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222. The Comet Interceptor Mission

Author

Jones, Geraint H., Snodgrass, Colin, Tubiana, Cecilia, Küppers, Michael, Kawakita, Hideyo, Lara, Luisa M., Agarwal, Jessica, André, Nicolas, Attree, Nicholas, Auster, Uli, Bagnulo, Stefano, Bannister, Michele, Beth, Arnaud, Bowles, Neil, Coates, Andrew, Colangeli, Luigi, Corral van Damme, Carlos, Da Deppo, Vania, De Keyser, Johan, Della Corte, Vincenzo, Edberg, Niklas, El-Maarry, Mohamed Ramy, Faggi, Sara, Fulle, Marco, Funase, Ryu, Galand, Marina, Goetz, Charlotte, Groussin, Olivier, Guilbert-Lepoutre, Aurélie, Henri, Pierre, Kasahara, Satoshi, Kereszturi, Akos, Kidger, Mark, Knight, Matthew, Kokotanekova, Rosita, Kolmasova, Ivana, Kossacki, Konrad, Kührt, Ekkehard, Kwon, Yuna, La Forgia, Fiorangela, Levasseur-Regourd, Anny-Chantal, Lippi, Manuela, Longobardo, Andrea, Marschall, Raphael, Morawski, Marek, Muñoz, Olga, Näsilä, Antti, Nilsson, Hans, Opitom, Cyrielle, Pajusalu, Mihkel, Pommerol, Antoine, Prech, Lubomir, Rando, Nicola, Ratti, Francesco, Rothkaehl, Hanna, Rotundi, Alessandra, Rubin, Martin, Sakatani, Naoya, Sánchez, Joan Pau, Simon Wedlund, Cyril, Stankov, Anamarija, Thomas, Nicolas, Toth, Imre, Villanueva, Geronimo, Vincent, Jean-Baptiste, Volwerk, Martin, Wurz, Peter, Wielders, Arno, Yoshioka, Kazuo, Aleksiejuk, Konrad, Alvarez, Fernando, Amoros, Carine, Aslam, Shahid, Atamaniuk, Barbara, Baran, Jędrzej, Barciński, Tomasz, Beck, Thomas, Behnke, Thomas, Berglund, Martin, Bertini, Ivano, Bieda, Marcin, Binczyk, Piotr, Busch, Martin-Diego, Cacovean, Andrei, Capria, Maria Teresa, Carr, Chris, Castro Marín, José María, Ceriotti, Matteo, Chioetto, Paolo, Chuchra-Konrad, Agata, Cocola, Lorenzo, Colin, Fabrice, Crews, Chiaki, Cripps, Victoria, Cupido, Emanuele, Dassatti, Alberto, Davidsson, Björn J. R., De Roche, Thierry, Deca, Jan, Del Togno, Simone, Dhooghe, Frederik, Donaldson Hanna, Kerri, Eriksson, Anders, Fedorov, Andrey, Fernández-Valenzuela, Estela, Ferretti, Stefano, Floriot, Johan, Frassetto, Fabio, Fredriksson, Jesper, Garnier, Philippe, Gaweł, Dorota, Génot, Vincent, Gerber, Thomas, Glassmeier, Karl-Heinz, Granvik, Mikael, Grison, Benjamin, Gunell, Herbert, Hachemi, Tedjani, Hagen, Christian, Hajra, Rajkumar, Harada, Yuki, Hasiba, Johann, Haslebacher, Nico, Herranz De La Revilla, Miguel Luis, Hestroffer, Daniel, Hewagama, Tilak, Holt, Carrie, Hviid, Stubbe, Iakubivskyi, Iaroslav, Inno, Laura, Irwin, Patrick, Ivanovski, Stavro, Jansky, Jiri, Jernej, Irmgard, Jeszenszky, Harald, Jimenéz, Jaime, Jorda, Laurent, Kama, Mihkel, Kameda, Shingo, Kelley, Michael S. P., Klepacki, Kamil, Kohout, Tomáš, Kojima, Hirotsugu, Kowalski, Tomasz, Kuwabara, Masaki, Ladno, Michal, Laky, Gunter, Lammer, Helmut, Lan, Radek, Lavraud, Benoit, Lazzarin, Monica, Le Duff, Olivier, Lee, Qiu-Mei, Lesniak, Cezary, Lewis, Zoe, Lin, Zhong-Yi, Lister, Tim, Lowry, Stephen, Magnes, Werner, Markkanen, Johannes, Martinez Navajas, Ignacio, Martins, Zita, Matsuoka, Ayako, Matyjasiak, Barbara, Mazelle, Christian, Mazzotta Epifani, Elena, Meier, Mirko, Michaelis, Harald, Micheli, Marco, Migliorini, Alessandra, Millet, Aude-Lyse, Moreno, Fernando, Mottola, Stefano, Moutounaick, Bruno, Muinonen, Karri, Müller, Daniel R., Murakami, Go, Murata, Naofumi, Myszka, Kamil, Nakajima, Shintaro, Nemeth, Zoltan, Nikolajev, Artiom, Nordera, Simone, Ohlsson, Dan, Olesk, Aire, Ottacher, Harald, Ozaki, Naoya, Oziol, Christophe, Patel, Manish, Savio Paul, Aditya, Penttilä, Antti, Pernechele, Claudio, Peterson, Joakim, Petraglio, Enrico, Piccirillo, Alice Maria, Plaschke, Ferdinand, Polak, Szymon, Postberg, Frank, Proosa, Herman, Protopapa, Silvia, Puccio, Walter, Ranvier, Sylvain, Raymond, Sean, Richter, Ingo, Rieder, Martin, Rigamonti, Roberto, Ruiz Rodriguez, Irene, Santolik, Ondrej, Sasaki, Takahiro, Schrödter, Rolf, Shirley, Katherine, Slavinskis, Andris, Sodor, Balint, Soucek, Jan, Stephenson, Peter, Stöckli, Linus, Szewczyk, Paweł, Troznai, Gabor, Uhlir, Ludek, Usami, Naoto, Valavanoglou, Aris, Vaverka, Jakub, Wang, Wei, Wang, Xiao-Dong, Wattieaux, Gaëtan, Wieser, Martin, Wolf, Sebastian, Yano, Hajime, Yoshikawa, Ichiro, Zakharov, Vladimir, Zawistowski, Tomasz, Zuppella, Paola, Rinaldi, Giovanna, and Ji, Hantao

