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Early warning prediction of traumatic hemorrhagic shock (THS) can greatly reduce patient mortality and morbidity. We aimed to develop and validate models with different stepped feature sets to predict THS in advance. From the PLA General Hospital Emergency Rescue Database and Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III, we identified 604 and 1,614 patients, respectively. Two popular machine learning algorithms (i.e., extreme gradient boosting [XGBoost] and logistic regression) were applied. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to evaluate the performance of the models. By analyzing the feature importance based on XGBoost, we found that features in vital signs (VS), routine blood (RB), and blood gas analysis (BG) were the most relevant to THS (0.292, 0.249, and 0.225, respectively). Thus, the stepped relationships existing in them were revealed. Furthermore, the three stepped feature sets (i.e., VS, VS + RB, and VS + RB + sBG) were passed to the two machine learning algorithms to predict THS in the subsequent T hours (where T = 3, 2, 1, or 0.5), respectively. Results showed that the XGBoost model performance was significantly better than the logistic regression. The model using vital signs alone achieved good performance at the half-hour time window (AUROC = 0.935), and the performance was increased when laboratory results were added, especially when the time window was 1 h (AUROC = 0.950 and 0.968, respectively). These good-performing interpretable models demonstrated acceptable generalization ability in external validation, which could flexibly and rollingly predict THS T hours (where T = 0.5, 1) prior to clinical recognition. A prospective study is necessary to determine the clinical utility of the proposed THS prediction models.

Research Findings: Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations among the family pandemic experience, home activities during the stay-at-home quarantine, and level of...

Objective: The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in host physiology, metabolism, immunity, and behavior. And host genetics could influence the gut microbiota of hybrid animals. The three-way cross model is commonly utilized in commercial pig production; however, the use of this model to analyse the gut microbial composition is rarely reported. Methods: Two three-way hybrid pigs were selected, with Saba pigs as the starting maternal pig: Duroc× (Berkshire×Saba) (DBS) pig, Berkshire×(Duroc×Saba) (BDS) pig. One hundred pigs of each model were reared from 35 days (d) to 210 d. The body weight or feed consumption of all pigs were recorded and their feed/gain (F/G) ratio was calculated. On day 210, 10 pigs from each three-way cross were selected for slaughter, and cecal chyme samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: The final body weight (FBW) and average daily gain (ADG) of DBS pigs were significantly higher than those of BDS pigs (p0.05). At the genus level, the abundance of Prevotella, Roseburia, and Anaerovibrio in DBS pigs was significantly lower than in BDS pigs (pabundance of Eubacterium, Clostridium XI, Bacteroides, Methanomassiliicoccus, and Parabacteroides in DBS pigs was significantly higher than in BDS pigs (pBacteroides, ClostridiumXI, and Parabacteroides but negatively correlated with the Prevotella, Prevotella/Bacteroides (P/B) ratio, Roseburia, and Anaerovibrio. Conclusion: These results indicated that host genetics affect the cecal microbiota composition and the porcine gut microbiota is associated with growth performance, thereby suggesting that gut microbiota composition may be a useful biomarker in porcine genetics and breeding.

Three-dimensional reconstruction from a single image has excellent future prospects. The use of neural networks for three-dimensional reconstruction has achieved remarkable results. Most of the current point-cloud-based three-dimensional reconstruction networks are trained using nonreal data sets and do not have good generalizability. Based on the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago ()data set of large-scale scenes, this article proposes a method for processing real data sets. The data set produced in this work can better train our network model and realize point cloud reconstruction based on a single picture of the real world. Finally, the constructed point cloud data correspond well to the corresponding three-dimensional shapes, and to a certain extent, the disadvantage of the uneven distribution of the point cloud data obtained by light detection and ranging scanning is overcome using the proposed method.

