applied to get the smallest total resistance hull form for each 30 minutes interval of trim angle change, and then followed the discussion concerning deviations arisen and resistance performance due to obtained hull form parameters. Using diagrams related to the total resistance at F∇=3.5 and the trim angle at F∇=2.5, we clarified finally the influence of the unit trim angle on the total resistance coefficient within high speed range.

The reaction between lipid hydroperoxide and hemoglobin (Hb) under aerobic condition was studied kinetically by a spectrophotometric and a spin trapping method. The reaction did not follow simple first order or second order kinetics, possibly because Hb was also decomposed during the decomposition of lipid hydroperoxide. A spin trap reagent decreased the rate of the reaction. Some free radicals were trapped by the spin trap reagent and their structures were found from ESR spectra of spin adducts. These results were explained by a free-radical chain reaction mechanism initiated by lipid hydroperoxide and Hb.

This paper is concerned with the hull form parameters having smallest resistance at Froude number 3.5 (=V/√∇1/3g). Using model test data in still water of the high speed craft, and with or without conditions concerning shapes and initial trims, we first determined the hull form having smallest total resistance by applying the non-linear optimization technique.Second, the deviation of hull form parameters is discussed from the view-point of five ship form elements which were obtained by factor analyses using experimental data. And, then, 95 percentage predictions are pursued to the resistance performance from Froude numbers 0.5 through 3.5.

It was found that lithium-doped magnesium oxide prepared by the use of ultrafine crystalline magnesium oxide has an extremely high activity for the oxi

This paper is concerned with both principal component analysis and factor analysis using model test data in still water of high speed craft. Obtained results are summarized as follows :(1) In order to make visible the experimental data in the previous paper, we tried to draw clusters on the two-dimensional plane, keeping the loss of informations as less as possible, and we could get the correspondence between clusters and characteristics of each model. Therefore, models are classified with hull form parameters on the two-dimensional plane.(2) Within 3.5 of Froude number F∇=V/√∇1/3g, we calculated the first, second, third and fourth principal components by using the matrix of correlation which consists of both eleven hull form parameters and three resistance parameters. From those principal components we chose the hull form parameters and the resistance parameters which have the large absolute value of factor load. Those obtained results are then certified by the factor analysis. Along this process of certification, we analysed the matrix of correlation into six components by simplifying the factor structure.(3) We clarified correlations among resistance parameters for each Froude number.

This paper is concerned with the statistical analyses of model test results in still water of high speed craft from the practical view-point to design crafts from 10 to 100 tons operating in Japanese waters.Test results are analysed by statistical regression methods, after carrying out towing tests of 78 models. Among many mathematical models of regression equations which will be considered within 3.5 of Froude number F∇=V/√∇1/3g, three models including (1) algebraic sum of eleven hull form parameters, (2) addition of L2, θL and θ2 terms to (1), and (3) the model which designers will desire, are chosen and discussed. The range of application of these regression equations is assumed such as a n-dimensional tolerance elliptic quadric.The influence of each hull form parameter on hydrodynamic characteristics in still water is discussed by obtaining the correlation coefficients between test results and hull form parameters.As an example the effective horse power of an actual ship is numerically calculated by using obtained regression equations.

データベースの開発, 利用の広がりに伴い, その権利保護を明確化することが要請されている。著作権審議会は昭和59年に第7小委員会を設置して, ニューメディアおよびデータベースに関する著作権問題全般について検討を行い, 昭和61年1月に報告書を作成した。文化庁はこれを受けて, 著作権法の一部を改正する法律草案を公表し, 関係機関との調整を行っている。本文では第7小委員会での検討事項について文化庁試案の関連条項を示しつつ, その概要を紹介した。

1) 湿式分級に関する基礎的考察を行ない, 分級過程における粒子分別機構とくにその部分分級効率や粒子回収量などに関する般的関係式を導いた。2) 回分湿式分級試験などを行なって, 粒子分別効果に影響を及ぼす因子として, 粒子濃度補正係数や粒子分別係数などに関する実験式を求めた。3) 連続湿式分級に関する基礎的考察を行ない, 連続湿式分級過程における粒子分別効果に対する槽内流動の影響ならびに沈積粒子群に同伴される粒子量の影響などに関する一般的関係式を導いた。4) 上記一連の結果などにもとづき連続湿式分級試験を行ない, とくに分級槽本体外周壁に中間沈降槽を設置した循環流型多段湿式分級試験装置を試作して連続実験を行なった結果, 比較的に分級精度の高い生成物が, 中間沈降槽の設置数ならびに操作条件に応じて得られることが明らかになった。

The A–X electronic spectra of jet‐cooled NH3, obtained by probing the LIF of the NH2 (X 2B1) fragments, are presented. The homogeneous linewidths for the v’2 =0 and v2 =1 vibrational bands are estimated as 32±2 and 30±2 cm−1, respectively. A partial analysis of the excitation energy dependence of the rotational energy distribution in NH2 (X 2B1) is also examined. The results clearly show that the photodissociation of the A state NH3 proceeds via a near planar structure in a nuclear spin conserved manner.

It has been shown that a species difference exists among cats, dogs, and monkeys in the reflex response to cardiac sympathetic afferent stimulation with bradykinin (BK). This study was performed to determine the arterial blood pressure (ABP), heart rate (HR), and renal nerve activity (RNA) responses to epicardial BK applications in the intact and sinoaortic-denervated and vagotomized (SAD + Vx) rabbits. Eight rabbits were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. The heart was exposed and suspended in the epicardial cradle. The ABP, HR, and RNA responses were determined when 1 and 10 micrograms/ml BK were applied to the anterior surface of the left ventricle in the intact and SAD + Vx state. In both the intact and SAD + Vx rabbits, ABP, HR, and RNA were significantly reduced with epicardial BK. In the SAD + Vx rabbits, BK evoked small decreases in ABP and HR and no change in RNA after topical lidocaine. These results show the existence of a depressor response and decreases in HR and RNA in the rabbit mediated by the action of BK on cardiac sympathetic afferents.

In the past, investigations of the dynamic performance of vehicles using scale models have rarely been attempted. This paper describes the experimental transient side forces and yawing moments on 1/10 scale models of vehicles passing through cross-wind region. From this study, it is clarified that the model experiment is an effective method in analyzing the dynamic behavior of vehicles in cross-wind. /HSRI/

CSF hypocretin-1 was measured in 28 Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), 12 Miller-Fisher syndrome, 12 chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and 48 control subjects. Seven GBS subjects had undetectably low hypocretin-1 levels (