Published
2024
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223. A causal link between circulating leukocytes and three major urologic cancers: a mendelian randomization investigation

Author

Yi Zhi-gang and Wang Han-dong

Subjects
leukocyte, neutrophil, prostate cancer, mendelian randomization, GWAS, genome-wide association study, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the influence of serum leukocytes on urologic cancers (UC) using observation-based investigations. In the present study, Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to assess the link between leukocyte count (LC) and the risk of UC development.MethodsFive LC and three major UC patient prognoses were obtained for MR analysis from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Furthermore, in order to evaluate reverse causality, bidirectional studies were conducted. Finally, a sensitivity analysis using multiple methods was carried out.ResultsThere was no significant correlation found in the genetic assessment of differential LC between the co-occurrence of bladder cancer (BCA) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Conversely, an individual 1-standard deviation (SD) rise in neutrophil count was strongly linked to a 9.3% elevation in prostate cancer (PCA) risk ([odd ratio]OR = 1.093, 95% [confidence interval]CI = 0.864–1.383, p = 0.002). Reverse MR analysis suggested that PCA was unlikely to cause changes in neutrophil count. Additional sensitivity studies revealed that the outcomes of all MR evaluations were similar, and there was no horizontal pleiotropy. Primary MR analysis using inverse-variance weighted (IVW) revealed that differential lymphocyte count significantly influenced RCC risk (OR = 1.162, 95%CI = 0.918–1.470, p = 0.001). Moreover, altered basophil count also affected BCA risk (OR = 1.249, 95% CI = 0.904–1.725, p = 0.018). Nonetheless, these causal associations were not significant in the sensitivity analysis.ConclusionIn summary, the results revealed that increased neutrophil counts represent a significant PCA risk factor. The current research indicates a significant relationship between immune cell activity and the cause of UC.

Published
2024
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224. Marine anoxia linked to abrupt global warming during Earths penultimate icehouse.