To explore the regulation of SOCS3 in the JAK2/STAT3 pathway during vocal fold fibroblast activation after vocal fold injury.Normal vocal fold fibroblasts (VFFs), injured VFFs, and simulated injured VFFs (normal VFFs supplemented with transforming growth factor beta [TGF-β]) were treated with a JAK2 inhibitor (AG490), and SOCS3 was overexpressed in each group. Type I collagen (COL1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), SOCS3, JAK2, and STAT3 were detected using immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blotting.Compared with normal VFFs, expression of SOCS3 was lower, but p-JAK/p-STAT3 and JAK2/STAT3 were higher in injured and simulated injured VFFs. After the addition of AG490, COL1 and α-SMA expressions did not change significantly in normal VFFs but was significantly decreased in the other two groups. The protein and mRNA expression levels of SOCS3 were significantly increased, while those of p-JAK/p-STAT3 and JAK2/STAT3 were significantly decreased. When SOCS3 was overexpressed, the COL1 and α-SMA expression levels in normal VFFs were not altered significantly, whereas they were significantly decreased in injured and simulated injured VFFs. The expression of p-JAK2/p-STAT3 significantly decreased when SOCS3 was overexpressed in injured and simulated injured VFFs.SOCS3 may regulate the activation of JAK2/STATA3 pathway after vocal fold injury. In addition, SOCS3 may inhibit excessive activation of vocal fold fibroblasts by downregulating JAK2/STAT3 in the early stages of vocal fold injury.

Bacterial infection and massive blood loss are major challenges for global public health. Herein, a series of tannic acid encapsulated

The Elateridae family (click beetles) represents a highly diverse lineage that possesses a specialized clicking mechanism to startle predators. At present, however, phylogenetic relationships, especially among recognized subfamilies, remain contentious. Mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) can help resolve previously intractable phylogenetic relationships using morphological or limited molecular data. Here, we report the complete mitogenome of Pectocera sp. (Elateridae: Dendrometrinae: Oxynopterini), which was 15,962 bp in length and showed a typical gene number and order as most beetle mitogenomes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 1 noncoding control region (AT-rich region). Comparative genomic analyses showed a high degree of feature similarity among Pectocera sp. and other click beetles. Evolutionary analysis of all PCGs based on the nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rate ratio (ω) indicated that cox1 and atp8 exhibited the lowest and highest evolutionary rates, respectively, and that the evolutionary rates of all PCGs, except for cox3, nad2, and nad3, were lower than the average ω of click beetles. Phylogenetic analyses based on concatenated and coalescent approaches indicated that Pectocera sp. was sister to Campsosternus auratus in the same tribe (Oxynopterini) with high support. This study offers insight into the mitogenomic basis of Pectocera sp. and provides an important data resource for exploring the taxonomy, phylogeny, and evolution of click beetles.

Nectar spur is a hollow extension of certain flower parts and shows strikingly diverse size and shape in Aquilegia. Nectar spur development is involved in cell division and expansion processes. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) control a diversity of organ morphogenesis, including cell division and cell expansion processes. However, the role of bHLH genes in nectar spur development in Aquilegia is mainly unknown. We conducted a genome-wide identification of the bHLH gene family in Aquilegia to determine structural characteristics and phylogenetic relationships, and to analyze expression profiles of these genes during the development of nectar spur in spurless and spurred species. A total of 120 AqbHLH genes were identified from the Aquilegia coerulea genome. The phylogenetic tree showed that AqbHLH proteins were divided into 15 subfamilies, among which S7 and S8 subfamilies occurred marked expansion. The AqbHLH genes in the same clade had similar motif composition and gene structure characteristics. Conserved residue analysis indicated nineteen residues with conservation of more than 50% were found in the four conserved regions. In the upstream sequence of AqbHLH genes, the light-responsive element was the most abundant cis-acting element. Eighteen AqbHLH genes showed syntenic relationships, and eight genes from four syntenic pairs underwent tandem duplications. According to the expression profiling analysis by public RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR results, five AqbHLH genes, including AqbHLH027, AqbHLH046, AqbHLH082, AqbHLH083 and AqbHLH092, were differentially expressed between different tissues in A. coerulea at early developmental stages, as well as between spurless and spurred Aquilegia species. Of them, AqbHLH046 was not only highly expressed in spur compared with blade, but also showed higher expression levels in spurred species than spurless specie, suggesting it plays an essential role in the development of spur by regulating cell division. This study lays a foundation to investigate the function of AqbHLH genes family in nectar spur development, and has potential implications for speciation and genetic breeding in the genus Aquilegia.

