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During normal translation, the binding of a release factor to one of the three stop codons (UGA, UAA or UAG) results in the termination of protein synthesis. However, modification of the initial uridine to a pseudouridine (Ψ) allows efficient recognition and read-through of these stop codons by a transfer RNA (tRNA), although it requires the formation of two normally forbidden purine-purine base pairs (1). Here we determined the crystal structure at 3.1 A resolution of the 30S ribosomal subunit in complex with the anticodon stem loop of [tRNA.sup.Ser] bound to the ΨAG stop codon in the A site. The Ψ A base pair at the first position is accompanied by the formation of purine-purine base pairs at the second and third positions of the codon, which show an unusual Watson-Crick/Hoogsteen geometry. The structure shows a previously unsuspected ability of the ribosomal decoding centre to accommodate non-canonical base pairs., The genetic code normally requires Watson-Crick base pairing at the first two positions of the codon-anticodon helix, and tolerates certain specific mismatches at the third (wobble) position. The structural basis [...]

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2010.08.017 Byline: Guowei Wu, Zichuan Xu Keywords: Real-time; Temperature-aware; Scheduling Abstract: High temperature will affect the stability and performance of multi-core processors. A temperature-aware scheduling algorithm for soft real-time multi-core systems is proposed in this paper, namely LTCEDF (Low Thermal Contribution Early Deadline First). According to the core temperature and thread thermal contribution, LTCEDF performs thread migration and exchange to avoid thermal saturation and to keep temperature equilibrium among all the cores. The core temperature calculation method and the thread thermal contribution prediction method are presented. LTCEDF is simulated on ATMI simulator platform. Simulation results show that LTCEDF can not only minimize the thermal penalty, but also meet real-time guarantee. Moreover, it can create a more uniform power density map than other thermal-aware algorithms, and significantly reduce thread migration frequency. Author Affiliation: School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116620, China Article History: Received 31 May 2009; Revised 9 July 2010; Accepted 10 August 2010

Background Thalamocortical circuit imbalance characterized by prefronto-thalamic hypoconnectivity and sensorimotor-thalamic hyperconnectivity has been consistently documented at rest in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, this thalamocortical imbalance has not been studied during task engagement to date, limiting our understanding of its role in cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. Methods Both n-back working memory (WM) task-fMRI and resting-state fMRI data were collected from 172 patients with SCZ and 103 healthy control subjects (HC). A replication sample with 49 SCZ and 48 HC was independently obtained. Sixteen thalamic subdivisions were employed as seeds for the analysis. Results During both task-performance and rest, SCZ showed thalamic hyperconnectivity with sensorimotor cortices, but hypoconnectivity with prefrontal-cerebellar regions relative to controls. Higher sensorimotor-thalamic connectivity and lower prefronto-thalamic connectivity both relate to poorer WM performance (lower task accuracy and longer response time) and difficulties in discriminating target from nontarget (lower d′ score) in n-back task. The prefronto-thalamic hypoconnectivity and sensorimotor-thalamic hyperconnectivity were anti-correlated both in SCZ and HCs; this anti-correlation was more pronounced with less cognitive demand (rest>0-back>2-back). These findings replicated well in the second sample. Finally, the hypo- and hyper-connectivity patterns during resting-state positively correlated with the hypo- and hyper-connectivity during 2-back task-state in SCZ respectively. Conclusions The thalamocortical imbalance reflected by prefronto-thalamic hypoconnectivity and sensorimotor-thalamic hyperconnectivity is present both at rest and during task engagement in SCZ and relates to working memory performance. The frontal reduction, sensorimotor enhancement pattern of thalamocortical imbalance is a state-invariant feature of SCZ that affects a core cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widely application of positioning technology has made collecting the movement of people feasible for knowledge-based decision. Data in its original form often contain sensitive attributes and publishing such data will leak individuals' privacy. Especially, a privacy threat occurs when an attacker can link a record to a specific individual based on some known partial information. Therefore, maintaining privacy in the published data is a critical problem. To prevent record linkage, attribute linkage, and similarity attacks based on the background knowledge of trajectory data, we propose a data privacy preservation with enhanced l-diversity. First, we determine those critical spatial-temporal sequences which are more likely to cause privacy leakage. Then, we perturb these sequences by adding or deleting some spatial-temporal points while ensuring the published data satisfy our ( L , α , β )-privacy, an enhanced privacy model from l-diversity. Our experiments on both synthetic and real-life datasets suggest that our proposed scheme can achieve better privacy while still ensuring high utility, compared with existing privacy preservation schemes on trajectory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]