Author

Chen, Jitao, Montanez, Isabel, Zhang, Shuang, Isson, Terry, Macarewich, Sophia, Planavsky, Noah, Zhang, Feifei, Rauzi, Sofia, Daviau, Kierstin, Yao, Le, Qi, Yu-Ping, Wang, Yue, Fan, Jun-Xuan, Poulsen, Christopher, Anbar, Ariel, Shen, Shu-Zhong, and Wang, Xiang-Dong

Subjects
C-perturbation events, U and C isotope excursions, greenhouse gas–driven abrupt global warming, late Paleozoic, marine anoxia, Carbon, Global Warming, Humans, Hypoxia, Oceans and Seas, Seawater
Abstract

Piecing together the history of carbon (C) perturbation events throughout Earth’s history has provided key insights into how the Earth system responds to abrupt warming. Previous studies, however, focused on short-term warming events that were superimposed on longer-term greenhouse climate states. Here, we present an integrated proxy (C and uranium [U] isotopes and paleo CO2) and multicomponent modeling approach to investigate an abrupt C perturbation and global warming event (∼304 Ma) that occurred during a paleo-glacial state. We report pronounced negative C and U isotopic excursions coincident with a doubling of atmospheric CO2 partial pressure and a biodiversity nadir. The isotopic excursions can be linked to an injection of ∼9,000 Gt of organic matter–derived C over ∼300 kyr and to near 20% of areal extent of seafloor anoxia. Earth system modeling indicates that widespread anoxic conditions can be linked to enhanced thermocline stratification and increased nutrient fluxes during this global warming within an icehouse.

Published
2022

225. Laser ionization detection of O($^3P_j$) atoms in the VUV; application to photodissociation of O$_2$

Author

Wang, Xu-Dong, Parker, David H., van de Meerakker, Sebastiaan Y. T., Groenenboom, Gerrit C., and Onvlee, Jolijn

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract

Detection of nascent O($^3P_j$, $j=2,1,0$) atoms using one-photon resonant excitation to the $3s\,^3S^o_1$ state at $\sim 130$ nm followed by near-threshold ionization, i. e., 1 + 1' resonance enhanced multi-photon ionization (REMPI), has been investigated. The aim was to achieve low ion recoil, improved sensitivity, and reliable angular momentum polarization information, with an as simple as possible laser setup. An efficient 1 + 1' scheme has been found where the VUV light for the first step 1 is generated by difference frequency ($2\omega_1 - \omega_2$) VUV generation by four wave mixing in Kr gas, and the ionization step 1' uses 2$\omega_2$ at 289 nm. The presented scheme induces 9 m/s recoil of the O$^+$ ion using a two-dye laser system, and zero recoil should be possible by generating 302 nm radiation with a third dye laser. While this approach is much more sensitive than a previous 1 + 1' scheme using 212.6 nm for the 1' step, we found that the relatively intense 289 nm radiation does not saturate the 1' step. In order to test the ability of this scheme to accurately determine branching ratios, fine structure yields, and angular distributions including polarization information, it has been applied to O$_2$ photodissociation around 130 nm with subsequent O($^3P_j$) fragment detection.

Published
2021
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227. Construction of Optimized Treatment Plan of Acupuncture for Migraine Based on Entropy Weight-TOPSIS Method

Author

WANG Zhe, DONG Zhihao, ZHENG Hao, KONG Wencheng, ZHANG Yukuan, ZHANG Qiuyue, HAN Jing

Subjects
migraine disorders, acupuncture, optimized treatment plan, multicriteria decision making, technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution methods, meta-analysis, Medicine
Abstract