As a feed additive, p-arsanilic acid (p-ASA) is hardly metabolized in animal bodies and is excreted chemically unchanged via feces and urine, which can be transformed into more toxic inorganic arsenic species and other organic by-products upon degradation in the aquatic environment. In this study, UV-LED/persulfate (PS)/Fe(Ⅲ) and UV-LED/peroxymonosulfate (PMS)/Fe(Ⅲ) processes were developed to remove p-ASA and immobilize the formed inorganic arsenic via tuning solution pH. UV-LED/PMS/Fe(Ⅲ) (90.8%) presented the best performance for p-ASA degradation at pH 3.0, and the p-ASA degradation in these processes both followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics. The ∙OH played the major role in UV-LED/PS/Fe(Ⅲ) and UV-LED/PMS/Fe(Ⅲ) systems. Solution pH greatly affected the p-ASA degradation and the maximum removal can be achieved at pH 3.0 due to the presence of more Fe(OH)(H

As a widely produced and used antibiotic, tetracycline (TC) has been frequently found in rivers, soil and drinking water. In this study, the degradation of TC was investigated by UV/Fe

This paper studies the optimal investment-consumption decision under the constant elasticity of variance (CEV) model for an individual seeking to maximize the expected utility from cumulative consu...

Porous hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (p-BNNS) have demonstrated advantages in hydrogen storage, water purification and catalyst support. Boron nitride (BN) is generally considered chemically inert, but functionalized h-BN by physical or chemical methods breed new properties and applications and can catalyze some reactions. Herein, we developed a strategy to prepare a Ag/p-BNNS nanocatalyst via in-situ thermal decomposition of AgNO 3 at 400 °C in air (Ag/p-BNNS-Air). Results suggested that Ag nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter of ca. 2.41 nm can be evenly anchored and dispersed on the p-BNNS and the new B O Ag chemical bonds were formed between Ag NPs and the boron dangling bonds at the edges of p-BNNS. Ag/p-BNNS-Air exhibits 20–55 fold for catalytic performance enhancement compared with that of p-BNNS-Air and Ag/p-BNNS-N2, which is attributed to the small-sized, uniformly dispersed Ag NPs and the synergistic effect between Ag and the B O bonds of p-BNNS. Our results provide a new approach for the rational design and development of metal composites and open the way to a range of important applications of p-BNNS-based materials.

In this Letter, we report a bridge-connected three-electrode germanium-on-silicon (Ge-on-Si) avalanche photodiode (APD) array compatible with the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. In addition to the two electrodes on the Si substrate, a third electrode is designed for Ge. A single three-electrode APD was tested and analyzed. By applying a positive voltage on the Ge electrode, the dark current of the device can be reduced, and yet the response of the device can be increased. Under a dark current of 100 nA, as the voltage on Ge increases from 0 V to 15 V, the light responsivity is increased from 0.6 A/W to 1.17 A/W. We report, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the near-infrared imaging properties of an array of three-electrode Ge-on-Si APDs. Experiments show that the device can be used for LiDAR imaging and low-light detection.

Background Insect body coloration often functions as camouflage to survive from predators or mate selection. Transportation of pigment precursors or related metabolites from cytoplasm to subcellular pigment granules is one of the key steps in insect pigmentation and usually executed via such transporter proteins as the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transmembrane transporters and small G-proteins (e.g. Rab protein). However, little is known about the copy numbers of pigment transporter genes in the butterfly genomes and about the roles of pigment transporters in the development of swallowtail butterflies. Results Here, we have identified 56 ABC transporters and 58 Rab members in the genome of swallowtail butterfly Papilio xuthus. This is the first case of genome-wide gene copy number identification of ABC transporters in swallowtail butterflies and Rab family in lepidopteran insects. Aiming to investigate the contribution of the five genes which are orthologous to well-studied pigment transporters (ABCG: white, scarlet, brown and ok; Rab: lightoid) of fruit fly or silkworm during the development of swallowtail butterflies, we performed CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing of these genes using P. xuthus as a model and sequenced the transcriptomes of their morphological mutants. Our results indicate that the disruption of each gene produced mutated phenotypes in the colors of larvae (cuticle, testis) and/or adult eyes in G0 individuals but have no effect on wing color. The transcriptomic data demonstrated that mutations induced by CRISPR/Cas9 can lead to the accumulation of abnormal transcripts and the decrease or dosage compensation of normal transcripts at gene expression level. Comparative transcriptomes revealed 606 ~ 772 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the mutants of four ABCG transporters and 1443 DEGs in the mutants of lightoid. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEGs in ABCG transporter mutants enriched to the oxidoreductase activity, heme binding, iron ion binding process possibly related to the color display, and DEGs in lightoid mutants are enriched in glycoprotein binding and protein kinases. Conclusions Our data indicated these transporter proteins play an important role in body color of P. xuthus. Our study provides new insights into the function of ABC transporters and small G-proteins in the morphological development of butterflies.

In order to satisfy the consumers’ pursuit of diversification of goods, new retail enterprises begin to gradually produce small quantities and various kinds of products, which makes the sales data become more complex and various, and then makes the inventory management more difficult. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish an accurate demand prediction model for the sub-category stratum. In this paper, we firstly consider the effect of external macrofactors on sales, and establish a multiple linear regression model to forecast the sales of the target products. Then we consider the regularity and trendency of previous sales, comparing the fitting degree of different parameter ARIMA models, and finally establish the ARIMA (2, 2, 1) model with the best prediction effect. Finally, in the light of the fitting degree, the two models are given different weights, and a predictive model that combines multiple linear regression and ARIMA (2, 2, 1) is established. It can be shown from the results that the prediction effect of combined model is better and it can accurately predict needs for new retail goods, thereby reducing the difficulty of inventory management and improving corporate competitiveness.

Traditional metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), although have the ability to accumulate some chemicals from solution, are usually electrochemically inert. Here, spherical MIL-53(NiFe) MOFs have been synthesized via a simple solvothermal method. A series of characterization methods including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and element mapping were used to investigate this material. An MIL-53(NiFe)/AB/GCE-modified electrode was constructed using acetylene black (AB) as the conductive substrate, which can make up for the electrochemical inertness of metal in the MOFs to some extent. Moreover, the bimetallic center can coordinate with the azo functional group in Sudan I to some extent, which is beneficial to the binding of the molecules to the electrode. Thus, the sensitive and rapid detection of Sudan I can be realized. The quantitative determination of Sudan I was carried out via the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method in a wider linear range (0.005–10 μM) and lower detection limit (0.002 μM, S/N = 3). The developed method can be successfully applied to the detection of Sudan I in chilli powder and tomato paste with satisfactory results.

We propose a pulsed laser ranging method based on a multiecho delay trigger, which improves the precision of pulsed laser ranging. A signal delay unit is used to accurately delay the pulse-echo signal. In a fixed time window, the echo delay pulse triggers the laser transmitter to generate pulsed laser light; meanwhile, the counter records several echo pulses received, and then, the actual distance can be calculated. In terms of improving the ranging precision, this method overcomes the essential of higher time resolution time-to-digital converter (TDC) chip in traditional time-of-flight (TOF) pulsed laser ranging. The method can be realized by using a field-programmable logic gate array (FPGA) chip, a delay unit, and a set of laser transmitters and receivers, which makes the system structure simple and low cost. Experimental results show that this method can achieve more accurate distance measurement and significantly reduced error, to the best of our knowledge, which improves the pulsed laser ranging from centimeter- to millimeter-order precisions. We believe that this method has a promising application prospect in the field of high-precision pulsed laser ranging of fixed targets.