Background With the accumulation of high-quality evidence, the clinical effectiveness of acupuncture for migraine has been increasingly recognized. Numerous acupuncture clinical studies in China highlight and validate various acupuncture intervention schemes through clinical trials. Integrating and selecting these advantageous schemes to guide clinical practice has become a new focus in acupuncture research. Objective To conduct multicriteria decision making (MCDM) by using technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) method based on Meta-analysis, screen optimized treatment plan (OTP) of acupuncture for migraine and explore the ideas for constructing OTPs of acupuncture. Methods Wanfang Data, VIP, CNKI, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, and EmBase were searched by computer for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on acupuncture treatment for migraine published before April 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted basic characteristics of literature〔author, year of publication, sample size, cure rate, efficiency rate and visual analogue score (VAS), etc.〕, and assessed the quality of the RCTs by using modified Jadad scale. Acupuncture treatment plans for migraine were summarized based on the characteristics of the included RCTs, and Meta-analysis was performed. The relative risk (RR) of cure rate and efficiency rate, and the mean difference (MD) of VAS scores for each plan were extracted based on the Meta-analysis results. The treatment frequency and score of the modified Jadad scale were calculated for each plan using sample size as the weight. The data were all included in the MCDM analysis, the weights of different decision criterion were determined using the entropy weight method. The TOPSIS method was finally used to select OTP of acupuncture for migraine. Results A total of 17 RCTs were included and categorized into 8 types of treatment plans of acupuncture for migraine (Tongyuan acupuncture, six-spirit points, bone-nearby acupuncture, conventional acupuncture, Gallbladder Meridian acupoints, head acupoints, penetration needling method and Siguan acupoints) according to the results of Meta-analysis. The TOPSIS evaluation indicated that the treatment plan of acupuncture focusing primarily on head acupoints is OTP, involving needling the head acupoints of Fengfu, Touwei, Toulinqi, Taiyang, Shuaigu, and Fengchi once daily or every other day, with an average treatment number of 11, with the main advantages of shorter treatment time and significant reduction in VAS. Conclusion The OTP of acupuncture for migraine screened and constructed in the study can provide reference for clinical application. The utilization of the entropy weight-TOPSIS method based on Meta-analysis presents a novel approach for constructing the OTPs of acupuncture for migraine.

Published
2023
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228. Opportunities and Challenges of Surveillance for Liver Cancer in Primary Care Institutions in China

Author

WANG Shiyue, DONG Chen, CHANG Chudi, NAN Yuemin

Subjects
liver neoplasms, early detection of cancer, primary health setting, community health services, editorial, Medicine
Abstract

Primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the common malignant tumors and the main causes of tumor death in China. Although the diagnosis and treatment technology of PLC in China has made great progress in recent years, its morbidity and mortality have been decreasing year by year, but the low early diagnosis rate and 5-year survival rate of PLC are major public health problems that need to be solved urgently in the field of chronic disease prevention and control. Effective implementation of early screening, detection, diagnosis and treatment of PLC is an important measure to improve the rates of radical treatment and survival. The combination of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and liver ultrasound is a routine method for screening hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic liver disease; the combination of AFP and AFP-L3 and/or abnormal prothrombin can improve the early diagnosis rate of early-stage HCC; the early diagnosis rate of small hepatocellular carcinoma can be improved by Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging or its combination with computerized tomography. With the continuous promotion of hierarchical medical system and improvement of primary medical resources allocation and health service capacity in China, primary care institutions have become an important force for early screening of many cancers. Based on this context, this paper mainly discusses the development opportunities, risk challenges and future thinking of surveillance for liver cancer in primary care institutions in China, in order to provide new ideas and direction guidance for it in the future.

Published
2023
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229. The application of nanocarbon tracer in the surgical treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma

Author

LIU Jun, DU Bin, WANG Yu, DONG Jun, CUI Fengming

Subjects
papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, nanocarbon tracer, lymph node dissection, parathyroid hormone, thyroglobulin, Medicine
Abstract

Objective To evaluate the application and value of nanocarbon tracer in the surgical treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical and pathological data of 165 PTMC patients who underwent thyroid cancer surgery at Nanjing Jiangbei Hospital from January 2017 to December 2022 was conducted. Patients were divided into the nanocarbon group (n=87) and the conventional group (n=78) based on whether carbon nanoparticles suspension was used during the surgery. Surgical data (such as operation time, blood loss, drainage volume), pathological data (number of lymph nodes and the number of positive nodes), and serological indicators (parathyroid hormone and blood calcium) were compared between the two groups. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of drainage volume, length of hospital stay, blood loss, and operation time (P＞0.05). The nanocarbon group had a higher number of cleared lymph nodes (7.9±2.1 vs 5.4±1.3，t=9.069，P＜0.01) and positive lymph nodes (2.1±1.1 vs 1.4±1.0，t=4.259，P＜0.01) than the conventional group, and the levels of parathyroid hormone and blood calcium at 1 day and 1 month after surgery were higher in the nanocarbon group compared to the conventional group (P＜0.05). During the outpatient follow-up at 1 month after surgery, both groups had lower serum thyroglobulin values, but the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05). Conclusion Nanocarbon tracer can improve the clinical benefits of PTMC surgery and is safe and effective.

Published
2023
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230. Erratum

Author

Korff, Ane, Yang, Xiaojing, O'Donovan, Kevin, Gonzalez, Abner, Teubner, Brett J.W., Nakamura, Haruko, Messing, James, Yang, Fen, Carisey, Alexandre F., Wang, Yong-Dong, Patni, Tushar, Sheppard, Heather, Zakharenko, Stanislav S., Chook, Yuh Min, Taylor, J. Paul, and Kim, Hong Joo

Subjects
Health care industry
Abstract

Original citation: J Clin Invest. 2023;133(14):e160309. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI160309. Citation for this erratum: J Clin Invest. 2024;134(8):e181331. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI181331. During the preparation of this manuscript, a text error was introduced during copyediting by [...]

Published
2024
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241. Survival influence of gender on 42,345 patients with gastric cardia adenocarcinoma

Author

Xu, Rui Hua, Zhao, Xue Ke, Song, Xin, Lei, Ling Ling, Zhong, Kan, Han, Wen Li, Wang, Ran, De Bao, Qi, Hu, Jing Feng, Wei, Meng Xia, Ji, Jia Jia, Li, Liu Yu, Fan, Zong Min, Han, Xue Na, Li, Bei, Yang, Yuan Ze, Sun, Lin, Li, Jia, Yang, Miao Miao, Li, Xing Song, You, Duo, Bai, He Lin, Qiao, Jia Xin, Xie, Ye Zhen, Zhou, Fu You, Li, Xue Min, Li, Ai Li, and Wang, Li Dong

Published
2023
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242. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody/tyrosine kinase inhibitors with or without transarterial chemoembolization as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CHANCE2201): a target trial emulation study

Author

Jin, Zhi-Cheng, Chen, Jian-Jian, Zhu, Xiao-Li, Duan, Xu-Hua, Xin, Yu-Jing, Zhong, Bin-Yan, Chen, Jin-Zhang, Tie, Jun, Zhu, Kang-Shun, Zhang, Lan, Huang, Ming, Piao, Ming-Jian, Li, Xiao, Shi, Hai-Bin, Liu, Rui-Bao, Xu, Ai-Bing, Ji, Fan-Pu, Wu, Jian-Bing, Shao, Guo-Liang, Li, Hai-Liang, Huang, Ming-Sheng, Peng, Zhi-Yi, Ji, Jian-Song, Yuan, Chun-Wang, Liu, Xiu-Feng, Hu, Zhou-Chao, Yang, Wei-Zhu, Yin, Guo-Wen, Huang, Jin-Hua, Ge, Nai-Jian, Qi, Xiao-Long, Zhao, Yang, Zhou, Jia-Wei, Xu, Guo-Hui, Tu, Qiang, Lin, Hai-Lan, Zhang, Yao-Jun, Jiang, Hua, Shao, Hai-Bo, Su, Yong-Jie, Chen, Ting-Song, Shi, Bao-Qi, Xing, Wen-Ge, Gu, Shan-Zhi, Wang, Wei-Dong, Wang, Song, Wen, Shu-Wei, Lv, Wei-Fu, Zhu, Xu, Mu, Wei, Ren, Wei-Xin, Lu, Zai-Ming, Fan, Yong, Li, Jia-Ping, Zhao, Wei, Zheng, Chuan-Sheng, Zhao, Xu-Ya, Zhao, Hui, Xu, Jian, Hu, Wen-Hao, Lei, Yan-Ming, Wu, Qing-Hua, Niu, Huan-Zhang, Li, Jia-Rui, Han, Jian-Jun, Feng, Dui-Ping, Cai, Zheng, Li, Qing-Dong, Dai, Zhen-Yu, Shi, Rong-Shu, Chen, Yong, Wang, Wen-Jun, Yin, Li-Nan, Zhou, Xiang, Zhao, Hai-Tao, Zhu, Hai-Dong, Ren, Zheng-Gang, Teng, Gao-Jun, Ji, Fanpu, and Qi, Xiaolong

Published
2024
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