In order to improve the potential of urban tourism in Anhui Province, the comprehensive evaluation of the development level of urban tourism in Anhui Province is carried out. Firstly, the comprehensive evaluation index system of the development level of tourism is constructed. Secondly, 16 cities in Anhui Province are divided into four categories through cluster analysis, and Hefei has the best tourism development. Then factor analysis is carried out to get the ranking of each prefecture-level city. The top two cities in tourism development level are Hefei and Huangshan. Finally, the conclusion is that the tourism development level of 16 cities in Anhui Province is not balanced and the tourism industry is still to be developed.

Butterflies are diverse in virtually all aspects of their ontogeny, including morphology, life history, and behavior. However, the developmental regulatory mechanisms underlying the important phenotypic traits of butterflies at different developmental stages remain unknown. Here, we investigated the developmental regulatory profiles of butterflies based on transposase accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) at three developmental stages in two representative species ( Papilio xuthus and Kallima inachus). Results indicated that 15%-47% of open chromatin peaks appeared in associated genes located 3 kb upstream (i.e., promoter region) of their transcription start site (TSS). Comparative analysis of the different developmental stages indicated that chromatin accessibility is a dynamic process and associated genes with differentially accessible (DA) peaks show functions corresponding to their phenotypic traits. Interestingly, the black color pattern in P. xuthus 4th instar larvae may be attributed to promoter peak-related genes involved in the melanogenesis pathway. Furthermore, many longevity genes in 5th instar larvae and pupae showed open peaks 3 kb upstream of their TSS, which may contribute to the overwintering diapause observed in K. inachus adults. Combined with RNA-seq analysis, our data demonstrated that several genes enriched in the melanogenesis and longevity pathways also exhibit higher expression, confirming that the expression of genes may be closely related to their phenotypic traits. This study offers new insights into larval cuticle color and adult longevity in butterflies and provides a resource for investigating the developmental regulatory mechanisms underlying butterfly ontogeny.

Objective. To explore the CT radiomic features and clinical imaging features of the primary tumor in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before treatment and their predictive value for the occurrence of bone metastases. Methods. From June 2017 to June 2021, 195 patients with NSCLC who were pathologically diagnosed without any treatment in the Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical College were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into a bone metastasis group and a nonbone metastasis group. The relationship between clinical imaging features and bone metastasis in patients was analyzed by the t-test, rank sum test, and χ2 test. At the same time, ITK software was used to extract the radiomic characteristics of the primary tumor of the patients, and the patients were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group in a ratio of 7 : 3. The training model was validated in the validation group, and the performance of the model for predicting bone metastases in NSCLC patients was verified by the ROC curve, and a multivariate logistic regression prediction model was established based on the omics parameters extracted from the best prediction model combined with clinical image features. Results. Seven features were screened from the primary tumor by LASSO to establish a model for predicting metastasis. The area under the curve was 0.82 and 0.73 in the training and validation sets. The best omics signature and univariate analysis suggested clinical imaging factors P < 0.05 associated with bone metastases were included in multivariate binary logistic analysis to obtain clinical characteristics of the primary tumor such as gender (OR = 0.141, 95% CI: 0.022–0.919, P = 0.04), increased Cyfra21-1 (OR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.018–0.782, P = 0.027), Fe content in blood (OR = 0.774, 95% CI: 0.626–0.958, P = 0.018), CT signs such as lesion homogeneity (OR = 0.052, 95% CI: 0.006–0.419, P = 0.006), pleural indentation sign (OR = 0.007, 95% CI: 0.001–0.696, P = 0.034), and omics characteristics glszm_Small Area High Gray Level Emphasis (OR = 0.016, 95% CI: 0.001–0.286, P = 0.005) were independent risk factors for bone metastasis in patients. Conclusion. The prediction model established based on radiomics and clinical imaging features has high predictive performance for the occurrence of bone metastasis in NSCLC patients.

In this study, Fe

Patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip can have this problem throughout their lifetime. The problem is difficult to detect by radiologists throughout x-ray because of an abrasion of anatomical structures. Thus, the landmarks should be automatically and precisely located. In this paper, we propose an attention mechanism of combining multi-dimension information on the basis of separating spatial dimension. The proposed attention mechanism decouples spatial dimension and forms width-channel dimension and height-channel dimension by 1D pooling operations in the height and width of spatial dimension. Then non-local means operations are performed to capture the correlation between long-range pixels in width-channel dimension, as well as that in height-channel dimension at different resolutions. The proposed attention mechanism modules are inserted into the skipped connections of U-Net to form a novel landmark detection structure. This landmark detection method was trained and evaluated through five-fold cross-validation on an open-source dataset, including 524 pelvis x-ray, each containing eight landmarks in pelvis, and achieved excellent performance compared to other landmark detection models. The average point-to-point errors of U-Net, HR-Net, CE-Net, and the proposed network were 3.5651 mm, 3.6118 mm, 3.3914 mm and 3.1350 mm, respectively. The results indicate that the proposed method has the highest detection accuracy. Furthermore, an open-source pelvis dataset is annotated and released for open research.

As an active metabolite of venlafaxine and emerging antidepressant, O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODVEN) was widely detected in different water bodies, which caused potential harm to human health and environmental safety. In this study, the comparative work on the ODVEN degradation by UV (254 nm) and UV-LED (275 nm) activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) systems was systematically performed. The higher removal rate of ODVEN can be achieved under UV-LED direct photolysis (14.99%) than UV direct photolysis (4.57%) due to the higher values of photolysis coefficient at the wavelength 275 nm. Significant synergistic effects were observed in the UV/SPC (80.38%) and UV-LED/SPC (53.57%) systems and the former exhibited better performance for the elimination of ODVEN. The degradation of ODVEN all followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics well in these processes, and the pseudo-first-order rate constant (k

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) control a diversity of organ morphogenesis involved in cell division and cell expansion processes. The development of petal nectar spur, which plays important roles in plant-pollinator interaction and adaptive radiation, comprised cell division and cell expansion phases in Aquilegia. Here, we conducted a genome-wide identification of the bHLH gene family in Aquilegia to determine the characteristics and the expression profiles of this gene family during the development of petal nectar spur. A total of 120 AqbHLH proteins were identified from the Aquilegia coerulea genome. The phylogenetic tree showed that AqbHLH members were divided into 15 subfamilies, among which S7 and S8 subfamilies occurred marked expansion. Nineteen residues with conservation of more than 50% were found in the four conserved regions. The publicly RNA-Seq data and qRT-PCR results showed that AqbHLH027, AqbHLH083, AqbHLH046, and AqbHLH092 would be associated with the development of petal nectar spur by regulating cell division and cell cycle in phase I. While AqbHLH036 might participate the spur cell elongation and cell expansion in phase Ⅱ. This study provides useful insights for further probing on the function of AqbHLH TFs in the regulation of petal nectar spur development.

With the popularity of lithium-ion battery (LIB) vehicles, End of Life-lithium-ion batteries (EoL-LIB) pollute the environment, but their recycling has great economic value. Therefore, service efficiency and location of EoL-LIB recycling station (ELRS) have become a concern. Aiming at the comprehensive evaluation of the service efficiency of ELRSs, this study constructed an evaluation index system of the service efficiency of ELRSs, including 5 first-level indicators, such as incentive factors of system sound, economic benefit, social effect, technological innovation and management innovation. In this study, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), the fuzzy processing of 7-granularity language variables and the intuitionistic fuzzy weighted mean (IFWA) operator aggregate quantitative evaluation matrix were adopted. Based on the prospect theory, a weight correction model of individual expression tendency index was constructed. Secondly, we used Maximum deviation method (MDM) and Shapley fuzzy measure to build a two-stage optimization model, and then determined the optimal weight. Thirdly, according to performance function and accuracy function, we used Partition normalized weighted Bonferroni mean (PFPNWBM) operator to calculate the optimal ranking of ELRSs. Finally, an example was given to analyze the difference between the first-order linear optimization model and the two-stage optimization model, and the practical value of using Shapley function-based two-stage linear optimization model to evaluate the comprehensive service efficiency of ELRSs was verified.

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation induced by tricobalt tetroxide spinel (Co

The dewaterability of waste-activated sludge (WAS) has been extensively examined using zero-valent iron (ZVI)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). However, the high dosage and low utilization efficiencies of ZVI cast doubt on the dependability and viability of ZVI-based AOPs. In this study, we successfully demonstrated pre-magnetization as an efficient, chemical-free, and ecological method for improving the efficiency of sludge dewatering by ZVI/persulfate (PS) process, in which the reduction ratios of capillary suction time (CST) and specific resistance to filtration (SRF) increased by 8.67% and 11.06% under optimal conditions, respectively. The highly active Fe

The Jurassic Ordos basin is generally considered an intracontinental basin characterized by rapid subsidence rate along western margin and slow subsidence rate within basin interior. However, the formation mechanism of Ordos basin was not yet well understood. Flexural backstripping of stratigraphic record spanning from 174-153Ma, along three well sections perpendicular to the western margin of Ordos basin clearly demonstrates that there were long wavelength anomalous subsidence components, termed residual subsidence, in addition to those induced by thrust loads and sediment loads. Flexural components exhibit similar spatial and temporal trends along three sections. Simulations demonstrates that the foredeep is only 80-100 km wide, corresponding to effective thickness of 15-20 km. Contribution by flexural component relative to cumulative subsidence decreases from 50-60% to -15% within foredeep from thrust front towards basin interior, while residual subsidence could account for 40-50% of cumulative subsidence for areas outboard extent of foredeep. From 174-153 Ma, residual subsidence increases from ~150 m to ~330 m, ~200 m to ~390 m, ~180 m to ~480 m in southern, middle and northern section respectively. Our results indicate that thrust loads could act as the dominant driver for subsidence of foredeep while other mechanism needs to be raised to explain the basin-wide anomalous residual subsidence. The general agreement regarding both magnitude and trends along all three sections between dynamic topography predicted by geodynamic models and residual subsidence separated from flexural modeling, indicates that the anomalous subsidence component might be of dynamic origin, related to subduction of paleo-Pacific plate initiated from latest Early Jurassic.

Background: Temporal principal component analysis (tPCA) has been widely used to extract event-related potentials (ERPs) at group level of multiple subjects ERP data and it assumes that the underlying factor loading is fixed across participants. However, such assumption may fail to work if latency and phase for one ERP vary considerably across participants. Furthermore, effect of number of trials on tPCA decomposition has not been systematically examined as well, especially for within-subject PCA. New method: We reanalyzed a real ERP data of an emotional experiment using tPCA to extract N2 and P2 from single-trial EEG of an individual. We also explored influence of the number of trials (consecutively increased from 10 to 42 trials) on PCA decomposition by comparing temporal correlation, the statistical result, Cronbach’s alpha, spatial correlation of both N2 and P2 for the proposed method with the conventional time-domain analysis, trial-averaged group PCA, and single-trial-based group PCA. Results: The results of the proposed method can enhance spatial and temporal consistency. We could obtain stable N2 with few trials (about 20) for the proposed method, but, for P2, approximately 30 trials were needed for all methods. Comparison with Existing Method(s): About 30 trials for N2 were required and the reconstructed P2 and N2 were poor correlated across participants for the other three methods. Conclusion: The proposed approach may efficiently capture variability of one ERP from an individual that cannot be extracted by group PCA analysis. peerReviewed